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Lesson08Afamousmonastery著名的修道院

Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語

Monasteryn.寺院,修道院

Abbotn.男修道院院長

Conventn.女修道會,女修道院

Nunn.修女

abbessn.女修道院院長

St.?Bemard圣伯納德

Passn.關(guān)隘

Watchdogn.看門狗

Rashlyadv.莽撞地,冒失地

Boldlyadv.大膽地,顯眼地

Enclosuren.圍場,圈地

Monkn.和尚

Privacyn.清靜,隱居

Skiern.滑雪者

Skin.滑雪橇vi.滑雪(-goskiing)

Eastern.復(fù)活節(jié)

-atEaster在復(fù)活節(jié)/atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)/atThanksgiving在感恩節(jié)

connect(v.連接,聯(lián)合,關(guān)連)

Switzerland(n.瑞士,歐洲中部國家)

Italy(n.意大利,歐洲南部國家)

Metre=Meter(n.米,公尺)

Lie,Lay,Lain,Lying(vi.位于,躺,平放)

Lay,Laid,Laid,Lying(vt.放置,產(chǎn)卵)

Europe(n.歐洲)Asia(n.亞洲)

Tunnel(n.隧道,地道)Attempt(vt.嘗試,企圖)

Freedom(n.自由,自主)Wander(vi.漫步,徘徊)

Regular(adj.規(guī)則的,有秩序的,經(jīng)常的)

Party(n.團體,一伙人)

Peace(n.靜寂,安寧,和平,和睦)

Minusadj.負(fù)的,減的prep.減去n.負(fù)數(shù)

Minusadj.負(fù)的負(fù)的或在負(fù)值區(qū)間的

aminusvalue一個負(fù)值/minusfivedegrees零下五度

Degreen.度數(shù),度,程度

Text課文

WhataretheSt.Bernarddogsusedfor?

TheGreatSt.BernardPassconnectsSwitzerlandtoItaly.

把...與???連接在一‘起connect,,?to???/join??,.to…/link…with???

connect...with把…與某事聯(lián)系在一起

—Ican'tconnectthepicturewithmyfriend,Mary.

be?connected?with與…有聯(lián)系

-Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?

At2,473metres,itisthehighestmountainpassinEurope.

At?2,473?metres(介詞短語修飾全句用于句首表示皮因、條件或狀態(tài))

-Inred,shelooksmuchmorebeautiful.

—Attheageof25,heisable.在十五歲的時候,他很能干。

—Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.

ThefamousmonasteryofSt.Bernard,witchwasfoundedintheeleventhcentury,

liesabout

amileaway.

Found(v.建立,創(chuàng)立)=setup(設(shè)立,豎立)=establish(vt.成立,建立)

限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句最大的區(qū)別:

1>非限制性定語從句只是對主句或主句中所出現(xiàn)的某個名詞的補充、說明

和解釋,去掉

對主句影響不大。

2>限制性定語從句是主句當(dāng)中不可缺少的一部分。

l>who引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句主要指人做主語

-Mr.SmithwasafamouspersoninAmericanhistory.

—Mr.Smith,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasafamouspersoninAmerican

history.

-Therewereveryfewpassengers,whoescapedwithoutseriousinjury,(n.傷害)

旅客很少,他們都逃出來了,沒有受到重傷。

—Therewereveryfewpassengerswhoescapedwithoutseriousinjury.

沒有受重傷而逃出來的旅客很少。

一Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetrafficjam,tookanotherroad.

所有司機都知道堵車的事,都走了別的路。

--Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetrafficjamtookanotherroad,andothers

whodidn'tknow

aboutthetrafficjamstilltookthisheavyroad.

得知堵車的司機走了別的路,不知道堵車事件的司機仍然走這條路。

2>指代事物在非限制性定語從句當(dāng)中只能使用which,不用thato

一Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlythesumIneeded.

3>指代時間when>地點where

-Hewasleftonthedesertisland,wherehestayedforaslongasthreeweeks.

他被留在了荒島上,在那里他呆了長達(dá)三周之久。

Forhundredsofyears,St.Bernarddogshavesavedthelivesoftravellers

crossingthe

dangerousPass.

Life(n.生命,生活)alives(life的復(fù)數(shù))

Thesefriendlydogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,wereusedas

watchdogsevenin

Romantimes.

which指代friendly?dogs

-Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,wasusedasasymboloffriendship

symbol(n.象征)

Nowthatatunnelahsbeenbuiltthroughthemountains,thePassisless

dangerous,buteach

year,thedogsarestillsentoutintothesnowwheneveratravellerisindifficulty.

