安徽省九師聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1安徽省九師聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期模擬預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWelcometotheArcticExpeditionCruise(游輪探險(xiǎn))fromSvalbard,Norway!22June2025-12days-For￡14,395WewillexplorethenorthernmostregionofEarth,theareaofthepolarbearandthemidnightsun,whiletravellingaboardtheGregMortimership.Thiscruisewillbeanenrichingtripofalifetime.HIGHLIGHTS●EnjoyafullprogrammeoftalksfrombiologistRichardDawkins,plusNewScientistcontributorsandexpeditioncrew;Gocloseto80°north,witnessingpolarbearsonpackice;●Discovertheexcitementofseeingspecieslikewalruses,seals,whales,reindeer,arcticfoxes,etc.;●Cruisealongblueglacierfrontsandthroughsurprisingfjords(峽灣)onapolarexpeditionship.WHAT’SINCLUDED●10nightsaboardtheGregMortimerexpeditionship;●Fullboardthroughoutthecruise,includingsnacks,teaandcoffee,plusbeer,housewineandsoftdrinksatdinner;OnenightatahotelinOslowithbreakfast;●ReturnflightsbetweenOsloandLongyearbyen,Svalbard;●Transfersbetweenairports,hotelsandyourship;●Photorecordoftheexpeditionbytheonboardphotographer.ACTIVITIES(Requiringextrapayment)Boatsafaris,hiking,kayakingandscubadivingareallavailable,buthowmuchyouparticipatewillbeuptoyou.Thehikeonlandwillbenomorethanafewkilometresandwillbeataslowpace,soyoucanfullyenjoytheexcitinglandscapesandwildlife.ACCOMMODATIONAccommodatingamaximumof128guests,GregMortimer,madeforexpeditions,is104metershigh,whichoperateswithlowenergyconsumptionandhighfuelefficiency.Theshiphasawiderangeofspecialobservationpoints,includinganindoor180-degreeroom,a360-degreeopendeckandtwoviewingplatforms.1.WhatcantouristsdoontheArcticexpeditiontrip?A.Skateonpackice. B.Feedreindeerupclose.C.Walkalongfjords. D.Listentotalksaboutscience.2.Whatdotouristsneedtopayextrafor?A.Adivingexpedition. B.Somedrinksontheship.C.Roundshiptickets. D.AccommodationinOslo.3.WhatisafeatureoftheGregMortimership?A.Itisenergy-intensive. B.Itisapurpose-builtship.C.Itisrathersmall-sized. D.Ithasanill-considereddesign.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了從挪威斯瓦爾巴群島出發(fā)的北極探險(xiǎn)游輪之旅，包括旅行日期、價(jià)格、游覽亮點(diǎn)、包含項(xiàng)目、自費(fèi)活動(dòng)以及住宿條件等?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HIGHLIGHTS部分的“EnjoyafullprogrammeoftalksfrombiologistRichardDawkins,plusNewScientistcontributorsandexpeditioncrew(欣賞生物學(xué)家理查德·道金斯（RichardDawkins）以及《新科學(xué)家》（NewScientist）撰稿人和探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)成員的完整講座)”可知，游客可以聆聽(tīng)生物學(xué)家理查德?道金斯以及《新科學(xué)家》撰稿人和探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)成員的一系列講座，這些講座可能涉及科學(xué)相關(guān)內(nèi)容，所以游客可以聽(tīng)關(guān)于科學(xué)的講座。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ACTIVITIES(Requiringextrapayment)(活動(dòng)（需要額外付費(fèi)）)”部分的“Boatsafaris,hiking,kayakingandscubadivingareallavailable,buthowmuchyouparticipatewillbeuptoyou.(乘船旅行、徒步旅行、皮劃艇和水肺潛水都是可以的，但你參與多少取決于你自己)”可知，乘船游覽、徒步旅行、皮劃艇和潛水都需要額外付費(fèi)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ACCOMMODATION部分的“Accommodatingamaximumof128guests,GregMortimer,madeforexpeditions,is104metershigh,whichoperateswithlowenergyconsumptionandhighfuelefficiency.(“GregMortimer”號(hào)是為探險(xiǎn)而建造的，最高可容納128名客人，高104米，能耗低，燃油效率高)”可知，“GregMortimer”號(hào)游輪是為探險(xiǎn)而建造的。故選B項(xiàng)。