河北省邢臺市2018-2019學年高一上學期期末考試英語試卷

PAGEPAGE270邢臺市2018~2019學年高一(上)期末測試英語考生注意:1.本試卷共150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodofirst?A.Fixtheshelf. B.Paintthecar. C.Lookforhiskey.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。2.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Writingastory. B.Tellingajoke. C.Watchingamovie.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。3.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutTom?A.Hegetsnervousveryeasily.B.Heisnotusedtomakingaspeech.C.Heisextremelygoodatmakingaspeech.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。4.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whywasthewomansolate?A.Shedidn’tcatchthebus.B.Shetooksomebodytohospital.C.Somethingwentwrongwiththebus.【答案】C【解析】【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。5.【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hepreferredtogotothebasketballgame.B.Hedidn’tliketogotothebasketballgame.C.HeenjoyedwatchingthefootballgameonTV.【答案】B【解析】【詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】6.WhathappenedtoLucytodayatschool?A.Mariahadaquarrelwithher.B.Mariaaskedherforhelpintheexam.C.Mariawantedtocopyherhomework.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates. B.Motherandson. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【6題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。【7題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatisthewoman?A.Aninterviewer. B.Ashopkeeper. C.Awaitress.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetothemanintheend?A.Satisfied. B.Admired. C.Unsatisfied.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【8題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】10.HowdidMrLamhelptheman?A.Byhelpinghimwithhisstudy.B.Byofferinghimaparttimejob.C.Bylendinghimsomepocketmoney.11.Whendoesthemanworkpart-time?A.OnFriday. B.Ontheweekdays. C.Attheweekends.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheclub?A.Itisexpensive. B.Itisfantastic. C.Itisuseless.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【10題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?1題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?2題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幱幸纛l，請去附件查看】13.Whatwasthewomanabouttodobeforeansweringthephone?A.Getup. B.Gotobed. C.Meettheman.14.WhatkindoftransportationwillthemantaketoDisneyWorld?A.Ataxi. B.Abus. C.Acar.15.Wherewillthemanmeetthewoman?A.AtDisneyWorld.B.AtOrlandoAirport.C.AttheKennedySpaceCenter.16.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoPanhandle?A.Torelaxonthebeach.B.Tomeetsomenewfriends.C.Togoshopping.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.A【解析】【13題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?4題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?5題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。【16題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處有音頻，請去附件查看】17.Howoldshouldthevolunteersbe?A.From12to16. B.From12to60. C.Over60.18.Whatcanvolunteersdoforthehospitals?A.Showpeopletheway. B.Helpthedoctors. C.Takecareofchildren.19.Whatisthemostsuitablevolunteerjobforagardener?A.Sellingflowersandtrees.B.Teachingpeoplehowtolookafterplants.C.Lookingafterhomelessdogsandcatsinthegarden.20.Howcanpeoplegetintouchwiththeorganization?A.Bymakingacall.B.Bysendingane-mail.C.Byvisitingitswebsite.【答案】17.B18.A19.B20.A【解析】【17題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?8題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?9題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略?！?0題詳解】此題為聽力題，解析略。