人教版高一下學(xué)期英語(必修3)《Unit4 Space Exploration》單元測試卷及答案

第第頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁人教版高一下學(xué)期英語(必修3)《Unit4SpaceExploration》單元測試卷及答案學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________短語1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.心理上地；精神上地→physicaladj.身體的；物理的→physicallyadv.身體上2.universen.宇宙→universaladj.普遍的;全世3.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的→intelligentlyadv.聰明地；明智地→intelligencen.智力；才智4.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的；稀奇的；不尋常的→curiosityn.好奇心→curiouslyadv.好奇地5.relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的→relationn.關(guān)系；親屬→relationshipn.（人際）關(guān)系6.determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅定的→determinevt.決定；確定→determinationn.決定；決心7.transmitvt.&vi.(transmitted,transmitted)傳輸→transmissionn.傳播→transmittern.發(fā)射臺；傳播者8.disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮喪→disappiontv.使失望9.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirableadj.令人向往的；值得擁有的10.lackv.&n.缺少→lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的11.arguevi.&vt.論證；爭辯；爭論→argumentn.論證；論據(jù)；爭吵12.attachvt.附上；系上；認(rèn)為有重要性→attachmentn.附件；喜愛；連接→attachedadj.喜愛的；附屬的13.agencyn.專門機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處→agentn.代理人，代理商；經(jīng)紀(jì)人14.independentadj.獨立的；自立的→independentlyadv.獨立地→dependentadj.依賴的；→dependentlyadv.依賴地→independencen.獨立；自主→dependencen.依賴；依靠→dependv.依賴；依靠15.recyclevt.回收利用→recyclingn.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的16.currentadj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的;流行的n.水流；電流；流行→currentlyadv.目前；當(dāng)前→currencyn.貨幣17.sufficientadj.足夠的；充足的→sufficiencyn.充足→insufficientadj.不足的;不充分的;不夠重要的18.globen.地球；地球儀→globaladj.全球的19.analysisn.分析復(fù)數(shù)：analyses→analysev.分析20.regularadj.定期的;經(jīng)常的;正常的→regularlyadv.經(jīng)常；定期地→irregularadj不規(guī)律的21.limitedadj.有限的→limitless/unlimitedadj.無限的,無盡的→limitv.限制;n.限制→limitationn.限制22.mysteryn.神秘→mysteriousadj.神秘的短語1.lookupat抬頭仰望lookuptosb尊敬.../lookdownuponsb瞧不起...Lookinto調(diào)查研究lookout小心，當(dāng)心2.carrysb/sthintospace將...送入太空3.findoutthesecretsoftheuniverse探尋宇宙的秘密4.besuitableenoughtosupportlife能夠維持生命存在5.bedeterminedtodosth下定決心去做某事=decidetodo...dosthwithdeterminationMakeupone’smindtodo6.realiseone’sdream實現(xiàn)某人的夢想7.succeededindoingsth成功的做了某事managetodosth8.gointospace進(jìn)入太空9.stepontothemoon踏上月球10.carryonspaceexploration 繼續(xù)太空探索11.onboard 在宇宙飛船上;在船上;在飛機(jī)上12.makegreatprogress取得很大進(jìn)步13.inashorttime在很短時間內(nèi)14.inthehopeofdoingsth抱著……的希望15.soasto(dosth) 為了;以便=inordertodosth16.solarsystem 太陽系;類太陽系17.figureout 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白18.makeadifference(to)...起(重要)作用=playanimportantrolein.../havea...effecton...19.resultin 導(dǎo)致;造成resultfrom因而起20.asaresult=therefore 所以;結(jié)果(是)asaresultof因為...=becauseof21.providesthforsb 提供生活所需=providesbwithsth22.inclosing 最后=atlast=finally/eventually23.runout 用完;耗盡sbrunoutofsth24attachgreatimportanceto認(rèn)為...很重要25bekeenondoingsth/bekeentodosth熱衷于做...,渴望做...句式1．Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后來，蘇聯(lián)集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成為世界上第一個進(jìn)入太空的人。