浙江省寧波市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題 含解析

寧波市學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高考與選考模擬考試英語試卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題分,滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話.每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽完每段對(duì)話后,你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題.每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍.1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Husbandandwife.C.Fitnesscoachandcustomer.2.Whattimeisitnow?A.10:00a.m.B.10:10a.m.C.00a.m.3.Whyisthemansmiling?A.Hehasgotadinnerinvitation.B.Hehaswonalargesumofmoney.C.Hehasbeenadmittedtoauniversity.4.Whydoesthewomangotothebank?A.takeasurvey.B.openanaccount.C.makeacomplaint.5.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Singasong.B.music.C.Climbamountain.第二節(jié)（共小題;每小題分,滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間.每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.聽第6段材料,回答第、7題.6.Whatisthewoman'sopinionaboutonlinelearning?A.Shefindsitjustso-so.B.Sheenjoysitsbenefits.C.Shequestionsitsvalue.7.Whatconcernsthemanmostaboutonlinecourse?A.Thevariety.B.Theprice.C.Theconvenience.聽第7段材料,回答第8至題.第1頁/共23頁8.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Sunnyandrainy.B.andrainy.C.Sunnyandwindy.9.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cycling.B.Sitting.C.10.Whoisthewoman?A.Theman'swife.B.Theman'sfriend.C.Theman'sneighbor.聽第8段材料,回答第至題.Whatdoesthemanwantatfirst?A.Strawberries.B.Oranges.C.Pears.12.Howdoesthemanfeelrecently?A.Angry.B.Excited.C.Uncomfortable.13.Whatisthewoman'slastsuggestiontotheman?A.Seeingadoctor.B.Drinkingfruitjuice.C.Havingagoodsleep.聽第9段材料,回答第至題.14.Howmanycamerashopsarestillopenintown?A.One.B.C.Three.15.Whydoesthemanthinksomecamerashopswentoutofbusiness?A.Camerasareold-fashioned.B.Therearefewerphotographers.C.PeoplebuythingsontheInternet.16.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Lookafterhisfriend'kids.B.picturesforawedding.C.Appreciateplantsandanimals.聽第段材料,回答第至題.17.WhatisBradley?A.Afilmdirector.B.Acostumedesigner.C.Adirector'sassistant.18.WhatisBradleydoingnow?A.skillstoimproveacting.B.Givinginstructionsbeforefilming.C.Makingrulesforbackgroundactors.19.Howshouldactorshandletalkinginthescene?A.Speakoutnormally.B.Mouthwordssilently.C.Whispertoeachother.20.WhatuniformwillDavidbewearing?第2頁/共23頁A.Awaiteruniform.B.Apoliceuniform.C.Aschooluniform.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題;每小題分,滿分分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).APromoteyourleadershipwithStanfordLEAD,ourflagshiponlineprogram.Gaintheskillsandmindsettosucceedintoday’scomplexworld.bythesameworld-renownedStanfordGraduateSchoolofBusiness(GSB)whoteachinourmaprogram,LEADisayear-longexperientiallearningjourneythatenabledyoutounlockyourleadershippotential.Thishighlyflexible,adjustable,andactionableprogramhelpsyoubuildtheleadershipandinnovationskillsneededtodrivechange,solvereal-worldchallenge,andachieveyourpersonalandprofessionalgoals.ThroughStanfordGSB’innovativeandacademically-thoroughonlinecurriculum,you’lltackleyourownreal-worldobstaclebyintegratingcourseconceptswithdailybusinesschallengers.Theprogramprovidedauniqueopportunitytoexpandyourperspectivebyexchangingideaswithanincrediblydiverseglobalgroupofpeers,whilereceivingpersonalized,practicalfeedbackfromStanfordGSBprofessors,courseadvisers,andclassmatethroughoutyourlearningjourney.