BAfterthedisastrousbushfiressweptthroughAustraliain2020,73,000squaremilesburned,affectingabout3billionanimals.Oncethesmokecleared,WWF-USteamedupwithcolleaguesfromWWF-AustraliatostartawildlifemonitoringprojectcalledEyesonRecovery.Theideawastosetupanetworkofcamerasthatwouldserveasoureyesinthebush.Myco-workersandIweredeterminedtomeasurehowAustralia’sendangeredwildlifewasrecovering.In2023,ItraveledtoBlueMountainsNationalParkinEasternAustralia.Foraweek,I,togetherwithmyco-workers,wrappedourarmsaroundthetreestosecurecamerasaroundtheirtrunks.WWFand20otherorganizationssetupover1,000camerasacrosstheland.Whatwouldwegetthroughthecameras?Todate,oureffortshavegotover7millionphotos,oneofwhichshowsakoalaclimbingintoanewtree.ButifItookjusttwosecondstorevieweachofthose7millionimagesduringmynormalworkweek,I’dfinishreviewingtheminaroundfouryears.Wedidn’thavethatkindoftimeinconservation.SoWWFworkedwithotherconservationorganizationstodevelopabetterwaytomanagecameratrapdatacalledWildlifeInsights,anonlineplatformthatcanseparateoutallthoseblankimages,findtheonesthatcontainwildlife,andidentifywhichspeciesisinaphoto.Weuploadedour7millionphotostoWildlifeInsights,andsortedinweeks.Over150differentspeciesweredetected.WiththehelpoftoolslikeWildlifeInsights,informationwasgettingintothehandsofdecision-makersmorequickly,whichwasimportantforspeciesliketheendangeredkoala.Athirdoftheirhabitatburnedinthefires,includingtheirtreehollows.Asanemergencymeasure,WWF-Australiaanditspartnersquicklyinstalled(安裝)artificialtreesandmonitoredthemusingcameras.Afteranalyzingthephotos,wewereamazedtofindkoalaswereusingeverysingleoneofthetrees.Withtheever-mountingchallengesfacingbiodiversity,it’sessentialthatweshouldcontinueinnovatingthroughtechnologysothatwecangetactionabledataandmakefasterconservationdecisions.4.Whatdidtheauthorandhisco-workersdoinBlueMountainsNationalPark?A.Theysetupanetworkofcameras. B.Theyrecordedendangeredwildlife.C.Theytookmanyphotosofanimals. D.Theycollecteddataonvarioustrees.5.WhatmadeitnecessarytodevelopWildlifeInsights?A.Theincreasingdependenceoncameratraps.B.Thegrowingnumberofendangeredanimals.C.Thetimeneededtodealwithcameratrapdata.D.Thedifficultyofcollectingdataonbiodiversity.6.Whywereartificialtreesinstalled?A.ToadvertiseWildlifeInsights. B.Tousecamerasefficiently.C.Tomarkanimals’livingconditions. D.Toprovidehomesforkoalas.7.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?A.Issueawarning. B.Makeasuggestion.C.Confirmaconclusion. D.Presentanewfinding.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了在2020年澳大利亞大火之后，世界自然基金會(huì)啟動(dòng)了一個(gè)名為“EyesonRecovery”的野生動(dòng)物監(jiān)測(cè)項(xiàng)目，通過(guò)在野外設(shè)置相機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)來(lái)監(jiān)測(cè)澳大利亞瀕危野生動(dòng)物的恢復(fù)情況。同時(shí)文章也強(qiáng)調(diào)了面對(duì)生物多樣性挑戰(zhàn)，持續(xù)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新以獲取可操作數(shù)據(jù)和快速?zèng)Q策的重要性?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Foraweek,I,togetherwithmyco-workers，wrappedourarmsaroundthetreestosecurecamerasaroundtheirtrunks.WWFand20otherorganizationssetupover1,000camerasacrosstheland.(我和同事們花了一周時(shí)間，手臂環(huán)繞著樹(shù)干，將相機(jī)固定在樹(shù)干周圍。世界自然基金會(huì)和其他20個(gè)組織在全國(guó)設(shè)立了1000多臺(tái)相機(jī))”可知，作者和他的同事們?cè)谒{(lán)山國(guó)家公園安裝了一個(gè)相機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Todate,oureffortshavegotover7millionphotos,oneofwhichshowsakoalaclimbingintoanewtree.ButifItookjusttwosecondstorevieweachofthose7millionimagesduringmynormalworkweek,I’dfinishreviewingtheminaroundfouryears.(到目前為止，我們的努力已經(jīng)獲得了700多萬(wàn)張照片，其中一張顯示了一只考拉爬上了一棵新樹(shù)。但如果我在正常的工作周內(nèi)，每張圖片只花兩秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)審查這700萬(wàn)張圖片，我大約需要四年時(shí)間才能審查完)”以及“Wedidn’thavethatkindoftimeinconservation.