2021-2022學(xué)年四川省成都市高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題（解析版）（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年四川省成都市高二上學(xué)期期末考試英語試題第1卷（100分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?ACallherroommates.B.Searchthedormitory.C.Buyanotherone.2.WhatdoesthemanthinkofBob?A.Respectful.B.Strange.C.Annoying.3.Howdoesthewomangotoschool?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At8:00,B.At9:00.C.At10:00.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Howdoesthewomanfeel？A.Anxious.B.Amazed.C.Confident.7.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Ajobdescription.B.Ajobinterview.C.Ajobadvertisement.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whatcolordoesthewomanrecommend？A.Blue.B.Purple.C.Yellow.9.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inastore.C.Intheoffice.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.WhydidLucygotoEngland？A.Towork.B.Toteach.C.Toresearch.11.WhatdidLucysayaboutThailand?A.Theweatherisfriendly.B.Thesceneryisattractive.C.Thetransportisconvenient.12.WheredoesthemanadviseLucytogo？A.Japan.B.China.C.Brazil.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Howdidthemanbecomeagoodcook?A.Bylearningfromcookbooks.B.Bylearningfromhisfather.C.Bylearningfromteachers.14.Whatfactorcontributesmosttothepopularityoftheman'srestaurant?A.Thediningenvironment.B.Thelowprice.C.Thetasteoffood.15.Whydoesthewomanintendtolearnfromtheman?A.Tocookforherfamily.B.TofindanewjobC.Tomeethercuriosity.16.Whatisthebasicpointforcookingaccordingtotheman？A.Usinglessvegetableoil.B.Usingalongertimetocook.C.Usingthebestfoodmaterials.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisprobablythespeaker?A.Aguide.B.Aworker.C.Astudent.18.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheannouncement?A.Toinformtheweekendplans.B.Toinformtheclosureofthemuseum.C.Toinformdo'sanddon'tsofthevisit.19.Whenwillthelistenersvisitthemuseum?A.OnTuesday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.20.Whatwillthelistenersdointheclassmeeting?A.Shareexperience.B.Recordwhattheyhear.C.Raisemoney.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂照。AFreshforFall:GreenMarketsReturninthePalmBeachesWestPalmBeachGreenMarketRecognizedastheBestFarmersMarketinthecountrybythe"USAToday",thelarge-scaleWestPalmBeachGreenMarketisalongstandingstaple.Customerscanenjoywaterfront,outdoorgroceryshoppingalongoneofPalmBeachCounty'smostsceniccityscapes:downtownWestPalmBeach.FreeparkingisavailableattheEverniaandCityCenterTheGardensGreenMarketFeaturingmorethan120vendors（商販）,youcanpickupfreshproduceanddairy,pastriesandotherbakedgoods,preparedfoods,flowers,spices-thelistgoeson.Withafocusonalsosupportingtheculturalarts,don'tmisstheliveperformancesbylocalartistsCheckthescheduleforweeklyhighlights,includingthemesandspecialactivitiesthroughoutthemarket's20thseason.SwankFarmersMarketTakeatriptothecountryside,whereyoucanbuyfrommorethan25vendors.Here,you'llfindcoffeebeans,creamedhoney,freshpasta,homemadesauces,oilsandvinegars,meatsand,ofcourse,freshproduce.Bringthefamilyandsayhitothechickens,pigsandsheep.LakesideMarketatWellingtonEnjoyanightmarketexperienceattheTownCenterPromenadealongthewater,whichoffersopenairshoppingthatsupportslocalbusinesses.Locallysourced,farm-to-forkandhomemadegoodsareavailableunderthestars,withhighlightsincludingherbs,freshlybakedgoodsandflowers.1.WhatdoweknowaboutWestPalmBeachGreenMarket?A.Itislocatedinthecountryside. B.Freeparkingisavailableallday.C.Dogsareallowedinthemarket. D.Takingaboatthereisfreeofcharge.2.Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttoenjoythelivemusicbylocalartists?A.WestPalmBeachGreenMarket. B.TheGardensGreenMarket.C.SwankFarmersMarket. D.LakesideMarketatWellington3.WhatdoSwankFarmersMarketandLakesideMarkethaveincommon?A.Theyofferhomemadegoods. B.Theyareonlyopenintheday.C.Theyarelocatedalongtheriver. D.Theyaresuitableforanimallovers.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個秋季新鮮的棕櫚灘綠色市場?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WestPalmBeachGreenMarket”部分中“Themarketisdog-friendly”（這個市場對狗狗很友好）可知，在這個市場，狗狗是允許帶入。選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheGardensGreenMarket”部分中“Withafocusonalsosupportingtheculturalarts,don'tmisstheliveperformancesbylocalartistsCheckthescheduleforweeklyhighlights”（不要錯過當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家的現(xiàn)場表演，查看每周精彩節(jié)目的時間表,）可知，在“TheGardensGreenMarket”你可以看到當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家們的現(xiàn)場表演。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“SwankFarmersMarket”部分中“Here,you'llfindcoffeebeans,creamedhoney,freshpasta,homemadesauces,oilsandvinegars,”（在這里，你可以找到咖啡豆、奶油蜂蜜、新鮮意大利面、自制醬汁、油和醋,）“LakesideMarketatWellingtonTownCenter”部分中“Locallysourced,farm-to-forkandhomemadegoodsareavailableunderthestars”（從本地采購，從農(nóng)場到餐桌，自制的食物在星空下隨處可見）可知，在這兩個市場里，你都可以買到自制的一些商品。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A。BRobertAdolf,a24-year-oldvloggerfromGermany,filmedthecelebrationactivitiesoftheMiaoethnicgroupattheGuzangFestivalonNov25.Thismarkedthecompletionofhisandhisfriends'taskoffilmingallsevenofGuizhou'snativeethnicgroupsforadocumentaryproject.TheGuzangFestivalisthenewyearcelebrationfortheMiaoethnicgroup,andmarriedwomenfromYegaivillage,Leishancounty'sLangdetown,willtraveltogetherbacktotheirparents'homesinthevillageduringthefestival.CrowdsofMiaowomendressedintraditionalclothinghavebecomeapopularsceneatheGuzangFestival,whichattractstouristsfromallovertheglobeeachyear.That'soneofthereasonswhyAdolfattendedthefestival.HebecameinterestedinChina'shistoryandcultureduetotheDisneymovieMulanwhenhewasachild.HesaidthathecametoChinain2017toworkforaGermancompanyinCentralChina'sHunanprovince,andthenmovedtoLianyunganginEastChina'sJiangsuprovincetoworkinforeigntrade.AdolfspeaksfluentChineseandiscommonlyknownas“德國的包子”（Germany'sstuffedsteamedbun）onChinesesocialmediaplatforms.DuringatriptoChina'sruralareas，AdolfwasimpressedbyChina'sethnicculturesanddecidedtoshootdocumentariesofChina's56ethnicgroups.InJulythisyear,AdolfandhisthreeChinesefriendsinitiatedtheirdocumentaryprojectbyhoppinginacarandtakingroadtripstorecordthereallivesofdifferentChineseethnicgroups.AdolfandhisfriendsdepartedfromLianyungangonSept5andfilmedthecustomsandculturesofTujia,Miao,Dong,Bouyei,YaoandSuiethnicgroupsinHubeiprovince,GuangxiZhuangautonomousregionandGuizhouprovince.WhenaskedaboutGuizhouspecifically,Adolfsaidthat"IwanttoshareGuizhouandChina'sethnicculturewiththeworldtoallowmorepeopletolearnaboutGuizhouandlearnaboutChina."4.WhydidAdolfcometoChina?A.HehadaprojectinChina. B.HehadmanyfriendsinChina.C.HewashiredbyaChinesecompany. D.HewasfascinatedbyChineseculture.5.WhatmadeAdolfdecidetoshootdocumentariesofChina's56ethnicgroups?A.Anadventurousexploration. B.Animpressivetravelexperience.C.Adesiretorealizehisdream. D.AdeepunderstandingofChineseculture.