Now?that既然

1>用做時間連接詞,后面通常跟完成式

—Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhavetofindajob.

2>用做原因連接詞時,后面時態(tài)不限

-Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothejobmyself.

whoever,whatever,whenever,wherever,whichever,however

=nomatterwho/what/when/where/which/how

—Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.無論什么時候你想打電話給我都

行。

-Whicheverdayyoucome,we'11bepleasedtoseeyou.

—Whereveryougo,I'11followyou.

--Howeverbusyyouare,youmustsparesometimetostudyEnglish.

Despitethenewtunnel,therearestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattempttocross

thePasson

foot.

Despite(介詞)=in?spite?of(of是介詞)

attempt?to?do?something?=try?to?do?something企圖做某事

Therebe結(jié)構(gòu):

--TherearestillafewstudentsstudyingEnglishintheclassroom.

=TherearestillafewstudentswhoarestudyingEnglishintheclassroom.

依舊有些學(xué)生在教室學(xué)習(xí)英語。

Duringthesummermonths,themonasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedby

thousandsof

peoplewhocrossthePassincars.

incars=bycar

Astherearesomanypeopleabout,thedogshavetobekeptinaspecial

enclosure.

About(adv.到處,周圍)

-Don'tlitterwastepaperabout.不要到處扔廢紙。Litter(vt.亂丟,鋪草,弄

亂)

-lookabout至lj處看/goabout至lj處走/runabout至U處跑/wanderabout

到處閑逛

keep經(jīng)常和介詞短語、形容詞、分詞搭配使用,表示使某人或某物處于某種

狀態(tài)。

-Keephimout./Keephimin.(介詞)

-Dokeepthecatintheroom.(介詞)

—I4m?sorry?to?keep?you?waiting.(現(xiàn)在分詞)

—The?lamb?was?kept?tight?to?a?tree.=Ikeptthelambtighttoatree.

lamb(n.小羊,羔羊)/tight(adj.緊的,繃緊的)

Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryisquitedifferent.

quitetheopposite恰恰相反

Thetemperaturedropsto-30°andveryfewpeopleattempttocrossthePass.

Themonkspreferwintertosummeroftheyhavemoreprivacy.

preferAtoB寧愿A也不愿B

-Ipreferreadingtodoingnothing.我寧愿看書,也不愿什么都不做。

-Theboyprefersapplestobananas.

prefertodosththandosth

-Hepreferstoreadthandonothing.我寧愿看書,也不愿什么都不做。

Thedogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyareallowedtowanderoutsidetheir

enclosure.

Theonlyregularvisitorstothemonasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswhogo

thereat

ChristmasandEaster.

TheregularvisitorstoBeiJing.

Theseyoungpeople,wholovethepeaceofmountains,alwaysreceiveawarm

welcomeat

St.Bernardsmonastery.

Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,enterforthegame.

Chess(n.國際象棋)

Specialdifficulties難點

1>what

2>whenengaged(adj.忙碌的,使用中的)

3>who

Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇

1...Cbe?best?known?for?=?be?famous?for眾所周知,因…而著名

attraction(n.吸引,吸引力)trap(vt,使受限制,設(shè)陷)

2...Cthemainadvantage(n.好處,優(yōu)勢,有利條件)

endanger(vt.危及)

Swiss(n.瑞士人adj.瑞士的,瑞士人的)

Italian(n.意大利人,意大利語adj.意大利的,意大利語的,意大利文化的)

3...Ddiffer(vi.不一致,不同)

occupation(n.工作,職業(yè))undisturbed(adj.不受打擾的)

pursue(vt.從事,繼續(xù),追趕)relatively(adv.相對地,比較地)

4...D名詞作表語(原句中為at介詞短語作狀語)

5...A形容詞或副詞和enough?to?do搭配

b)選項錯在so?rash?as?to(—You?are?so?kind?as?to?help?me.)

6...Awith的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)形式

-Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshornblaring,roareddownthearcade.

—Withsomanypeoplearoundme,Ifellhappy.

7...C讓某人做某事:let?sb?do

8...C泛泛的概念采取一般現(xiàn)在時

9...B強調(diào)兩者之間

10...A

whenever=if?ever無論什么時候,只要情況是如此

—Whenever/ifeveryoupouroilonwater,itfloats.(vi.飄浮)

in?case(conj.萬一)展要是討論預(yù)防措施

—Youshouldinsureyourhouseincasethereisafire.