●Mid-orsenior-levelprofessionalscommittedtoadoptingcreativestrategiestoadvanceorganizations’leadership.●Engagedleaderspassionatefordevelopingmanagementskillstobetterteamperformance.●Emergingleadersfocusingonup-leveringtheircareerpathandmasterthefoundationsofimpactfulleadership.Theapplicationprocessrequiredyoutocompletethreecomponents:theonlineapplication,ashortessay,andanonlinevideo&programfeeincludestuitionandcoursematerials.Fessaresubjecttochange,asareprograms,dates,andprofessors.Uponadmission,paymentdetailsincludinganonlinepaymentlinkwillbesentbyemail.Fullpaymentconfirmsyouradmission.Paymentisacceptedbybankwiretransferorcreditcard.1.WhatcanwebeamaboutLEAD?第3頁/共23頁A.Iton-campuscoursed.B.ItisaStanfordmaprogram.C.Itfocusesontheoreticallearning.D.Itaimstoimproveleadershipskills.2.Whowillapplyforthisprogram?A.Newteachers.B.Retiredprofessors.C.Graduatingstudents.D.Ambitiousmanagers.3.Whatisstatedaboutfeds&Payment?A.Programfedsmightvary.B.fedsexcludecoursematerials.C.Cashpaymentisacceptable.D.Paymentisduebeforeapplication.【答案】1.D2.D3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇關(guān)于斯坦福大學(xué)旗艦在線項(xiàng)目——LEAD的宣傳文案?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“PromoteyourleadershipwithStanfordLEAD,ourflagshiponlineprogram.Gaintheskillsandmindsettosucceedintoday’scomplexworld.(通過我們的旗艦在線項(xiàng)目StanfordLEAD提升您的領(lǐng))”可知，StanfordLEADD?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WhoShouldAttend?部分“Mid-orsenior-levelprofessionalscommittedtoadoptingcreativestrategiestoadvanceorganizations’leadership.(致力于采用創(chuàng)造性策略提升組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的中高層專業(yè)人士。)”和“Engagedleaderspassionatefordevelopingmanagementskillstobetterteamperformance.(致力于發(fā)展管理技能以提高團(tuán)隊(duì)績(jī)效的敬業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。)”以及“Emergingleadersfocusingonup-leveringtheircareerpathandmasterthefoundationsofimpactfulleadership.(新興領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者專注于提升自己的職業(yè)道路，掌握有影響力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的基礎(chǔ)。)”可知，有抱負(fù)的管理者會(huì)申請(qǐng)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。故選D?！?題詳解】&部分“Feesaresubjecttochange,asareprograms,dates,andprofessors.(費(fèi)用可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化，課程、日期和教授也是如此。)”可知，關(guān)于費(fèi)用和支付，說明了項(xiàng)目費(fèi)用可能會(huì)有所不同。故選A。BMyfingerstrembledasIsignedthepre-medicalapplicationform.Thewatercolorbrushesonmydeskstaredbackatmelikeabandonedfriends.I’mLora,an18-year-oldwhosecretlydrewbraindiagramsonnapkinswhileclassmatedrewcartoons.“Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvethebody,”Momalwayssaid.Herwordshauntedmeasmy第4頁/共23頁biologytextbooksslowlyburiedmydrawingpads.Thencametheschoolcareerfairthatchangedeverything.Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour“hiddenskills”MyhandshookasIwrote“observingdetails”somethingI’dlearnedfrompaintingflowerpetals.