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Lesson08Afamousmonastery著名的修道院
Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語
Monasteryn.寺院,修道院
Abbotn.男修道院院長
Conventn.女修道會,女修道院
Nunn.修女
abbessn.女修道院院長
St.?Bemard圣伯納德
Passn.關(guān)隘
Watchdogn.看門狗
Rashlyadv.莽撞地,冒失地
Boldlyadv.大膽地,顯眼地
Enclosuren.圍場,圈地
Monkn.和尚
Privacyn.清靜,隱居
Skiern.滑雪者
Skin.滑雪橇vi.滑雪(-goskiing)
Eastern.復(fù)活節(jié)
-atEaster在復(fù)活節(jié)/atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)/atThanksgiving在感恩節(jié)
connect(v.連接,聯(lián)合,關(guān)連)
Switzerland(n.瑞士,歐洲中部國家)
Italy(n.意大利,歐洲南部國家)
Metre=Meter(n.米,公尺)
Lie,Lay,Lain,Lying(vi.位于,躺,平放)
Lay,Laid,Laid,Lying(vt.放置,產(chǎn)卵)
Europe(n.歐洲)Asia(n.亞洲)
Tunnel(n.隧道,地道)Attempt(vt.嘗試,企圖)
Freedom(n.自由,自主)Wander(vi.漫步,徘徊)
Regular(adj.規(guī)則的,有秩序的,經(jīng)常的)
Party(n.團體,一伙人)
Peace(n.靜寂,安寧,和平,和睦)
Minusadj.負(fù)的,減的prep.減去n.負(fù)數(shù)
Minusadj.負(fù)的負(fù)的或在負(fù)值區(qū)間的
aminusvalue一個負(fù)值/minusfivedegrees零下五度
Degreen.度數(shù),度,程度
Text課文
WhataretheSt.Bernarddogsusedfor?
TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.
把...與???連接在一‘起connect,,?to???/join??,.to…/link…with???
connect...with把…與某事聯(lián)系在一起
—Ican'tconnectthepicturewithmyfriend,Mary.
be?connected?with與…有聯(lián)系
-Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?
At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.
At?2,473?metres(介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示皮因、條件或狀態(tài))
-Inred,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.
—Attheageof25,heisable.在十五歲的時候,他很能干。
—Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.
ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,witchwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,
liesabout
amileaway.
Found(v.建立,創(chuàng)立)=setup(設(shè)立,豎立)=establish(vt.成立,建立)
限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句最大的區(qū)別:
1>非限制性定語從句只是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補充、說明
和解釋,去掉
對主句影響不大。
2>限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分。
l>who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句主要指人做主語
-Mr.SmithwasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.
—Mr.Smith,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasafamouspersoninAmerican
history.
-Therewereveryfewpassengers,whoescapedwithoutseriousinjury,(n.傷害)
旅客很少,他們都逃出來了,沒有受到重傷。
—Therewereveryfewpassengerswhoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.
沒有受重傷而逃出來的旅客很少。
一Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.
所有司機都知道堵車的事,都走了別的路。
--Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad,andothers
whodidn'tknow
aboutthetrafficjamstilltookthisheavyroad.
得知堵車的司機走了別的路,不知道堵車事件的司機仍然走這條路。
2>指代事物在非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中只能使用which,不用thato
一Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlythesumIneeded.
3>指代時間when>地點where
-Hewasleftonthedesertisland,wherehestayedforaslongasthreeweeks.
他被留在了荒島上,在那里他呆了長達(dá)三周之久。
Forhundredsofyears,St.Bernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellers
crossingthe
dangerousPass.
Life(n.生命,生活)alives(life的復(fù)數(shù))
Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedas
watchdogsevenin
Romantimes.
which指代friendly?dogs
-Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,wasusedasasymboloffriendship
symbol(n.象征)
Nowthatatunnelahsbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassisless
dangerous,buteach
year,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.
Now?that既然
1>用做時間連接詞,后面通常跟完成式
—Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.
2>用做原因連接詞時,后面時態(tài)不限
-Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmyself.
whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however
=nomatterwho/what/when/where/which/how
—Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.無論什么時候你想打電話給我都
行。
-Whicheverdayyoucome,we'11bepleasedtoseeyou.
—Whereveryougo,I'11followyou.