11...Dvoyage(n.vi.航海,航行)

12...Cwander=roam(v.漫游,閑逛,徜徉)

graze(v.放牧,吃草)

drift(n.v.漂流)=float(n.v.浮動,飄浮)

wonder(vt.想知道,感到奇怪)

Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼克”號的沉沒

Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語

Southamptonn.南安普敦(英國港市)

Colossaladj.龐大的(=largeinsize)

--AshipTitanicwascolossal.

—Acolossalmonument/Acolossalstatue

big

-Yougivemeabigsurprise.

-Heisabigperson.(重要)

-Theboxisbig.(largeandheavy)

large(體積大、數(shù)量大)

—an?empty?large?box(體積大)/a?large?number?of?people(數(shù)量大)

great?(偉大)

vast?(遼闊、廣闊)?—vast?desert

immense(adj.極廣大的,無邊的)

—immense=immeasurable?不可測量的(measurableadj.可測量的)

—animmensestadium/animmenseiceberg

enormous(重點突出數(shù)量、程度、體積)一強調(diào)程度時比big語氣,且更正

式。

-Wehadanenormouslunch.

--Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadeanenormoussuccess.

Giant(n.巨人,大力士adj.龐大的,巨大的)=gigantic(adj.巨人般的,巨大

的)

--a?giant?person?

tremendous(=big>fast、powerful)

—Theplaneistravellingattremendousspeed.

Titanic(用于修飾人和物、體積大、力量大)

—The?ship?is?titanic.

Huge

一強調(diào)體積大a?huge?stone/數(shù)量巨大a?huge?sum?of?money

watertightadj.不漏水的(--awatertightship)

watertight(引申為無限可擊的、毫無破綻電I)

--watertight?arguments無懈可擊的論點/watertight?excuse毫無破綻的借

waterproof(adj.防水的)proof(adj.不能透入的)

—waterproof?watch防水手表/waterproof?coat防水雨衣

compartmentn.(輪船的)密封艙

floodv.充滿水(=befilledwithwater)

—Theshipisflooded.

-Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.

--Ourclassroomisfloodedwithsunshine.

Floodn.洪水(-in?flood洪水泛濫)

—Duringtherains,theriverisinflood

引申表示連續(xù)不斷的、滔滔不絕的(-in?a?flood?of?words?)

—Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwordsonseeinghim.

Floatv.漂浮,飄浮=drift(vi,vt漂浮,漂蕩,漂流n.漂流物,漂流)

tragicadj.悲慘的(=unfortunate)-atragicaccident

miserable(adj.痛苦的,悲慘的)

bitteradj.痛苦的

tragedyn.悲劇,慘案(--in?tragedy以悲劇形式)

-Theholidayendedintragedy.

Comedyn.喜劇

comicadj.喜劇的,滑稽的

comicaladj.古怪的,可笑的(含有貶義)

linern.班船

voyagen.航行(海上航行)/flight飛行/journey長途行程

-Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycanbear.

navigation航海,航行學(xué),航海[航空]術(shù)

-navigationlight夜航燈光,導(dǎo)航燈

Icebergn.冰111

lookoutn.了望員

collisionn.碰撞

collide?vi?碰撞,抵觸

—Theplanecollidedwiththemountain.

無效?v.墜毀

—Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethat無效edinthemountains.

conflict?vi.和某事(某人)相抵觸

—Myideaconflictswithyours.

clash?vi.相沖突

—His?wedding?clashed?with?my?examination,so?I?couldn't?go.

Narrowlyadv.剛剛,勉強地

missv.避開

slightadj.輕微的

tremblev.震顫(有規(guī)律的、小幅度的抖動)

—Look,yourhandsaretrembling,what'swrongwithyou?

Shiver?v.強調(diào)由于寒冷、懼怕而一連串地抖動

-Ifoundheshiveringinacold.

shudder?vi.強調(diào)全身的顫栗

--Theboyisshuddering,why?Becausehewasfrightened.

Faintadj.微弱的(=weakadj.弱的,虛弱的)

--faintsound,weaksound/weakvoice,faintvoice

=unconscious(adj.失去知覺,無意識的)

-Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.

slight?adj.輕微的,微不足道的

-aslightheadache點輕微的頭疼/aslightbook一本微不足道的書

horrorn.恐懼

abandonv.拋棄(因為某事而被迫放充自己喜愛的事物)

--Heabandonedhisresearchbecauseofthewar.

desert?(vt.放棄,遺棄,離棄)

—desertthearmy/deserttheduty/deserthisfamily

plungev.投入,跳入(=jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly)

—Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothewater.

—WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,alargenumberofpeopleplunged

into...

jump(側(cè)重強調(diào)快速地跳)

--Theboyisjumpingupanddown.