“That’smedicalresearch’smostneededskill!”sheexclaimed,sharinghowastudentturnedmicrobiologynotesintotextbookillustrations.Mylabpartnerwhispered,“Rememberourphotosynthesis(光合作用)comic?”Forthefirsttime,mytwoworldsdidn’tfeelsoseparate.Therealsurprisecameduringhospitalvolunteering.surgeries,Inoticedsomething-thesteadyhandsofdoctorsremindedmeofmybrushwork.Whenaboystruggledtodescribehispain,Idrewafire-breathingdragononhiscast.mademedicinespeak,”thenursesaid.Slowly,mydrawingpadsfilledwithcellsthatlookedlikecolored-glassartandX-raysarrangedlikeabstractpaintings.Mr.Dawsonourcareercounselor,helpedconnectthesedots.Onhiswhiteboard,mymedicalknowledgeandartskillsoverlappedinabrightyellowcirclelabeled“MedicalIllustration”HeshowedmejoblistingsIneverknewexisted—graphicdesignersforsciencealps,3Dmodelersforanatomy(解剖)classes.impracticalskillmakesyoustandout,”hesaid,pointingtomydragondrawingnowusedinpainmanagementworkshops.mymicroscopeandpaintbrushessharethesamedesk.Thesamehandsthatoncehesitatedbetweenthemnowcreate3Dmodelsofvirusesforvaccineeducation.SometimesIteachyoungpatientstodrawtheirfeelingsinsteadofdescribingthem.Mystoryisn’taboutheartandrealitycancellingeachotherout—theyjustmultiplypossibilities.4.WhatcanbeinferredaboutLorafromparagraph1?A.Shehadgivenupthehobbyofdrawing.B.Shewasexcitedaboutstudyingmedicine.C.Shefelttornbetweenartandmedicalstudy.D.Sheregrettednotpracticingpaintingearlier.5.Dr.EleanorthoughtofLora’s“hiddenskills”as______.A.aplusB.aleisureC.adistractionD.aburden6.HowdidLora’shospitalexperienceinfluenceher?A.Ithelpeddevelophersurgicalskills.B.Itdirectedhertowarddoctortraining.C.Itboostedherenthusiasmforabstractart.D.Itconvincedherofart’sroleinhealthcare.7.Whatmessagedoestheauthorwanttoconvey?A.Followthebeatentracktosuccess.B.Apictureisworthathousandwords.C.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.D.stringstoyourbowlighttheway.第5頁/共23頁【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Lora在藝術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)研究之間徘徊，最終找到藝術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)結(jié)合點(diǎn)——醫(yī)學(xué)插畫的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MyfingerstrembledasIsignedthepre-medicalapplicationform.Thewatercolorbrushesonmydeskstaredbackatmelikeabandonedfriends.(當(dāng)我簽署醫(yī)學(xué)院申請(qǐng)表時(shí)，我的手指在顫抖。我桌上的水彩筆像被遺棄的朋友一樣盯著我。)”以及““Artfeedsthesoulbutstarvethebody,”Momalwayssaid.Herwordshauntedmeasmybiologytextbooksslowlyburiedmydrawingpads.(挨餓，”媽媽總是說。當(dāng)我的生物課本慢慢埋葬了我的繪圖板時(shí)，她的話一直縈繞在我耳邊。)”可推知，Lora在藝術(shù)和醫(yī)學(xué)研究之間左右為難。故選C?！?題詳解】Dr.EleanorWhitmanfromHarvardaskedustolistour“hiddenskills”MyhandshookasIwrote“observingdetails”somethingI’dlearnedfrompaintingflowerpetals.“That’smedicalresearch’smostneededskill!”sheexclaimed,sharinghowastudentturnedmicrobiologynotesintotextbookillustrations.(來自哈佛大學(xué)的埃莉諾?惠特曼博士讓我們列出自己的“隱藏技能”。我的手在寫下“觀察細(xì)節(jié)”時(shí)顫抖著，這何把微生物學(xué)筆記轉(zhuǎn)化為教科書插圖的經(jīng)歷。)”可推知，埃莉諾博士認(rèn)為蘿拉的“隱藏技能”是一個(gè)加分項(xiàng)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Therealsurprisecameduringhospitalvolunteering.surgeries,Inoticedsomething-thesteadyhandsofdoctorsremindedmeofmybrushwork.Whenaboystruggledtodescribehispain,Idrewafire-breathingdragononhiscast.mademedicinespeak,”thenursesaid.Slowly,mydrawingpadsfilledwithcellsthatlookedlikecolored-glassartandX-raysarrangedlikeabstractpaintings.(真正的驚喜是在醫(yī)院做志愿者時(shí)出現(xiàn)的。看著手術(shù)，我注意到一些事情醫(yī)生們穩(wěn)定的雙手讓我想起了我的畫筆。當(dāng)一個(gè)我的繪圖板上畫滿了看起來像彩色玻璃藝術(shù)的細(xì)胞和像抽象畫的X光片。)Lora的醫(yī)院經(jīng)歷使她確信藝術(shù)在醫(yī)療保健中的作用。故選D。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“mymicroscopeandpaintbrushessharethesamedesk.Thesamehandsthat第6頁/共23頁oncehesitatedbetweenthemnowcreate3Dmodelsofvirusesforvaccineeducation.SometimesIteachyoungpatientstodrawtheirfeelingsinsteadofdescribingthem.Mystoryinaboutheartandrealitycancellingeachotherout—theyjustmultiplypossibilities.