(我們?cè)诒Ｗo(hù)工作中沒(méi)有那么多時(shí)間)”可推知，處理相機(jī)陷阱數(shù)據(jù)需要花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間，因此有必要開(kāi)發(fā)一種更好的管理相機(jī)陷阱數(shù)據(jù)的方法，這就是開(kāi)發(fā)WildlifeInsights的必要性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的“Athirdoftheirhabitatburnedinthefires,includingtheirtreehollows.Asanemergencymeasure,WWF-Australiaanditspartnersquicklyinstalledartificialtreesandmonitoredthemusingcameras.(它們棲息地的三分之一被大火燒毀，包括它們的樹(shù)洞。作為一項(xiàng)緊急措施，世界自然基金會(huì)澳大利亞分會(huì)及其合作伙伴迅速安裝了人造樹(shù)，并用相機(jī)進(jìn)行監(jiān)測(cè))”以及“Afteranalyzingthephotos，wewereamazedtofindkoalaswereusingeverysingleoneofthetrees.(在分析了這些照片后，我們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)考拉正在使用每一棵樹(shù))”可知，安裝人造樹(shù)是為了給考拉提供家園。故選D項(xiàng)。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Withtheever-mountingchallengesfacingbiodiversity，it’sessentialthatweshouldcontinueinnovatingthroughtechnologysothatwecangetactionabledataandmakefasterconservationdecisions.(隨著生物多樣性面臨的挑戰(zhàn)日益增多，我們必須繼續(xù)通過(guò)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來(lái)獲取可操作的數(shù)據(jù)，從而做出更快的保護(hù)決策。)”可知，作者在最后一段中提出了一個(gè)建議，即通過(guò)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新來(lái)獲取可操作的數(shù)據(jù)，從而更快地做出保護(hù)決策。故選B項(xiàng)。CMasteringthescienceandartofperformingsurgerytakesyearsofstudyandpracticeforahuman.Robots,asitturnsout,canlearntodosurgicaltasksmuchfaster.Anewstudypresentedatthe8thAnnualConferenceonRobotLearninginGermanyintroducedtheworldtoamedicalrobotthatemploysartificialintelligence(AI)tolearntoperformsurgicaltasksaswellasahuman.TheresearchteamfromJohnsHopkinsandStanfordUniversityusedadaVinciSurgicalSysteminthestudy,whichisdesignedtoperformsurgicaltaskswhilebeingremotelycontrolledbyahumansurgeon.Therobotallowsthesurgeontoworkwithgreatercontrolandprecision.UsingatypeofAItrainingcalledimitationlearning,inwhichanAIlearnsanewtaskbyobservingandcopinghumanactions,thedaVincirobotwasabletolearntheverycomplexsetofactionsneededtocarryoutasurgicaltask.Presentingtherobotwithadatasetthatithadn’ttrainedon,theresearchersfoundthatitwasabletoperformthevirtualsimulation(模擬)successfully.Thismeantthattherobotwascapableofgeneralizing,ratherthanjustmemorizing,andwouldbeabletomanagetheunexpectedsituationsthattendtooccurinareal-lifeoperatingroom.“It’smagicaltohavethismodelwhereallwedoisfeeditcamerainput,anditcanpredicttheroboticmovementsneededforsurgery,”saidDr.AxelKrieger,assistantprofessorinmechanicalengineeringatJohnsHopkinsandseniorauthorofthestudy.“Webelievethismarksasignificantstepforwardinmedicalrobotics.”Previously,programmershadtogothroughthepainstakingtaskofhand-coding(手動(dòng)編碼)arobottogetittoperformtheactionitwasbeingtaskedwith.Now,itcanbetrainedtolearnanewtaskinamatterofdays.Thoughtheideaofarobotsurgeonmayseemscarytosomepeople,thetruthisthatsomesurgeonshavebeenusingrobotsintheoperatingroomforsometimenow,andithasonlyimprovedthemedicalfield.8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutthedaVincirobotinparagraph2?A.Itsself-taughtability. B.Itsdesignstyle.C.Itshighworkingspeed. D.Itsgreatstrategy.9.Whydidtheresearcherspresenttherobotwithanunfamiliardataset?A.Toavoidtheunexpected. B.Totestitsperformance.C.Tocontrolthesimulation. D.Toovercomeitsweaknesses.10.WhatdoesDr.AxelKriegermostprobablydescribethedaVincirobotas?A.Alostart. B.Adesperateattempt.C.Amisguidedtrend. D.Amajorbreakthrough.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Applicationsinthemedicalfieldneedupdating.B.Ahumansurgeonshouldrelyonmedicalrobots.C.Thedaysofautomatedsurgerymayarrivesomeday.D.Automatedsystemsmakemedicalcareavailableworldwide.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一款能夠利用人工智能技術(shù)學(xué)習(xí)執(zhí)行手術(shù)任務(wù)的醫(yī)療機(jī)器人。