考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷74

考研英語(閱讀)模擬試卷74

一、閱讀(常規(guī)閱讀理解)(本題共20題，每題7.0

分，共20分。)

Youaregoingtoreadatextaboutthetipsonresumewriting,followedbyalistof

examples.ChoosethebestexamplefromthelistA—Fforeachnumberedsubheading(41

-45).Thereisoneextraexamplewhichyoudonotneedtouse.Markyouranswerson

ANSWERSHEET1.(10points)Themainpurposeofaresumeistoconvincean

employertograntyouaninterview.Therearetwokinds.Oneisthefamiliar"tombstone"

thatlistswhereyouwenttoschoolandwhereyou'veworkedinchronologicalorder.The

otheriswhatIcallthe"functional"resume-descriptive,funtoread,uniquetoyouand

muchmorelikelytolandyouaninterview.It'shandytohavea"tombstone"forcertain

occasions.Butprospectiveemployersthrowawaymostofthoseunrequested

"tombstone"lists,preferringtointerviewthequickratherthanthedead.Whatfollowsare

lipsonwritingafunctionalresumethatwillgetread—aresumethatmakesyoucome

aliveandlookinterestingtoemployers.[RI]PutyourselffirstInordertowritea

resumeotherswillreadwithenthusiasm,youhavetofeelimportantaboutyourself.