(今天，我的顯微鏡和畫筆共用一張桌子。曾經(jīng)在這兩者之間猶豫不決3D的故事是內(nèi)心和現(xiàn)實(shí)相互抵消——它們只是增加了可能性。)”可推知，作者想表達(dá)：多一種技能多一條出路。故選D。CGlobalsealevelscontinuetorisedespitethatcitiesaroundtheworldaremakingtoreducetheofclimatechangeandtheircarbonemissions.Onefirm,however,ishopingtobattletheofclimatechange.Drivenbyalarmingestimatedthat36.6millionpeopleinAsiancoastalcitieslikeMumbaicouldfacefloodingby2070,luckCurciArchitects,basedinItaly,hasreleasedFloatingCity—adesignthatwouldallowurbanareastorisewiththewaterswhilemakinguseofrenewableenergiestoreducetheirowncarbonemissions.Each25-acreunithouses50,000residentsoninterconnectedplatforms,withpotentialexpansionfor200,000andbuildingsarecappedat90meterstallforstability.“Structuremustbeflexiblelikebambooinwindtoresistwaves,”explainsarchitectCurci.achievethis,seawaterresistantmaterialsaregivenpriorityto,whilehollowsectionsinplatformshelpthemfloat.Meanwhile,movablebridgeareconstructedtolinkthese“waterneighborhoods”tomainlandtransportsystems.Theprojectteamalsoenvisionsamixofrenewableenergysourceextractingpowerfromwind,water,andthesuntopowerthecity.Duringextremeweather,platformsautomaticallyseparateandregroupusingintelligencealgorithmsinspiredbyhowfishschoolsavoidhunters.Comparedtobuildingartificialislands,thismethodpreserves68%moremarine(海洋)lifeandusessurfacedthatabsorbrainwatertoreducefloodingrisks.However,challengepersist.Seawaterslowlyharmsmaterials,requiringrepaireveryfourmonths,andemergencyplansforextremeweatherarestillunderway.“Thisisn’taboutabandoningcoastsbutevolvingwiththem,”notesdesignerau.Whilesomequestionlong-termpossibility,thedesignredefinesurbanresilience.Unlikerigidseawalls,thesedynamicstructureharmonizewithoceanicrhythms,offeringablueprintforclimatesolutions.“Citiesmustlearntodancewiththewaves,”Curcisays.Thisphilosophycouldtransformhumanity’srelationshipwithrisingseas,turningthreatsintosustainableopportunities.8.WhatdroveluckCurciArchitectstocomeupwithanewdesign?A.Energycrisis.B.Potentialdisasters.第7頁/共23頁C.expansion.D.Overcrowdedcities.9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedluckCurci'design?A.Fictionalandrenewable.B.Adaptableandinnovative.C.Eco-friendlyandimmovable.D.andconventional.10.AlimitationofluckCurci’designisthat____________A.itthreatensmarinelife.B.itlackscleanenergyoptions.C.itrequiredregularmaintenance.D.itignoredcoastalwaterchanges.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OceanProtection:LifeunderThreat.B.RisingwiththeFloatingCities.C.ConnectingtotheFuture:egoSolutions.D.CoastalDesign:InspirationfromBamboo.【答案】8.B9.B10.CB【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了意大利威尼斯的LuckCurci建筑事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)了一款名為“漂浮城市”的建筑，這種建筑可以隨著海平面上升而上升，同時(shí)利用可再生能源來減少自身的碳排放?！?題詳解】Drivenbyalarmingestimatedthat36.6millionpeopleinAsiancoastalcitieslikeMumbaicouldfacefloodingby2070,luckCurciArchitects,basedinItaly,hasreleasedFloatingCity—adesignthatwouldallowurbanareastorisewiththewaterswhilemakinguseofrenewableenergiestoreducetheirowncarbonemissions.(20703660萬人面臨洪水的威脅，總部位于意大利威尼斯的LuckCurci建筑事務(wù)所發(fā)布了“漂浮城市”的設(shè)計(jì)方案，該方案允許城市區(qū)域隨著水位上升而上升，同時(shí)利用可再生能源來減少自身的碳排放。)”可知，潛在的災(zāi)難促使LuckCurci建筑事務(wù)所想出了新的設(shè)計(jì)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““Structuremustbeflexiblelikebambooinwindtoresistwaves,”explainsarchitectCurci.achievethis,seawaterresistantmaterialsaregivenpriorityto,whilehollowsectionsinplatformshelpthemfloat.