該機(jī)器人的出現(xiàn)標(biāo)志著醫(yī)療機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域取得了重大進(jìn)展，使得機(jī)器人學(xué)習(xí)新任務(wù)變得更加高效，同時(shí)也已經(jīng)改善了醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“UsingatypeofAItrainingcalledimitationlearning,inwhichanAIlearnsanewtaskbyobservingandcopinghumanactions,thedaVincirobotwasabletolearntheverycomplexsetofactionsneededtocarryoutasurgicaltask.(通過(guò)使用一種稱為模仿學(xué)習(xí)的AI訓(xùn)練，在這種訓(xùn)練中，AI通過(guò)觀察和模仿人類動(dòng)作來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)新任務(wù)，達(dá)芬奇機(jī)器人能夠?qū)W習(xí)執(zhí)行手術(shù)任務(wù)所需的一系列非常復(fù)雜的動(dòng)作。)“可知，關(guān)于達(dá)芬奇機(jī)器人在第二段中可以了解到的是它的自學(xué)能力。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Presentingtherobotwithadatasetthatithadn’ttrainedon,theresearchersfoundthatitwasabletoperformthevirtualsimulation(模擬)successfully.Thismeantthattherobotwascapableofgeneralizing,ratherthanjustmemorizing,andwouldbeabletomanagetheunexpectedsituationsthattendtooccurinareal-lifeoperatingroom.(研究人員向機(jī)器人提供了一個(gè)它未經(jīng)過(guò)訓(xùn)練的數(shù)據(jù)集，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)它能夠成功地執(zhí)行虛擬模擬。這意味著機(jī)器人能夠進(jìn)行概括，而不僅僅是記憶，并且能夠處理在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中手術(shù)室中往往會(huì)出現(xiàn)的意外情況。)”可知，研究人員給機(jī)器人提供了一個(gè)不熟悉的數(shù)據(jù)集是為了測(cè)試它的性能。故選B?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的““It’smagicaltohavethismodelwhereallwedoisfeeditcamerainput,anditcanpredicttheroboticmovementsneededforsurgery,”saidDr.AxelKrieger,assistantprofessorinmechanicalengineeringatJohnsHopkinsandseniorauthorofthestudy.“Webelievethismarksasignificantstepforwardinmedicalrobotics.”(“有這個(gè)模型真是太神奇了，我們所要做的就是給它提供攝像頭輸入，它就能預(yù)測(cè)出手術(shù)所需的機(jī)器人動(dòng)作，”約翰斯·霍普金斯大學(xué)機(jī)械工程助理教授、該研究的高級(jí)作者阿克塞爾·克里格博士說(shuō)?！拔覀兿嘈?，這標(biāo)志著醫(yī)療機(jī)器人領(lǐng)域取得了重大進(jìn)展?！?”可知，阿克塞爾·克里格博士最有可能將達(dá)芬奇機(jī)器人描述為一項(xiàng)重大突破。故選D。【11題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Thoughtheideaofarobotsurgeonmayseemscarytosomepeople,thetruthisthatsomesurgeonshavebeenusingrobotsintheoperatingroomforsometimenow,andithasonlyimprovedthemedicalfield.(盡管機(jī)器人外科醫(yī)生的想法可能對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)很可怕，但事實(shí)是，一些外科醫(yī)生已經(jīng)在手術(shù)室里使用機(jī)器人有一段時(shí)間了，而這只是改善了醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域。)”以及結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容可知，一些外科醫(yī)生已經(jīng)在手術(shù)室里使用機(jī)器人有一段時(shí)間了，用于其來(lái)改善醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域。由此作者在最后一段暗示了自動(dòng)化手術(shù)的時(shí)代可能有一天會(huì)到來(lái)。故選C。DBeforejoiningWashingtonD.C.-basedDistrictRunningCollective,FallonJoneswasn’tarunner.“WeweredoingCrossFitthen—there’sthisgroupofpeoplewhorunupthestreet,”saysJones.Shewasattractedafterherfirstrunwiththegroupthefollowingweek.“Iwasintheslowerpacegroup,buteverybodywasthereattheendtocheermeon,”sheadds.Thefirstknownrunningclub,theThamesHareandHounds,wasestablishedin1868inLondon,promotingthesportasasocialactivity.Overthedecades,runningclubshavespreadacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica,initiallyattractingcompetitiverunnersbutgraduallyappealingtoabroaderaudienceseekingsupport,motivationandfriendship.Inrecentyears,onlineplatformshaveallowedrunnerstoconnect,makingrunningmoreaccessibleandinclusive.Nowadays,conversationalrunningisbecomingatrend.Conversationalrunning,whichreferstomaintainingapaceatwhichyoucancomfortablyspeakasyoumove,isoftenassociatedwithZone2training,whichinvolvesanintensityof60—70percentofyourmaximumheartrate.KristenHislop,acertifiedrunningcoach,sayspeopleoftenstruggletoachievethispacethoughitdoesn’tfeellikean“arduous”workout;it’softenmuchslowerthanyou’danticipate.