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"initiated"inParagraph6mean?A.Started B.Introduced. C.Updated. D.Continued.7.What'sthewritingpurposeofthetext?A.TocompareChineseandWesternculture. B.ToshareAdolf'sworkingexperienceinChina.C.TointroduceadocumentaryprojectbyAdolf. D.ToattractmoreforeignvisitorstocometoChina.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了阿道夫拍攝全部七個貴州本土少數(shù)民族的紀(jì)錄片的過程?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“That'soneofthereasonswhyAdolfattendedthefestival.HebecameinterestedinChina'shistoryandcultureduetotheDisneymovieMulanwhenhewasachild.”（這也是阿道夫參加慶典的原因之一。他從小就對中國的歷史和文化產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，因?yàn)榈鲜磕岬碾娪啊痘咎m》。）可知，參加苗族的鼓藏節(jié)是阿道夫來中國的一個原因，同時他孩提時代對中國的歷史和文化產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。選項(xiàng)D與文意相符，故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中“DuringatriptoChina'sruralareas，AdolfwasimpressedbyChina'sethnicculturesanddecidedtoshootdocumentariesofChina's56ethnicgroups.”（在一次中國農(nóng)村之行中，阿道夫?qū)χ袊拿褡逦幕∠笊羁?，決定拍攝關(guān)于中國56個民族的紀(jì)錄片。）可知，因?yàn)橐淮斡∠笊羁痰闹袊r(nóng)村之行，使得阿道夫決定拍攝關(guān)于中國56個民族的紀(jì)錄片。選項(xiàng)B與文意相符，故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AdolfandhisfriendsdepartedfromLianyungangonSept5andfilmedthecustomsandculturesofTujia,Miao,Dong,Bouyei,YaoandSuiethnicgroupsinHubeiprovince,GuangxiZhuangautonomousregionandGuizhouprovince.”（阿道夫和他的朋友于9月5日離開連云港，拍攝了湖北省、貴州省和廣西壯族自治區(qū)的土家族、苗族、侗族、布依族、瑤族和隋族的風(fēng)俗和文化。）可知，他們拍紀(jì)錄片的出發(fā)地是連云港，之后便拍攝了沿線的少數(shù)民族的風(fēng)俗和文化。所以劃線詞所在句指他和三位朋友通過搭乘汽車的方式來開始拍攝沿線的少數(shù)民族的真實(shí)生活。劃線詞的含義為“開始”。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“RobertAdolf,a24-year-oldvlogger..Thismarkedthecompletionofhisandhisfriends'taskoffilmingallsevenofGuizhou'snativeethnicgroupsforadocumentaryproject.”（羅伯特·阿道夫，一位24歲的德國視頻博主，在11月25日的鼓藏節(jié)上拍攝了苗族的慶?；顒印＿@標(biāo)志著他和他的朋友們完成了拍攝全部七個貴州本土少數(shù)民族的紀(jì)錄片的任務(wù)。）及下文介紹他們決定拍攝中國少數(shù)名族的真實(shí)生活的紀(jì)錄片的原因描述和過程，可知，本文主要介紹了阿道夫的紀(jì)錄片的拍攝。選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C。CTheNetherlandsdoesn'tdisappointwhenitcomestoarchitecturalwondersonthewater,like,floatingofficebuildings.Nowanewly-built3D-printedbridgethatrunsacrossacanalimpressestheworld.Recently,animpressive3D-printedbridgehasbeencompletedinNijmegen,aDutchcity,inhonorofthecityearningthetitleofEuropeanGreenCapital,addinganewlandmarktothiscity.Thisnewbridgebroketherecordasthelargest3D-printedbridge.Thesizeofthebridgeis29meters,sittingacrossthewater.Itisalsothefirst3Dstructurethatisstrongandsafeenoughforpeopletowalkon.Accordingtoanofficial,Alderman,"Wearehonoredtoreceivethis3D-printedbridge.Nijmegenisacityofbridgeswhereagreatmanyattractivebridgesofalltypescrossingriverscanbeseen.Thisbridgeisawonderfulcomplement.Thebridgeleadstoconnection:inthedesignandconstructionstageitconnectedthedifferentpartners,andfromnowonthebridgeconnectsourresidents."AccordingtoSalet,anexperiencedarchitect,"3D-printedstructuresaredesignedonacomputerandthenprintedpiecebypiece.Theprintingofconcretecostslessbecausetheconcreteprinteronlyaddsmaterialwhereitactuallysupportstheconstruction.Wecanalsogreatlyincreasetheconstructionspeed.Inthefuture,wewanttomakeconcretemoresustainableandalsoreuseit.Thereismuchmorewecanachievein3D-printedstructures.Iamalsoproudthattheknowledgedevelopedhasfounditswaytotheindustrysoquickly."3D-printedconstructionmarkedaneweraofarchitecture.As3Dprintingconstructiontechnologiescontinuetoadvance,bridge-buildingarchitectsandcompaniesarebecomingmoreambitiouswiththeirdesigns.A40-meterpedestrianfootbridgeinParisforthe2024OlympicGamesisinplannow.8.WhywasthebridgebuiltinNijmegen?A.Tosetaworldrecordinarchitecture. B.Tobuildmorelandmarksinthiscity.C.Tocelebratethecitygettinganhonor. D.Toprovideconvenienceforlocalpeople.9.Whatdoestheunderlineword"complement"inParagraph3mean?A.Change. B.Addition. C.Attraction. D.Surprise.10.WhatdoesSaletthinkabout3Dprintingconstruction?A.Ithasapromisingfuture. B.Itisenvironmentfriendly.C.Itraisesthecostofdesign. D.Itrequiresgreaterefforts.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?A.TheBenefitsof3D-PrintedStructures B.TheApproachofanArchitecturalNewEraC.3D-PrintingTechnologyIsChangingtheWorld D.NijmegenNowHastheLargest3D-PrintedBridge.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章以荷蘭城市奈梅亨新修了一座3D橋梁為線索，說明3D打印技術(shù)正在改變著世界?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Recently,animpressive3D-printedbridgehasbeencompletedinNijmegen,aDutchcity,inhonorofthecityearningthetitleofEuropeanGreenCapital,addinganewlandmarktothiscity.”（最近，在荷蘭城市奈梅亨，一座令人印象深刻的3D打印橋梁竣工了，這是為了紀(jì)念這座城市贏得歐洲綠色之都的稱號，也為這座城市增添了一個新的地標(biāo)。）可知，3D橋梁竣工是為了紀(jì)念這座城市贏得歐洲綠色之都的稱號，選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Recently,animpressive3D-printedbridgehasbeencompletedinNijmegen,aDutchcity,inhonorofthecityearningthetitleofEuropeanGreenCapital,addinganewlandmarktothiscity.”（最近，在荷蘭城市奈梅亨，一座令人印象深刻的3D打印橋梁竣工了，這是為了紀(jì)念這座城市贏得歐洲綠色之都的稱號，也為這座城市增添了一個新的地標(biāo)。）可知，這座橋?yàn)檫@座城市增添了一個新的地標(biāo)。所以劃線詞所在的句子為“這座橋是一個了不起的新加物”，所以劃線詞詞義為“增加物”，選項(xiàng)B符合題意，故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“3D-printedstructuresaredesigned...Iamalsoproudthattheknowledgedevelopedhasfounditswaytotheindustrysoquickly”（3D打印的結(jié)構(gòu)在計(jì)算機(jī)上設(shè)計(jì)，然后一件一件打印出來。打印混凝土成本較低，因?yàn)榛炷链蛴C(jī)只在實(shí)際支持建筑的地方添加材料。我們還可以大大提高施工速度。在未來，我們想讓混凝土更可持續(xù)，并且重復(fù)使用。在3D打印的結(jié)構(gòu)中，我們能做到的還有很多。我同樣感到驕傲的是，這些知識很快就進(jìn)入了這個行業(yè)。）可知，Salet認(rèn)為，3D打印在未來的運(yùn)用中還會更多?？赏浦琒alet認(rèn)為3D打印的前途一片光明。選項(xiàng)A與文意相符，故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章通過第一段提到在荷蘭的奈梅亨修建了一座3D橋梁，進(jìn)而在下文中通過對此橋梁的描述及建筑師Salet對3D橋梁的未來的預(yù)期，最后一段提到3D打印建筑標(biāo)志著建筑時代的新紀(jì)元。所以本文的標(biāo)題可以為“3D打印技術(shù)正在改變著世界”，選項(xiàng)C與文意相符，故選C。DPlasticparticleshavemadetheirwayintoair,waterandsoilaroundtheworld.Nowanewresearchshowsawaytohelpsolvethisproblem,atleastinwater,withmicrorobots.Whenaddedtowater,thetinydevicesgatheronplasticparticlesandbeginbreakingthemdown.Whenthereislight,thesestar-shapeddevicesbegintoabsorbenergyfromandreactwiththesurroundingwater.