(Curci解釋道。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)，優(yōu)先考慮耐海水材料，而平臺(tái)的空心部分有助于它們漂浮。)”和第三段“Theprojectteamalsoenvisionsamixofrenewableenergysourceextractingpowerfromwind,water,andthesuntopowerthecity.Duringextremeweather,platformsautomaticallyseparateandregroupusingintelligencealgorithmsinspiredbyhowfishschoolsavoidhunters.(項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)還設(shè)想了一種可再生能源混合體，從風(fēng)、水和太陽中提取能量為城第8頁/共23頁市供電。在極端天氣下，平臺(tái)會(huì)利用受魚群如何躲避捕食者啟發(fā)的智能算法自動(dòng)分離并重新組合。)”可推知，LuckCurci的設(shè)計(jì)是適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新的。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“However,challengepersist.Seawaterslowlyharmsmaterials,requiringrepaireveryfourmonths,andemergencyplansforextremeweatherarestillunderway.(然而，挑戰(zhàn)依然存在。海水會(huì)慢慢腐蝕材料，需要每四個(gè)月修理一次，極端天氣的應(yīng)急計(jì)劃仍在進(jìn)行中。)”可知，LuckCurci設(shè)計(jì)的一個(gè)局限性是它需要定期維護(hù)。故選C。【題詳解】Drivenbyalarmingestimatedthat36.6millionpeopleinAsiancoastalcitieslikeMumbaicouldfacefloodingby2070,luckCurciArchitects,basedinItaly,hasreleasedFloatingCity—adesignthatwouldallowurbanareastorisewiththewaterswhilemakinguseofrenewableenergiestoreducetheirowncarbonemissions.(20703660萬人面臨洪水的威脅，總部位于意大利威尼斯的LuckCurci建筑事務(wù)所發(fā)布了“漂浮城市”的設(shè)計(jì)方案，該方案允許城市區(qū)域隨著水位上升而上升，同時(shí)利用可再生能源來減少自身的碳排放。)”和最后一段“Thisphilosophycouldtransformhumanity’srelationshipwithrisingseas,turningthreatsintosustainableopportunities.(這種哲學(xué)可以改變?nèi)祟惻c不斷上升的海平面的關(guān)系，將威脅轉(zhuǎn)化為可持續(xù)的機(jī)會(huì)。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了意大利威尼斯的LuckCurci建筑事務(wù)所設(shè)計(jì)了一款名為“漂浮城市”的建筑，這種建筑可以隨著海平面上升而上升，同時(shí)利用可再生能源來減少自身的碳排放。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“RisingwiththeFloatingCities(與潮汐一起上升：漂浮的城市)”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。DItislateatnight.wanderemptystreets,heartpounding,musclestense,sensingdangernearby.Nowimaginethesamesituation,butwithouttheseresponse.youstillfeelafraid?Experienceslikethisunveilaprofoundtruth:ourmindsarenotjustproductsofthebrainbutemergefromitsconstantdialoguewiththebody.Attheheartofthisconnectionisthevaguenerve(神經(jīng))—thebody’slongestnerve.Itwindsitswayfromthebrainthroughouttheheadandtrunk,issuingcommandstoourorgansandreceivingfeelingsfromthem.Muchoftheconfusingrangeoffunctionsitregulatedareautomaticandoperatewithoutconsciouscontrol.Thesecomplexresponseengageagroupofneutralnetworksthatinkbrainandbody.Thevaguenerveis,inonewayofthinking,theconductofthemind.Theprimaryfunctionofthevaguenerveistodampenthebody’sresponse.Afterafearepisode,forexample,thebody’spowerful,life-savingthreatresponsemustbeendedtorestorerestingheartbeat,breathing,bloodflow第9頁/共23頁andtherest.Sopowerfulisitsinfluencethatthevaguenervecanliterallystopthebeatingheart.Conversely,itcanalsostimulatebodilyresponsebyreleasingthebraketoaccelerate.Thevaguenerveisthebiologicalbasisformanynewtherapies(療法)worldwide.However,somepeoplehavetakenthevaguenerve’swide-rangingbodilyinfluenceasaninvitationtoengageinfalsescience.InsomecornersoftheInternetso-calledpolyvagaltherapy—physicalorbreathingexercisesthatsomeclaimresetthevaguenerve—isproposedtoaddressjustaboutanydisorderofthemindorbody.There’slittleevidencethatthesepopulartherapiesareanythingbutcomfort.Thevaguenervedoesn’tneedtobeacureforeverything—it’sworthappreciatingallonitsown.Neuroscientistscomparethevaguetoanorchestraconductor,harmonizingbodilysystemstocomposeourconsciousexperience.ProfessorLindaRinamanoncesaid,notjustbrainsinjars.Ourthoughtsandfeelingsarerootedinfleshandblood.”12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinparagraph1?A.Bysharingastory.B.Bycreatingascene.C.Byaskingaquestion.D.Bydefiningaconcept.