--Howeverbusyyouare,youmustsparesometimetostudyEnglish.
Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocross
thePasson
foot.
Despite(介詞)=in?spite?of(of是介詞)
attempt?to?do?something?=try?to?do?something企圖做某事
Therebe結(jié)構(gòu):
--TherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.
=TherearestillafewstudentswhoarestudyingEnglishintheclassroom.
依舊有些學(xué)生在教室學(xué)習(xí)英語。
Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedby
thousandsof
peoplewhocrossthePassincars.
incars=bycar
Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecial
enclosure.
About(adv.到處,周圍)
-Don'tlitterwastepaperabout.不要到處扔廢紙。Litter(vt.亂丟,鋪草,弄
亂)
-lookabout至lj處看/goabout至lj處走/runabout至U處跑/wanderabout
到處閑逛
keep經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞搭配使用,表示使某人或某物處于某種
狀態(tài)。
-Keephimout./Keephimin.(介詞)
-Dokeepthecatintheroom.(介詞)
—I4m?sorry?to?keep?you?waiting.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
—The?lamb?was?kept?tight?to?a?tree.=Ikeptthelambtighttoatree.
lamb(n.小羊,羔羊)/tight(adj.緊的,繃緊的)
Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.
quitetheopposite恰恰相反
Thetemperaturedropsto-30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.
Themonkspreferwintertosummeroftheyhavemoreprivacy.
preferAtoB寧愿A也不愿B
-Ipreferreadingtodoingnothing.我寧愿看書,也不愿什么都不做。
-Theboyprefersapplestobananas.
prefertodosththandosth
-Hepreferstoreadthandonothing.我寧愿看書,也不愿什么都不做。
Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheir
enclosure.
Theonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogo
thereat
ChristmasandEaster.
TheregularvisitorstoBeiJing.
Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofmountains,alwaysreceiveawarm
welcomeat
St.Bernardsmonastery.
Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,enterforthegame.
Chess(n.國際象棋)
Specialdifficulties難點
1>what
2>whenengaged(adj.忙碌的,使用中的)
3>who
Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇
1...Cbe?best?known?for?=?be?famous?for眾所周知,因…而著名
attraction(n.吸引,吸引力)trap(vt,使受限制,設(shè)陷)
2...Cthemainadvantage(n.好處,優(yōu)勢,有利條件)
endanger(vt.危及)
Swiss(n.瑞士人adj.瑞士的,瑞士人的)
Italian(n.意大利人,意大利語adj.意大利的,意大利語的,意大利文化的)
3...Ddiffer(vi.不一致,不同)
occupation(n.工作,職業(yè))undisturbed(adj.不受打擾的)
pursue(vt.從事,繼續(xù),追趕)relatively(adv.相對地,比較地)
4...D名詞作表語(原句中為at介詞短語作狀語)
5...A形容詞或副詞和enough?to?do搭配
b)選項錯在so?rash?as?to(—You?are?so?kind?as?to?help?me.)
6...Awith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式
-Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.
—Withsomanypeoplearoundme,Ifellhappy.
7...C讓某人做某事:let?sb?do
8...C泛泛的概念采取一般現(xiàn)在時
9...B強調(diào)兩者之間
10...A
whenever=if?ever無論什么時候,只要情況是如此
—Whenever/ifeveryoupouroilonwater,itfloats.(vi.飄浮)
in?case(conj.萬一)展要是討論預(yù)防措施
—Youshouldinsureyourhouseincasethereisafire.
11...Dvoyage(n.vi.航海,航行)
12...Cwander=roam(v.漫游,閑逛,徜徉)
graze(v.放牧,吃草)
drift(n.v.漂流)=float(n.v.浮動,飄浮)
wonder(vt.想知道,感到奇怪)
Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克”號的沉沒
Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語
Southamptonn.南安普敦(英國港市)
Colossaladj.龐大的(=largeinsize)
--AshipTitanicwascolossal.
—Acolossalmonument/Acolossalstatue
big
-Yougivemeabigsurprise.
