Unit1-Using-Language-夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練

8/12Unit1UsingLanguage夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練過基礎(chǔ)教材基礎(chǔ)鞏固一、根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母填空1. Bothparentsandteenagersmusttrytobridgetheg__gapbetweenthem.2. Peopleintheseareasshouldalwaysbepreparedforwinter__(緊急情況）.3. Theysenthertohospitalwheredoctors __(接生）herbaby.4. Hunger,coldands__wereamongthehardshipsofhislife.5. Itmaybeveryhardtopassthetest,butI’lltakeac__.6.Itisvery__(考慮周到的）ofyoutoinformusofthechangeintheschedule.7.1 leftthatcompany,__(決心)nevertosetfootinitagain.8. Bem,otherwiseyouwillfallbehind.二、選詞填空（可變換形式）comeacross,bychance,freefrom,beintendedfor,carryon,carefor 1. Withthebabywell__,theparentswillbefreeofworriesatwork.2.Theflowers__you,andIhopeyouwilllikethem.3. Thoughitwasinthedeadofnight,hewasstill__hisresearchinthelab.4.Whilegoingthroughthejournalshekept,Obama__somespecialletters.5. Whenhersonreturnedshewasatlast__anxiety.6. Ifoundout__thatshewasactuallyafreshmanfromLondonUniversity.三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Unlikethefarmersinothercountries,manyAmericanfarmerswere__(educate).2. Inthepastfewwomendoctorscouldget__(medicine)traininginthecountryside.3. Hedonatedalargesumofmoneytothepoorfamilywiththebestof__(intend).4. Ifyourpricesarefavorableandthe__(deliver)dateisacceptable,wecanplacetheorder.5. Pleasegivetheproblemyourcareful__(consider).6. Comparedwithher__(achieve)，hershortcomingsare,afterall,onlysecondary.7.Sometimeshewonderedwhereshegotsomanygood__(quality).8. Theypromisetomakepeoplefeelmore__(energy)andthinkmoreclearly.四、翻譯句子1. 似乎沒有人知道在這個(gè)城市發(fā)生過什么事情。(seem)__whathashappenedinthecity.2. 就在她準(zhǔn)備上床睡覺的時(shí)候，電話鈴響了?(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型）Itwaswhenshewasabouttogotobed__.3. 到達(dá)目的地時(shí)，我們又累又餓。（形容詞作狀語）Wereachedourdestination,__.4. 我突然想起，我把她的生日給忘了。(hit)__thatIhadforgottenherbirthday.5. 突然一則軟件程序的廣告引起了我的注意。(catch)Allofasudden,theadvertisementforasoftwareprogram__.6. 為什么不靜觀其結(jié)果呢？（whynot)__andseewhathappens?一、單句改錯(cuò)1.Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbythechanceorbymeansofluck.2.ThereisachancewhichIwillbechosenfortheteam.3.Hewantstohaveaseparateroomonhisown,buthecan’taffordit.4.Heexpectedthattheexperimentwouldbesuccess,andsodidI.5.Henry,ratherthanJaneandJohn,wereresponsiblefortheloss.6.Asyouknow,sofarhemadenosuggestionsinanyform.7.Totellyouthetruth,thishitmeunexpectedlythatIcouldgotoIraqasanartist.8.Hedevotedhislifetohelpthedisabledandthoseinneed.9.Whatmakeshimencouragedishehasgotsupportfromhisteacher.10. Wegottothecinematoolatethatwemissedthebeginningofthefilm.二、單句語法填空1. Hewaitedforher__shefinishedtheinterview.2. Lastyearhe__(choose)toattendaconferenceofadvancedworkers.3. Themandescribed__difficultasituationtheyfacedandhowtheysolvedtheproblem.4. Don’texpecthimtoshowkindness__you,asheisveryselfish.5. Hetriedtoimpresseverythinghe__(explain)onus.6 .It’srainingcatsanddogs，sowecan’tleavethem__(wait)outside.7. Forcenturiesthiscityhasattractedthe__(admire)oftheworld.8. Theself-drivecarisconsideredassafeacommoncar__weuseinourdailylife.9. Allthepeopleontheshipwerein__(safe)despitethestorm.10.Wemusttakethecost__considerationwhenchoosingahotel.