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conduct”inparagraph2mean?A.Channel.B.Product.C.Mirror.D.Nature.14.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Thepopularityofabiologicaltreatment.B.Theeffectivenessofbreathingexercises.CThemisuseofunprovennervetherapies.D.Theevidenceofvaguenerve'functions.15.WhatdoLindaRinaman’swordsimply?A.Bloodcirculationdeterminedouremotions.B.Physicalhealthisunrelatedtomentalstates.C.Bodyandmindinteracttoformexperiences.D.Ourbrainstorefeelingsseparatefrombody.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了迷走神經(jīng)作為連接大腦和身體的通道，在調(diào)節(jié)身體反應(yīng)方面起著重要作用，是許多新療法的生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但也存在被偽科學(xué)濫用的情況，最后強(qiáng)調(diào)身心是相互作用形成我們的體驗(yàn)的?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Itislateatnight.wanderemptystreets,heartpounding,musclestense,sensing第10頁/共23頁dangernearby.Nowimaginethesamesituation,butwithouttheseresponse.youstillfeelafraid?Experienceslikethisunveilaprofoundtruth:ourmindsarenotjustproductsofthebrainbutemergefromitsconstantdialoguewiththebody.(夜深了。你在空蕩蕩的街道上徘徊，心臟怦怦直跳，肌肉緊繃，感覺到附近有危險(xiǎn)?，F(xiàn)在想象一下同樣的情景，但沒有這些反應(yīng)。你還會(huì)感到害怕嗎？諸如此類的經(jīng)歷揭示了一個(gè)深刻的真理：我們的思維不僅僅是大腦的產(chǎn)物，而是源自大腦與身體之間持續(xù)不斷的對(duì)話)”結(jié)合下文對(duì)迷走神經(jīng)的介紹可知，作者通過描述一個(gè)場(chǎng)景來引出文章的主題。故選B。【13題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Attheheartofthisconnectionisthevaguenerve(神經(jīng))—thebody’slongestnerve.Itwindsitswayfromthebrainthroughouttheheadandtrunk,issuingcommandstoourorgansandreceivingfeelingsfromthem.(這種聯(lián)系的核心是迷走神經(jīng)——人體最長(zhǎng)的神經(jīng)。它從大腦延伸到頭部和軀干，向我們)”和“Thevaguenerveis,inonewayofthinking,theconductofthemind.(從某種意義上說，迷走神經(jīng)是思維的conduct。)”可知，迷走神經(jīng)向我們的器官發(fā)出指令，并接收來自器官的感覺，所以它是大腦和身體之間相互交流的通道，由此可知，conduct意為“通道”。故選A。【14題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“Thevaguenerveisthebiologicalbasisformanynewtherapies(療法)worldwide.However,somepeoplehavetakenthevaguenerve’swide-rangingbodilyinfluenceasaninvitationtoengageinfalsescience.InsomecornersoftheInternetso-calledpolyvagaltherapy—physicalorbreathingexercisesthatsomeclaimresetthevaguenerve—isproposedtoaddressjustaboutanydisorderofthemindorbody.There’slittleevidencethatthesepopulartherapiesareanythingbutcomfort.(迷走神經(jīng)是世界上許多新療法的生物學(xué)基礎(chǔ)。然而，一些人將迷走神經(jīng)對(duì)身體廣泛的影響視為從事虛假科學(xué)的邀請(qǐng)。在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的一些角落，所謂的多迷走神經(jīng)療法——一些人聲稱可以重置迷走神經(jīng)的身體或呼吸練習(xí)——被提議用于治療幾乎任何身心疾病。幾乎沒有證據(jù)表明這些流行的療法除了安慰之外還有其他作用)”可知，第四段主要講的是對(duì)未經(jīng)證實(shí)的神經(jīng)療法的濫用。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Neuroscientistscomparethevaguetoanorchestraconductor,harmonizingbodilysystemstocomposeourconsciousexperience.ProfessorLindaRinamanoncesaid,notjustbrainsinjars.Ourthoughtsandfeelingsarerootedinfleshandblood.”(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家將迷走神經(jīng)比作管弦樂隊(duì)的指揮，協(xié)調(diào)身)”可知，琳達(dá)·麗娜曼教授的話暗示了身心相互作用形成體驗(yàn)。