[R2]Sellwhatyoucando,notwhoyouarePracticetranslatingyour

personalitytraits,character,accomplishmentsandachievementsintoskillareas.There

areatleastfivethousandskillareasintheworldofwork.Tootyourownhorn

Manypeopleclutchwhenaskedtothinkabouttheirabilities.Somethinktheyhavenone

atall!Buteveryonedoes,andoneofyoursmayjustbetheticketanemployerwouldbe

gladtopunch—ifonlyyoushowit.【R3】Bespecific,beconcrete,andbebrief

Rememberthat"brevityisthebestpolicy."[R4]Turnbadnewsintogood

Everybodyhashaddisappointmentsinwork.Ifyouhavetomentionyours,lookforthe

positiveside.[R5]NeverapologizeIfyou'rereturningtotheworkforceafter

fifteenyearsasaparent,simplywriteashortparagraph(summaryofbackground)inplace

ofachronologyofexperience.Don'tapologizeforworkingatbeingamother;it'sthe

hardestjobofall.Ifyouhavenospecialtrainingorhighereducation,justdon'tmention

education.Thesecretistothinkabouttheselfbeforeyoustartwritingabout

yourself.Takefourorfivehoursoff,notnecessarilyconsecutive,andsimplywritedown

everyaccomplishmentinyourlife,onoroffthejob,thatmadeyoufeeleffective.Don't

worryatfirstaboutwhatitallmeans.Studythelistandtrytospotpatterns.Asyoustudy

yourlist,youwillcomeclosertothemeaning:identifyingyourmarketableskills.Once

youdiscoverpatterns,givenamestoyourclusterofaccomplishments(lcadershipskills,

budgetmanagementskills,childdevelopmentskillsetc).Trytolistatleastthree

accomplishmentsunderthesameskillsheading.Nowstartwritingyourresumeasifyou

mattered.Itmaytakefourdraftsormore,andseveralweeks,beforeyou'rereadytoshow

ittoastranger(friendsareusuallytookind)forareaction.Whenyou'resatisfied,sendit

toaprinter;aprintedresumeisfarsuperiortophotocopies.Itshowsanemployerthat

youregardjobhuntingasseriouswork,worthdoingright.Isn'tthatthekindofperson

you'dwantworkingforyou?［A］Awomanwholostherjobasateacher'saideduetoa

cutbackingovernmentfundingwrote;"Principalofelementaryschoolcitedmeasthe

onlyteacher'saideshewouldrehireifgovernmentfundsbecameavailable."|B|One

resumeIreceivedincludedthefollowing;"invitedbymysuperiortostraightenoutour

organization'saccountsreceivable.Setuporderlyrepaymentschedule,reconciled

accountsweekly,andimprovedcashflow100percent.Rewardedwithraiseand

promotion."Noticehowthiswomanfocusesonresults,specifieshowsheaccomplished

them,andmentionsherreward—allin34words.［C］Forexample,ifyouhaveaflairfor

saving,managingandinvestingmoney,youhavemoneymanagementskills.［D］An

acquaintancecomplainedofbeingbiasedwhenlosinganopportunityduetothestatement

"Readytolearnthoughnotsowelleducated".［E］Oneofmyformercolleagues,for

example,wroteresumesinthreedifferentstylesinordertofindoutwhichwasmore

preferred.Theresultis,ofcourse,theonethathighlightsskillsandeducation

background.［F］Awomanoncetoldmeaboutacash-flowcrisisheremployerhadfaced.

She'dagreedtoworkwithoutpayforthreemonthsuntilbusinessimproved.Herreward

washerbackpayplusa20percentbonus.Iaskedwhythatmarvelousstorywasn'tinher

resume.Sheanswered,"Ilwasn*timportant."Whatshewasreallysayingofcoursewas

"I'mnotimportant.*'

1、［Rll

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：小標(biāo)題是“把自己放在第一位，重視自己“。下文對(duì)小標(biāo)題進(jìn)行解釋說

明：要想別人充滿熱情地閱讀你的簡歷，你就要覺得自己是個(gè)人物，即認(rèn)識(shí)到自己

的重要性。原文中關(guān)鍵詞是imporlani。用利用一位女士的經(jīng)歷從反面論證了“要重

視自己，認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的重要性”的觀點(diǎn)。另外，［F］復(fù)現(xiàn)了原文中的關(guān)鍵詞

importanto注意：舉例論證時(shí)，作者可能從正面角度論述，也可能從反面角度論

述。比如這個(gè)題目，［F］項(xiàng)就是從反面論證了小標(biāo)題的觀點(diǎn)。一位女士告訴作者她

的經(jīng)歷：雇主曾經(jīng)遇到了資金不足的困難，這位女士為雇主干了三個(gè)月的活而沒有

領(lǐng)取一分報(bào)酬。后來公司業(yè)務(wù)好轉(zhuǎn)后她領(lǐng)到了全部工資還得到了優(yōu)厚的獎(jiǎng)金?？墒?/p>

該女士并沒有把這么有意義的事情寫進(jìn)她的簡歷。她告訴作者這切沒什么大不

了，不值得一提。通過這個(gè)例子作者實(shí)際上想指出，這位女士應(yīng)該認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的重

要性。這個(gè)例子就是從反面論證了小標(biāo)題內(nèi)容：要把自己放在第一位，重視自己。

從反面角度論證主題的情況比較少見，大多數(shù)考生對(duì)這種論證方式還不太敏感，所

以建議大家在讀完一個(gè)論據(jù)之后一定要想一想這個(gè)論據(jù)到底說明了一個(gè)什么問題。

2、［R2］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：c

知識(shí)點(diǎn)露析：小標(biāo)題是“推銷的是你的能力，不是你的性格”。下文對(duì)標(biāo)題進(jìn)行了補(bǔ)

充說明：學(xué)會(huì)把自己的個(gè)性、性格、成就等闡釋為各種具體的技能(skillareas)。由

此可判斷，下文中應(yīng)該提到與能力或技能相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。符合條件的有［C］和［E］,因

為它們都直接出現(xiàn)了原文中的關(guān)鍵詞skills。但［E］還出現(xiàn)了原文沒有的信息

educationbackground,這個(gè)冗余信息在原文中無法找到依據(jù)。［C］將“技能”具體化

為“理財(cái)技能”，符合原文中“學(xué)會(huì)把自己的特點(diǎn)和成就闡釋為各種具體技能”的邏

輯，因此鎖定該選項(xiàng)。

3、［R3］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：小標(biāo)題是“詳細(xì)，具體，簡要“。作者在下文用一句話揭示了小標(biāo)題的