三、語法填空IwasquiteabitoverweightandIdecidedthatIshoulddosomethingaboutit.MyschedulewasprettytightsoIneededtofindsomething1wouldallowmetoloseweightinashortperiodoftime， 2atthesametimeIdidn’twanttobesittinginthegymalldaylong.IdidagoodamountofresearchtoobeforeImademydecisionbecause3lastthingthatIwantedtodowasmakea4(choose)?OutofeverythingI5(research)，runningseemedtogivemethe6(much).I’mgladtosaythatImadetherightdecision.7 (lose)weightcomesdowntothreethings.Well,atleastitdoesinmyopinionanyway.Thefirstisrealizingthat8istimetodosomethingaboutthewayyouhaveletyourselfgo.Thesecondistousetherightprogramthatisgoingtogiveyoutheresultsthatyouwanttosee.Thethirdisthewillingness9(stick)withyourplannomatterwhatlifethrowsatyou.Anyonecanloseweight—I’malivingproofofthat.Ifyou’reserious10it,youwillgettheresultsyouareafter.1.__2.__3.__4.__5.__6.__7.__8.__9.__10.__過拓展語言能力提升一、完形填空Attheageof5，NicholasLowingervisitedahomelessshelterwithhismother,whoworkedinvarioussheltersacrossRhodeIsland.He1hisnewsneakerstotherestofthekids2Buthismomtoldhimnottodoso,3thatthesechildrenmightnothavesuchluxuries(奢侈品）.Sureenough,whenNicholasmetkidsattheshelter,he4realizedthattheywerelivinginthe5thatwereverydifferentfromhisown.Isawotherkidsofmyagewholookedjustlikeme.Theonly6wasthattheywerewearingold,wornshoesthatwerefalling7.Somedidn’thaveapairofshoes，’’saidNicholas,now18.’’I’vebeenvery8togrowupinafamilythatisableto9mewithwhateverIneed.AlotofkidshereintheU.S.don’thavethe10likeme.Thatfirstsheltervisitleftastrong11onNicholas，whostarted12alltheshoeshe’doutgrowntolocalshelters.13herealizedthathisdonationsweren’tthat14Soin2010,attheageof12,Nicholasstartedaprogramthatdonatesnewshoestohomelesschildren.Atfirst,his15werepartofacommunityserviceprojectleadinguptohisbarmitzvah(猶太男子成人儀式），aJewishcoming-of-ageceremony.Buthewantedto16thattheworkwouldcontinueaftertheceremony.Withthehelpofhisparents,hethenstartedtheGottaHaveSoleFoundation.Since2010,the17hasdonatednewshoestomorethan10,000homelesschildrenin21states.Bygivingnew18tohomelesschildren，I’mmakingsuretheyandtheirfamilieshaveatleastonelessthingto19 ，"Nicholassaid."I’malsoallowingthemto20moneyforanapartmentorfoodfortheirnextmeal.1. A. showedoff B.gaveawayC. handedin D.turnedup2. A. unwillingly B.proudlyC. embarrassedly D.accidentally3. A. expressing B.complainingC. explaining D. demanding4. A. hardly B. carefullyC. quickly D. finally5. A. positions B. situationsC. instructions D. conditions6. A. difficulty B. differenceC.mistake D.background7. A. away B. downC. out D. apart8. A. fortunate B. responsibleC. generous D. typical9. A. share B. connectC. combine D. provide10. A. opportunities B. possibilitiesC. communities D. abilities11. A. motivation B. attractionC. impression D.expectation12. A. purchasing B. washingC. keeping D. donating13. A. Before B. ButC. So D. As14. A. easy B. hopefulC. helpful D.tough15. A. energies B. effortsC.plans D.troubles16. A. know B. ensureC. discover D.fancy17. A.programme B. ceremonyC. organization D.family18. A. clothes B. giftsC. books D. footwear19. A. talkabout B. workoutC. leavefor D. worryabout20. A. gain B. raiseC.offer D. save二、閱讀理解Teenagersarenotgettingenoughsleep,accordingtonewresearchfromtheMailmanSchoolofPublicHealth,managedbyColumbiaUniversity.Nowresearcherswanttoknowthecausesfortheirlackofrest.Sleephabitsofteenagersweremeasuredoveraperiodoftwodecadesbyresearchers,whosurveyed272，077peoplewhowentthroughtheirteenyearsbetween1991and2012.Participantswereaskedtoreporthowoftentheysleptforsevenhoursormoreanightduringthatperiod.Researchersfoundtheamountofsleepreportedbythesubjectsdecreasedoverthatperiod,suggestingteenagersaresleepinglessthantheywere25yearsago.Atotalof24percentofparticipantsreportedgettingenoughsleepin2012,downfrom30percentin1991.Around63percentofparticipantsreportedtakingsevenhoursormoreofsleepeverynightin2012,comparedto72percentin1991.InvestigatorsbelievethatInternetuseatnight,includingresearchforhomeworkandsocialmedia,couldplayaroleinkeepingteensawake.Risingobesityratescouldalsoplayapartinthischange,astheconditioniscommonlylinkedtosleepdisorders.Researcherstheorizethatevenincreasedcompetitionforadmissiontothecollegescouldplayaroleinthelackofsleepexperiencedbyadolescents(青少年）.Lackofsleepcanalsoleadtostudentsfailingtopayasmuchattentionduringclassesastheyotherwisecouldiftheywerewell-rested.Thiscanhaveanimpactontheiracademicperformance,aswellashealth.Femalesandteenagerswhoareinlowerfinancialclasseswerefoundtobethegroupsmostlikelytosufferfromlossofsleep.Males,especiallythosefromwealthierfamilies，areexperiencingthesmallestchangestotheirsleeppatterns，thenewstudyrevealed.Oddly，althoughthosefromlowerfinancialclassesreceivedlesssleepthanotherparticipants,theyreportedreceivingadequatesleepmoreoften.SomeschoolsystemsaroundtheUnitedStateshavebeenexperimentingwithlaterstarttimesfortheschoolday,whichseemstobehavingapositiveinfluenceonsleephabits.1. Whatcanwelearnfromthenewresearch?A.Theresearchershavestudieditfortwoyears.B.Childrenhavedevelopedpoorlifestyles.C.Teenagersshouldspendmoretimesleeping.D.Teenagerspaylittleattentiontotheirhealth.2. Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subjects”meaninthepassage?A.Teenagers. B.Hours.C.Participants. D.Researchers.3. Whatisthereasonwhyteenagerscan’thaveenoughsleep?A.Theyarefrequentlyworriedabouttheirweight.B.Theyputoffdoingtheirhomeworkonpurpose.C.Theyworkhardsoastoenterauniversity.D.Theyonlyfocustheirattentiononkeyuniversities.4. Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Menaresufferingaworsesleepdisorderthanwomen.B.Teenagersfromricherfamiliestendtosleepmuchless.C.Womenareregardedastheweakestgroupinsociety.D.Thecurrentsituationofteenagershasattractedattention.參考答案和解析：一、根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母填空1. generation 2.emergencies 3.delivered 4.sickness5. chance 6.considerate 7.determined 8.modest二、選詞填空（可變換形式）1. caredfor 2.areintendedfor 3.carryingon4.cameacross5.freefrom 6.bychance三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. educated 2.medical 3.intention 4.delivery5.consideration6.achievements7.qualities 8.energetic四、翻譯句子1.Itseemsthatnooneknows 2.thatthetelephonerang3. tiredandhungry 4.Ithitmeallofasudden5.caughtmyeye 6.Whynotjustwait過能力語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用一、單句改錯(cuò)1. 去掉the【解題思路】bychance是固定短語，表示”偶然，意外”。2.which→that【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，Iwillbechosenfortheteam為同位語從句，解釋說明chance的內(nèi)容，且從句不缺成分，故應(yīng)將which改為that。3.on→of【解題思路】由句意可知，此處指他想擁有一間屬于自己的房間。ofone’sown"屬于自己的"，為固定短語。onone’sown”獨(dú)自，單獨(dú)"，不符合句意。4. be后加a或success→successful【解題思路】由句意可知，此處表示''一件成功的事”，此時(shí)success為可數(shù)名詞，又因success的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，故在be后加a。又可將success改為其形容詞形式successful。5. were→was【解題思路】當(dāng)ratherthan連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與ratherthan前的主語保持一致，故將were改為was。6. he后加has【解題思路】根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語sofar可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。7.this→it【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是”ithit(s)sb_that...”句型，其中it是形式主語，真正的主語是that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，故將this改為it。8.help→helping【解題思路】devote...to...為固定短語，意為”致力于……”，其中to是介詞，其后接動(dòng)名詞形式。9. is后加that【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，is之后為一個(gè)完整的句子，并在復(fù)合句中作表語，故應(yīng)在is后加that來引導(dǎo)表語從句，其中that不能省略。