-Heisabigperson.(重要)
-Theboxisbig.(largeandheavy)
large(體積大、數(shù)量大)
—an?empty?large?box(體積大)/a?large?number?of?people(數(shù)量大)
great?(偉大)
vast?(遼闊、廣闊)?—vast?desert
immense(adj.極廣大的,無邊的)
—immense=immeasurable?不可測量的(measurableadj.可測量的)
—animmensestadium/animmenseiceberg
enormous(重點突出數(shù)量、程度、體積)一強調(diào)程度時比big語氣,且更正
式。
-Wehadanenormouslunch.
--Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadeanenormoussuccess.
Giant(n.巨人,大力士adj.龐大的,巨大的)=gigantic(adj.巨人般的,巨大
的)
--a?giant?person?
tremendous(=big>fast、powerful)
—Theplaneistravellingattremendousspeed.
Titanic(用于修飾人和物、體積大、力量大)
—The?ship?is?titanic.
Huge
一強調(diào)體積大a?huge?stone/數(shù)量巨大a?huge?sum?of?money
watertightadj.不漏水的(--awatertightship)
watertight(引申為無限可擊的、毫無破綻電I)
--watertight?arguments無懈可擊的論點/watertight?excuse毫無破綻的借
口
waterproof(adj.防水的)proof(adj.不能透入的)
—waterproof?watch防水手表/waterproof?coat防水雨衣
compartmentn.(輪船的)密封艙
floodv.充滿水(=befilledwithwater)
—Theshipisflooded.
-Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.
--Ourclassroomisfloodedwithsunshine.
Floodn.洪水(-in?flood洪水泛濫)
—Duringtherains,theriverisinflood
引申表示連續(xù)不斷的、滔滔不絕的(-in?a?flood?of?words?)
—Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsonseeinghim.
Floatv.漂浮,飄浮=drift(vi,vt漂浮,漂蕩,漂流n.漂流物,漂流)
tragicadj.悲慘的(=unfortunate)-atragicaccident
miserable(adj.痛苦的,悲慘的)
bitteradj.痛苦的
tragedyn.悲劇,慘案(--in?tragedy以悲劇形式)
-Theholidayendedintragedy.
Comedyn.喜劇
comicadj.喜劇的,滑稽的
comicaladj.古怪的,可笑的(含有貶義)
linern.班船
voyagen.航行(海上航行)/flight飛行/journey長途行程
-Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.
navigation航海,航行學(xué),航海[航空]術(shù)
-navigationlight夜航燈光,導(dǎo)航燈
Icebergn.冰111
lookoutn.了望員
collisionn.碰撞
collide?vi?碰撞,抵觸
—Theplanecollidedwiththemountain.
無效?v.墜毀
—Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethat無效edinthemountains.
conflict?vi.和某事(某人)相抵觸
—Myideaconflictswithyours.
clash?vi.相沖突
—His?wedding?clashed?with?my?examination,so?I?couldn't?go.
Narrowlyadv.剛剛,勉強地
missv.避開
slightadj.輕微的
tremblev.震顫(有規(guī)律的、小幅度的抖動)
—Look,yourhandsaretrembling,what'swrongwithyou?
Shiver?v.強調(diào)由于寒冷、懼怕而一連串地抖動
-Ifoundheshiveringinacold.
shudder?vi.強調(diào)全身的顫栗
--Theboyisshuddering,why?Becausehewasfrightened.
Faintadj.微弱的(=weakadj.弱的,虛弱的)
--faintsound,weaksound/weakvoice,faintvoice
=unconscious(adj.失去知覺,無意識的)
-Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.
slight?adj.輕微的,微不足道的
-aslightheadache點輕微的頭疼/aslightbook一本微不足道的書
horrorn.恐懼
abandonv.拋棄(因為某事而被迫放充自己喜愛的事物)
--Heabandonedhisresearchbecauseofthewar.
desert?(vt.放棄,遺棄,離棄)
—desertthearmy/deserttheduty/deserthisfamily
plungev.投入,跳入(=jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly)
—Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothewater.
—WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,alargenumberofpeopleplunged
into...
jump(側(cè)重強調(diào)快速地跳)
--Theboyisjumpingupanddown.
Leapvt.跳躍,跳越(—He?leapt?out?of?the?sleeping?bad.)
