2025年護士執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試題庫-外科護理學專項護理專業(yè)英語詞匯試題

2025年護士執(zhí)業(yè)資格考試題庫——外科護理學專項護理專業(yè)英語詞匯試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.Thepatientisexperiencingaseverepainintheabdomen.Whichofthefollowingtermsisusedtodescribethiscondition?A.AbdominaldistensionB.AbdominalcrampsC.AbdominaltendernessD.Abdominalhemorrhage2.Whichofthefollowingisacommonsurgicalprocedureusedtoremovegallstones?A.LaparoscopiccholecystectomyB.OpencholecystectomyC.Endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography(ERCP)D.Cholecystostomy3.Whatistheprimarygoalofasurgicalincision?A.ToremovetheaffectedtissueB.ToprovideaccesstothesurgicalsiteC.TominimizepostoperativepainD.Toensureproperhealing4.Whichofthefollowingcomplicationsisassociatedwithlaparoscopicsurgery?A.PostoperativeileusB.Deepveinthrombosis(DVT)C.SternalwoundinfectionD.Pneumothorax5.Thepatientisadmittedtothehospitalwithasuspectedappendicitis.Whichofthefollowingsignsandsymptomsismostindicativeofappendicitis?A.NauseaandvomitingB.DiarrheaC.Low-gradefeverD.Rightlowerquadrantpain6.Whichofthefollowingisacommonindicationforatracheostomy?A.RespiratoryfailureB.SeverelaryngitisC.CervicalspineinjuryD.Obstructivesleepapnea7.Thepatientisscheduledforaherniarepairsurgery.Whichofthefollowingtypesofherniaisbeingrepaired?A.InguinalherniaB.UmbilicalherniaC.FemoralherniaD.Incisionalhernia8.Whichofthefollowingisacommonmethodusedtopreventsurgicalsiteinfection?A.HandhygieneB.SteriletechniqueC.ProphylacticantibioticsD.Alloftheabove9.Thepatientisexperiencingdifficultybreathingfollowingachestsurgery.Whichofthefollowingcomplicationsismostlikely?A.PneumothoraxB.PulmonaryembolismC.AtelectasisD.Pneumonia10.Whichofthefollowingisacommonindicationforaperitonealdialysiscatheterplacement?A.ChronickidneydiseaseB.AcutekidneyinjuryC.RenalfailureD.Alloftheabove二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.Thefollowingareindicationsforalaparoscopiccholecystectomy.Chooseallthatapply:A.AcutecholecystitisB.CholangitisC.GallstonesD.Biliaryobstruction2.Thefollowingarecomplicationsassociatedwithherniarepairsurgery.Chooseallthatapply:A.IncisionalherniaB.InguinalherniaC.MeshinfectionD.Mesherosion3.Thefollowingaresignsandsymptomsofappendicitis.Chooseallthatapply:A.RightlowerquadrantpainB.NauseaandvomitingC.Low-gradefeverD.Abdominaldistension4.Thefollowingarecommonindicationsforatracheostomy.Chooseallthatapply:A.RespiratoryfailureB.SeverelaryngitisC.CervicalspineinjuryD.Obstructivesleepapnea5.Thefollowingaremethodsusedtopreventsurgicalsiteinfection.Chooseallthatapply:A.HandhygieneB.SteriletechniqueC.ProphylacticantibioticsD.Patienteducation三、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.Theterm"_____"referstotheinflammationofthegallbladder.2.Thesurgicalprocedureusedtoremovegallstonesisknownasa(n)______.3.Theprimarygoalofasurgicalincisionistoprovideaccesstothe______.4.Theterm"_____"isusedtodescribetheconditionofseverepainintheabdomen.5.Thecommonsurgicalprocedureusedtoremovetheappendixisknownasa(n)______.6.Theterm"_____"referstothesurgicalcreationofanopeninginthetrachea.7.Theterm"_____"referstothesurgicalrepairofahernia.8.Themethodusedtopreventsurgicalsiteinfectionisknownas______.9.Thecommonindicationforaperitonealdialysiscatheterplacementis______.10.Thecommonsurgicalprocedureusedtoremovethegallbladderisknownasa(n)______.