全國(guó)2024高考英語(yǔ)大一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題版主題語(yǔ)境Unit5工作與職業(yè)講義

PAGEPAGE27Unit5工作與職業(yè)Ⅰ.單詞拼法1.Thestudyraisesthepossibility(可能性)thatdietingisbadforyourhealth.2.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallenge(挑戰(zhàn))andinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.(2024·北京)3.Studentsareencouragedtotakecontrol(限制)oftheirownlearning,ratherthanjustdependingontheteacher.4.Todoso，itshouldhelptounderstandwhypeopleundertake(擔(dān)當(dāng))voluntaryworkandwhatkeepstheirinterestinthework.5.Inordertoimpressatajobinterview，youneedtobondwiththeinterviewer(主持面試者)rightaway.6.Catherinewassupposedtogowithme.Butshemayhavetoworkextra(額外的)hourstomorrow.7.Anygivenperformance(表演)takesatourbusfullofartists，technicalexperts，managers，musicians，orwriterstocreateanappealingpieceofart.8.Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositioned(使自己站在……)myselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.(2024·天津)9.Arecommendationletterisoftenyourearliestwrittencontactwithapotential(潛在的)employer,creatingacriticalfirstimpression.10.TheWorldAdolescentRoboticsCompetitionwillbeheldinTianjinattheendofJulyinordertopromote(推動(dòng))thedevelopmentofrobotics.(2024·天津)Ⅱ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.Theappointment(appoint)wasgiventoTom，mainlyforpoliticalreasons.2.Painters，digitalmediaexperts，photographers，bookingagentsandpromotersarehired(hire)tosellticketsandpromotetheevent.(2024·江蘇)3.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerally(general)furniturepiecessuchassofas，dinnertablesorbookshelves.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)4.Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC，withmanyseekingemployment(employ)inengineering，aviation，education，medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.(2024·北京)5.Becky,12atthetime，adjusted(adjust)tootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.6.He’sbeengivensixmonthstoliveifhedoesn’tquitdrinking(drink).7.Thearchitecture(architect)inthetowncentreisasuccessfulcombinationofoldandnew.8.HispresencemeantthatIhadanunexpectedteachingassistant(assist)inclasswhosecreativitywouldinfectotherstudents.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)9.Theyalsoprovideeducational(educate)programsonfiresafetyintheresidencehalls.(2024·天津)10.Overtheyears，therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesigners(design)approachthisimportantpoint.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.eq\f(Judged,Judging)byhislastletter，shemustbefromShanghai.2.SternputTravisinthechargeoftheresearchteam.3.Alltrafficcontrollersarethreateningtogoonastrike.4.I’mlookingforwardtoeq\f(visit,visiting)theartgallerynextweek.5.Ourteacherrequiredthatweeq\f(paid,pay)attentiontoourhandwriting.Ⅳ.選詞填空eq\x(meetwith，beoccupiedwith，layoff，lookahead，applyfor，huntfor，handover，takeon)1.LearningyourkeeninterestinChineseculture，IsuggestyouapplyforPekingUniversity，oneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.(2024·北京)2.Aswelookahead，let’srememberwhatintheendwe’reworkingtoachieve.3.Iwasoccupiedwithgoingovermylessonsformyfinalexamwhenhephonedtoinvitemeoutfordinner.4.Withinashorttime，however，theburdenofcaringfortheanimalishandedovertotheparents.5.Iwatchedforthedesertsunsets，andhuntedforseashellsthathadbeenlefttheremillionsofyearsagowhenthesandsofthedeserthadbeenanoceanfloor.(2024·浙江)6.SuchisDad—whateverproblemhemeetswith，henevergivesup.7.Shortlyaftersufferingfromalargeearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins，thecitytookonanewlook.8.Thefactorylaidoff100workerslastmonthbecauseofthebadsituation.Ⅴ.同義詞語(yǔ)替換1.Carolinedoesn’thaveagiftformusic，butshemakesupforitwithhardwork.musicalability2.Owenscameinandtookcontrolofthesituation.tookchargeof3.Spaceexplorationmayhelpusavoidpossibleissuesonearth.potentialproblems4.Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothingwillbeachievedunlessweworkwelleration5.Thequestionsinajobinterviewareusuallydesignedtofindouthowthecandidateshandlethetrickysituationsinthepast.dealwith6.Healwaysdreamsofbecominganexpertinthefieldofagriculture.intheareaofapplyvt.涂；敷；應(yīng)用；運(yùn)用vi.申請(qǐng)；懇求；運(yùn)用；用心致志(1)apply(tosb.)forsth.(向某人)申請(qǐng)某物applyto適用于applysth.tosth.把某物應(yīng)用/涂抹于……applyoneselfto致力于/集中精力于……(2)applicationn.申請(qǐng)(書(shū))；應(yīng)用applicantn.申請(qǐng)人(1)Thenewtechnology，ifapplied(apply)toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.(2)Applicants(apply)arerequiredtohaveadegreeindancearea，teachingexperienceataprofessionalorcollegelevel，abilitytodirectandteachstagemovement.(2024·河南南陽(yáng)模擬)(3)Hehasappliedtotheschoolforscholarship.[句式升級(jí)](4)Ifyouapplyyourselftothejobinhand，you’llsoonfinishit.①Applyingyourselftothejobinhand，you’llsoonfinishit.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))②Applyyourselftothejobinhand，andyou’llsoonfinishit.(用“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”改寫(xiě))eq\x(appointvt.任命；委派；支配，確定時(shí)間、地點(diǎn))(1)appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人為……appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事(2)appointmentn.約會(huì)；預(yù)約；任命，委任byappointment依據(jù)約定have/make/fixanappointment(withsb.)(與某人)預(yù)約/約會(huì)keep/breakanappointment守/違約(3)appointedadj.指定的；約定的(1)Themanagerappointedhimtoreceive(receive)thebusinessman.(2)Theyignoredtheappointed(appoint)timeandlefttheirhomesonlyafterthefixedtime.(3)—Goodmorning，MrLee’soffice.—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment(appoint)fornextWednesdayafternoon.(2024·北京)(4)Anewengineerwasappointed(appoint)todealwiththeproductsreturnedbycustomers.(2024·北京西城區(qū)模擬)[句式升級(jí)](5)Hewasappointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday.Heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))Appointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday，heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥表示委任某人擔(dān)當(dāng)某職務(wù)時(shí)，要分清兩種狀況：(1)若指的是抽象的職位(如position，office，presidency，chairmanship等)，則用“appointsb.to＋抽象職位”。(2)若指的是具體的某職位(如headmaster，manager，chairman，president等)，則用“appointsb.(tobe/as)＋具體職位”。如：Whoshallweappoint(tobe/as)chairmanoftheclub？＝Whoshallweappointtothechairmanshipoftheclub？我們派誰(shuí)擔(dān)當(dāng)俱樂(lè)部的主席呢？eq\x(earnvt.掙得；賺得；得到；博得)(1)earnone’sliving謀生earnsb.sth.使某人得到……(2)earningsn.收入；工資；利潤(rùn)(1)Thecompany’searnings(earn)havedroppedby5%inthefirstquarter.公司第一季度的利潤(rùn)下降了5%。(2)Heusedtoearnhislivingbyfishing.他過(guò)去靠打漁為生。(3)Hishonestyhasearnedhimrespect.他的誠(chéng)懇已經(jīng)為他自己贏得了敬重。eq\x(employvt.雇用；利用時(shí)間、精力等)(1)employsb.todo...雇用某人做……employ...as...雇用……當(dāng)……employoneselfin(doing)...從事……，忙于……beemployedin(doing)...從事……，忙于……(2)employmentn.雇用；職業(yè)；就業(yè)inemployment在業(yè)，有工作outofemployment失業(yè)(3)employern.雇主，老板e(cuò)mployeen.雇工，雇員(1)Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployees(employ)enjoytheirwork.(2)Johnhasbeenoutofemployment(失業(yè))forthreeyears.[句式升級(jí)](3)Hewasemployedinreadingandhedidn’tseeTomcomein.①Employedinreading，hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))②Employinghimselfinreading，hedidn’tseeTomcomein.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))hirevt.雇用；租用n.[U]租用；雇用(1)hireout出租(2)onhire已出租forhire供出租(1)Atwork，itisIQthatgetsyouhired(hire)butitisEQthatgetsyoupromoted.(2)Thereisagrowingtendencyamongemployerstohire(hire)casualstaff.(3)Thereweremotorcyclesforhire.eq\x(informvt.告知；通知；了解；熟識(shí))(1)informsb.of/aboutsth.通知某人某事informsb.that...通知某人……(2)informedadj.消息靈通的；見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的keepsb.informedof/about...隨時(shí)通知某人……；使某人知道……(1)OnMarch19，Dennisgotagrouptextinforming(inform)himthatacouplehedidn’tknowwereatthehospital，waitingforthearrivalofababy.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅲ)(2)Hehasbeeninformed(inform)thathedoesn’tqualifyforthescholarshipbecauseofhisacademicbackground.