“Butwhileitisn’tespeciallychallenging,doinglow-intensityexerciseregularlycanbuildendurance(耐力)soyou’llbeabletogolongerandfurther,”saysHislop.“You’realsogoingtorecoverfasterandreduceyourriskofinjuries.”Conversationalrunningisalsogoodforyourrelationships.“Ifyou’renearsomebodybutnotnecessarilyfacingthemeyetoeye,youmightbemorewillingtoexpressyourselforyoumightjustfeelalittlebitlessshy,”saysRachelGoldberg,alicensedfamilytherapistwhoincorporateswalk-and-talksessionsintoherpractice.Thiscanleadtodeeperconversationsandstrongerconnections.Despitethebenefitsofrunningwithothers,findingtherightrunclubtofityourneedsiscrucial.Jonesknewherclubwastherightfitafterherfirstouting.“Theydidareallygoodjobinexplainingthedifferentpacegroups,”shesays.“Assomeonewho’sapproaching40,ithasbeenablessingtofindfriendsofallageshereatthisstageinlife.”12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thepopularityofrunningclubs. B.Theoriginofconversationalrunning.C.Thedevelopmentofrunningclubs. D.Theadvancesinfitnesstechnologies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arduous”inparagraph3mean?A.Exceptional. B.Annual. C.Rewarding. D.Tough.14.WhatdoesRachelGoldbergsayaboutconversationalrunning?A.Itisahigh-intensityexercise. B.Itmakespeoplewillingtoopenup.C.Itfreespeopleofworkstress. D.Itenhancespeople’smentalclarity.15.WhatattractsJonesbestaboutDistrictRunningCollective?A.Itscapabilitytogroup. B.Itsaccesstolocalcultures.C.Itspromisingfuture. D.Itsobvioushealthbenefits.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了法倫·瓊斯的經(jīng)歷，介紹了她從非跑步者到加入跑步俱樂(lè)部的轉(zhuǎn)變，以及跑步俱樂(lè)部如何吸引不同人群、促進(jìn)社交和提供心理和身體上的益處?！?2題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段開(kāi)頭提到“Thefirstknownrunningclub,theThamesHareandHounds,wasestablishedin1868inLondon,promotingthesportasasocialactivity.(第一個(gè)已知的跑步俱樂(lè)部，泰晤士野兔與獵犬俱樂(lè)部，于1868年在倫敦成立，將這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)推廣為一種社交活動(dòng)。)”接著又說(shuō)“Overthedecades,runningclubshavespreadacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica,initiallyattractingcompetitiverunnersbutgraduallyappealingtoabroaderaudienceseekingsupport,motivationandfriendship.Inrecentyears,onlineplatformshaveallowedrunnerstoconnect,makingrunningmoreaccessibleandinclusive.(在過(guò)去的幾十年里，跑步俱樂(lè)部在歐洲和北美傳播開(kāi)來(lái)，最初吸引的是有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的跑步者，但逐漸吸引了更廣泛的尋求支持、動(dòng)力和友誼的人群。近年來(lái)，在線平臺(tái)讓跑步者能夠相互聯(lián)系，使跑步變得更容易參與和更具包容性。)”由此可知，第二段主要講述了跑步俱樂(lè)部的發(fā)展歷程。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Conversationalrunning,whichreferstomaintainingapaceatwhichyoucancomfortablyspeakasyoumove,isoftenassociatedwithZone2training,whichinvolvesanintensityof60—70percentofyourmaximumheartrate.KristenHislop,acertifiedrunningcoach,sayspeopleoftenstruggletoachievethispacethoughitdoesn’tfeellikean“arduous”workout;it’softenmuchslowerthanyou’danticipate.(會(huì)話式跑步，指的是保持一種你在運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)可以舒適地說(shuō)話的速度，通常與2區(qū)訓(xùn)練有關(guān)，這涉及到你最大心率的60-70%的強(qiáng)度。克里斯汀·希斯洛普（KristenHislop）是一名持證跑步教練，她說(shuō)人們通常很難達(dá)到這樣的速度，盡管這并不像是一種 arduous的鍛煉；它通常比你預(yù)期的要慢得多。)”可知，這種鍛煉強(qiáng)度不高，速度也比預(yù)期慢，因此它不是一種費(fèi)力的鍛煉。所以“arduous應(yīng)該是“艱難的；費(fèi)力的”意思，與D選項(xiàng)“Tough.”（艱難的；困難的）意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Ifyou’renearsomebodybutnotnecessarilyfacingthemeyetoeye,youmightbemorewillingtoexpressyourselforyoumightjustfeelalittlebitlessshy,”saysRachelGoldberg,alicensedfamilytherapistwhoincorporateswalk-and-talksessionsintoherpractice.Thiscanleadtodeeperconversationsandstrongerconnections.