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.這些災(zāi)難讓每個人都感到悲傷和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望從未消失過。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.盡管有許多困難，科學(xué)家們希望未來的發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅能讓我們了解宇宙是如何開始的，而且還能幫助我們更好地生存到未來。4．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航員在太空工作時必須用膠帶把所有的東西粘在一起，否則所有的東西都會漂走。5．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太陽系以外不是一個容易達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。教材話題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（一）1．other（其他的）+wise（按……某種方式）→adv.否則；另外2．helicopteristn.直升機(jī)駕駛員→n.[航]直升飛機(jī)3．mid（中間的；中央的）+night（夜晚）→n.午夜4．threatenvt.威脅；恐嚇→n.威脅，恐嚇5．propertylessadj.無財產(chǎn)的→n.性質(zhì)，性能；財產(chǎn)6．sufficientadj.足夠的，充足的→adv.足夠地，充足地7．shelteryadj.庇護(hù)的，遮蓋的→n.庇護(hù)；避難所8．n.樣本，樣品→vt.品嘗，嘗試；對……做抽樣調(diào)查9．n.估計，估算→vt.估計，估算10．vt.造成，引起，產(chǎn)生（問題、危險、困難等）→n.（為畫像、拍照等而擺的）姿勢，姿態(tài)11．base（基礎(chǔ))）+line（線）→n.（醫(yī)學(xué)或科學(xué)中的）基線，準(zhǔn)線12．wide（廣泛地）+spread（傳播）→adj.分布廣的，廣泛流傳的13．out（出來）+break（突破）→n.（戰(zhàn)爭）爆發(fā)；（疾?。┍┌l(fā)，突然發(fā)生14．under（在……下面）+line（線）→vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下畫線詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）15．completeadj.完全的；徹底的vt.完成，結(jié)束→n．完成，結(jié)束16．harmonyn．融洽相處，和諧→adj.(關(guān)系)和睦的，和諧的；協(xié)調(diào)的17．harmv．傷害，損害→adj.有害的→adj.無害的18．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)→adj.(與)農(nóng)業(yè)(有關(guān))的19．beautyn．美，美麗→adj.美麗的20．narrowadj.狹窄的，不寬的→adv.狹窄地；勉強(qiáng)地21．limitv．限制；限定；使限于n．界限；限定；范圍→adj.有限的→n．限制，局限22．benefitn．好處，益處→adj.有益的，有利的23．pleasuren.愉快；快樂→adj.令人愉快的24．energyn．力量，活力→adj.精力充沛的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（三）25．relyv.依靠→adj.可信賴的，可靠的26．emergentadj.緊急的→n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況27．exceptionaladj.杰出的，卓越的；特別的→adv.極其，非常28．threatn.威脅；可能帶來威脅的人（事）→v.威脅到，危及29．preciseadj.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的→adv.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地30．claimantn.原告；[貿(mào)易]索賠人；提出要求者→vt.要求；聲稱31．satelliticadj.衛(wèi)星的→n.衛(wèi)星32．billionairen.億萬富翁→n.十億；大量詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（四）33．a(chǎn)dj.健康的n.健康；健壯；適合→adj.不健康的34．v.主辦；主持n.主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→n.女主人；女主人35．

n.運動員；運動健兒→adj.健壯的；體育運動的36．n.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸→adj.可敬的；值得尊敬的→adj.榮幸的37．v.決定；下定決心；確定→n.決心；決定→adj.堅定的；下定決心的38．vt.使受傷；損害→adj.受傷的；有傷的→n.傷害；損傷39．n.力量；體力→vt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅強(qiáng)vi.變強(qiáng)→adj.強(qiáng)壯的；堅強(qiáng)的40．vt.失敗；未能(做到)；不及格→n.失敗；失敗的人(或事物)完成句子41．AfterShenzhenbecameaspecialeconomiczonein1980,peoplefromalloverChinawenttothecity(去尋找成功致富之路).42．(繼續(xù))walkinguntilyougettothecrossroads,andturnleft.43．(擺脫，丟棄，扔掉)thestressandworries,thegirlpracticedyogaandfoundsomeinnerpeace.44．Theirmoney(用完了),sotheyhadtomakeanefforttofindasolution.45．Themenweresoonverytiredandtheirfood(用完;耗盡).46．Weneedsomenewpeople（注入活力）thisproject.47．Thentheycanhelpshopowners(彌補(bǔ)銷售損失)duringtheCOVID-19lockdown.48．