10. too→so【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用so...that...引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，因此將too改為so。二、單句語法填空1. until/till【解題思路】考查狀語從句。句意:他一直等她，直到面試結(jié)束。imtil/till”直到”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句?！局R(shí)拓展】until和till同義，意為”直到"，till多用于口語，until可以放在句首，till不能。until和till用于肯定句中，其后為時(shí)間狀語（從句），此時(shí)句子（或主句）的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到until和till所表示的時(shí)間為止。2.waschosen【解題思路】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意:去年他被推選出席了先進(jìn)工作者會(huì)議。主語he是被選去出席會(huì)議，Lastyear又表明是過去，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。3.how【解題思路】考查賓語從句。句意:這個(gè)人描述了他們遇到過什么樣的困境，又是如何解決難題的。根據(jù)句中的difficult可知此處用how修飾，how+adj.+a(n)+名詞=whata(n)+adj.+名詞。4. to【解題思路】考查固定用法。句意:別指望他會(huì)對(duì)你發(fā)善心，因?yàn)樗茏运?。showsth.tosb.表示”向某人展示某物”，為固定用法。5.hadexplained【解題思路】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:他試圖要我們明白他所解釋的內(nèi)容。explain發(fā)生在tried之前，因此用過去完成時(shí)。6. waiting【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意:外面正下著傾盆大雨，所以我們不能讓他們一直在外邊等。leavesb./sth.doingsth.表示”使某人/某物一直做某事”。7. admiration【解題思路】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，這個(gè)城市吸引了世界的贊賞。admiration是admire的名詞形式，表示”欽佩，贊賞，羨慕"。8. as【解題思路】考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:無人駕駛汽車被認(rèn)為和我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪惺褂玫钠胀ㄆ囈粯影踩?。as...as之間通常接形容詞或副詞原級(jí)，有時(shí)該形容詞還可修飾另一名詞，但這個(gè)名詞應(yīng)帶有不定冠詞。注意順序”as+形容詞+a(n)+單數(shù)名詞+as.…”9. safety【解題思路】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。句意:雖然遇到暴風(fēng)雨，但船上所有的人都安然無恙。根據(jù)句中的介詞in可知此處應(yīng)用名詞。10. into【解題思路】考查固定短語。句意:在選擇旅館時(shí)我們必須考慮到費(fèi)用。takesth.intoconsideration是固定短語，表示”顧及，考慮到"。三、語法填空【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者減肥的故事，最后作者和我們分享了自己減肥成功的三個(gè)要訣。1. that【解題思路】考查定語從句。所填詞引導(dǎo)定語從句，先行詞是something，指物，因此引導(dǎo)詞只能用that,且在從句中作主語。2. but【解題思路】考查連詞。逗號(hào)前后兩句話有轉(zhuǎn)折意味，即可以快速減肥但是與此同時(shí)又不想一整天都坐在體操館里面。故填表轉(zhuǎn)折含義的連詞but。3.the【解題思路】考查冠詞。序數(shù)詞last前需要用定冠詞，thelast+名詞，意為”最后的 "，此處的thelastthingthatIwantedtodo意為”我最不想做的事情”。4.choice【解題思路】考查詞形轉(zhuǎn)換。所填詞前出現(xiàn)了不定冠詞并且作make的賓語，因此應(yīng)該用名詞形式，makeachoice”做出選擇"。5. researched【解題思路】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)上文中的”Ididagoodamountofresearchtoo"可知，做研究這件事發(fā)生在過去，這里應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)，故填researched。6.most【解題思路】考查形容詞最高級(jí)?？涨懊媸褂昧硕ü谠~the,據(jù)此可知應(yīng)該用much的最高級(jí)形式，意為”跑步給予我的是最多的”。7. Losing【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作主語，且表示一般性的行為，故用動(dòng)名詞形式。8. it【解題思路】考查代詞。itistimetodosth.”是做某事的時(shí)候了"。it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。9. tostick【解題思路】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用不定式作后置定語。10. about【解題思路】考查介詞。beseriousabout”對(duì) 認(rèn)真"。過拓展語言能力提升一、完形填空【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了NicholasLowinger建立了一個(gè)組織，這個(gè)組織旨在為無家可歸的兒童捐贈(zèng)鞋子?！局攸c(diǎn)詞語鏈接】1.showoff炫耀自己；賣弄自己Youngkidsmayliketoshowoffabit,andthat’sunderstandable.小孩子有點(diǎn)喜歡賣弄自己，那是可以理解的。2.ensure付.保證；確保Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteandthoroughplan.為了保證成功，我們必須要有一個(gè)完整、周密的計(jì)劃。1.A【解題思路】根據(jù)下文中的”hismomtoldhimnottodoso”可知，此處指Nicholas自豪地向其他孩子炫耀自己的新運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。showoff”炫耀自己'?。2. B【解題思路】參見上題解析。proudly"自豪地"。3. C【解題思路】根據(jù)語境可知，此處是母親在向Nicholas解釋不讓他這么做的原因。4. C【解題思路】當(dāng)Nicholas在收容所看到那里的孩子時(shí)，他很快(quickly)就注意到他們的生活狀況與他自己的大不相同。5. D【解題思路】參見上題解析。condition”（居住、工作或做事情的）境況，條件”。6. B【解題思路】根據(jù)