Divevi.潛水,跳水,下潛,俯沖
lifeboatn.救生船
passengern.乘客,旅客
crewn.全體人員tonn.噸,大量,許多
unsinkableadj.不會下沉的,不會沉底的
sinking”.沉沒Atlanticn.大西洋adj.大西洋的
Alarmn.警報
Sharplyadj.突然地,急居地,強烈地,尖銳地
Directadj.直接的,筆直的
Tremblingadj.發(fā)抖的,震顫的,顫抖的n.發(fā)抖,震顫
Text課文
Whatwouldhavehappenedifonlytwoofthesixteenwater-tightcompartments
hadbeenflooded?
Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,
1912.
The?great?ship,Titanic,sailed?for...背景介紹
sail?for…航海去往某處
set?out?for/setofffor出發(fā)去往某處
leavefor/headfor/makefor出發(fā)去往某處
—HewillsetoutfortheAtlantic.
-Theplaneismakingfortheairport.
一WeareheadingforCanada.
Shewascarrying1,316passengersandacrewof891.
Shewascarrying...(carry?表示載有)
a?crew?of一組人員
Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.
modern?standards?現(xiàn)代的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
by=?according?to?表示依據(jù)
一by?regulation依據(jù)規(guī)則(regulationn.規(guī)則,規(guī)章)
-by?rules依據(jù)條例(rulen.規(guī)則,慣例)
-by?our?estimate依據(jù)我們的估計(estimaten.估計,估價,評估v.估計,估
價,評估)
--by?one^s?looks?=by?ones?appearance根據(jù)某人的長相(appearancen.
外貌,出現(xiàn))
according?。…依據(jù)(事實、課文等客觀存在的現(xiàn)實)
-according?to?the?fact依據(jù)事實
--according?to?the?text依據(jù)這篇課文
inaccordancewith=accordingto
in?accordance?with…依據(jù)(法律等),更加正式
—inaccordancewithlaw/inaccordancewithrules
in?my?opinion在我看來
Atthetime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,
butwas
regardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.
At?that?time在當(dāng)時
not?only...but(also)...不僅???而且???
be?regarded?as=be?considered?to?be=be?thought?of?as把…看作為
口語中:regard?sb./sth.?As+(n./pom./adj./doing/done)
—Iregardhisideaastotallyunacceptable,(adj.無法接受的,不受歡迎的)
-Wecanitregardthematterassettled,(adj.定下的,決定的)
for?表示原因
Eveniftwoofthesewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.
be?able?to強調(diào)有能力
Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewent
downonher
firstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.
be?remembered被永遠(yuǎn)記住(alwaysadv.永遠(yuǎn),始終,總是)
godown=sink
on?her?first?voyage處女航,首航
with?heavy?loss?of?life損失慘重,造成大批人員的死亡
Fourdaysaftersettingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywaterof
theNorth
Atlantic,hugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.
fourdaysaftersettingout...=fourdaysaftersettingoff...
spotted=discovered
icy(adj.冰冷的,冷淡的,蓋著冰的)waters(n.水域海域)
Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedshaiplytoavoidadirect
collision.
the?alarm?had?been?given發(fā)出警報
to?avoid...不定式表目的
TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhich
roseover
100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.
Justintime很及時
Missing-現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語,對主句的補充說明
which?指代the?immense?wall?of?ice
Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwent
downtosee
whathadhappened.
from?below從下方/from?above從上方
Thenoisehadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughthattheshiphadbeendamaged.
Sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat...(so...that--?)
Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,for
fiveofher
sixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!
to?ones?horror使某人感到驚恐
to?one's?surprise使某人感到驚訝
Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicy
water.
The?order?was?given命令被下達(dá)/to?abandon?ship棄船(不定式做定語)
-beabletodosth能夠做某事/theabilitytodosth做某事的能力
-ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事/theordertodosth做某事的命令
-be?capable?of?doing?sth有能力做某事/capability?of?doing?sth做某事的
能力
ability(n.能力,才干)
capable(adj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的)
capability(n.能力,才能,才干)
Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.