Leapvt.跳躍,跳越(—He?leapt?out?of?the?sleeping?bad.)

Divevi.潛水,跳水,下潛,俯沖

lifeboatn.救生船

passengern.乘客,旅客

crewn.全體人員tonn.噸,大量,許多

unsinkableadj.不會下沉的,不會沉底的

sinking”.沉沒Atlanticn.大西洋adj.大西洋的

Alarmn.警報

Sharplyadj.突然地,急居地,強烈地,尖銳地

Directadj.直接的,筆直的

Tremblingadj.發(fā)抖的,震顫的,顫抖的n.發(fā)抖,震顫

Text課文

Whatwouldhavehappenedifonlytwoofthesixteenwater-tightcompartments

hadbeenflooded?

Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYorkfromSouthamptononApril10th,

1912.

The?great?ship,Titanic,sailed?for...背景介紹

sail?for…航海去往某處

set?out?for/setofffor出發(fā)去往某處

leavefor/headfor/makefor出發(fā)去往某處

—HewillsetoutfortheAtlantic.

-Theplaneismakingfortheairport.

一WeareheadingforCanada.

Shewascarrying1,316passengersandacrewof891.

Shewascarrying...(carry?表示載有)

a?crew?of一組人員

Evenbymodernstandards,the46,000tonTitanicwasacolossalship.

modern?standards?現(xiàn)代的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

by=?according?to?表示依據(jù)

一by?regulation依據(jù)規(guī)則(regulationn.規(guī)則,規(guī)章)

-by?rules依據(jù)條例(rulen.規(guī)則,慣例)

-by?our?estimate依據(jù)我們的估計(estimaten.估計,估價,評估v.估計,估

價,評估)

--by?one^s?looks?=by?ones?appearance根據(jù)某人的長相(appearancen.

外貌,出現(xiàn))

according?。…依據(jù)(事實、課文等客觀存在的現(xiàn)實)

-according?to?the?fact依據(jù)事實

--according?to?the?text依據(jù)這篇課文

inaccordancewith=accordingto

in?accordance?with…依據(jù)(法律等),更加正式

—inaccordancewithlaw/inaccordancewithrules

in?my?opinion在我看來

Atthetime,however,shewasnotonlythelargestshipthathadeverbeenbuilt,

butwas

regardedasunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertightcompartments.

At?that?time在當(dāng)時

not?only...but(also)...不僅???而且???

be?regarded?as=be?considered?to?be=be?thought?of?as把…看作為

口語中:regard?sb./sth.?As+(n./pom./adj./doing/done)

—Iregardhisideaastotallyunacceptable,(adj.無法接受的,不受歡迎的)

-Wecanitregardthematterassettled,(adj.定下的,決定的)

for?表示原因

Eveniftwoofthesewereflooded,shewouldstillbeabletofloat.

be?able?to強調(diào)有能力

Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered,forshewent

downonher

firstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.

be?remembered被永遠(yuǎn)記住(alwaysadv.永遠(yuǎn),始終,總是)

godown=sink

on?her?first?voyage處女航,首航

with?heavy?loss?of?life損失慘重,造成大批人員的死亡

Fourdaysaftersettingout,whiletheTitanicwassailingacrosstheicywaterof

theNorth

Atlantic,hugeicebergwassuddenlyspottedbyalookout.

fourdaysaftersettingout...=fourdaysaftersettingoff...

spotted=discovered

icy(adj.冰冷的,冷淡的,蓋著冰的)waters(n.水域海域)

Afterthealarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturnedshaiplytoavoidadirect

collision.

the?alarm?had?been?given發(fā)出警報

to?avoid...不定式表目的

TheTitanicturnedjustintime,narrowlymissingtheimmensewalloficewhich

roseover

100feetoutofthewaterbesideher.

Justintime很及時

Missing-現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語,對主句的補充說明

which?指代the?immense?wall?of?ice

Suddenly,therewasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,andthecaptainwent

downtosee

whathadhappened.

from?below從下方/from?above從上方

Thenoisehadbeensofaintthatnoonethoughthattheshiphadbeendamaged.

Sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat...(so...that--?)

Below,thecaptainrealizedtohishorrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,for

fiveofher

sixteenwatertightcompartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!

to?ones?horror使某人感到驚恐

to?one's?surprise使某人感到驚訝

Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenandhundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicy

water.