具體含義：簡潔為上。實(shí)際上，這一小標(biāo)題強(qiáng)調(diào)的是簡歷寫作的語言風(fēng)格，即如何

遣詞造句的問題。［E］雖然涉及到了簡歷的寫作風(fēng)格，但其側(cè)重點(diǎn)在于簡歷中“應(yīng)該

寫什么“，而非“語言風(fēng)格''的問題，因此被排除。［B］講到一位女士在簡歷中只用寥

寥數(shù)字就清楚地說明了她的工作和所取得的成就，其中allin34words是關(guān)鍵信

息，充分表達(dá)了這位女士言簡意賅的語言風(fēng)格，從正面告訴我們“簡潔，具體''的重

要性。另外，該選項(xiàng)末句中specifics與小標(biāo)題中specific同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，因此［B］正確。

4、［R4］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：小標(biāo)題是“變不利為有利下文進(jìn)行解釋說明：每個(gè)人在工作中都有

不盡人意之處，應(yīng)該換個(gè)角度，看到它積極的一面。［A］指出，一位女助教由于政

府削減資金而失業(yè)。但是她不直接說自己失業(yè)了，而是說校長向她許諾過，如果資

金到位，她將會(huì)是校長唯一聘用的助教。這個(gè)例子中，那位女士字里行間洋溢著自

信，是用積極的態(tài)度來表述自己的不幸遭遇，與小標(biāo)題非常契合。

5、［R5］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：小標(biāo)題是“不要道歉”。通過下文的說明，可以知道這個(gè)標(biāo)題的含義

是：沒有必要為自己的短處感到羞愧。在簡歷中，應(yīng)聘單位注重的是你的閃光點(diǎn)，

簡歷不是道歉說對(duì)不起的地方。只有［D］出現(xiàn)了與原文中apologize對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，這

個(gè)例子講的是一個(gè)朋友左求職時(shí)遭到了歧視，原因是他在簡歷中寫了自己受教育程

度不高，但很好學(xué)。這正是以一個(gè)失敗的例子，從反面闡述了原文中“絕不道歉'’的

含義，與小標(biāo)題和原文信息正好匹配，所以［D］入選。注：此處需要提醒考生，

定要找準(zhǔn)論點(diǎn)。以黑體字出現(xiàn)的小標(biāo)題并不一定就是論點(diǎn)或者主題句。小標(biāo)題與主

題句在功能方面還是有區(qū)別的：小標(biāo)題有時(shí)可能只是為了吸引讀者注意,所以會(huì)選

擇突出展示主題內(nèi)容的某一方面，在措辭方面可能會(huì)比較夸張?？忌诮忸}時(shí)一定

要全面閱讀包括小標(biāo)題在內(nèi)的正文。在判斷每道題的選項(xiàng)時(shí)，一定要仔細(xì)閱讀各選

項(xiàng)，找出各選項(xiàng)的中心意思，再結(jié)合正文中的主題句以及關(guān)鍵詞來確定選項(xiàng)。

Directions;Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextabouthowtoselectafund.

ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph(41

45).Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarcnotnumbered.Thereisoneextraheading

whichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.|AJWatching

relatedexpensesandmakingwisechoice|B|Payingattentiontodetails?Weighing

ynnrfinancialgnalsandexpectationsfirst(D|Maintainingrealisticexpectafiong

［E］NarrowingthesearchF］NottoospecialEatingbetter.Exercising.Investing.There

arealotofthingsyouknowshouldbedoing.Theproblemisthatgettingstartedalways

seemstobethehardestpart.Formanyinvestors,mutualfundsareagoodwaytogo,but

tryingtosortthroughthenumberofavailablechoices—nowmorethan10,000-makes

thisimportanttaskappearoverwhelming.Let'slookatsonicwaystocutthatnumber

downtoareasonablesize,aswellasotherfactorstoconsiderwhenselectingyourfirst

fund.[RI]Beforeyoubeginexaminingpotentialinvestments,it'simportantto

takesometimetoassessyourowngoalsandrisktolerance.Ifyoustartwithaclear

objectiveinmind,aswellasanunderstandingastohowyoumightreactifyour

investmentlosesmoney,yoifllbelesslikelytopurchaseafundthatdoesn'tfityour

needs.Andthat'swhatoftenleadstodisappointment.Itisimportanttolookforfundsthat

areappropriateforbothyourgoalsandyourinvestmenttemperament.[R2]

OnewaytobeginyoursearchforagoodfundistousetheMorningstarstarrating.The

ratingisausefultoolfornarrowingthefieldtofundsthathavedoneagoodjobof

balancingreturnandriskinthepast.Toassignratings,Morningstarusesaformulathat

comparesafund'srisk-adjustedhistoricalperformancewiththatofotherfundswithin

fourratinggroups—domesticstockfunds,internationalstockfunds,taxablebondfunds,

andmunicipalbondfunds.[R3]Fundsthatinvestsolelyinasinglemarket

sectors,calledspecialtyfunds,oftenhaveimpressivereturnsandmaybegreatadditions

toadiversifiedportfolio.However,thesuccessofsuchfundsdependslargelyonthe

fortunesofaparticularmarketsector.Hence,specialtyfundsprobablyaren'tthebestway

tostart.Foryourfirstfund,lookforadiversifiedstockfundthathasexposuretodifferent

typesofstocks.[R4]There'snofreelunchinfundinvesting:inadditiontothe

salesfeesthatsomefundcompaniescharge,fundinvestorsmustalsopaymanagement

feesandtradingcosts.Unfortunately,youdon'tnecessarilygetwhatyoupayfor-noone

hasevershownthatmoreexpensivefundsprovidegreaterreturns.Lookforfundswith

reasonablecosts.Theexpenseratio,whichexpressesannualcostsasapercentagea-

mount,isprobablythebestnumbertousewhencomparingmutualfundcosts.[R5]

Whateverthemarketdoes,trytotakeitinstride.You'reinforthelonghaul,so

don'tworryaboutthemarket'sday-to-daygyrations.Relaxandresistthetemptationto

monitoryourfirstinvestmentdaily.Checkinonyourmutualfundsonceamonth,and

giveyourportfolioathoroughexamevery6to12months.Andconsideraddingtoyour

fundeachmonth.Anautomaticinvestmentplanmakesitarelativelypainlessprocess.

Finally,rememberthattheultimatemeasureofyoursuccessasaninvestordependsnot

onyourowningthebest-performingmutualfund.Onlyonefundwillbethetop

performeroverthenextdecade,andthere'snowaytopredictwhichoneitwillbe.

Meetingyourownfinancialgoalsshouldultimatelybetheyardstickbywhichyou

measureyourinvestmentsuccess.

6、[RI]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第二段首句是主題句，說明了第一個(gè)應(yīng)注意的問題是“確定自己的目

標(biāo)、了解自己的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)容忍度”，其中關(guān)鍵詞是assessyourowngoalsandrisk

tolerance；末句呼應(yīng)、重申主題句。[C]項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了本段的關(guān)鍵詞goals,而且first表

明了它是第一個(gè)學(xué)慮的問題。因此[C]項(xiàng)概拈了第二段的含義。注意weigh一詞的

含義不是“稱重量”，而是“掂量。認(rèn)真考慮”。

7、[R2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析?：第三段首句是主題句，指出可借助“晨星”星級(jí)評(píng)級(jí)系統(tǒng)來選擇好的基