As=because
Specialdifficulties難點
1>動詞后加-er
如果是以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的,只加r(表示行為的主動者,做某事的人)。
workaworker/teachateacher/writeawriter/readareader
murder(vt.謀殺,兇殺)amurderer(n.殺人犯,兇手)
2>動詞、名詞后加-ist(表示某種主義信仰者,從事某種職業(yè)、研究的人。)
Copyacopyist(n.抄寫員,模仿者)
無效atypist(n.打字員)
novel(n.小說,長篇故事)anovelist(n.小說作家)
drug(n.藥)adruggist(n.藥商,藥劑師)
tobacco(n.煙草,煙草制品)atobacconist(n.煙草商,煙店)
3>形容詞后加-ness(抽象名詞,表示一種性質(zhì)、情況、狀態(tài))
kindakindness(n.仁慈,親切,好意,善意)
bitterabitterness(n.苦味,辛酸,苦難)
happyahappiness(n.幸福,快樂)以結(jié)尾要變y為i加ness.
willing(adj.樂意的,自愿的)dwillingness(n.自動自發(fā),積極肯干)
4>某些動詞后加-ion,構(gòu)成名詞。
Suggestasuggestion
possess(vt.占有,擁有,持有)apossession(n.擁有,占有)
collectacollection(n.收藏,搜集品)
以-te結(jié)尾的動詞,把不發(fā)音的-e去掉,在加-ion.
Translate(vt.翻譯,解釋,轉(zhuǎn)化)atranslation(n.翻譯,譯文,轉(zhuǎn)化)
completeacompletion(n.完成)
graduate(v.(使)(大學(xué))畢業(yè))agraduation(n.畢業(yè),畢業(yè)典禮)
某些以-aim/-ain結(jié)尾的動詞、把-i去掉,在加-ation.
Explain(v.解釋,說明)aexplanation(n.解釋,解說,說明)
Exclaim(v.呼喊,驚叫,大聲叫)aexclamation(n.驚叫,喊叫)
5>(以-able/-ible結(jié)尾的)形容詞之后加-ity變成(以-ability/-ibility結(jié)尾的)
抽象名詞
(表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài))
ableaability
probable(adj.很可能的,大概的)Gprobability(n.可能性,或然性,概率)
possible(adj.可能的)apossibility(n.可能性,可能發(fā)生的事物)
mobile(adj.可移動的,機動的)amobility(n.活動性,靈活性,機動性)
Exercise:
Violin(n.小提琴)aviolinist(n.小提琴演奏者,小提琴家)
Responsible(adj.有責(zé)任的,可靠的)aresponsibility(n.責(zé)任,職責(zé))
Careless(adj.粗心的,疏忽的)acarelessness
1>physics(n.物理學(xué))aphysicist(n.物理學(xué)者,唯物論者)
2>mine(n.礦v.開采,開礦)aminer(n.礦工)
3>human(n.人類adj.人類的)ahumanity(n.人性,人類)
4>impress(vt.留下印象)aimpression(n.印象感想)
—makeagoodimpression
5>original(adj.最初的,原始的)aoriginality(n.創(chuàng)意,創(chuàng)造性)
Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇
1...Dmaiden(n.少女,處女a(chǎn)dj.未婚的,純潔的,處女的)
—on?her?first?=maiden?voyage首航,處女航
2--Ccourse(n.過程,路線,課程)
-steep(adj.陡峭的,險峻的)asteeply(adv,險峻地)
3…A
4...Bonboardher(her指代的是the?great?ship)
-onboardtheplane在飛機上
-onboardthetrain在火車上
一onboardtheship在輪船上
5...D表示下沉的可能性
6-D有了“段時間"fourdays,所以用過去完成進行時。
7…Bso位于句首,句子必須倒裝。
8...D
9...Aveer(vi.轉(zhuǎn)向vt,使轉(zhuǎn)向)=turn
10...Cjust?in?time=withnotimetospare?躲得很及時
innexttonotime=atonce=immediately
on?a?sudden?impulse憑一時的沖動(impulsen.沖動,推動,刺激)
11...B重點在于下去調(diào)查
investigate(v.調(diào)查,研究)examine(v.檢查,調(diào)查)
12...Aroom(n.空間)
volume(n.容量,容積)
area(n.范圍,區(qū)域,地區(qū))
place(n.地方,地點)
Lesson11Notguilty無罪
Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語
Guiltyadj.犯罪的,違法的
-Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn'thavedone.
—Hesaidthatwithaguiltysmile.
Guilt(n.罪行,內(nèi)疚)guiltily(adv.有罪地,有罪似地)
反義詞:innocent(adj.清白的,無罪的)innocence(n.清白)
tolerantadj.寬容的aTolerantly(adv.)