The?order?was?given命令被下達(dá)/to?abandon?ship棄船(不定式做定語)

-beabletodosth能夠做某事/theabilitytodosth做某事的能力

-ordersbtodosth命令某人做某事/theordertodosth做某事的命令

-be?capable?of?doing?sth有能力做某事/capability?of?doing?sth做某事的

能力

ability(n.能力,才干)

capable(adj.有能力的,能干的,有可能的)

capability(n.能力,才能,才干)

Astherewerenotenoughlifeboatsforeverybody,1,500liveswerelost.

As=because

Specialdifficulties難點

1>動詞后加-er

如果是以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的,只加r(表示行為的主動者,做某事的人)。

workaworker/teachateacher/writeawriter/readareader

murder(vt.謀殺,兇殺)amurderer(n.殺人犯,兇手)

2>動詞、名詞后加-ist(表示某種主義信仰者,從事某種職業(yè)、研究的人。)

Copyacopyist(n.抄寫員,模仿者)

無效atypist(n.打字員)

novel(n.小說,長篇故事)anovelist(n.小說作家)

drug(n.藥)adruggist(n.藥商,藥劑師)

tobacco(n.煙草,煙草制品)atobacconist(n.煙草商,煙店)

3>形容詞后加-ness(抽象名詞,表示一種性質(zhì)、情況、狀態(tài))

kindakindness(n.仁慈,親切,好意,善意)

bitterabitterness(n.苦味,辛酸,苦難)

happyahappiness(n.幸福,快樂)以結(jié)尾要變y為i加ness.

willing(adj.樂意的,自愿的)dwillingness(n.自動自發(fā),積極肯干)

4>某些動詞后加-ion,構(gòu)成名詞。

Suggestasuggestion

possess(vt.占有,擁有,持有)apossession(n.擁有,占有)

collectacollection(n.收藏,搜集品)

以-te結(jié)尾的動詞,把不發(fā)音的-e去掉,在加-ion.

Translate(vt.翻譯,解釋,轉(zhuǎn)化)atranslation(n.翻譯,譯文,轉(zhuǎn)化)

completeacompletion(n.完成)

graduate(v.(使)(大學(xué))畢業(yè))agraduation(n.畢業(yè),畢業(yè)典禮)

某些以-aim/-ain結(jié)尾的動詞、把-i去掉,在加-ation.

Explain(v.解釋,說明)aexplanation(n.解釋,解說,說明)

Exclaim(v.呼喊,驚叫,大聲叫)aexclamation(n.驚叫,喊叫)

5>(以-able/-ible結(jié)尾的)形容詞之后加-ity變成(以-ability/-ibility結(jié)尾的)

抽象名詞

(表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài))

ableaability

probable(adj.很可能的,大概的)Gprobability(n.可能性,或然性,概率)

possible(adj.可能的)apossibility(n.可能性,可能發(fā)生的事物)

mobile(adj.可移動的,機動的)amobility(n.活動性,靈活性,機動性)

Exercise:

Violin(n.小提琴)aviolinist(n.小提琴演奏者,小提琴家)

Responsible(adj.有責(zé)任的,可靠的)aresponsibility(n.責(zé)任,職責(zé))

Careless(adj.粗心的,疏忽的)acarelessness

1>physics(n.物理學(xué))aphysicist(n.物理學(xué)者,唯物論者)

2>mine(n.礦v.開采,開礦)aminer(n.礦工)

3>human(n.人類adj.人類的)ahumanity(n.人性,人類)

4>impress(vt.留下印象)aimpression(n.印象感想)

—makeagoodimpression

5>original(adj.最初的,原始的)aoriginality(n.創(chuàng)意,創(chuàng)造性)

Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇

1...Dmaiden(n.少女,處女a(chǎn)dj.未婚的,純潔的,處女的)

—on?her?first?=maiden?voyage首航,處女航

2--Ccourse(n.過程,路線,課程)

-steep(adj.陡峭的,險峻的)asteeply(adv,險峻地)

3…A

4...Bonboardher(her指代的是the?great?ship)

-onboardtheplane在飛機上

-onboardthetrain在火車上

一onboardtheship在輪船上

5...D表示下沉的可能性

6-D有了“段時間"fourdays,所以用過去完成進行時。

7…Bso位于句首,句子必須倒裝。

8...D

9...Aveer(vi.轉(zhuǎn)向vt,使轉(zhuǎn)向)=turn

10...Cjust?in?time=withnotimetospare?躲得很及時

innexttonotime=atonce=immediately

on?a?sudden?impulse憑一時的沖動(impulsen.沖動,推動,刺激)

11...B重點在于下去調(diào)查

investigate(v.調(diào)查,研究)examine(v.檢查,調(diào)查)

12...Aroom(n.空間)

volume(n.容量,容積)

area(n.范圍,區(qū)域,地區(qū))

place(n.地方,地點)

Lesson11Notguilty無罪

Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語

Guiltyadj.犯罪的,違法的

-Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn'thavedone.