金。接著該段介紹了這種系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是通過比較基金來縮小選擇的范圍（narrowing

thefield)o[E]項(xiàng)中narrow和search兩個(gè)詞都在該段中出現(xiàn)，并且它與該段的內(nèi)容

相吻合，因庇是正確項(xiàng)。

8、[R3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第四段先介紹了什么是“專向基金”及其特點(diǎn)，接著指出投資新手的最

佳選擇不是“專向基金”，而是分散型股票資金。[F]項(xiàng)中的special--詞和該段的

specialty相呼應(yīng)，該項(xiàng)與第四段結(jié)合起來時(shí)表示的含義是“選擇基金時(shí)不要太過單

一，而要多元”。

9、[R4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第五段先指出投資是要支付費(fèi)用的，接著轉(zhuǎn)折指出投資不一定能帶來

回報(bào)，最后總結(jié)指出，要選擇費(fèi)用合理的基金，并用開支比率來比較基金的費(fèi)用。

[A]項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)了expenses一詞，并概括了第五段的內(nèi)容，即“通過考慮費(fèi)用來選擇基

金”。

10、[R5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：第六段開篇提到：要保持輕松的心態(tài)。接著作者建議投資者不要過分

關(guān)注所投資的基金，而只需定時(shí)管理即可。言外之意，對(duì)投資結(jié)果的期待要現(xiàn)實(shí)。

[D]項(xiàng)表達(dá)了該段的含義。

Directions:Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41一

45.choosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA—Gtofitintoeachofthenumbered

blank.Therearetwoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.Markyour

answersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)LongbeforeManlivedontheEarth,there

werefishes,reptiles,birds,insects,andsomemammals.Althoughsomeoftheseanimals

wereancestorsofkindslivingtoday,othersarcnowextinct,thatis,theyhaveno

descendantsalivenow.[RI].Veryoccasionallytherocksshowimpressionof

skin,sothat,apartfromcolor,wecanbuildupareasonablyaccuratepictureofananimal

thatdiedmillionsofyearsago.Thekindofrockinwhichtheremainsarefoundtellsus

muchaboutthenatureoftheoriginalland,oftenoftheplantsthatgrewonit,andevenof

itsclimate.[R2].Nearlyallofthefossilsthatweknowwerepreservedin

rocksformedbywateraction,andmostoftheseareofanimalsthatlivedinornearv/ater.