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題5分,滿分5分）第11頁/共23頁閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).Thepathtohealthyweightcombinedtwokeyelements.Exerciseandeatinghabitsformitsfoundation.Somebelievetheydemandlotsoforplanning.Butthat’snottrue.Infact,thebestwaytoworkthemintoourlivesisbymakingsmallchangesthatgraduallybecomepartofourroutine.___16___RegularExerciseshouldget60+minutesofdailyphysicalactivity.___17___Allthatmattersisthateachweekyougettherightbalanceofactivity,includingdancing,briskwalking,orstair-climbing.Breakingworkoutsinto15-minute“exercisesnacks”(e.g.,morningyoga,lunchtimewalks)throughoutthedaymakesgoalsmoreachievable.Thisstrategyavoidsburnoutwhilekeepingenergysteady.___18___Actually,crashdietscauseweightrebounds.A2022studyfound80%ofteensregainedweightpost-diet.Therefore,teensshouldeatavarietyoffoods,andthere’snothingwrongwiththeoccasionaltreat.Acandybarsomehowbeatssnappingdaily.buildlastinghabits,reshapeyourmindset.___19___Whenstressed,trybriefwalksratherthanreachingforsnacks.weeklyprogresswithachecklist—smallachievementsboostmotivationstrongly.Inconclusion,creativelydesignroutineblendingexerciseandnutritioninyourownway.___20___Whileotherschoosegymworkouts,youmightpreferplayingFrisbeewithyourdog.Knowingwhat’srightforyouwillmakeitaloteasiertodo!A.alldifferentafterall.B.Independencemattersinhabit-building.C.foodasfuel,notemotionalcomfort.D.Low-caloriedietsensuresteadyweightloss.E.Eatingwelldoesn’tmeandietingoverandover.F.Itdoesn’tmeandoingtoughexercisesorhittingthegym.G.Here’showtomaketheseotherhealthyhabitsjustaseasy.【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了實(shí)現(xiàn)健康體重的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thepathtohealthyweightcombinedtwokeyelements.Exerciseandeatinghabitsformitsfoundation.第12頁/共23頁Somebelievetheydemandlotsoforplanning.Butthat'snottrue.Infact,thebestwaytoworkthemintoourlivesisbymakingsmallchangesthatgraduallybecomepartofourroutine.(通往健康體重的道路結(jié)合了兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵要素。運(yùn)動(dòng)和飲食習(xí)慣是其基礎(chǔ)。有些人認(rèn)為它們需要大量的努力或計(jì)劃。但這不是真的。事實(shí)上，將它們?nèi)谌胛覀兩畹淖詈梅椒ㄊ亲鲆恍┬〉母淖?，逐漸成為我們?nèi)粘Ｉ畹囊徊糠帧?”可知，上文提到將G選項(xiàng)“下面是如何讓這些其他的健康習(xí)慣變得同樣容易”符合語境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“shouldget60+minutesofdailyphysicalactivity.(青少年每天應(yīng)該進(jìn)行60分鐘以上的體育活動(dòng)。)”以及下文“Allthatmattersisthateachweekyougettherightbalanceofactivity,includingdancing,briskwalking,orstair-climbing.Breakingworkoutsinto15-minute“exercisesnacks”(e.g.,morningyoga,lunchtimewalks)throughoutthedaymakesgoalsmoreachievable.Thisstrategyavoidsburnoutwhilekeepingenergysteady.(15分鐘的“運(yùn)定的能量。)60持適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng)平衡，且把鍛煉分成15分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)零食，可見本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出進(jìn)行體育活動(dòng)并不FF?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Actually,crashdietscauseweightrebounds.A2022studyfound80%ofteensregainedweightpost-diet.Therefore,teensshouldeatavarietyoffoods,andthere’snothingwrongwiththeoccasionaltreat.Acandybarsomehowbeatssnappingdaily.(事實(shí)上，速成節(jié)食會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重反彈。2022年的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的青少年在節(jié)食后體重反彈。因此，青少年應(yīng)該吃各種各樣的食物，偶爾吃點(diǎn)零食也沒關(guān)系。吃塊糖果總比每天吃快餐好。)”可知，下文提到速成節(jié)食會(huì)導(dǎo)致體重反彈，指出不應(yīng)該靠節(jié)食來保持健康，即吃得好并不意味著反復(fù)節(jié)食。故E選項(xiàng)“吃得好并不意味著反復(fù)節(jié)食”符合語境，故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“buildlastinghabits,reshapeyourmindset.