(“如果你離某人很近，但不一定要和他們面對(duì)面，你可能會(huì)更愿意表達(dá)自己，或者你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得不那么害羞，”蕾切爾·戈德堡（RachelGoldberg）說(shuō)，她是一名有執(zhí)照的家庭治療師，在她的實(shí)踐中加入了邊走邊談的課程。這可以帶來(lái)更深入的對(duì)話和更牢固的聯(lián)系)”可知，RachelGoldberg認(rèn)為如果你靠近某人但不一定面對(duì)面，你可能會(huì)更愿意表達(dá)自己，或者只是感覺(jué)不那么害羞，這可以帶來(lái)更深入的對(duì)話和更緊密的聯(lián)系。所以她認(rèn)為對(duì)話式跑步能讓人們更愿意敞開(kāi)心扉。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Jonesknewherclubwastherightfitafterherfirstouting.“Theydidareallygoodjobinexplainingthedifferentpacegroups,”shesays.“Assomeonewho’sapproaching40,ithasbeenablessingtofindfriendsofallageshereatthisstageinlife.”(瓊斯在第一次出場(chǎng)后就知道她的俱樂(lè)部很適合她?！八麄?cè)诮忉尣煌呐渌俜纸M方面做得非常好，”她說(shuō)?！皩?duì)于一個(gè)快40歲的人來(lái)說(shuō)，在人生的這個(gè)階段能找到各個(gè)年齡段的朋友是一種福氣。”)”可知，瓊斯在第一次參加活動(dòng)后就知道這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部很適合她，因?yàn)榫銟?lè)部在解釋不同的配速分組方面做得很好，而且在這里她能找到各個(gè)年齡段的朋友。所以最吸引瓊斯的是俱樂(lè)部分組的能力。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。PeopletendtosetgoalswhentheNewYearcomes.Sowhyarewedrawntosettinggoalscollectivelyandaroundthesametimeeveryyear?____16____“Belongingtoacommunityisanimportanthumanneed,”explainsSelenaBartlett,ascientistattheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinBrisbane,Australia.Thereareadvantagesofthistypeofgoal-setting.____17____Researchshowsthatcoupleswhogoonadiettogetheraremorelikelytoloseweightthanthosewhodosoalone.Moreover,makingchangesatthesametimeasothersalsomeansyouhaveotherstoshareyoursuccesswith.____18____Forinstance,whenyou’rerelyingonpartnerstokeepyoumotivatedandtheydecidetostopgoingtothegym,youmightwanttostayhomeaswell.It’salsocommonforcollectivegoalsetterstocomparetheirresultswithothersandbecomediscouragedifonepersonissucceedingwheretheyaren’t.Ifyouwanttosetagoalwithothers,you’dbetterknowthebesttimetosetit.Regardlessofwhatstartsyourmotivation,Bartlettsaysit’scriticaltotakeactionassoonasyoufeelthedesire.Youmayonlyhaveashortwindowofopportunitytomakedecisionsaboutwhatyouwanttodobeforesomethinggetsintheway.____19____Astrategyforsuccessfulgoal-settingisbreakingdownbiggergoalsintosmaller,morespecificones.Soinsteadofsaying“I’mgoingtolose10poundsamonth”,setagoaltolimityourdailycalorieintakeandgotothegymfor30minutesaday.____20____A.Oneexplanationisthathumansarenaturallysocialbeings.B.Somomentsofdesirearetheidealtimetoputaplaninplace.C.Makingsettinggoalsenjoyablecangiveyouimmediaterewards.D.However,therearealsodownsidesaboutthegoal-settingattimes.E.Theyincludeexternalmotivationandthechancestolearnfromothers.F.Researchhasshownthatmakingspecificgoalsleadstobetterperformance.G.Afreshstartallowsustomentallyseparateourpastgoalsfromfuturegoals.【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.B20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章探討了人們?yōu)槭裁聪矚g在新年期間集體設(shè)定目標(biāo)，并分析了這種目標(biāo)設(shè)定的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)，同時(shí)提供了成功設(shè)定目標(biāo)的策略?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的問(wèn)句“Sowhyarewedrawntosettinggoalscollectivelyandaroundthesametimeeveryyear?(那么，為什么我們要在每年的同一時(shí)間集體設(shè)定目標(biāo)呢？)”可知，空格處應(yīng)該接著回答上文的問(wèn)題，解釋人們每年的同一時(shí)間集體設(shè)定目標(biāo)的原因。所以，A項(xiàng)“Oneexplanationisthathumansarenaturallysocialbeings.(一種解釋是，人類天生就是社會(huì)動(dòng)物)”符合語(yǔ)境，且A項(xiàng)與下文的內(nèi)容是順接關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)該段的主題句“Thereareadvantagesofthistypeofgoal-setting.(這種設(shè)定目標(biāo)的方式是有好處的)”和下文的內(nèi)容“Researchshowsthatcoupleswhogoonadiettogetheraremorelikelytoloseweightthanthosewhodosoalone.Moreover,makingchangesatthesametimeasothersalsomeansyouhaveotherstoshareyoursuccesswith.