(2024·江蘇)(3)ItwasconsiderateofMichaeltoinformusof/about(通知我們……)hisdelayincasewegotworried.(4)[同義句改寫(xiě)]Heinformedthecompanyoftheship’ssafearrival.(改為復(fù)合句)→Heinformedthecompanythattheshiphadarrivedsafely.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥inform后不接雙賓語(yǔ)，也不用于informsth.tosb.。要表示“告知某人某事”，通常用informsb.of/aboutsth.。inform的賓語(yǔ)通常只能是人，所以當(dāng)后接從句時(shí)，其前的sb.不能省略。eq\x(promotev.促進(jìn)；提升；宣揚(yáng)；促銷(xiāo))eq\x(promotionn.提升，晉級(jí)；促銷(xiāo)產(chǎn)品)(1)Sheworkedhardandwaspromoted(promote)fromasaleswomantoamiddlemanager.(2)Whilewaitingfortheopportunitytogetpromoted(promote)，Henrydidhisbesttoperformhisduty.[熟詞生義]選擇句子中promote的漢語(yǔ)意思(3)Theyarepromotingtheirnewproductsontelevision.AA.推銷(xiāo)；促銷(xiāo)B.促進(jìn)C.提升eq\x(recommendvt.舉薦；勸說(shuō)；建議)(1)recommendsth.tosb.向某人舉薦某物recommendsb.for/as/tobe...舉薦某人為……recommenddoingsth.建議(勸說(shuō))做某事recommendsb.todosth.勸說(shuō)某人做某事recommendthat...(should)do...建議……(2)recommendationn.舉薦；建議；介紹信(1)Canyourecommendagooddictionarytome?(2)Iwouldneverrecommendusing(use)asunbedonaregularbasis.(3)Iwillbegladifyoucanconsidermyrecommendation(recommend).[一句多譯](4)我建議他買(mǎi)這本書(shū)。①I(mǎi)recommendhimtobuythisbook.②Irecommendthathe(should)buythisbook.[同義句改寫(xiě)](5)Whatisrecommendedintheregulationisthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.→Itisrecommendedintheregulationthatoneshouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofhis/here-mailaccount.eq\x(responsibilityn.責(zé)任；職責(zé)；義務(wù))(1)takeresponsibilityfor對(duì)……有責(zé)任；對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)Itissb.’sresponsibilitytodosth.做……是某人的職責(zé)。asenseofresponsibility責(zé)任感(2)responsibleadj.負(fù)責(zé)的，牢靠的；負(fù)有責(zé)任的，應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任的beresponsiblefor對(duì)(某行為)負(fù)責(zé)；是……的緣由(1)It’simportanttoteachyourteenhowtobehaveresponsibly(responsible).(2)Itwasherresponsibilitythatallmembers(should)beinformed(inform).(3)[同義句改寫(xiě)]Wearetheoneswhoareresponsibleforourlifeandfuture.→Wearetheoneswhotakeresponsibilityforourlifeandfuture.[熟詞生義]選擇句子中responsible的漢語(yǔ)意思(4)Thechemicalisdirectlyresponsibleforthosedeaths.CA.盡責(zé)的B.懂道理的C.引起……的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥responsibility后接that從句時(shí)，從句通常要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)do。eq\x(requirev.要求；須要)(1)requiresth.ofsb.要求某人某事requiresb.todosth.要求某人做某事sth.require(s)doing/tobedone某事須要……Itisrequiredthat...(should)do...要求……(2)requirementn.要求；必要條件；須要meet/satisfyone’srequirements滿足某人的要求(1)Theminimumrequirement(require)forthepostwasadegreeinengineering.(2)Theywererequiredtogive(give)quickresponses.(3)Hishouserequiresrepairing/toberepaired(repair).(4)Itisrequiredthatallmembers(should)be(be)present.(5)Thenewtaskrequireshardeffortsofus.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥(1)require表示“須要”，接含有被動(dòng)意義的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，不定式用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，而動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，即requiretobedone或requiredoing。(2)require后的賓語(yǔ)從句，requirement后的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句通常要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)do形式。eq\x(quitv.停止；離開(kāi)；辭職；退學(xué))quitdoing...停止做……quitoffice/one’sjob離職quitschool輟學(xué)(1)Doctorsaredoingresearchtofindoutwhathappensphysicallywhenpeoplequitsmoking(smoke).醫(yī)生正在做探討，以找出人們戒煙時(shí)身體會(huì)發(fā)生什么。(2)Theboyquittedschoolandfoundajobtosupporthisfamily.那個(gè)男孩輟學(xué)了，找了份工作養(yǎng)家。(3)Hesaidthatifhequitthejob，hewouldlosehisdrivetoworkandsucceed.(2024·浙江)他說(shuō)假如辭職，他就會(huì)失去工作和取得勝利的動(dòng)力。[熟詞生義]選擇句子中quit的漢語(yǔ)意思(4)HequittedParisafteramonth.CA.中斷B.償清C.離開(kāi)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥quit后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，不能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)。