Isthisagoodplace(搭建帳篷)?49．Whydon’tyouaskyourson(幫你搬較重的箱子)?50．I’vehadalotofchances（去北京旅游）閱讀理解TheideaforChina’sspaceprogramwasputforwardin1956byQianXuesen,apioneerinChineserocketscience.Followingfullpreparation,themannedShenzhouprogrambeganin1992,andin2003,thefirstChineseastronaut,YangLiwei,tookadventureintospace.In2007,thelunarorbiterChang’e-1waslaunched,followedbytheexperimentalmannedspacestationTiangong-1in2011.In2019,Chang’e-4achievedasoftlandingonthelunarfarside,markingthefirstsuccessfulsoftlandingbyhumansinthatarea.A“soft”

landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway,andgetsnodamage.Twelvehourslater,thesmallYutu-2wasletgo.TounderstandwhyChang’e-4’ssoftlandingwassuchanachievement,considerthedifficultyofanyspacemission,especiallyonetothefarsideofthemoon.Whilethefarsideofthemoonisoftencalledthedarksideofthemoon,itisnotreallydark.Themainchallengeoflandingonthemoon’sfarsideiscommunication,asthereisnodirectlineofsighttoEarth,makingradiocommunicationwithspacecrafttheretypicallyimpossible.Chineseengineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothisproblem.BeforeChang’e-4’smission,theysenttheQueqiaocommunicationssatelliteintospace.WhenengineersneededtocommunicatewithChang’e-4andYutu-2,theycouldsendradiomessagestoQueqiao.ThemessageswouldthenbesentfromthesatellitedowntotheLander.ThisallowedforcontactbetweenEarthandthefarsideofthemoon.OneofChang’e-4’sexperimentsaimedtotestaclosedecological(生態(tài)的)system,importantforspacemissions.Inthissystem,plantsproducefoodandoxygenforfruitflies,whilethefruitfliesproduceCO?fortheplants.Thisexperimentworkedforninedays,butithadtobestoppedwhenthetemperaturesdroppedbelow-52°C．China’sspaceprogramhasachievedsignificantmilestones,fromthemannedShenzhouprogramtothesuccessfulsoftlandingofChang’e-4onthelunarfarside.TheseachievementsreflectChina’sgrowingprogressinspaceexploration.51．WhywastheChang’e-4’ssoftlandingonthelunarfarsideimportant?A．Itfoundevidenceofwateronthemoon.B．Itdiscoveredanewtypeofrockformation.C．Itestablishedaneverlastingbaseforfuturemissions.D．ItmarkedasignificantmilestoneinChina’sspaceexploration.52．HowdidChineseengineerssolvethecommunicationproblemwithChang’e-4?A．Theyusedaspecialradiowave.B．Theysetuplargeequipmentonthemoon.C．Theyusedanetworkofground-basedstations.D．Theysentacommunicationssatelliteintospace.53．Whatchallengedidtheclosedecologicalsystemexperimentface?A．Lackofsunlight. B．Equipmentfailure.C．Extremetemperatures. D．Shortageofoxygensupply.54．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoChina’sachievementsinspaceexploration?A．Positive. B．Indifferent. C．Unclear. D．Doubtful.七選五Itsoundslikesomethingfromthefieldofsciencefiction—aspaceexplorationintovastouterspace,headingtowardstheRedPlanetWhilewe’renotquitereadytoputapersononit,thequestionweasktodayis:55ThespaceracesawtheUSSR(theUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics)andUSAcompetetoachievefirstsinspaceflight.TheUSSRreleasedSputnik1,anartificialsatellite,beforeanyoneelse,56NowitappearsthatMarsisthebodyofdesire.Whiletobethefirstnationtolandonitisanobviousdraw,thereareotherreasonswhywewanttogetthere.57Youonlyhavetolookatthefossilsofthedinosaurstoseethebenefitoffindinganotherhabitableplanet.WhileMarsdoesn’thavetherightconditionstocallithomejustyet,there'salwaystheconceptofterraforming-changingtheenvironmentofaplanettosuitourneeds.However,noteveryoneagrees.LeadingastrophysicistNeildeGrasseTysonhassaidtheconceptofchanginghabitabilityofaplanetisnotalwayspractical.58Itseemsthatthemainreasonatthemomentisthesearchforalien(外星的)life.59Nowseeminglydead,thepotentialfossilscouldanswerquestionsaboutourownevolutionandthatofourplanet.Onetheoryisthatbacteriallifeonourplanetdidn'tstarthere,butwasbroughthereviaasteroidfromMars.A．a(chǎn)ndtheUSlandedonthemoonfirst.B．Instead,itmakesnosensewhenwecansimplyterraformEarthbecauseofthedamagewehavedonetoit.C．Oneofthesecouldbethesurvivalofourspecies.D．WhyaresomanycountriesinterestedingoingtoMars?E．Ithasbeenbelievedthat,atonetime,acertainformoflifedidexistinthisredplanet.F．Surelyinspiringanewgenerationtovisitthestarsisreasonableenough.G．MaylandingonMarsinspiremorepeopletobecomeinterestedinexploringspace?完形填空Awisemanwaspassingthroughacity.Whilehewaswalking,he60acoinontheroad.Hepickeditup.Despitehissimplelife,hewassatisfiedandhehadnouseofthatcoin.So,heplannedtodonateit.61,throughoutthedayhedidn’tfindsuchaperson.Finally,hereachedthe62areaandspentanightthere.Nextmorning,he63andwastoldthatakingwasgoingforhisinvasionofanotherstatewithhisarmy.Whenthekingsawthewiseman,he64hisarmytostop.Hecametothewisemanandsaid,”Iamgoingtobeatanother65.Thus,mystatecanbe66.Soblessmetobevictorious.”After67,thewisemangavethecointotheking！Thekingwasconfusedwiththisbecauseheisalreadyoneoftherichestkings!He68asked,“What’sthemeaning？”Thewisemanexplained,”Ifoundthiscoinyesterdayinyour69.ButIhadnouse.SoIhad70thatIwoulddonateit.Iwalkedaroundtilltheevening,butfoundnoonetodonateitto.Everyonewaslivinga71life.Itseemedthattheyweresatisfiedwithwhattheyhad.Buttoday,thekingofthisstate,stillhasthedesireto72moreandisnotsatisfiedwithwhathealreadyhas.Ifeelyouare73thiscoin.”Thekingrealizedhis74andgaveuptheplannedwar.60．A．noticed B．lost C．spent D．dropped61．A．Thus B．Besides C．However D．Therefore62．A．dining B．waiting C．walking D．resting63．A．wokeup B．lookedup C．stayedup D．dressedup64．A．hoped B．a(chǎn)llowed C．ordered D．a(chǎn)dvised65．A．tribe B．state C．city D．king66．A．expanded B．respected C．developed D．blamed67．A．consulting B．thinking C．chatting D．bargaining68．A．nervously B．curiously C．eagerly D．a(chǎn)ngrily69．A．city B．palace C．house D．backyard70．A．a(chǎn)greed B．a(chǎn)nnounced C．informed D．decided71．A．happy B．hard C．convenient D．different72．A．defend B．gain C．earn D．borrow73．A．inpossessionof B．insearchof C．inneedof D．inchargeof74．A．a(chǎn)chievement B．dream C．existence D．mistake單句語法填空75．Werecognisehim(be)ahard-workingperson.76．Istudiedallnight,only(discover)inthemorningthatIhadforgottenthattheexamwasdelayed.77．Thenexttwomovementsarefullofdesperatelowsandupliftinghighswhichperhapsreflectbothhissufferingandhisstrongwill(fight)it.78．Theyarrivedattheairport,only(find)theflighthadbeencanceledduetothesnowstorm.79．Werushedtotheairportonly(tell)thattheplanehadjusttakenoff.80．Thebuildingproject(carry)outnextyearis,Ithink,noteasytocompleteintime.81．Inhistory,Beijing2022isthefirstGames