--Atolerantpersonmustbeeasygoing.一個寬容的人一定是很好相處的。
Tolerance(n.寬容,忍受,容忍)Tolerate(vt.忍受,容忍)
Tolerable(adj.可忍受的)hardship(n.困苦,艱難,辛苦)
—Thehardshipistolerable.這種困苦還是可以忍受的。
declarev.申報
hardenedadj.有經(jīng)驗的(側(cè)重于老練的)
—ahardenedplayer/ahardenedthief
experiencedadj.富有經(jīng)驗的(側(cè)重于有經(jīng)驗的)
—anexperiencedteacher
professionaladj.職業(yè)的,專業(yè)的
—aprofessionalplayer一個職業(yè)的選手
smugglern.走私者
officiousadj.愛管閑事的/Officiousness(n.)
-Alotofoldladiesareofficious.
Officiousadj多管閑事的,非官方的,非正式的,專橫的
-civil(adj.全民的,市民的,公民的,國民的)
—servant(n.仆人)
-civilservantn.文職人員,公務(wù)員,公仆,(聯(lián)合國等機構(gòu)的行政人員)
-officiouscivilservant愛管閑事的的公務(wù)員
-anofficiouspoliceofficer專橫的的警官
Officiously(adv.多管閑事的,非正式的,非官方的)
officialadj.官方的,官員的,正式的
-Anofficialinquirywillbemadeintothismatter,(inquiryn.質(zhì)詢,調(diào)查)
此事將進行一次官方調(diào)查。
Confidentlyadv.自信地(二w汕?confidence?充滿信心的)
--Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.
Confident(adj.自信的,確信的)
Confidence(n.信心)
—have?confidence有信心/gain?confidence獲得信心
in?confidence(悄悄的,秘密的)=secretly
take?sbinto?one's?confidence以某人為心腹
—Thebosstakeshissecretaryintohisconfidence.
dreadfuladj.可怕的,一團糟的(=frightfuladj.糟糕的,討厭的)
dreadful(側(cè)重于可怕的,亂七八糟的)
--Theroomisdreadful/afrightfulday
fearful(表示膽怯的,恐懼的)
—shefeltfearfulparticularlywhenshewentoutatnight.(adv.獨特地,顯著地)
pouncev.猛抓,撲住
perfumen.香水(人造的)
fragrance(抽象名詞)n.芬芳,芳香,香氣,香味
sarcasticallyadv.諷刺地
exemptadj.被免除的
dutyn.稅
—Customs?Duty關(guān)稅/duty?free免稅的
—Stamp?Duty印花稅(stampn.郵票,印花,圖章,標(biāo)志)
同義詞:taxn.稅,稅款,稅金
—income?tax所得稅
geln.凝膠
mixturen」昆合物
mix(v.使7昆和,¥昆淆,?昆合)-mixsthWith
—Oildoesnotmixwithwater.油不能和水融合在一起
unscrewv.擰開
nostriln.鼻孔
chalkn.粉筆
baggagen.行李
同義詞:luggage(n.行李,皮箱)
troublevt.(使)煩惱,麻煩,打擾
hidevt.vi.(hid,hidden,hiding)隱藏
ehint.(表示驚奇、疑問等)啊,嗯
particular(adj.特殊的,特別的,獨特的)
particularly(adv.異常地,顯著地,特別地,格外,尤其)
importn.進口,進口貨(常用復(fù)數(shù)),輸入
encouraging(adj.鼓勵的)encouragingly(adv.鼓勵的)
greetvt.問候,向…致意,映入眼簾
convincevt.使確信,使信服
Text課文
WhatwastheCustomsOfficerlookingfor?
CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthesedays,buttheycanstillstopyouwhen
youare
goingthroughtheGreenChannelandhavenothingtodeclare.
theGreenChannel=theCustomOffice
我們在運用形容詞、動詞時,往往需要用副詞來強調(diào)。
Really(表示“真正的”)
--areallyofficiousperson
particularly(強調(diào)“特別,尤其是”)
absolutely(強調(diào)“絕對的”)
completely=entirely=fully=thoroughly(強調(diào)”完全的,徹底的“)
extremely(強調(diào)“特別,特別是")
fairlyadv.相當(dāng)?shù)?,還算(語氣一般)
-afairlygookbook.一本還算可以的書。
very(語氣程度強烈“非?!保?/p>
-averygoodbook.一本非常好的書。
rather語意程度接近fairly,注意不冠詞的位置。
—afairlygoodbook.