“Poweredbylight,therobotsmovetosweepamuchlargerareathanyoucantouchwithothertechnologies,”saysstudyco-authorPumera,“Asthemicro-robotsareattachedtoplastic,somechemicalsareproduced,breakingdowntheplasticparticles.”Theresearcherstestedthemicro-robotsonfourtypesofplastic.Afteraweek,allfourbeganbreakingdown,losingbetween0.5and3percentoftheirweight.Inanothertest,themicro-robotsdrovethemselvesthroughasmallchannelandwerecollectedbyamagnet,bringingalongupto70percentofplasticparticlespiecesfortheride.Pumeraforeseesthattheserobotswillbeputintotheseatocollectplasticparticlesforreuse.ButCowger,anexpertinplasticpollutionsaysmicro-robotsareprobablylimitedtoclosedsystems,likesystemswhichareusedtotreatdrinkingwaterorwastewater.Cowgernotesthatthemicro-robotscanbeattachedtosubstancesbesidesplasticandmightnotbesafeifleftinthewaterinlargenumbers.Fornow,Cowgersays,“thebestwaytoremoveplasticparticlesistostopthemfromgettingthereinthefirstplace.”“Theworkisreallyinteresting,butitneedsfurtherexperimentstomakethisapproachareallypracticaltechnologytodealwiththehugenumbersofplasticparticles,”accordingtoPeterEdwards,achemistinOxford.12.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?A.Theshapeoftherobots. B.Thedisadvantagesoftherobots.C.Thepowersupplyoftherobots. D.Theworkingprocessoftherobots.13.Whichwordcanbestdescribethemicro-robots’performanceinthetests?A.Satisfactory. B.Disappointing. C.Unexpected. D.Perfect.14.WhatwillCowgerandPeterEdwardsprobablyagreewith?A.Micro-robotsshouldbebanned. B.Micro-robotsneedtobeimproved.C.Plasticproblemisdifficulttosolve. D.Micro-robotspresentbettersolutions.15.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanyoumostprobablyfindthistext?A.Climate. B.Health. C.Environment. D.Geography.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一種微小機(jī)器人可以聚集在塑料顆粒上，并開始分解它們。文章介紹了其工作過程、測試表現(xiàn)以及人們對它的看法?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Whenthereislight,thesestar-shapeddevicesbegintoabsorbenergyfromandreactwiththesurroundingwater.“Poweredbylight,therobotsmovetosweepamuchlargerareathanyoucantouchwithothertechnologies,”saysstudyco-authorPumera,“Asthemicro-robotsareattachedtoplastic,somechemicalsareproduced,breakingdowntheplasticparticles.”(當(dāng)有光的時候，這些星形的裝置開始從周圍的水中吸收能量并與之反應(yīng)。研究報告的合著者Pumera說：“這些機(jī)器人在光的驅(qū)動下，可以清掃比其他技術(shù)所能觸及的更大的區(qū)域。當(dāng)這些微型機(jī)器人附著在塑料上時，會產(chǎn)生一些化學(xué)物質(zhì)，分解塑料顆粒”)”可知，第二段主要說明的是這種機(jī)器人的工作過程。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearcherstestedthemicro-robotsonfourtypesofplastic.Afteraweek,allfourbeganbreakingdown,losingbetween0.5and3percentoftheirweight.Inanothertest,themicro-robotsdrovethemselvesthroughasmallchannelandwerecollectedbyamagnet,bringingalongupto70percentofplasticparticlespiecesfortheride.(研究人員在四種類型的塑料上測試了這些微型機(jī)器人。一周后，所有四種塑料都開始分解，失去了0.5%到3%的重量。在另一項(xiàng)測試中，微型機(jī)器人驅(qū)動自己通過一個小通道，并被一個磁鐵收集，帶來了高達(dá)70%的塑料顆粒碎片的旅程)”可推知，微型機(jī)器人在測試中的表現(xiàn)令人滿意。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“ButCowger,anexpertinplasticpollutionsaysmicro-robotsareprobablylimitedtoclosedsystems,likesystemswhichareusedtotreatdrinkingwaterorwastewater.(但研究塑料污染的專家Cowger表示，微型機(jī)器人可能局限于封閉系統(tǒng)，比如用于處理飲用水或廢水的系統(tǒng))”以及最后一段““Theworkisreallyinteresting,butitneedsfurtherexperimentstomakethisapproachareallypracticaltechnologytodealwiththehugenumbersofplasticparticles,”accordingtoPeterEdwards,achemistinOxford.(牛津大學(xué)的化學(xué)家PeterEdwards表示：“這項(xiàng)工作真的很有趣，但還需要進(jìn)一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)，才能使這種方法成為處理大量塑料顆粒的真正實(shí)用技術(shù)?！?”可知，二人認(rèn)為微型機(jī)器人不完善，Cowger和PeterEdwards可能會同意“微型機(jī)器人需要改進(jìn)”的觀點(diǎn)。