Thusitfollowsthattheremustbemanykindsofmammals,birds,andinsectsofwhich

weknownothing.【R3】.Therewerealsocrab-likecreatures,whosebodies

werecoveredwithahornysubstance.Thebodysegmentseachhadtwopairsoflegs,one

pairforwalkingonthesandybottom,theotherforswimming.Theheadwasakindof

shieldwithapairofcompoundeyes,oftenwiththousandsoflenses.Theywereusually

aninchortwolongbutsomewere2feet.[R4].Ofthese,theammonitesare

veryinterestingandimportant.Theyhaveashellcomposedofmanychambers,each

representingatemporaryhomeoftheanimal.Astheyounggrewlargeritgrewanew

chamberandsealedoffthepreviousone.Thousandsofthesecanbeseenintherockson

theDorselCoast.【R5】.About75millionyearsagotheAgeofReptileswas

overandmostofthegroupsdiedout.Themammalsquicklydeveloped,andwecantrace

(heevolutionofmanyfamiliaranimalssuchastheelephantandhorse.Manyofthelater

mammals,thoughnowextinct,wereknowntoprimitivemanandwerefeaturedbyhimin

cavepaintingsandonbonecarvings.[A]Theshellfishhavealonghistoryintherockand

manydifferentkindsareknown.[B]Nevertheless,weknowagreatdealaboutmanyof

thembecausetheirbonesandshellshavebeenpreservedintherocksasfossils.From

themwecantelltheirsizeandshape,howtheywalked,thekindoffoodtheyate.[C|The

firstanimalswithtruebackboneswerethefishes,firstknownintherocksof375million

yearsago.About300millionyearsagotheamphibians,theanimalsabletolivebothon

landandinwater,appeared.Theyweregiant,sometimes8feetlong,andmanyofthem

livedintheswampypoolsinwhichourcoalseam,orlayer,formed.Theamphibians

gaverisetothereptilesandfornearly150millionyearstheseweretheprincipalformsof

lifeonland,inthesea,andintheair.[D]Thcbestindexfossilstendtobemarine

creatures.Theseanimalsevolvedrapidlyandspreadoverlargeareasoftheworld.[E|The

earliestanimalswhoseremainshavebeenfoundwereallverysimplekindsandlivedin

thesea.Laterformsaremorecomplex,andamongthesearethesea-lilies,relationsofthe

star-fishes,whichhadlongarmsandwereattachedbyalongstalktotheseabed,orto

rocks.[F]Whenananimaldies,thebody,itsbones,orshell,mayoftenbecarriedaway

bystreamsintolakesortheseaandtheregetcoveredupbymud.Iftheanimallivedin

theseaitsbodywouldprobablysinkandbecoveredwithmud.Moreandmoremud

wouldfalluponituntilthebonesorshellbecomeembeddedandpreserved.[G]Many

factorscaninfluencehowfossilsarepreservedinrocks.Remainsofanorganismmaybe

replacedbyminerals,dissolvedbyanacidicsolutiontoleaveonlytheirimpression,or

simplyreducedtoamorestableform.

11、[RI]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格出現(xiàn)在第一段的中間，必然在該段中起到承上啟下的作用。

上文大意是很多在人類之前出現(xiàn)在地球上的生物現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)滅絕了。下文大意是巖石

(Iherocks)能幫助人類了解已經(jīng)滅絕了的動(dòng)物及它們生存的環(huán)境。根據(jù)上下文可以

確定該段的主題是探討滅絕的動(dòng)物和巖石之間的聯(lián)系。因此可預(yù)測(cè)空格處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)

和這個(gè)主題相關(guān)，邏輯上為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，即“雖然動(dòng)物滅絕了，但還有化石證明它們

的存在上文中表否定的詞語exlincl和nodescendant與下文中表肯定的訓(xùn)語

accurate和much之間的呼應(yīng)表明了這種轉(zhuǎn)折。[A]雖然提到therock,但將動(dòng)物具

體化到theshellfish,與下文內(nèi)容不符，排除。[B]中出現(xiàn)表轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯詞

nevertheless和關(guān)鍵詞iherocks。若把該選項(xiàng)代人原文中，則句中第一個(gè)代詞ihem

指上文中的otheraniinals(thatare)nowextincto因此[B]從內(nèi)容、邏輯上都符合需

要，是正確選項(xiàng)。其他也提到therock(s)的選項(xiàng)[C]、[E]、[G]都不是探討它與滅絕

動(dòng)物的關(guān)系，不符合段落主題。

12、[R2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題中的空格出現(xiàn)在第二段段首，既可能是第二段的主題句，也可能

是第一段內(nèi)容與空格后面內(nèi)容的銜接部分，與上文有一定的連貫性，又與下文中的

重點(diǎn)提示信息相關(guān)聯(lián)。上文談到巖石有利于人類了解已滅絕的動(dòng)物，下文大意是由

于動(dòng)物化石是通過水流作用而保存下來的，因此存在過許多人類尚未知曉的非水生

或親水動(dòng)物。其中提到的新的關(guān)鍵信息是wateraction。最大的干擾項(xiàng)是［G］,因?yàn)?/p>

它一開始就有和該段相同的內(nèi)容fossilsarepreserved?但是該選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容是指日很