—arathergoodbook=ratheragoodbook(更常用)
quiteright/quitwrong/quitemistaken/quitesure
evenreallyhonestpeople...
aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustomsofficer...
Evenreallyhonestpeopleareoftenmadetofeelguilty.
aremadetofeelguilty
make,have,let及感官性動詞see,hear,notice,feel?用于主動語態(tài),符合賓語
不定式的符號t。
應(yīng)省略。但這種結(jié)構(gòu)改成被動式時,不定式符號to必須還原。
--Weheardsomeonecomeupthestairs.
—Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.
Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherhand,isnevertroubledbysuch
feelings,
evenifhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitcase.
=Evenif/thoughhehasfivehundredgoldenwatchesthatarehiddeninhis
suitcase.
hiddeninhissuitcase(過去分詞短語作定語,修飾watches)
Ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand…。
--Ontheonehandwecouldstayandhelpyou,butontheotherhanditmightbe
betterifyou
wenttohelphiminstead.
WhenIreturnedformabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustoms
Officer
clearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.
'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?’heasked,lookingmeintheeye.
looking?me?in?the?eye兩眼直盯盯的注視著我
=looksbintheface=staresbintheeyes=lookdirectlyatsb
一Notoneofthemendaredlookhimintheeye.沒有人敢正眼看他。
‘NoIansweredconfidently.
iWouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaseplease?’'Notatall,'Ianswered.
Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcase,please?
注意:mind后面的動名詞形式
TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.
=TheOfficerexaminedthecasecarefully
with?great?care強調(diào)相當(dāng)?shù)淖屑?xì)
AllthethingIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.
in?a?mess亂作一團
介詞in?和名詞搭配,表示一種狀態(tài)
—in?good?order秩序井然/-in?good?health身體健康
—in?a?good?mood心情好/--in?a?good?temper脾氣好
IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.
Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.
light?up喜氣洋洋,容光煥發(fā)
—Marsha's?face?lit?up?when?she?saw?her?old?friend.
—Hisfacelightedupatthesmalltriumph,(n.勝利,成功)
--Tomreallylightedupwhenhesawthenewbicycle.
Light的過去式與過去分詞即可以是lit,也可以是lighted.
-但是如果運用過去分詞作定語,表示被點燃的,要用lightedo
-a?Iighted?cigar一支被點燃的雪茄
-a?lighted?stick點燃的火炬
Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwith
delight.
with?delight欣喜若狂地(with和抽象名詞搭配,表示內(nèi)心充滿了一種感
情)
—with?confidence自信地/—with?care細(xì)心地
—with?pride驕傲地/—with?delight欣喜若狂地
pounce?on向…猛撲過去,對…大做文章
—The?policeman?pounced?on?the?thief.警察向小偷猛撲過去。
-Don'tpounceonmymistake.不要對我的錯誤大做文章。
'Perfume,eh?’heaskedsarcastically.’Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.Perfume
isnotexempt
fromimportduty.’
should?have和過去分詞搭配(表示本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒有做,具有譴責(zé)性的味
道)
—Youshouldhavearrivedherefiveminutesearlier.
--Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutit.
shouldn't?have?done本不應(yīng)該做某事
exemptv.免除adj.被免除的(beexemptfrom)
--Drinksarenotexemptfromimportduty.Perfumeisnotexemptfromimport
dutyeither.
"Butitisn'tperfume,"Isaid.'It'shairgel.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,
‘It'sastrangemixture
Imakemyself.’
AsIexpected,hedidnotbelieveme.
As:關(guān)系代詞(引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,它所指代的內(nèi)容就是主句的整個句
子的含義)
—As?we?know,the?earth?is?round.眾所周知,地球是圓的。
-As?Imentioned正如我所提及的
—As?I?soon?leamed,hewasEnglishhimself.正如我很快得知的,他也是英國
人。一
關(guān)系代詞as和which的區(qū)別:
as所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,可用在主句之前。
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,只能用在主句之后。
'Tryit!’Isaidencouragingly.