where

allvenues(場地)arepoweredbycleanenergyandBeijingisthefirstcityintheworld(host)boththeSummerandWinterGames.82．Thebridge(build)nextyearwasdesignedbyalocalcompany.83．AlthoughLiu’sdancemoveslooksimple,theyareoftentoointenseforhisaudience(follow)．84．MoresubwaysarebeingbuiltinNanjing(make)itmoreconvenientforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.85．Afterthevictoryin2015WorldCup,LangPing(determine)toleadtheteamtotheOlympicgoldinBrazil.86．Afteraspacecraftislaunched,whatweshoulddofirstis(make)sureitgoesintherightorbit.87．You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourney(see)howfaryou’vecome.88．Hegotonboardthe(electricity)vehicleandwentdowntowntobuysomehigh-endproducts.語篇填空“Theastronaut”hadforalongtimeseemed“sacredanddistant”toGuiHaichaountiltheresearcherbecameamemberoftheAstronautCenterofChina.In2005,GuibecameastudentattheSchoolofAstronauticsunderBeihangUniversity,89(major)inspacecraftdesignandengineering.Inthefollowingyears,Guicontinuedhisstudyandgraduatedinthesummerof2014withadoctor’sdegree.Theyoungresearcherthenspenttwoyearsinapost-doctoralprogramatYorkUniversityinToronto,after90hereturnedtoBeihangtoteach.Inthespringof2018,Guiandhiscolleagues91(tell)thatChina’smannedspaceauthoritieshaddecidedtoselectthethirdbatchofastronauts.Guihasbeenafanofspace92(explore)andsometimesdreamedaboutdoinghisresearchinspace,93heimmediatelyfilledintheapplicationform.After94(round)ofphysicalchecksandprofessionaltests,Guisucceeded.Guioncetoldoneofhisfriends95(private)thatthephysicaltrainingattheastronautcenterwasintenseanddemandingandposed96hugechallengetohim.Buthedidn’tquitthetrainingandmanagedtopassalltests.Thanks97hishardwork,GuiprogressedrapidlyineverytrainingcourseandwaschosenfortheShenzhouXVImissiontobecomethefirstcivilianandscientistinthiscountry98(travel)inorbit.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是李華，上周三你們學(xué)校組織觀看了中國的太空授課，恰巧你的美國朋友Jim發(fā)來郵件和你討論太空探索（spaceexploration）的話題。請你給他回封郵件，談?wù)勀愕母惺堋?nèi)容包括：1.觀看的方式及感受；2.太空授課的意義。注意:

1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,參考答案短語1.mentaladj.精神的；思想的→mentallyadv.心理上地；精神上地→physicaladj.身體的；物理的→physicallyadv.身體上2.universen.宇宙→universaladj.普遍的;全世3.intelligentadj.有智慧的；聰明的→intelligentlyadv.聰明地；明智地→intelligencen.智力；才智4.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲強(qiáng)的；稀奇的；不尋常的→curiosityn.好奇心→curiouslyadv.好奇地5.relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的→relationn.關(guān)系；親屬→relationshipn.（人際）關(guān)系6.determinedadj.有決心的；意志堅定的→determinevt.決定；確定→determinationn.決定；決心7.transmitvt.&vi.(transmitted,transmitted)傳輸→transmissionn.傳播→transmittern.發(fā)射臺；傳播者8.disappointedadj.失望的；沮喪的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointmentn.失望；沮喪→disappiontv.使失望9.desiren.渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望→desirableadj.令人向往的；值得擁有的10.lackv.&n.缺少→lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的11.arguevi.&vt.論證；爭辯；爭論→argumentn.論證；論據(jù)；爭吵12.attachvt.附上；系上；認(rèn)為有重要性→attachmentn.附件；喜愛；連接→attachedadj.喜愛的；附屬的13.agencyn.