四、翻譯題（每題3分，共30分）1.Apatientisscheduledforaherniarepairsurgery.Thedoctorexplainstheproceduretothepatient.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromEnglishtoChinese:a."Wewillmakeasmallincisioninyourgroinareatorepairthehernia."b."Thesurgeryistypicallydoneundergeneralanesthesia,andyouwillbeasleepduringtheprocedure."c."Afterthesurgery,youwillneedtorestandfollowspecificpostoperativeinstructions."d."Therecoverytimecanvary,butmostpatientsreturntonormalactivitieswithinafewweeks."e."Itisimportanttoavoidheavyliftingorstrainingtopreventrecurrenceofthehernia."2.Apatientisbeingpreparedforagallbladdersurgery.Thenurseprovidesinformationabouttheprocedure.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromEnglishtoChinese:a."Thegallbladderisasmallorganlocatedbeneaththeliver,anditstoresbileproducedbytheliver."b."Gallstonescanforminsidethegallbladderandcausepainandothercomplications."c."Duringthesurgery,wewillremoveyourgallbladder,andyouwillnolongerhavethisorgan."d."Youmayexperiencesomediscomfortafterthesurgery,butitwillgraduallyimprove."e."Itisimportanttofollowalow-fatdietandtakemedicationsasprescribedtopreventtheformationofnewgallstones."五、簡答題（每題5分，共25分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenanincisionalherniaandaninguinalhernia.2.Describethecommonsignsandsymptomsofappendicitis.3.Discusstheimportanceofhandhygieneinpreventingsurgicalsiteinfections.4.Outlinethestepsinvolvedinperformingatracheostomy.5.Explainthepurposeofprophylacticantibioticsinsurgicalprocedures.六、論述題（10分）Discusstheroleofnutritionintherecoveryprocessfollowingabdominalsurgery.Includetheimportanceofabalanceddiet,specificdietaryrecommendations,andthepotentialcomplicationsofmalnutritioninthiscontext.本次試卷答案如下：一、單項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.B.Abdominalcramps解析：患者腹部的劇烈疼痛通常與腹部絞痛相關。2.A.Laparoscopiccholecystectomy解析：腹腔鏡膽囊切除術是常見的用于去除膽結石的手術。3.B.Toprovideaccesstothesurgicalsite解析：手術切口的主要目的是為了到達手術部位。4.D.Pneumothorax解析：腹腔鏡手術的一個常見并發(fā)癥是氣胸。5.D.Rightlowerquadrantpain解析：右下腹部疼痛是闌尾炎的一個典型癥狀。6.D.Obstructivesleepapnea解析：嚴重睡眠呼吸暫停是進行氣管切開術的常見指征。7.A.Inguinalhernia解析：腹股溝疝是腹股溝疝修補手術的常見類型。8.D.Alloftheabove解析：手衛(wèi)生、無菌技術和預防性抗生素都是預防手術部位感染的方法。9.C.Atelectasis解析：胸部手術后呼吸困難的最可能并發(fā)癥是肺不張。10.A.Chronickidneydisease解析：慢性腎臟疾病是進行腹膜透析導管植入的常見指征。二、多項選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.A.AcutecholecystitisB.CholangitisC.GallstonesD.Biliaryobstruction解析：急性膽囊炎、膽管炎、膽結石和膽道梗阻都是腹腔鏡膽囊切除術的適應癥。2.A.IncisionalherniaB.MeshinfectionC.Mesherosion解析：切口疝、網片感染和網片侵蝕都是腹股溝疝修補手術后可能出現的并發(fā)癥。3.A.RightlowerquadrantpainB.NauseaandvomitingC.Low-gradefeverD.Abdominaldistension解析：右下腹部疼痛、惡心嘔吐、低熱和腹部膨脹都是闌尾炎的典型癥狀。4.A.RespiratoryfailureB.SeverelaryngitisC.CervicalspineinjuryD.Obstructivesleepapnea解析：呼吸衰竭、嚴重喉炎、頸椎損傷和睡眠呼吸暫停都是氣管切開術的適應癥。5.A.HandhygieneB.SteriletechniqueC.ProphylacticantibioticsD.Patienteducation解析：手衛(wèi)生、無菌技術、預防性抗生素和患者教育都是預防手術部位感染的方法。三、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.Cholecystitis2.Cholecystectomy3.Surgicalsite4.Abdominalcolic5.Appendectomy6.Tracheostomy7.Herniorrhaphy8.Handhygiene9.Chronickidneydisease10.Cholecystectomy四、翻譯題（每題3分，共30分）1.a.我們將在你的腹股溝區(qū)域做一個小切口來修