Encouragingly副詞形式
Theofficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.
HewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmellwhichconvincedhimthatIwastelling
thetruth.
Greet
l>vt.問候,向…致意
2>vt.覺察至U,呈現(xiàn)在…眼前,在…耳邊
—Iwokeupandwasgreetedbyabirdsong.當(dāng)我醒來時,耳邊是鳥鳴聲。
—Insidetheroomadreadfulmessgreetedus.當(dāng)我進入房間,眼前是一堆亂七
八糟的東西。
—Whenhewentintothekitchen,asmellgreetedhim.
Afewminuteslater,Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalkmarksonmy
baggage.
Preciousadj,寶貴的,貴重的
Specialdifficulties難點
Canadan.加拿大
Canadianadj.加拿大的n.加拿大人
Expectationn.期待,預(yù)料
Francen.法國,法蘭西
Frenchn.法國人,法語adj.法國的,法國人的,法語的
GermanyIL德國
Germann.德國人,德語adj.德國的,德國人的,德語的
Danishn.丹麥語adj.丹麥而
Denmarkn.丹麥(北歐國家,首都哥本哈根)
Copenhagenn.哥本哈根
Tivolin.提沃利(意大利中部一城市)
Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇
l.Cpotential(adj.潛在的,可能的)
2.Cwhat提問a名詞回答idea(n.想法,念頭)
3.Asmuggle(n.走私,偷帶v.走私)
4.D
5.Clookhimintheeyes/face=lookdirectlyathim
6.Bwouldyoukindlydosthplease?(一種有禮貌的請求)
7.Ashould=oughtto
8.AHavingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.
9.Ceasy-going(adj.好相處的,隨和的)
tolerable(adj.可容忍的??能忍耐的)
placid(adj.平靜的)
negligent(adj.疏忽的,粗心大意的)
10Afeelashamedof***為…感到羞愧
unashamed(adj.不害羞的,不知恥的)
guiltless(adj.無罪的,無辜的)
11.D?
incomprehensible(=unable?to?be?understood)adj.不能理解的
technical(adj.專業(yè)性的,技術(shù)的,技術(shù)上的)
—Thearticleisfullofincomprehensibletechnicalexpressions.
Incredible(=unbelievable)adj.難以置信的,不可思議的
—Whatyousaidisincredible.
Incredulous(adj.懷疑的,不輕信的)
—Heisanincredulousperson.
Skeptical(unwilling?to?believe)adj.好懷疑的,懷疑的
12.baggage(n.行李,〈軍隊的>行裝)=luggage(n.行李,皮箱)
casement(n.門式窗)
equipment(n.裝備,設(shè)備,器材,裝置)
Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland
Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語
desert?island荒島
desertn.沙漠vt.背棄,遺棄
dessertn.甜點
unrealisticadj.不真實
paradisen.天堂,樂士
—AlotofpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadise.
Heavenn.天堂,天國(也指死亡-gotoheaven)
wretchedadj.可憐的,艱苦的
=miserableadj.痛苦的,悲慘的,可憐
-leadawretched/miserable/terrible/dog?slife.過著悲慘的生活。
starvev.挨餓(―starvetodeath餓死)
-Duringthewar,alargeofpeoplestarvedtodeath.
-hungrytodeath我餓得要死(即:我非常餓)
elementn.成分
opportunityn.機會
goldenopportunity絕好的機會
—Don'tmissanygoldenopportunities.
—opportunityknocksonlyonce千載難逢的機會
chance表機會時可以與opportunity互換(后面+ofdoing,或todo)
-IhadthechanceofvisitingParis.=IhadtheopportunityofvisitingParis.
—Hehadnoopportunitytoseeher.
chance表可能性時(=possibility),則不可opportunity互換。
--ThereisachancethatIwillseehim.我有可能見到她。
—Thechancesarethathewillbeelectedthepresident.他有可能當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。
—Thechancesarethathewillpasshisexaminationnextweek.
coraln.珊瑚
Virgin?Islands維爾京群島
Miamin.邁阿密(美國最南的城市)
Dinghyn.救生筏,小船
Caribbeann.加勒比海
spear?gun捕魚槍
lobstern.龍蝦
tankern.油輪
genuinelyadv.由
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