—Hesaidthatwithaguiltysmile.

Guilt(n.罪行,內(nèi)疚)guiltily(adv.有罪地,有罪似地)

反義詞:innocent(adj.清白的,無罪的)innocence(n.清白)

tolerantadj.寬容的aTolerantly(adv.)

--Atolerantpersonmustbeeasygoing.一個寬容的人一定是很好相處的。

Tolerance(n.寬容,忍受,容忍)Tolerate(vt.忍受,容忍)

Tolerable(adj.可忍受的)hardship(n.困苦,艱難,辛苦)

—Thehardshipistolerable.這種困苦還是可以忍受的。

declarev.申報

hardenedadj.有經(jīng)驗的(側(cè)重于老練的)

—ahardenedplayer/ahardenedthief

experiencedadj.富有經(jīng)驗的(側(cè)重于有經(jīng)驗的)

—anexperiencedteacher

professionaladj.職業(yè)的,專業(yè)的

—aprofessionalplayer一個職業(yè)的選手

smugglern.走私者

officiousadj.愛管閑事的/Officiousness(n.)

-Alotofoldladiesareofficious.

Officiousadj多管閑事的,非官方的,非正式的,專橫的

-civil(adj.全民的,市民的,公民的,國民的)

—servant(n.仆人)

-civilservantn.文職人員,公務(wù)員,公仆,(聯(lián)合國等機構(gòu)的行政人員)

-officiouscivilservant愛管閑事的的公務(wù)員

-anofficiouspoliceofficer專橫的的警官

Officiously(adv.多管閑事的,非正式的,非官方的)

officialadj.官方的,官員的,正式的

-Anofficialinquirywillbemadeintothismatter,(inquiryn.質(zhì)詢,調(diào)查)

此事將進行一次官方調(diào)查。

Confidentlyadv.自信地(二w汕?confidence?充滿信心的)

--Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.

Confident(adj.自信的,確信的)

Confidence(n.信心)

—have?confidence有信心/gain?confidence獲得信心

in?confidence(悄悄的,秘密的)=secretly

take?sbinto?one's?confidence以某人為心腹

—Thebosstakeshissecretaryintohisconfidence.

dreadfuladj.可怕的,一團糟的(=frightfuladj.糟糕的,討厭的)

dreadful(側(cè)重于可怕的,亂七八糟的)

--Theroomisdreadful/afrightfulday

fearful(表示膽怯的,恐懼的)

—shefeltfearfulparticularlywhenshewentoutatnight.(adv.獨特地,顯著地)

pouncev.猛抓,撲住

perfumen.香水(人造的)

fragrance(抽象名詞)n.芬芳,芳香,香氣,香味

sarcasticallyadv.諷刺地

exemptadj.被免除的

dutyn.稅

—Customs?Duty關(guān)稅/duty?free免稅的

—Stamp?Duty印花稅(stampn.郵票,印花,圖章,標(biāo)志)

同義詞:taxn.稅,稅款,稅金

—income?tax所得稅

geln.凝膠

mixturen」昆合物

mix(v.使7昆和,¥昆淆,?昆合)-mixsthWith

—Oildoesnotmixwithwater.油不能和水融合在一起

unscrewv.擰開

nostriln.鼻孔

chalkn.粉筆

baggagen.行李

同義詞:luggage(n.行李,皮箱)

troublevt.(使)煩惱,麻煩,打擾

hidevt.vi.(hid,hidden,hiding)隱藏

ehint.(表示驚奇、疑問等)啊,嗯

particular(adj.特殊的,特別的,獨特的)

particularly(adv.異常地,顯著地,特別地,格外,尤其)

importn.進口,進口貨(常用復(fù)數(shù)),輸入

encouraging(adj.鼓勵的)encouragingly(adv.鼓勵的)

greetvt.問候,向…致意,映入眼簾

convincevt.使確信,使信服

Text課文

WhatwastheCustomsOfficerlookingfor?

CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthesedays,buttheycanstillstopyouwhen

youare

goingthroughtheGreenChannelandhavenothingtodeclare.

theGreenChannel=theCustomOffice

我們在運用形容詞、動詞時,往往需要用副詞來強調(diào)。

Really(表示“真正的”)

--areallyofficiousperson

particularly(強調(diào)“特別,尤其是”)

absolutely(強調(diào)“絕對的”)

completely=entirely=fully=thoroughly(強調(diào)”完全的,徹底的“)

extremely(強調(diào)“特別,特別是")

fairlyadv.相當(dāng)?shù)?,還算(語氣一般)

-afairlygookbook.一本還算可以的書。

very(語氣程度強烈“非?!保?/p>

-averygoodbook.一本非常好的書。

rather語意程度接近fairly,注意不冠詞的位置。

—afairlygoodbook.