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Plasticparticleshavemadetheirwayintoair,waterandsoilaroundtheworld.Nowanewresearchshowsawaytohelpsolvethisproblem,atleastinwater,withmicrorobots.Whenaddedtowater,thetinydevicesgatheronplasticparticlesandbeginbreakingthemdown.(塑料顆粒已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了世界各地的空氣、水和土壤?，F(xiàn)在，一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示了一種幫助解決這一問題的方法，至少在水中，用微型機(jī)器人。當(dāng)加入水后，這些微小的設(shè)備聚集在塑料顆粒上，并開始分解它們)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了一種微小機(jī)器人可以聚集在塑料顆粒上，并開始分解它們。文章介紹了其工作過程、測試表現(xiàn)以及人們對它的看法?？赏浦?，文章可能選自雜志的“環(huán)境”一欄。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manypeoplewanttoownasocialclub.___16___However,it'smucheasiertostartaclubthanrunaclub.Torunaclubefficiently,thefollowingtipsmayhelpyou.Conductfrequentmeetings.Makesureyouholdmeetingsregularly.Itcouldbeonceinamonthoronceinaweek.___17___Eachmeetingshouldbestartedwithapurposeandhavealotoffunandentertainment.Fortheentertainment,youcanorganizegamesandplaysYoucanalsodistributeprizesforgames.Guaranteethateverymemberhasequalchancestospeaktheirmindandact.___18___Bringinnewmembers.Yourclubmayhave50membersnow.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyouwillstopinvitingmorepeople.___19___So,youmustmakesuretobringinatleastoneortwomemberspermonth.Askyourclubmemberstotalktotheirfriends,family,classmates,andcolleagues.Apartfromthissocialcircle,youcanalsopostadvertisementsonthesocialmedia.___20___Youhavetomakeeachclubmemberfeelasenseofbelonging.Todothis,ithelpstodevelopgoodrelationshipswiththem,evenwhenthereisnoclubmeeting.Ifaclubmemberishonoredorachievedagoalinhis/hercareer,updateaboutitontheclubaccountofthesocialmediaandexpresscongratulations.Encouragephonetalksandorganizetripshikes,lunchgatheringwithfamilyoranyotherfriendlyactivitiestokeeptheclubunited.A.Stayintouchwithyourmembers.B.Theclubshouldbelivelyandactive.C.Expresscongratulationswhennecessary.D.Individualsleaveforunexpectedanduncertainreasons.E.Thismakeseveryonefeelinvolvedandcontributingequally.F.Yoursocialcircleshouldbethebestplacetofindnewmembers.G.Clubsareagreatwaytoconnectwithpeoplefromdifferentwalksoflife.【答案】16.G17.B18.E19.D20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了運(yùn)營一個社交俱樂部的一些方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Manypeoplewanttoownasocialclub.”（許多人想擁有一個社交俱樂部）說明許多人都想有一個社交俱樂部，接下來介紹何為俱樂部，與選項(xiàng)G.Clubsareagreatwaytoconnectwithpeoplefromdifferentwalksoflife.（俱樂部是與各行各業(yè)的人聯(lián)系的好方法）相一致。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Eachmeetingshouldbestartedwithapurposeandhavealotoffunandentertainment.”（每次會議都應(yīng)該有一個目的，并有很多樂趣和娛樂。）說明每次俱樂部會面都應(yīng)該有趣有娛樂，與選項(xiàng)B.Theclubshouldbelivelyandactive.（俱樂部應(yīng)該是活潑和活躍的。）相一致。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Fortheentertainment,youcanorganizegamesandplays.Youcanalsodistributeprizesforgames.Guaranteethateverymemberhasequalchancestospeaktheirmindandact.”（對于娛樂，您可以組織游戲和戲劇。您還可以分發(fā)游戲獎品。保證每個成員都有平等的機(jī)會表達(dá)自己的想法和行動。）說明游戲和確保每個人都能表達(dá)自己，這樣每個人都會有參與感，與選項(xiàng)E.Thismakeseveryonefeelinvolvedandcontributingequally.（這讓每個人都感到參與并平等地做出貢獻(xiàn)。）相一致。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“So,youmustmakesuretobringinatleastoneortwomemberspermonth.”（因此，您必須確保每月至少引入一兩個成員。）說明成員會由于某些原因離開，所以你應(yīng)該每月補(bǔ)充一些新成員，前后句存在因果關(guān)系，與選項(xiàng)D.Individualsleaveforunexpectedanduncertainreasons.（個人出于意外和不確定的原因離開。）相一致。