(研究表明，一起節(jié)食的情侶比單獨(dú)節(jié)食的情侶更容易減肥。此外，與他人同時(shí)做出改變也意味著你有其他人可以分享你的成功)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該具體說(shuō)明“集體設(shè)定目標(biāo)的好處”，所以，E項(xiàng)“Theyincludeexternalmotivationandthechancestolearnfromothers.(它們包括外部動(dòng)機(jī)和向他人學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì))”符合語(yǔ)境。故填E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】空格處是該部分的主題句。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容“Forinstance,whenyou’rerelyingonpartnerstokeepyoumotivatedandtheydecidetostopgoingtothegym,youmightwanttostayhomeaswell.It’salsocommonforcollectivegoalsetterstocomparetheirresultswithothersandbecomediscouragedifonepersonissucceedingwheretheyaren’t.(例如，當(dāng)你依靠同伴來(lái)激勵(lì)你，而他們決定不再去健身房時(shí)，你可能也想呆在家里。對(duì)于集體目標(biāo)設(shè)定者來(lái)說(shuō)，將他們的結(jié)果與其他人進(jìn)行比較也是很常見(jiàn)的，如果一個(gè)人成功了，而他們沒(méi)有成功，他們就會(huì)感到沮喪)”可知，該部分主要講述的是“集體設(shè)定目標(biāo)的弊端”。所以D項(xiàng)“However,therearealsodownsidesaboutthegoal-settingattimes.(然而，設(shè)定目標(biāo)有時(shí)也有缺點(diǎn))”符合語(yǔ)境，且與上文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。【19題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Regardlessofwhatstartsyourmotivation,Bartlettsaysit’scriticaltotakeactionassoonasyoufeelthedesire.Youmayonlyhaveashortwindowofopportunitytomakedecisionsaboutwhatyouwanttodobeforesomethinggetsintheway.(巴特利特說(shuō)，不管你的動(dòng)機(jī)是什么，只要你有這種欲望，就立即采取行動(dòng)是至關(guān)重要的。在某些事情阻礙你之前，你可能只有很短的時(shí)間來(lái)決定你想做什么)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)人們?cè)诳释臅r(shí)候去實(shí)施計(jì)劃。所以B項(xiàng)“Somomentsofdesirearetheidealtimetoputaplaninplace.(所以渴望的時(shí)刻是實(shí)施計(jì)劃的理想時(shí)機(jī))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】根據(jù)空格前的句子“Astrategyforsuccessfulgoal-settingisbreakingdownbiggergoalsintosmaller,morespecificones.Soinsteadofsaying“I’mgoingtolose10poundsamonth”,setagoaltolimityourdailycalorieintakeandgotothegymfor30minutesaday.(成功設(shè)定目標(biāo)的策略是將大目標(biāo)分解成更小、更具體的目標(biāo)。所以，與其說(shuō)“我要一個(gè)月減掉10磅”，不如設(shè)定一個(gè)目標(biāo)，限制你每天的卡路里攝入量，每天去健身房鍛煉30分鐘)”可知，空格處的句子應(yīng)該提供依據(jù)證明將大目標(biāo)分解成更小、更具體目標(biāo)的好處。所以，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Researchhasshownthatmakingspecificgoalsleadstobetterperformance.(研究表明，制定明確的目標(biāo)會(huì)帶來(lái)更好的表現(xiàn))”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Verasatinfront,introverted(內(nèi)向的)andsilent.WorkingwithAlzheimer’spatientsformanyyears,Ifeltthehardestpartwasbearing____21____totheisolation(孤獨(dú))itresultedin.Verawasisolated,andmy____22____toinvolveherinthesociallifeofthefacilitywereonlymetwithalonelystare.ItriedtogetVeratointeractwithothers.Dayspassed,however,Verastillremaining____23____.Herphysical____24____weretakencareof,butthediseasehad____25____companionshipfromher.VerawasoneofseveralindividualswhohadaprofessionalcaremanagernamedMelodie,who____26____anannualholidaydinnerforthosewithoutfamilymembers.Oneyear,Iwas____27____tohelpgetVerareadyforMelodie’sdinner,askedtodohermake-up.WhileIhadlittleexperiencewithmake-up,Ibravely____28____totry.Itriedtocontrolmy____29____asIdrewoneyebrowsandappliedeyeshadow.WhenI_____30_____finished,Iwascompletely_____31_____.Weallwere.Verawasmorethan_____32_____.Isa,oneofthenursesonhand,evenrantogetamirrorforVeratosee.ThemiracleI’dwaitedforhappenedbeforealloureyes-Verasmiled!Thatoneglanceinthemirror_____33_____alivelyspirit,someonewhoshowedjoywitheverysmilethat_____34_____herface.Sometimes,peoplehavetohavethat_____35_____inlife’smirrortoseethemselvesinalloftheirbeauty.PerhapsVerasawinthatmirrorthepersonshehadbeenyearsbefore.21.A.access