eq\x(beoccupiedwith忙于，從事)(1)beoccupied(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事keepsb.occupied使某人勞碌(2)occupyoneselfwithsth./(in)doingsth.忙于(做)某事(3)occupationn.工作；職業(yè)；占據(jù)(1)Teachinganddoinghouseworkkeepheroccupied(occupy)everyday.(2)IsupposeIwaslookingforanoccupation(occupy)whichwasgoingtobeanadventure.(3)[一句多譯]當(dāng)我進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，學(xué)生們正忙著做作業(yè)。①WhenIcamein，thestudentswereoccupiedwith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(occupied)②WhenIcamein，thestudentswereoccupyingthemselveswith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(occupy)③WhenIcamein，thestudentswerebusywith/(in)doingtheirhomework.(busy)eq\x(lookforwardto盼望；期盼to為介詞)lookdownon/upon看不起lookinto調(diào)查；探討；向……里面看lookthrough閱讀；細(xì)致查看；審核lookup向上看；查閱lookupto敬重，仰慕lookbackon回憶，回顧lookat凝視；看待(1)Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtellmemoreinformationabouttheactivity.I’mlookingforwardtoreceiving(receive)yourearliestreply.(2)Thedaythathehadbeenlookingforwardtocame(come)atlast.(3)Helookedforwardtosee(see)whowasmakingaloudnoiseinthecrowd.eq\x(takeon呈現(xiàn)；擔(dān)當(dāng)；雇用；接受)takeafter與……相像，效仿takefor把……當(dāng)成……；誤以為takein汲取，接納；理解，領(lǐng)悟；欺瞞takeoff脫下；(飛機(jī)等)起飛；(事業(yè)等)騰飛；大受歡迎takeover接管，接任takeup占據(jù)；起先處理，從事；起先做；接著[依據(jù)語(yǔ)境用take短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空](1)ShetookupthestorywhereTimhadleftoff.(2)Don’tbetakeninbytheadvertisement.Itdoesn’ttellthetruth.(3)Lastyear，hissontookoverthefamilybusinessafterhisdeath.(4)HersingingcareertookoffafterherTVappearance.(5)Shereallytakesafterhermother.Theyseemlikesisters.(6)Someinsectstakeonthecolouroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.eq\x(takechargeof掌管表動(dòng)作)(1)inchargeof掌管(表狀態(tài))inthechargeof被……掌管；由……負(fù)責(zé)freeofcharge(＝forfree)免費(fèi)(2)chargesb.with(doing)sth.＝accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控某人犯……罪chargesb.somemoneyforsth.因某物收某人錢(qián)(1)Sheischargedwithmurderingherhusband./Sheisaccusedofmurderingherhusband.(2)Hechargedme20yuanforthepostcard.(3)[同義句改寫(xiě)]MrBellisinchargeoftheclass.①TheclassisinthechargeofMrBell.(用theclass作主語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))②MrBelltakeschargeoftheclass.(用takechargeof改寫(xiě))易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥類似inchargeof，inthechargeof的短語(yǔ)：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(incontrolof限制,inthecontrolof由……限制))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(inpossessionof擁有,inthepossessionof被……擁有))I’dappreciateitifyouwouldgivemetheopportunity.I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.假如你給我這次機(jī)會(huì)我將感謝不盡，盼望你早日答復(fù)。eq\x(句型：it作形式賓語(yǔ))(1)此處的it為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。(2)在英語(yǔ)中，某些表示“喜、怒、哀、樂(lè)”的動(dòng)詞，如enjoy，hate，love，like，dislike，appreciate，prefer等接when/if引導(dǎo)的從句作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把賓語(yǔ)從句放在it之后。(3)seeto，dependon，counton等由動(dòng)詞和介詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，先加形式賓語(yǔ)it，再接that從句。(1)Iwillappreciateitifyoucanreplytomyletteratyourearliestconvenience.(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)假如你能在你便利的時(shí)候盡快給我回信我將不勝感謝。(2)Youcandepend/relyonitthathewillcompletethetaskontime.你要信任他會(huì)按時(shí)完成任務(wù)的。Idohopethechanceiscomingquitesoon.我真心希望機(jī)會(huì)快快到來(lái)。eq\x(句型公式：do表示強(qiáng)調(diào))“do/does/did＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，意為“的確，的確”，用來(lái)加強(qiáng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣，但須符合以下條件：(1)句子是確定句；(2)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)；(3)只能用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，若強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等，則應(yīng)用Itis/was...that/who...進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。(1)Hedoesenjoylisteningtoclassicalmusic.他的確喜愛(ài)聽(tīng)古典音樂(lè)。(2)Docomethisevening.今日晚上確定要來(lái)呀。