—arathergoodbook=ratheragoodbook(更常用)

quiteright/quitwrong/quitemistaken/quitesure

evenreallyhonestpeople...

aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustomsofficer...

Evenreallyhonestpeopleareoftenmadetofeelguilty.

aremadetofeelguilty

make,have,let及感官性動詞see,hear,notice,feel?用于主動語態(tài),符合賓語

不定式的符號t。

應(yīng)省略。但這種結(jié)構(gòu)改成被動式時,不定式符號to必須還原。

--Weheardsomeonecomeupthestairs.

—Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.

Thehardenedprofessionalsmuggler,ontheotherhand,isnevertroubledbysuch

feelings,

evenifhehasfivehundredgoldwatcheshiddeninhissuitcase.

=Evenif/thoughhehasfivehundredgoldenwatchesthatarehiddeninhis

suitcase.

hiddeninhissuitcase(過去分詞短語作定語,修飾watches)

Ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand…。

--Ontheonehandwecouldstayandhelpyou,butontheotherhanditmightbe

betterifyou

wenttohelphiminstead.

WhenIreturnedformabroadrecently,aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustoms

Officer

clearlyregardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?’heasked,lookingmeintheeye.

looking?me?in?the?eye兩眼直盯盯的注視著我

=looksbintheface=staresbintheeyes=lookdirectlyatsb

一Notoneofthemendaredlookhimintheeye.沒有人敢正眼看他。

‘NoIansweredconfidently.

iWouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcaseplease?’'Notatall,'Ianswered.

Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitcase,please?

注意:mind后面的動名詞形式

TheOfficerwentthroughthecasewithgreatcare.

=TheOfficerexaminedthecasecarefully

with?great?care強調(diào)相當(dāng)?shù)淖屑?xì)

AllthethingIhadpackedsocarefullyweresooninadreadfulmess.

in?a?mess亂作一團

介詞in?和名詞搭配,表示一種狀態(tài)

—in?good?order秩序井然/-in?good?health身體健康

—in?a?good?mood心情好/--in?a?good?temper脾氣好

IfeltsureIwouldneverbeabletoclosethecaseagain.

Suddenly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelightup.

light?up喜氣洋洋,容光煥發(fā)

—Marsha's?face?lit?up?when?she?saw?her?old?friend.

—Hisfacelightedupatthesmalltriumph,(n.勝利,成功)

--Tomreallylightedupwhenhesawthenewbicycle.

Light的過去式與過去分詞即可以是lit,也可以是lighted.

-但是如果運用過去分詞作定語,表示被點燃的,要用lightedo

-a?Iighted?cigar一支被點燃的雪茄

-a?lighted?stick點燃的火炬

Hehadspottedatinybottleatthebottomofmycaseandhepouncedonitwith

delight.

with?delight欣喜若狂地(with和抽象名詞搭配,表示內(nèi)心充滿了一種感

情)

—with?confidence自信地/—with?care細(xì)心地

—with?pride驕傲地/—with?delight欣喜若狂地

pounce?on向…猛撲過去,對…大做文章

—The?policeman?pounced?on?the?thief.警察向小偷猛撲過去。

-Don'tpounceonmymistake.不要對我的錯誤大做文章。

'Perfume,eh?’heaskedsarcastically.’Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.Perfume

isnotexempt

fromimportduty.’

should?have和過去分詞搭配(表示本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒有做,具有譴責(zé)性的味

道)

—Youshouldhavearrivedherefiveminutesearlier.

--Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutit.

shouldn't?have?done本不應(yīng)該做某事

exemptv.免除adj.被免除的(beexemptfrom)

--Drinksarenotexemptfromimportduty.Perfumeisnotexemptfromimport

dutyeither.

"Butitisn'tperfume,"Isaid.'It'shairgel.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,

‘It'sastrangemixture

Imakemyself.’

AsIexpected,hedidnotbelieveme.

As:關(guān)系代詞(引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,它所指代的內(nèi)容就是主句的整個句

子的含義)

—As?we?know,the?earth?is?round.眾所周知,地球是圓的。

-As?Imentioned正如我所提及的

—As?I?soon?leamed,hewasEnglishhimself.正如我很快得知的,他也是英國

人。一

關(guān)系代詞as和which的區(qū)別:

as所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,可用在主句之前。

which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句,只能用在主句之后。

'Tryit!’Isaidencouragingly.