專門機(jī)構(gòu)；代理處→agentn.代理人，代理商；經(jīng)紀(jì)人14.independentadj.獨立的；自立的→independentlyadv.獨立地→dependentadj.依賴的；→dependentlyadv.依賴地→independencen.獨立；自主→dependencen.依賴；依靠→dependv.依賴；依靠15.recyclevt.回收利用→recyclingn.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的16.currentadj.當(dāng)前的；現(xiàn)在的;流行的n.水流；電流；流行→currentlyadv.目前；當(dāng)前→currencyn.貨幣17.sufficientadj.足夠的；充足的→sufficiencyn.充足→insufficientadj.不足的;不充分的;不夠重要的18.globen.地球；地球儀→globaladj.全球的19.analysisn.分析復(fù)數(shù)：analyses→analysev.分析20.regularadj.定期的;經(jīng)常的;正常的→regularlyadv.經(jīng)常；定期地→irregularadj不規(guī)律的21.limitedadj.有限的→limitless/unlimitedadj.無限的,無盡的→limitv.限制;n.限制→limitationn.限制22.mysteryn.神秘→mysteriousadj.神秘的短語1.lookupat抬頭仰望lookuptosb尊敬.../lookdownuponsb瞧不起...Lookinto調(diào)查研究lookout小心，當(dāng)心2.carrysb/sthintospace將...送入太空3.findoutthesecretsoftheuniverse探尋宇宙的秘密4.besuitableenoughtosupportlife能夠維持生命存在5.bedeterminedtodosth下定決心去做某事=decidetodo...dosthwithdeterminationMakeupone’smindtodo6.realiseone’sdream實現(xiàn)某人的夢想7.succeededindoingsth成功的做了某事managetodosth8.gointospace進(jìn)入太空9.stepontothemoon踏上月球10.carryonspaceexploration 繼續(xù)太空探索11.onboard 在宇宙飛船上;在船上;在飛機(jī)上12.makegreatprogress取得很大進(jìn)步13.inashorttime在很短時間內(nèi)14.inthehopeofdoingsth抱著……的希望15.soasto(dosth) 為了;以便=inordertodosth16.solarsystem 太陽系;類太陽系17.figureout 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白18.makeadifference(to)...起(重要)作用=playanimportantrolein.../havea...effecton...19.resultin 導(dǎo)致;造成resultfrom因而起20.asaresult=therefore 所以;結(jié)果(是)asaresultof因為...=becauseof21.providesthforsb 提供生活所需=providesbwithsth22.inclosing 最后=atlast=finally/eventually23.runout 用完;耗盡sbrunoutofsth24attachgreatimportanceto認(rèn)為...很重要25bekeenondoingsth/bekeentodosth熱衷于做...,渴望做...句式1．Afterwards，theUSSRfocusedonsendingpeopleintospace，andon12April1961，YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.后來，蘇聯(lián)集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成為世界上第一個進(jìn)入太空的人。2．Thesedisastersmadeeveryonesadanddisappointed，butthedesiretoexploretheuniverseneverdied.這些災(zāi)難讓每個人都感到悲傷和失望，但是探索宇宙的欲望從未消失過。3．Despitethedifficulties，scientistshopefuturediscoverieswillnotonlyenableustounderstandhowtheuniversebegan，butalsohelpussurvivewellintothefuture.盡管有許多困難，科學(xué)家們希望未來的發(fā)現(xiàn)不僅能讓我們了解宇宙是如何開始的，而且還能幫助我們更好地生存到未來。4．Astronautshavetousetapetostickeverythingdownwhileworkinginspacebecauseeverythingwouldfloatoffotherwise.宇航員在太空工作時必須用膠帶把所有的東西粘在一起，否則所有的東西都會漂走。5．Sendingpeopletootherplanetsorevenbeyondthesolarsystemisnotaneasygoaltoachieve.把人送到其他星球甚至太陽系以外不是一個容易達(dá)到的目標(biāo)。教材話題題型綜合訓(xùn)練詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（一）1．other（其他的）+wise（按……某種方式）→adv.否則；另外2．helicopteristn.直升機(jī)駕駛員→n.[航]直升飛機(jī)3．mid（中間的；中央的）+night（夜晚）→n.午夜4．threatenvt.威脅；恐嚇→n.威脅，恐嚇5．propertylessadj.無財產(chǎn)的→n.性質(zhì)，性能；財產(chǎn)6．sufficientadj.足夠的，充足的→adv.足夠地，充足地7．shelteryadj.庇護(hù)的，遮蓋的→n.庇護(hù)；避難所8．n.樣本，樣品→vt.品嘗，嘗試；對……做抽樣調(diào)查9．n.估計，估算→vt.估計，估算10．vt.造成，引起，產(chǎn)生（問題、危險、困難等）→n.（為畫像、拍照等而擺的）姿勢，姿態(tài)11．base（基礎(chǔ))）+line（線）→n.（醫(yī)學(xué)或科學(xué)中的）基線，準(zhǔn)線12．wide（廣泛地）+spread（傳播）→adj.分布廣的，廣泛流傳的13．out（出來）+break（突破）→n.（戰(zhàn)爭）爆發(fā)；（疾?。┍┌l(fā)，突然發(fā)生14．under（在……下面）+line（線）→vt.強(qiáng)調(diào)，使突出；在……之下畫線【答案】1．otherwise2．helicopter3．midnight4．threat5．property6．sufficiently7．shelter8．sample9．estimate10．pose11．baseline12．widespread13．outbreak14．underline詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（二）15．completeadj.完全的；徹底的vt.完成，結(jié)束→n．完成，結(jié)束16．harmonyn．融洽相處，和諧→adj.(關(guān)系)和睦的，和諧的；協(xié)調(diào)的17．harmv．傷害，損害→adj.有害的→adj.無害的18．a(chǎn)griculturen．農(nóng)業(yè)→adj.(與)農(nóng)業(yè)(有關(guān))的19．beautyn．美，美麗→adj.美麗的20．narrowadj.狹窄的，不寬的→adv.狹窄地；勉強(qiáng)地21．limitv．限制；限定；使限于n．界限；限定；范圍→adj.有限的→n．限制，局限22．benefitn．好處，益處→adj.有益的，有利的23．pleasuren.愉快；快樂→adj.令人愉快的24．energyn．力量，活力→adj.精力充沛的【答案】15．completion16．harmonious17．harmfulharmless18．a(chǎn)gricultural19．beautiful20．narrowly21．limitedlimitation22．beneficial23．pleasant24．energetic詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（三）25．relyv.依靠→adj.可信賴的，可靠的26．emergentadj.緊急的→n.突發(fā)事件；緊急情況27．exceptionaladj.杰出的，卓越的；特別的→adv.極其，非常28．threatn.威脅；可能帶來威脅的人（事）→v.威脅到，危及29．preciseadj.精確的，準(zhǔn)確的→adv.精確地，準(zhǔn)確地30．claimantn.原告；[貿(mào)易]索賠人；提出要求者→vt.要求；聲稱31．satelliticadj.衛(wèi)星的→n.衛(wèi)星32．billionairen.億萬富翁→n.十億；大量【答案】25．reliable26．emergency27．exceptionally28．threaten29．precisely30．claim31．satellite32．billion詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（四）33．a(chǎn)dj.健康的n.健康；健壯；適合→adj.不健康的34．v.主辦；主持n.主人；東道主；節(jié)目主持人→n.女主人；女主人35．

n.運動員；運動健兒→adj.健壯的；體育運動的36．n.榮譽(yù)；尊敬；榮幸→adj.可敬的；值得尊敬的→adj.榮幸的37．v.決定；下定決心；確定→n.決心；決定→adj.堅定的；下定決心的38．vt.使受傷；損害→adj.受傷的；有傷的→n.傷害；損傷39．n.力量；體力→vt.加強(qiáng)；鞏固；使堅強(qiáng)vi.變強(qiáng)→adj.強(qiáng)壯的；堅強(qiáng)的40．vt.失??；未能(做到)；不及格→n.失??；失敗的人(或事物)【答案】33．fitfitnessunfit34．hosthostess35．a(chǎn)thleteathletic36．honourhonourablehonoured37．determinedeterminationdetermined38．injureinjuredinjury39．strengthstrengthenstrong40．failfailure完成句子41．AfterShenzhenbecameaspecialeconomiczonein1980,peoplefromalloverChinawenttothecity(去尋找成功致富之路).【答案】toseektheirfortune【詳解】考查固定搭配和非謂語動詞。句意：1980年深圳成為經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)后，來自中國各地的人們來到這個城市尋找財富。表示“尋找成功致富之路”用固定搭配seekone’sfortune，其中seek表示“尋找”，fortune表示“財富”，根據(jù)主語people可知，用their“他們的”，作定語，修飾fortune。本句謂語為went，此處為非謂語動詞，用seek的不定式，作目的狀語。故填toseektheirfortune。42．(繼續(xù))walkinguntilyougettothecrossroads,andturnleft.【答案】Carryon【詳解】考查祈使句與固定短語。句意：繼續(xù)走到十字路口，然后向左拐。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，此處需要填入表示“繼續(xù)”的短語。carryon意為“繼續(xù)”；根據(jù)后句的and可知，此處為省略主語you的祈使句，應(yīng)用動詞原形形式置于句首。故填Carryon。43．(擺脫，丟棄，扔掉)thestressandworries,thegirlpracticedyogaandfoundsomeinnerpeace.【答案】Togetridof【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：為了擺脫壓力和擔(dān)憂，女孩練習(xí)瑜伽，找到了內(nèi)心的平靜。根據(jù)漢語提示“擺脫，丟棄，扔掉”可知，此處使用固定短語getridof，本句謂語為practiced和found，此處為非謂語動詞，應(yīng)用不定式，作目的狀語。故填Togetridof。44．Theirmoney(用完了),sotheyhadtomakeanefforttofindasolution.【答案】ranout【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：他們的錢用完了，所以他們不得不努力尋找解決辦法。根據(jù)提示的漢語，表示“用完了”應(yīng)為runout為不及物動詞短語，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處為謂語動詞，根據(jù)謂語動詞had可知，此處應(yīng)為一般過去時，與主語之間為主動關(guān)系。故填ranout。45．