(3)Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他的確給你寫(xiě)信了。(2024·浙江)HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.31Butwiththesetips，yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.·Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory，thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample，ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica，youmightask，“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica？”32·Hitthestreetswithconfidence.33Say，“Excuseme，IworkforXYZNews，andIwaswonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.·Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Don’tgetdiscouraged.·34Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes.Assoonasyougettheansweryouneed，moveontothenextperson.Makesurethatasyougofrominterviewtointerview，youaregettingavarietyofanswers.Ifeveryoneisgivingyouthesameanswer，youwon’tbeabletouseit.Asafenumberofinterviewstoconductisaboutsixtoten.35·Ifyournewsstationorschoolrequiresintervieweestosignreleaseformstoappearontheair，don’tleaveworkwithoutthem.A.Limityourtime.B.Asyouapproachpeople，bepolite.C.Ifyoudon’townacamera，youcanbuyone.D.Fornewreporters，thiscanseemlikeachallengingtask.E.Togetgoodandusefulresults，askthemthesamequestion.F.Thatnumberofinterviewsshouldgiveyoualltheanswersyouneed.G.Withaquestionlikethis，youwillgetmorethana“Yes”or“No”reply.31.答案D解析解本題可用句意推斷法。由空格后的But以及canbeeasy可以反推，該空講的應(yīng)當(dāng)是街頭采訪并非易事。選項(xiàng)D“對(duì)于新手記者，這可能像是一項(xiàng)有挑戰(zhàn)性的任務(wù)”符合語(yǔ)境。32.答案G解析解本題可用詞匯鎖定法。本段說(shuō)去采訪前要列出大約十個(gè)與采訪話題相關(guān)的問(wèn)題，并在空前給出例子“Whydoyouthink...？”，選項(xiàng)G中“Withaquestionlikethis”中的question指的就是這個(gè)問(wèn)句。33.答案B解析解本題可用關(guān)聯(lián)邏輯法?？崭窈蟮摹癊xcuseme”以及“Iwaswonderingifyoucould...”都體現(xiàn)了采訪者的禮貌。這與選項(xiàng)B“當(dāng)你接近人們時(shí)，要有禮貌”前后照應(yīng)。34.答案A解析解本題可用設(shè)題位置法。明顯，該空要填本段的段落小標(biāo)題。依據(jù)空格后的“你在街上的每次采訪都不應(yīng)超過(guò)非常鐘”可知進(jìn)行街頭采訪時(shí)要限制好時(shí)間。故選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。35.答案F解析解本題可用詞匯鎖定法。選項(xiàng)F“這一數(shù)量的采訪應(yīng)當(dāng)能給你所須要的全部答案”中的“Thatnumberofinterviews”與空格前的“Asafenumberofinterviewstoconduct(采訪的保險(xiǎn)數(shù)量)”前后照應(yīng)。Ⅰ.宏觀把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脈絡(luò)通過(guò)閱讀文章可知，本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講解并描述了進(jìn)行街頭隨機(jī)采訪的若干技巧。街頭采訪對(duì)于新手記者來(lái)說(shuō)可能是一大挑戰(zhàn)，但只要依據(jù)作者在文章中提到的幾個(gè)技巧來(lái)做，你也可以完備地完成任務(wù)。本文實(shí)行的是“總——分”結(jié)構(gòu)形式：第一段提出論點(diǎn)：街頭采訪對(duì)于新手記者來(lái)說(shuō)可能是一大挑戰(zhàn)，但只要依據(jù)作者在文章中提到的幾個(gè)技巧來(lái)做，你也可以完備地完成任務(wù)。后面幾段是作者提出的五條建議的具體內(nèi)容。Ⅱ.微觀排障——長(zhǎng)難句分析Theman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.句式分析：該句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，其中inwhich引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。翻譯：街頭采訪是指記者帶著一名攝影師在街頭隨機(jī)采訪。Ⅲ.詞匯積累1.theman-on-the-streetinterview街頭采訪2.tipn.建議3.storyn.新聞報(bào)道4.thinkabout考慮，思索5.topicn.主題6.relateto與……有關(guān)7.environmentalprotection環(huán)境愛(ài)護(hù)8.warmup(使)活躍起來(lái)，(使)熱忱起來(lái)段首設(shè)空并不難，找準(zhǔn)主題句是關(guān)鍵本文34題屬于七選五閱讀題中最常見(jiàn)的在段首設(shè)空的題目，那么選擇的通常是段落主題句。細(xì)致閱讀后文內(nèi)容，依據(jù)段落一樣性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關(guān)的詞，推斷出主題句。本題我們依據(jù)空格后一句“Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’tbelongerthantenminutes.”可知這段要求我們采訪時(shí)要限制時(shí)間。故A項(xiàng)為本段主題句。當(dāng)七選五閱讀題在句首設(shè)空時(shí)，還可能存在以下兩種狀況：1.屬于段落間的過(guò)渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找提示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾能夠有機(jī)地連接起來(lái)，并結(jié)合下一段內(nèi)容，看所選的答案是否能將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來(lái)。2.與后文是并列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一、二句，鎖定線索信號(hào)詞，然后在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)特征詞。通常正確答案的最終一句與空白后的第一句在意思上是緊密連接的，因此這兩句之間會(huì)有某種連接手段，尤其是當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是幾句話時(shí)。比如，假如選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)時(shí)間、年頭時(shí)，往往要留意與原文中年頭的前后對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。