Encouragingly副詞形式

Theofficerunscrewedthecapandputthebottletohisnostrils.

HewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmellwhichconvincedhimthatIwastelling

thetruth.

Greet

l>vt.問候,向…致意

2>vt.覺察至U,呈現(xiàn)在…眼前,在…耳邊

—Iwokeupandwasgreetedbyabirdsong.當(dāng)我醒來時,耳邊是鳥鳴聲。

—Insidetheroomadreadfulmessgreetedus.當(dāng)我進入房間,眼前是一堆亂七

八糟的東西。

—Whenhewentintothekitchen,asmellgreetedhim.

Afewminuteslater,Iwasabletohurryawaywithpreciouschalkmarksonmy

baggage.

Preciousadj,寶貴的,貴重的

Specialdifficulties難點

Canadan.加拿大

Canadianadj.加拿大的n.加拿大人

Expectationn.期待,預(yù)料

Francen.法國,法蘭西

Frenchn.法國人,法語adj.法國的,法國人的,法語的

GermanyIL德國

Germann.德國人,德語adj.德國的,德國人的,德語的

Danishn.丹麥語adj.丹麥而

Denmarkn.丹麥(北歐國家,首都哥本哈根)

Copenhagenn.哥本哈根

Tivolin.提沃利(意大利中部一城市)

Multiplechoicequestions多項選擇

l.Cpotential(adj.潛在的,可能的)

2.Cwhat提問a名詞回答idea(n.想法,念頭)

3.Asmuggle(n.走私,偷帶v.走私)

4.D

5.Clookhimintheeyes/face=lookdirectlyathim

6.Bwouldyoukindlydosthplease?(一種有禮貌的請求)

7.Ashould=oughtto

8.AHavingfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.

9.Ceasy-going(adj.好相處的,隨和的)

tolerable(adj.可容忍的??能忍耐的)

placid(adj.平靜的)

negligent(adj.疏忽的,粗心大意的)

10Afeelashamedof***為…感到羞愧

unashamed(adj.不害羞的,不知恥的)

guiltless(adj.無罪的,無辜的)

11.D?

incomprehensible(=unable?to?be?understood)adj.不能理解的

technical(adj.專業(yè)性的,技術(shù)的,技術(shù)上的)

—Thearticleisfullofincomprehensibletechnicalexpressions.

Incredible(=unbelievable)adj.難以置信的,不可思議的

—Whatyousaidisincredible.

Incredulous(adj.懷疑的,不輕信的)

—Heisanincredulousperson.

Skeptical(unwilling?to?believe)adj.好懷疑的,懷疑的

12.baggage(n.行李,〈軍隊的>行裝)=luggage(n.行李,皮箱)

casement(n.門式窗)

equipment(n.裝備,設(shè)備,器材,裝置)

Lesson12Lifeonadesertisland

Newwordsandexpression生詞和短語

desert?island荒島

desertn.沙漠vt.背棄,遺棄

dessertn.甜點

unrealisticadj.不真實

paradisen.天堂,樂士

—AlotofpeopleimaginetheUSAastheirparadise.

Heavenn.天堂,天國(也指死亡-gotoheaven)

wretchedadj.可憐的,艱苦的

=miserableadj.痛苦的,悲慘的,可憐

-leadawretched/miserable/terrible/dog?slife.過著悲慘的生活。

starvev.挨餓(―starvetodeath餓死)

-Duringthewar,alargeofpeoplestarvedtodeath.

-hungrytodeath我餓得要死(即:我非常餓)

elementn.成分

opportunityn.機會

goldenopportunity絕好的機會

—Don'tmissanygoldenopportunities.

—opportunityknocksonlyonce千載難逢的機會

chance表機會時可以與opportunity互換(后面+ofdoing,或todo)

-IhadthechanceofvisitingParis.=IhadtheopportunityofvisitingParis.

—Hehadnoopportunitytoseeher.

chance表可能性時(=possibility),則不可opportunity互換。

--ThereisachancethatIwillseehim.我有可能見到她。

—Thechancesarethathewillbeelectedthepresident.他有可能當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。

—Thechancesarethathewillpasshisexaminationnextweek.

coraln.珊瑚

Virgin?Islands維爾京群島

Miamin.邁阿密(美國最南的城市)

Dinghyn.救生筏,小船

Caribbeann.加勒比海

spear?gun捕魚槍

lobstern.龍蝦

tankern.油輪

genuinelyadv.由

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