多因素都會(huì)影響化石的保存，即：有機(jī)物的殘骸可能被礦物所替代，接著被酸性溶

液所溶解，只留下殘骸的印記，或者只是還原到一種更穩(wěn)定的形態(tài)。顯然這些內(nèi)容

與下文毫無關(guān)聯(lián)。只有［F］提到動(dòng)物的尸體都會(huì)被沖到湖泊或海洋形成化石，其中

carriedawaybystreams...covereduphymud就是wa-teraction,因此足正確選項(xiàng)。

此題難度較大，可以采取先解答其他題的策略。

13、［R3］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：與上一題相似，這一小題的空格出現(xiàn)在第三段段首，因此應(yīng)該與上下

文的內(nèi)容相銜接，尤其是與下文要保持內(nèi)容上的一致性。上文提到動(dòng)物化石大多都

是水生或親水動(dòng)物，下文介紹蟹類生物的特性。特別注意下文第一句話中的there

werealso…表示含義上的遞進(jìn)。由于蟹類生物是水生動(dòng)物，可以預(yù)測(cè)空格處的內(nèi)容

不會(huì)超出水生動(dòng)物這個(gè)話題。這樣可人選的答案只有［A］、［E］,其他選項(xiàng)要么未涉

及這個(gè)話題，要么超出這個(gè)話題。把兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，［E］中出現(xiàn)了therearethe

sea—lilies與下文的therewerealso…相呼應(yīng)，是最佳答案。整個(gè)第三段的內(nèi)容從介

紹單一的海洋生物到復(fù)雜的海洋生物，從海百合到蟹類，層層推進(jìn)。

14、［R4］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題的空格在第四段段首。上文介紹蟹類生物的特性，下文介紹了一

種稱為菊石的動(dòng)物的特性。因此空格處的作用只是由一種動(dòng)物的介紹過渡到另一種

動(dòng)物的介紹。符合條件的只有［A］、［0。從下文中出現(xiàn)的新信息shell,又可以確定

正確答案是［A］選項(xiàng)。這樣空格處既是第三、四段的過渡，又是第四段的主題句。

整個(gè)第四段是對(duì)有殼的魚類的介紹,并以菊石為例°

15、［R5］

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識(shí)點(diǎn)解析：本題空格在第五段段首。上文是對(duì)一種有殼生物菊石的介紹，下文則

提到了爬行動(dòng)物和哺乳動(dòng)物，話題之間跨度較大。因此預(yù)測(cè)空格處應(yīng)彌補(bǔ)這種信息

上的空缺，既能夠承接有殼的水生動(dòng)物的話題，又能夠引出爬行動(dòng)物時(shí)代結(jié)束這樣

的內(nèi)容。顯然正確答案是［C］,它介紹了從魚類到爬行動(dòng)物的進(jìn)化過程，其中的

reptiles與下文的theAgeofReptiles銜接得非常恰當(dāng)。

Directions:ThefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorderforQuestions41-45,

youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfrom

thelistA-Etofillineachnumberedbox.Thefirstandthelastparagraphshavebeen

placedforyouinBoxes.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(10points)［A］"I

justdon'tknowhowtomotivatethemtodoabetterjob.We'reinabudgetcrunchandI

haveabsolutelynofinancialrewardsatmydisposal.Infact,we'llprobablyhavetolay

sonicpeopleoffinthenearfuture.It'shardformetomakethejobinterestingand

challengingbecauseitisn'tit'sboring,routinepaperwork,andthereisn'tmuchyoucan

doaboutit.|B]"FinaIly,Ican'tsaytothemthattheirpromotionswillhingeonthe

excellenceoftheirpaperwork.Firstofall,theyknowit'snottrue.Iftheirperformanceis

adequate,mostaremorelikelytogetpromotedjustbyslayingontheforceacertain

numberofyearsthanforsomespecificoutstandingact.Second,theyweretrainedtodo

thejobtheydooutinthestreets,nottofilloutforms.Allthroughtheircareeritisthe

arrestsandinterventionsthatgetnoticed.[C]"I'vegotarealproblemwithmyofficers.

Theycomeontheforceasyoung,inexperiencedmen,andwesendthemoutonthe