B.exposure C.witness D.response22.A.intentions B.efforts C.wishes D.abilities23.A.loyal B.energetic C.positive D.withdrawn24.A.needs B.contacts C.disorders D.appearances25.A.drawn B.stolen C.freed D.claimed26.A.anticipated B.invested C.hosted D.attended27.A.forced B.selected C.reminded D.commanded28.A.managed B.declined C.agreed D.continued29.A.nervousness B.joy C.expression D.anger30.A.safely B.systematically C.gradually D.ultimately31.A.relieved B.astonished C.inspired D.confused32.A.regretful B.moved C.pretty D.annoyed33.A.unlocked B.located C.discouraged D.employed34.A.toreup B.madeup C.litup D.tookup35.A.share B.chance C.change D.look【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.A30.D31.B32.C33.A34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者照顧內(nèi)向且患有阿爾茨海默病的Vera的經(jīng)歷。在一次為無(wú)家可歸者舉辦的晚餐會(huì)上，作者為Vera化妝，當(dāng)化妝完成后，大家都很驚訝，維拉變得很漂，Vera看到鏡子中的自己，也露出了難得的笑容。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：多年與阿爾茨海默病患者打交道，我覺(jué)得最難的部分是見(jiàn)證他們因?yàn)榧膊《萑牍陋?dú)。A.access入口；B.exposure暴露，經(jīng)歷；C.witness目擊者，證據(jù)；D.response回應(yīng)。根據(jù)后文“totheisolation(孤獨(dú))itresultedin”和常識(shí)可知，此處指見(jiàn)證阿爾茨海默病患者因?yàn)榧膊《萑牍陋?dú)；bearwitnesstosth.為固定搭配，意為“見(jiàn)證……”。故選C項(xiàng)。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Vera很孤僻，我試圖讓她參與到療養(yǎng)院社交生活的努力，只換來(lái)了她孤獨(dú)的眼神。A.intentions意圖，打算；B.efforts努力；C.wishes愿望；D.abilities能力。根據(jù)后文“toinvolveherinthesociallifeofthefacility”可知，此處指作者為了讓Vera參與到療養(yǎng)院社交生活中所做的努力。effortstodosth.為固定搭配，意為“努力做某事”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：日子一天天過(guò)去，然而，Vera仍然很孤僻。A.loyal忠誠(chéng)的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.positive積極的；D.withdrawn孤僻的。根據(jù)上文“ ItriedtogetVeratointeractwithothers”以及本空前的“however”可知，此處指作者努力讓Vera和其他人互動(dòng)，但Vera仍然很孤僻。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她的生理需求得到了照顧，但疾病使她失去了陪伴。A.needs需求；B.contacts聯(lián)系；C.disorders混亂；D.appearances外表。根據(jù)后文“weretakencareof”以及常識(shí)可知，此處指Vera的生理需求得到了照顧。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.drawn畫(huà)；B.stolen偷；C.freed釋放；D.claimed聲稱。根據(jù)上文“Herphysical_______weretakencareof”以及后文“companionshipfromher”可知，此處指疾病使Vera失去了陪伴。stealsth.fromsb.為固定搭配，意為“從某人那里偷走某物”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Vera是幾位有專業(yè)護(hù)理經(jīng)理的人之一，她的護(hù)理經(jīng)理叫Melodie，Melodie為沒(méi)有家人的人舉辦了一年一度的假日晚餐。A.anticipated預(yù)料；B.invested投資；C.hosted舉辦；D.attended參加。根據(jù)后文“anannualholidaydinnerforthosewithoutfamilymembers”可知，此處指Melodie為沒(méi)有家人的人舉辦了一年一度的假日晚餐。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：有一年，我被選中幫助Vera為Melodie的晚餐做準(zhǔn)備，并給她化妝。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.selected選中；C.reminded提醒；D.commanded命令。根據(jù)后文“tohelpgetVerareadyforMelodie’sdinner”可知，此處指作者被選中幫助Vera為Melodie的晚餐做準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我?guī)缀鯖](méi)有化妝經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但我勇敢地嘗試了。A.managed設(shè)法做成；B.declined拒絕；C.agreed同意；D.continued繼續(xù)。根據(jù)上文“WhileIhadlittleexperiencewithmake-up”以及后文“totry”可知，前后轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此處指作者雖然對(duì)化妝沒(méi)有什么經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但勇敢地嘗試了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我畫(huà)眉毛、涂眼影時(shí)，我試著控制自己的緊張情緒。A.nervousness緊張；B.joy高興；C.expression表情；D.anger憤怒。根據(jù)上文“WhileIhadlittleexperiencewithmake-up”可知，作者對(duì)化妝沒(méi)有什么經(jīng)驗(yàn)，所以給Vera化妝時(shí)應(yīng)該很緊張。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我最終完成時(shí)，我完全驚呆了。A.safely安全地；B.systematically系統(tǒng)地；C.gradually逐漸地