(2024·全國(guó)Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(識(shí)別)thoseof61.greater(great)andlessimportance.Then，handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof62.achievement(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow63.is(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused64.onourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So，getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive65.aspossiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent66.studies(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks67.regularly(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor68.awhile，exercising，ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice，you’llbelesslikely69.tobring(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—butwhateveritis,70.make(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.61.答案greater解析考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。依據(jù)后面的andless可知，此處也要用比較級(jí)形式。62.答案achievement解析考查名詞的用法。固定表達(dá)senseofachievement“成就感”。63.答案is解析考查主謂一樣和時(shí)態(tài)。本句的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)leavingtheless...，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式，且這里說(shuō)的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)，故要用is。64.答案on解析考查介詞的用法。許多人早晨的留意力要比晚些時(shí)候的留意力更集中。固定短語(yǔ)befocusedon“用心于，集中于”。65.答案as解析考查固定表達(dá)。正是因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)绯康牧粢饬Ω鼮榧?，所以我們要早點(diǎn)兒起先，在午餐前盡可能地做到高效。固定表達(dá)as...aspossible“盡可能……”。66.答案studies解析考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。依據(jù)后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞show可知，主語(yǔ)應(yīng)當(dāng)是復(fù)數(shù)形式。67.答案regularly解析考查副詞的用法。假如我們定時(shí)短暫休息的話。此處修飾動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)takeshortbreaks，故要用副詞形式。68.答案a解析考查不定冠詞的用法。讓你的身體和大腦休息一會(huì)兒。固定表達(dá)forawhile“一會(huì)兒”。69.答案tobring解析考查不定式的用法。固定表達(dá)belikelytodo...“很可能做某事”。70.答案make解析考查祈使句。依據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為祈使句，故謂語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)詞原形。Ⅰ.宏觀把握——抓住主旨大意，理清文章脈絡(luò)通過(guò)閱讀文章可知本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹的是當(dāng)我們?cè)诠ぷ髦懈械綁毫薮髸r(shí)，應(yīng)當(dāng)如何合理地釋放這些壓力。內(nèi)容涉及優(yōu)先處理最重要的事情；上午盡量保持高效；工作期間定時(shí)短暫休息等。在解題時(shí)緊緊圍繞這條主線，速讀全文，駕馭大意，理順邏輯，然后細(xì)讀文章做題。文章的脈絡(luò)如下：Ⅱ.微觀排障——長(zhǎng)難句分析Itcouldbeanything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—butwhateveritis，makesureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.句式分析：該句是一個(gè)but連接的并列句，在其次個(gè)分句中whatever引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。翻譯：這可能是任何事情——園藝勞動(dòng)、做飯、聽(tīng)音樂(lè)、體育熬煉——但是無(wú)論是什么，切記從日常壓力中解脫出來(lái)而不是去擔(dān)憂另一件事。Ⅲ.詞匯積累1.feelstressed感到有壓力2.responsibilityn.責(zé)任3.taskn.任務(wù)4.asenseofachievement成就感5.befocusedon用心于，集中于6.productiveadj.具有創(chuàng)建性的，效率高的7.as...aspossible盡可能……8.getthrough度過(guò)9.takeshortbreaks短暫休息10.belikelytodo...很可能做某事有根可尋——攻克提示類語(yǔ)法填空1.括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是動(dòng)詞首先，推斷要填的動(dòng)詞是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。然后依據(jù)以下兩點(diǎn)進(jìn)行思索。(1)若句中沒(méi)有別的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，或者雖然已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但需填的動(dòng)詞與之是并列關(guān)系時(shí)，所給動(dòng)詞就是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；若是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，就要考慮時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。(2)若句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但所填詞不是并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，就要填所給動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式；若是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要確定是v.-ing形式，v.-ed形式，還是不定式形式。確定的方法主要有：①作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用v.-ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般狀況，用不定式表示具體狀況。