故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Youhavetomakeeachclubmemberfeelasenseofbelonging.”（你必須讓每個俱樂部成員都有歸屬感。）說明使俱樂部成員有歸屬感，和他們保持聯(lián)系就可以做到這樣，與選項(xiàng)A.Stayintouchwithyourmembers.（與您的會員保持聯(lián)系。）相一致。故選A。第三部分語言知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A，B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Haveyouevermetsomeonewithexactlythesamenameasyou?PaulO’SullivanfromBaltimorehas,AndhisfellowPaulO’Sullivansendedupbecoming___21___Onenight,BaltimorePaulwasaddingPaulO’SullivansonFacebookandmanyofthem___22___hisfriendrequest.He___23___whattheyhadincommon:Theywereall___24___.RotterdamPaulsingsandplaystheguitar.AnotherfromPennsylvaniaisadrummer.BaltimorePaulreachedouttootherPaularoundtheworld.Finally,threePauls___25___toformamusicalgroupwithhim,namedThePaulO’SullivanBand.WhentheworldshutdownduetoCOVID-19,they___26___theyhadbeenworkingremotelytogether,sothey___27___tousethelockdown(防范禁閉期)to___28___awholealbumforthefirsttime.“Itfeelsgreattobeableto___29___peopleontheothersideoftheworldbecauseyoudon’tfeel____30____atthemoment,”saidRotterdamPaul.ForallfourPauls,musicwasmore____31____thanever.“Ihavealwaysusedmusicto____32____metogetthroughthebadtimes.____33____,IthinkthelockdownwentfasterbecauseIwasdoingthisatthismoment.”RotterdamPauladded.Duringayearwhenmanythingswereputonpause,thesefourwereabletostay____34____andmakesomethinggreat.“OnceCOVIDcame,somany____35____hadshutonmusicians,”PennsylvaniaPaulsaid,“AndBaltimorePaul____36____thisdooralready,right？Thenwehada(an)____37____purpose,”“AndIthinkforme,thatgavemealotof____38____,thatIwasn'tlockedoutof____39____.Infact,wecould____40____something,despitethenewadversity(逆境),”hecontinued,“Everybodysaidno,andThePaulO’SullivanBandsaidyes.”21.A.colleagues B.friends C.neighbors D.relatives22.A.accepted B.needed C.met D.expressed23.A.believed B.noticed C.wondered D.doubted24.A.musicians B.players C.composers D.pianists25.A.learned B.wanted C.agreed D.tried26.A.expected B.admitted C.realized D.concluded27A.had B.continued C.failed D.decided28.A.record B.improve C.sell D.advertise29A.remember B.telephone C.miss D.contact30.A.tired B.alone C.sick D.angry31.A.practical B.different C.impossible D.important32.A.order B.force C.help D.carry33.A.Gradually B.Actually C.Occasionally D.Obviously34.A.quiet B.calm C.connected D.relaxed35.A.doors B.companies C.stores D.hospitals36.A.openedup B.pointedto C.lookedat D.focusedon37.A.unreachable B.uncertain C.limited D.extra38.A.adventures B.satisfaction C.tasks D.information39.A.nothing B.anything C.everything D.something40.A.predict B.stop C.imagine D.achieve【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.A25.C26.C27.D28.A29.D30.B31.D32.C33.B34.C35.A36.A37.D38.D39.C40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了四個名叫保羅·奧沙利文的音樂家們在疫情爆發(fā)期間，通過合作錄制專輯的故事?！驹斀狻?.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：巴爾的摩的保羅·奧沙利文，和他的搭檔保羅·奧沙利文成了朋友。A.colleagues同事；B.friends朋友；C.neighbors鄰居；D.relatives親戚。根據(jù)下文“2hisfriendrequest”可知，此處指他們成為了朋友。故選B。2.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一天晚上，巴爾摩保羅在臉書上加了保羅·奧蘇利文，很多人都接受了他的好友請求。A.accepted接受；B.needed需要；C.met遇見；D.expressed表達(dá)。根據(jù)前文“AndhisfellowPaulO'Sullivansendedupbecoming__1____”可知，他們成為了朋友，所以此處指他的好友的請求被接受了。故選A。3.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他注意到它們有相同點(diǎn)。