Themenweresoonverytiredandtheirfood(用完;耗盡).【答案】ranout【詳解】考查固定短語和時態(tài)。句意：這些人很快就很累了，他們的食物也用完了。根據(jù)漢語提示和設(shè)空位置可知，使用動詞短語“runout”，為不及物動詞短語，后無需跟賓語。and連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，前后時態(tài)保持一致，根據(jù)上一句的“were”可知，使用一般過去時。故填ranout。46．Weneedsomenewpeople（注入活力）thisproject.【答案】tobreathelifeinto【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我們需要一些新人來給這個項目注入活力。表示“給……注入活力”應(yīng)用短語breathelifeintosth.。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用動詞不定式作目的狀語。故填tobreathelifeinto。47．Thentheycanhelpshopowners(彌補(bǔ)銷售損失)duringtheCOVID-19lockdown.【答案】makeupforsaleslost【詳解】考查動詞短語和形容詞。句意：然后，他們可以幫助店主彌補(bǔ)在COVID-19封鎖期間損失的銷售額?！皬浹a(bǔ)”用動詞短語makeupfor表示，作賓語補(bǔ)足語，helpsb.dosth..是固定搭配，用不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語；“銷售損失”作賓語，用saleslost表示，其中形容詞lost(失去的)作后置定語。故填makeupforsaleslost。48．Isthisagoodplace(搭建帳篷)?【答案】toputupatent【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這是搭建帳篷的好地方嗎？“搭建”使用動詞短語putup，后接賓語“帳篷”atent，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中已有be動詞is，空處應(yīng)作非謂語動詞，使用動詞不定式形式作后置定語，修飾名詞place。故填toputupatent。49．Whydon’tyouaskyourson(幫你搬較重的箱子)?【答案】tohelpyouwiththeheavierboxes【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和固定搭配。句意：你為什么不讓你兒子幫你搬那些較重的箱子呢？asksb.todosth.意為“請求某人做某事”，不定式作賓補(bǔ)；“幫”可表示為helpsb.withsth.，為固定搭配；“較重的”可表示為heavier；“箱子”可表示為box，為可數(shù)名詞，這里應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填tohelpyouwiththeheavierboxes。50．I’vehadalotofchances（去北京旅游）【答案】totraveltoBeijing【詳解】考查動詞不定式和動詞短語。句意：我有很多機(jī)會去北京旅游。分析句子可知，此處為動詞不定式作后置定語修飾chances，chancetodo“做某事的機(jī)會”為慣用表達(dá)，表示“去北京旅游”應(yīng)為動詞短語traveltoBeijing。故填totraveltoBeijing。閱讀理解TheideaforChina’sspaceprogramwasputforwardin1956byQianXuesen,apioneerinChineserocketscience.Followingfullpreparation,themannedShenzhouprogrambeganin1992,andin2003,thefirstChineseastronaut,YangLiwei,tookadventureintospace.In2007,thelunarorbiterChang’e-1waslaunched,followedbytheexperimentalmannedspacestationTiangong-1in2011.In2019,Chang’e-4achievedasoftlandingonthelunarfarside,markingthefirstsuccessfulsoftlandingbyhumansinthatarea.A“soft”

landingisonewherethespacecraftlandsinacontrolledway,andgetsnodamage.Twelvehourslater,thesmallYutu-2wasletgo.TounderstandwhyChang’e-4’ssoftlandingwassuchanachievement,considerthedifficultyofanyspacemission,especiallyonetothefarsideofthemoon.Whilethefarsideofthemoonisoftencalledthedarksideofthemoon,itisnotreallydark.Themainchallengeoflandingonthemoon’sfarsideiscommunication,asthereisnodirectlineofsighttoEarth,makingradiocommunicationwithspacecrafttheretypicallyimpossible.Chineseengineersdesignedauniquesolutiontothisproblem.BeforeChang’e-4’smission,theysenttheQueqiaocommunicationssatelliteintospace.WhenengineersneededtocommunicatewithChang’e-4andYutu-2,theycouldsendradiomessagestoQueqiao.ThemessageswouldthenbesentfromthesatellitedowntotheLander.ThisallowedforcontactbetweenEarthandthefarsideofthemoon.OneofChang’e-4’sexperimentsaimedtotestaclosedecological(生態(tài)的)system,importantforspacemissions.Inthissystem,plantsproducefoodandoxygenforfruitflies,whilethefruitfliesproduceCO?fortheplants.Thisexperimentworkedfornined