②作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常用分詞，若與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞(v.-ing)；若是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞(v.-ed)。③作目的狀語(yǔ)、形容詞后的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般用不定式。2.括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是形容詞或副詞(1)假如括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是形容詞，一般是考查副詞，即要變成副詞形式；假如括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是副詞，一般是考查形容詞，即要變成形容詞形式。(2)有時(shí)也要依據(jù)語(yǔ)境推斷是否要變成名詞形式或否定含義。(3)比較等級(jí)通常有表示范圍的in/of介詞短語(yǔ)或形容詞前有the時(shí)，一般要用最高級(jí)；than的前面確定要用比較級(jí)。3.括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是名詞(1)假如空格是在冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、不定代詞、名詞全部格或形容詞之后，則應(yīng)考慮填名詞。但不要遺忘考慮名詞是否變復(fù)數(shù)。(2)當(dāng)括號(hào)內(nèi)供應(yīng)的是名詞時(shí)，還可能考查形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等。4.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題詞性的推斷主要是通過(guò)分析句子的成分來(lái)確定。一般狀況下可以作如下分析：(1)表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)一般由形容詞充當(dāng)，有時(shí)也可以是動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞等。(2)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，作狀語(yǔ)，用副詞形式。(3)作主語(yǔ)，或在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語(yǔ)，用名詞或動(dòng)名詞形式。(4)在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(＋形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。(2024·全國(guó)Ⅰ)假定你是李華，暑假想去一家外資公司兼職，已寫(xiě)好申請(qǐng)書(shū)和個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷(resume)。給外教MsJenkins寫(xiě)信，請(qǐng)她幫你修改所附材料的文字和格式(format)。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。審題謀篇第一步明確要求本篇是一篇書(shū)信類的應(yīng)用文，要求是以李華的身份給外教MsJenkins寫(xiě)一封信，請(qǐng)她幫助修改自己的申請(qǐng)書(shū)和個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷。文章沒(méi)有給出開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾，所以要留意書(shū)信的格式，包括稱呼語(yǔ)、正文以及結(jié)束語(yǔ)等。寫(xiě)作時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)以及現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)要交替運(yùn)用，人稱以第一人稱為主。其次步確定段落寫(xiě)這篇文章時(shí)，可分三段來(lái)寫(xiě)：第一段：告知MsJenkins自己的支配并尋求她的幫助；其次段：具體描述自己的支配，并請(qǐng)MsJenkins修改自己的申請(qǐng)書(shū)和個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷；第三段：再次客氣地懇求幫助。第三步提煉要點(diǎn)1.即將到來(lái)的暑假thecomingsummervacation2.減輕某人的負(fù)擔(dān)reduceone’sburden3.一份兼職工作apart-timejob4.申請(qǐng)表/信applicationform5.個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷personalresume6.吸引某人的眼球catchone’seye7.參考/查閱referto8.改正錯(cuò)誤correctmistakes9.假如您能幫我……，我將不勝感謝I’dappreciateitifyoucouldhelpme...10.盼望……lookforwardto...第四步句式升級(jí)1.我想到一家外資公司找一份兼職工作以便掙點(diǎn)額外的錢(qián)來(lái)減輕家庭負(fù)擔(dān)。(一般表達(dá))Iwanttogotoaforeigncapitalcompanytofindapart-timejobtoearnsomeextramoneyandreducemyfamily’sburden.(句式升級(jí))Inordertoearnsomeextramoneyandreducemyfamily’sburden，I’dliketogotoaforeigncapitalcompanytofindapart-timejob.2.假如您能幫助我修改它們我將不勝感謝。(一般表達(dá))I’dbegratefultoyouifyoucouldhelpme.(句式升級(jí))I’dappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmerevisethem.連句成篇DearMsJenkins，IwanttotellyousomethingaboutmyplanforthecomingsummervacationandI’mwritingtoaskyouforsomehelp.Inordertoearnsomeextramoneyandreducemyfamily’sburden，I’dliketogotoaforeigncapitalcompanytofindapart-timejob.I’vefinishedtheapplicationformandpersonalresume.ButI’mnotsureiftheyarewrittenwellenoughtocatchtheireye.Pleaserefertotheattachmentswhichincludetheapplicationformandresume.Youcancorrectanymistakesyoufindinthem.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmerevisethem.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely，LiHuaⅠ.閱讀理解話題：工作與職業(yè)難度星級(jí)：☆(2024·黑龍江大慶質(zhì)檢一)VisitorCodeofConductPleasehelpusmaintainahealingenvironmentforourpatients.Visitinghoursandpoliciesvarythroughoutthehospital.Pleaseaskastaffmemberaboutthepolicyontheunityouwishtovisit.Weaskthatyouobeythefollowingvisitorrules：*Donotvisitifyouaresickfever，cough，sorethroat，nausea，orvomitingorhavebeenexposedtochickenpox水痘orotherinfectiousillnesseswithinthepastthreeweeks.