A.believed相信；B.noticed注意到；C.wondered想知道；D.doubted懷疑。根據(jù)下文“Theywereall_4__.”可知，這是他們的共同點(diǎn)。所以此處指他注意到他們的共同點(diǎn)。故選B。4.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們都是音樂家。A.musicians音樂家；B.players演員，參賽選手；C.composers作曲家；D.pianists畫家。根據(jù)下文“RotterdamPaulsingsandplaystheguitar.AnotherfromPennsylvaniaisadrummer.”及“hadshutonmusicians”可知此處指他們都是音樂家。故選A。5.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，三個保羅同意和他組成一個樂隊(duì)，叫保羅·奧沙利文樂隊(duì)。A.learned學(xué)習(xí)；B.wanted想要；C.agreed同意；D.tried嘗試。根據(jù)前文“BaltimorePaulreachedouttootherPaularoundtheworld.”及下文“toformamusicalgroupwith”可知，此處指其它的三位保羅答應(yīng)和他一起組成一個樂隊(duì)。故選C。6.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)世界因?yàn)?019冠狀病毒疾病而關(guān)閉時，他們意識到他們一直在遠(yuǎn)程合作，所以他們決定第一次用防范禁閉期來錄制整張專輯。A.expected期待；B.admitted承認(rèn)；C.realized意識到；D.concluded推斷。根據(jù)下文“theyhadbeenworkingremotelytogether”，可知此處指他們意識到他們一直在遠(yuǎn)程合作。故選C。7.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.had有；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.failed失敗；D.decided決定。根據(jù)下文“awholealbumforthefirsttime”可知，此處指他們決定使用此次的禁閉，來第一次開始錄制專輯。故選D。8.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.record錄制；B.improve改善；C.sell出售；D.advertise登廣告。根據(jù)下文“awholealbumforthefirsttime”可知，他們此次是第一次錄制專輯。故選A。9.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：能夠與世界另一端的人取得聯(lián)系感覺很棒，因?yàn)榇丝棠悴挥X得孤獨(dú)。鹿特丹保羅說。A.remember記??；B.telephone打電話；C.miss懷念；錯過；D.contact聯(lián)系。根據(jù)下文“thesefourwereabletostay__14____andmakesomethinggreat.”可知，此處指與世界另一端的人取的聯(lián)系。故選D。10.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.tired累的；B.alone孤獨(dú)的；C.sick生病的；D.angry生氣的。結(jié)合前文可知，與世界另一端的人取的聯(lián)系，所以在這個防范禁閉期你就不會感到孤獨(dú)。故選B。11.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對于所有四個保羅來說，音樂比以往任何時候都重要。A.practical實(shí)用的；B.different不同的；C.impossible不可能的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)下文“Ihavealwaysusedmusicto__12___metogetthroughthebadtimes.”提到了音樂的幫助作用，所以此處指音樂在這個時期對這四個人而言的比以往更重要。故選D。12.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是用音樂來幫助我度過難關(guān)。A.order訂購；B.force強(qiáng)迫；C.help幫助；D.carry攜帶。根據(jù)下文“togetthroughthebadtimes”可知，此處指音樂幫助自己度過困難的時期。故選C。13.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，我認(rèn)為防范禁閉期過得更快，因?yàn)槲掖丝陶谧鲞@件事?！甭固氐けＡ_補(bǔ)充道。A.Gradually逐漸地；B.Actually事實(shí)上；C.Occasionally偶然地；D.Obviously顯而易見地。根據(jù)下文“Ithinkthelockdownwentfaster”表示個人的認(rèn)知，所以此處指事實(shí)上我認(rèn)為更快。故選B。14.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在許多事情都暫停的一年里，這四個人能夠保持聯(lián)系，創(chuàng)造偉大的事業(yè)。A.quiet安靜的；B.calm冷靜的；C.connected聯(lián)系的；D.relaxed放松的。根據(jù)前文“they6theyhadbeenworkingremotelytogether”可知此處指這四個人保持聯(lián)系。故選C。15.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)冠狀病毒襲來時，很多音樂家就被拒之門外。A.doors門；B.companies公司；C.stores商店；D.hospitals醫(yī)院。結(jié)合下文“thisdooralready”，可知此處指對音樂家們的大門關(guān)閉了。故選A。16.考查短語詞詞義辨析。句意：巴爾的摩保羅已經(jīng)把門打開了，對嗎？A.openedup開放；B.pointedto指向；C.lookedat看；D.focusedon集中于。結(jié)合前文“hadshutonmusicians,”可知此處指已經(jīng)把門打開了。故選A。17.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我們就有了另外的目的。A.unreachable不能到達(dá)的；B.uncertain不確定的；C.limited有限的；D.extra額外的；另外的。結(jié)合前文可知，這四個人首先答應(yīng)組成了一個音樂團(tuán)體，而在冠狀病毒爆發(fā)時期，他們決定錄制第一次遠(yuǎn)程錄制一個專輯。所以這個目的是成立音樂團(tuán)隊(duì)之外的。故選D。18.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得對我來說，這給了我很多信息，我并不是什么都不知道。A.adventures冒險；B.satisfaction滿意；C.tas