(為了養(yǎng)成持久的習(xí)慣，重塑你的心態(tài)。)”以及下文“Whenstressed,trybriefwalksratherthanreachingforsnacks.weeklyprogresswithachecklist—smallachievementsboostmotivationstrongly.(蹤每周的進(jìn)度——小的成就能極大地增強(qiáng)動(dòng)力。)”可知，本段的主旨是通過重塑心態(tài)來養(yǎng)成持久的習(xí)慣，且下文提到有壓力的時(shí)候，試著散散步，而不是伸手去拿零食，說明本句是在說明食物和情緒之間的關(guān)系，第13頁/共23頁故C選項(xiàng)“把食物看作燃料，而不是情感的安慰”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inconclusion,creativelydesignroutineblendingexerciseandnutritioninyourownway.(總之，以你自己的方式創(chuàng)造性地設(shè)計(jì)將鍛煉和營養(yǎng)結(jié)合起來的日?；顒?dòng)。)”以及下文“Whileotherschoosegymworkouts,youmightpreferplayingFrisbeewithyourdog.Knowingwhat’srightforyouwillmakeitaloteasiertodo!(當(dāng)別人選擇在健身房鍛煉時(shí)，你可能更喜歡和你的狗一起玩飛盤。知道什么適合你會(huì)讓你更容易做到！)”可知，后文提到別人選擇在健身房鍛煉時(shí)，你可能更喜歡和你的狗一起玩飛盤，即每個(gè)人的方式都不同，故A選項(xiàng)“畢竟你們都不一樣”符合語境，故選A。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題;每小題1分,滿分分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng).WhileherFrenchclassmateatesalads,Limentookoutapackageofsteamedrice.WhenshetransferredtoahighschoolinParis,herlunchbecameadaily___21___OneMonday,oneboyPierrepointedatherlunchandwhispered,“Thatlooks___22___!”LiMeiflushed,quietlyavoidingthecafeteria.Everything___23___whenherhistoryteacher,Mr.Dupont,___24___aproject“Food&CultureEachstudentwasto___25___atraditionaldishandpresentitsculturalsignificance.LiMei___26___wouldanyonecareaboutChinesefoodhere?Eventually,shedecidedonjianbing,aflavorfromhometown.Onpresentationday,she___27___thematerialswithtremblinghands.hersurprise,Pierrevolunteeredtohelpcook.Astheyspreadthebatter(面糊),he___28___“Imadefunofyourfoodatfirst,butnowIseeit’spartofyour___29___.”Whenthecrispyjianbingwasserved,classmatecrowdedaround,askingquestionsaboutChineseNewtraditions.Theeventmadeeveryone____30____.Studentswhoonce____31____hernowgreetedherwarmly.AgirlnamedSophieevenproposed____32____aFrench-Chinesecookbooktogetherfortheschoolfairandsuggestedincludingfamilydishespasseddownthroughgenerations.Onthefinalday____33____filledabooktitledBitesBeyondBorders.Holdingit,LiMeirealizedthatculturalgapsweren’taboutwallsbutdoors—waitingtobeunlocked.Asimple____34____hadtaughthermoreaboutbelongingthananytextbook.“Foodisthe____35____foreignpolicy,”Mr.Dupontsaid,bitingintoaredbeancroissant.21.A.adventureB.struggleC.routineD.necessity第14頁/共23頁22.A.messyB.ordinaryC.strangeD.special23.A.matteredB.workedC.restedD.changed24.A.praisedB.postponedC.concludedD.launched25.A.purchaseB.reviewC.prepareD.receive26.A.jokedB.hesitatedC.insistedD.protested27.A.laidoutB.heldbackC.heatedupD.gaveaway28.A.arguedB.deniedC.admittedD.added29.A.identityB.interestC.personalityD.quality30.A.freedB.relaxedC.amusedD.connected31.A.betrayedB.overlookedC.enviedD.misled32.A.borrowingB.authoringC.promotingD.sponsoring33.A.storiesB.photosC.recipesD.quotes34.A.gameB.questionC.giftD.lunch35.A.tastiestB.heaviestC.oldestD.fastest【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中國女孩李梅在法國上學(xué)時(shí)，因午餐文化差異受到同學(xué)嘲笑，后來在歷史老師杜邦先生發(fā)起的“食物與文化周”項(xiàng)目中，她通過介紹家鄉(xiāng)美食煎餅，成功拉近了與同學(xué)們的距離，打破了文化隔閡的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她轉(zhuǎn)到巴黎的一所高中時(shí)，她的午餐成了一種日常的掙扎。A.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；B.struggle掙扎；C.routine常規(guī)；D.necessityLiMeiflushed,quietlyavoidingthecafeteria.”可知，李梅的午餐在同學(xué)眼里很奇怪，這讓她很尷尬，所以吃午飯成了掙扎的事情。故選B?！?2題詳解】A.mess