*Cleanyourhandseachtimeyouenterandleavethepatient’sroom.*Followisolationprecautions隔離預(yù)防措施thatarepostedonthedoorofpatient’sroom.*Donottouchpatient’sequipment，patient’swounds，orbandageswhilevisiting.*Youmustwearshoesandshirtsatalltimes.Clothingmustbecleanandneat.*Visitorsarelimitedtotwoperpatienteachtime.*Donotusewaitingroomsonaunitifyouarenotvisitingapatientinthatunit.*Waitingroomsarenotforovernightstays.*Childrenmusthaveadultsupervisionatalltimesandmustberespectfulofthehospital’shealingenvironment.Someunitsdonotallowchildren’svisiting.Youwillbeaskedtoleaveforbreakinganyoftheaboverulesorforthefollowing：*Yourbehaviorcreatesarisktopatients，familiesorstaffs.*Youappeartobeill.*Yourefusetofollowisolationprecautions.*Youarenotrespectfulorconsiderateofothers.*Youfailtosupervisechildren.Ifyoubelievesomeoneisviolatingtheserules，oryouneedassistance，pleasenotifysecuritybydialing7363onthehospitalphonesor813-844-7363onyourmobilephone.Securityisavailableatalltimes.Waitingareasaremonitoredatalltimesbyasecurityvideocamera.語(yǔ)篇解讀親屬摯友生病住院很讓人掛念，通過(guò)探視住院病人我們可以送去勸慰與祝愿，但是，為了病人更好地康復(fù)，不同的醫(yī)院里不同的科室都有自己的探視規(guī)則，文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹。1.Beforeyouvisitaunitinthehospital，whatshouldyoudo?A.Youshouldmakeanappointment.B.Youshouldaskpermissionfromthedoctor.C.Youshouldcheckthevisitingpolicy.D.Youshouldhaveyourclothesdisinfected.答案C解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第一段最終一句“Pleaseaskastaffmemberaboutthepolicyontheunityouwishtovisit.”可知，在去探望病人之前，你應(yīng)當(dāng)詢問(wèn)一下工作人員了解探視的政策。2.Whatarevisitorsallowedtodoaccordingtothecode?A.Touchpatient’sequipment.B.Visitpatientsingroupsoftwo.C.Stayovernightinthewaitingroom.D.Changeintoslippersinthepatient’sroom.答案B解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中的“Visitorsarelimitedtotwoperpatienteachtime.”可知，每次限兩人探視病人。3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Childrencangotoanyunitiftheyaresupervised.B.Ifyouseemtobeill，youcanstillvisitunlessitisinfectious.C.Visitorswhobreaktheruleswillnotbeallowedtovisitagain.D.Youcanaskforsecurity’shelpatanytime.答案D解析細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)其次段最終一句“Securityisavailableatalltimes.”可知，如有平安問(wèn)題可以隨時(shí)求助。話題：個(gè)人狀況難度星級(jí)：☆☆(2024·河南適應(yīng)性測(cè)試)Istartedoutonmylifewithfewadvantages.Ididnotgraduatefromhighschool.Iworkedatmenial(枯燥的)jobs.Ihadlimitededucation，limitedskillsandalimitedfuture.AndthenIbeganasking，“Whyaresomepeoplemoresuccessfulthanothers？”Thisquestionchangedmylife.Overtheyears，Ihavereadthousandsofbooksandarticlesonthesubjectsofsuccessandachievement.Itseemsthatonequalitythatmostphilosophers，teachersandexpertsagreeonisself-discipline(自律).Someyearsago，IattendedaconferenceinWashington.ItwasthelunchbreakandIwaseatingatanearbyfoodfair.TheareawascrowdedandIsatdownatthelastopentablebymyself，eventhoughitwasatableforfour.Afewminuteslater，anoldgentlemancamealongcarryingatrayoffood，obviouslylookingforaplacetosit.Withplentyofroomatmytable，Iimmediatelyaroseandinvitedtheoldgentlemantojoinme.Webegantochatoverlunch.ItturnedoutthathisnamewasKopKopmeyer.Asithappened，Iimmediatelyknewwhohewas.Hewasalegend(傳奇)inthefieldofsuccessandachievement.KopKopmeyerhadwrittenfourlargebooks.Ihadreadallfourbooksfromcovertocover，morethanonce.Afterwehadchattedforawhile，Iaskedhimthequestionthatmanypeopleinthissituationwouldask，“Ofalltheonethousandsuccessprinciplesthatyouhavediscovered，whichdoyouthinkisthemostimportant？”Hesmiledatmewithatwinkleinhiseyes，asifhehadbeenaskedthisquestionmanytimes，andreplied，withouthesitation，“ThemostimportantsuccessprincipleofallwasstatedbyThomasHuxleymanyyearsago.Hesaid，‘Dowhatyoushoulddo，whenyoushoulddoit，whetheryoufeellikeitornot.’”Hewentontosay，“Thereare999othersuccessprinciplesthatIhavefoundinmyreadingandexperience，butwithoutself-discipline，noneofthemwork.”語(yǔ)篇解讀作者