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AStoriesofAnimalsActingJustLikeHumans◆MonkeysdomathIfmonkeysmanagetheworld,wemighthavestayedawayfromtherecentbankinghardship.InanexperimentledbyKeithChenatYale,monkeysshowedanunderstandingofpricingandplanningthemoney,aswellasawishtostayawayfromlosseswhenrequiredtobuyfoodwithmoney.Makessensethisonelookslikeit’scheckingitsstocks(股票)onasmartphone.Thinkthat’simpressive?◆CameleatsbreakfastwithpeopleThefirsttimeJoeatewithBritishfarmers,hewasuninvited.Thefour-year-oldBactriancamelstuckhisheadthroughtheiropenkitchenwindow,andemptiedafruitbowl.Nowthecouple,whorentoutreindeer,camels,goats,andothercreaturesfortelevisionshows,movies,andphotoshoots,setaplaceattheirtablefortheconfidentdouble-humpedcreature,whereJoeeatsgrainfoodandhisfavorite:bananasontoast.◆Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboyAgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.Typically,theybeattheirtails,chatter,andwhistletowarnothermarmotsofdanger,butwithMatteo,theybehavemuchdifferently,allowingtheboytofeed,pet,andeventouchnoseswiththem.“Watchingthemmakesmefeelaconnectionwithnature,”saysMatteo.Howsweet!21.Inwhatwaydomonkeysbehavelikehumansaccordingtothetext?A.Incharacter. B.Inintelligence.C.Incommunication. D.Inthewayoflifestyle.22.WhydotheBritishcoupleraisetheanimals?A.Tomakemoney.B.Tohavedinnerswiththem.C.Toprotectendangeredanimals.D.Totrainthemtoactashumans.23.WhydidMatteoWalchgototheAustrianAlps?A.Towarnmarmotsofdanger.B.Todevelopinterestinnature.C.Tomakefriendswithmarmots.D.Togoonaholidaywithhisfamily.【答案】21.B22.A23.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。文章講述了幾個動物和人類行為相似的故事?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Monkeysdomath部分的monkeysshowedanunderstandingofpricingandplanningthemoney,aswellasawishtostayawayfromlosseswhenrequiredtobuyfoodwithmoney（猴子們表現(xiàn)出了對定價和理財?shù)睦斫?，以及在需要用錢購買食物時避免損失的愿望）可推知，猴子在智力上表現(xiàn)得像人類。故B選項正確?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cameleatsbreakfastwithpeople部分的Nowthecouple,whorentoutreindeer,camels,goats,andothercreaturesfortelevisionshows,movies,andphotoshoots（現(xiàn)在，這對夫婦把馴鹿、駱駝、山羊和其它動物出租出去用于電視節(jié)目、電影和攝影）可知，這對英國夫婦養(yǎng)這些動物是為了賺錢。故A選項正確。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboy部分的AgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.（奧地利阿爾卑斯山上的一群土撥鼠偶然結(jié)識了8歲的馬泰奧·瓦爾奇，瓦爾奇一家夏天都在那里度假）可推知，馬泰奧?瓦爾奇去奧地利阿爾卑斯山是和家人一起去度假的。故D選項正確。【點睛】細節(jié)事實理解題主要考查考生對文章中某一些特定細節(jié)或文章的重要事實的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解題和語義理解題兩種。直接理解題的答案與原文直接掛鉤，從閱讀材料中可以找到。此外，在閱讀中可以使用定位法與跳讀法解決細節(jié)理解題。定位法即根據(jù)題干和選項所提供的信息直接從原文中找到相應的句子(即定位)，然后進行比較和分析(尤其要注意一些同義轉(zhuǎn)換)，從而找出正確答案。跳讀法即根據(jù)題干和選項所提供的信息跳讀原文，并找到相關的句子(有時可能是幾個句子)或段落，然后進行分析和推理等，從而找出正確答案。以本文第3小題為例，本題運用定位法：我們根據(jù)題干WhydidMatteoWalchgototheAustrianAlps?其關鍵詞是MatteoWalch，從而直接定位到Marmots(土撥鼠)befriendaboy部分的AgroupofmarmotsintheAustrianAlpshasmadefriendswitheight-year-oldMatteoWalchbychance,whosefamilyvacationsthereinsummer.（奧地利阿爾卑斯山上的一群土撥鼠偶然結(jié)識了8歲的馬泰奧?瓦爾奇，瓦爾奇一家夏天都在那里度假）可推知，馬泰奧?瓦爾奇去奧地利阿爾卑斯山是和家人一起去度假的。故D選項正確。BToday,after10daysofmedicaltreatment,forthefirsttime,IwentoutalonetomeetamotherlyladywhoIhadmetduringmystayinaprogram.Shehadbeenunwellrecentlyandlivedalone.Hersonsliveinforeigncountries.AfterIcalledherandtoldaboutmyplantovisither,shestartedbecomingexcitedandplanningfoodatonce.Nowadays,shehasaladycookcomingbytohelpherbutshedoespartoftheworkherselfwithherbandaged(繃帶)leg.Ireachedherhomealoneafterbeingguidedacoupleoftimesbyherbefore.Icarriedlittlethings(snacks,booksetc.)forher.ShehadbeenwaitingforsometimewhenIarrived.Wetalkedaboutdifferentthingsfromhealthtoherlifeandmine,frompasttofuture,fromfoodtotraveletc.Duringthediscussion,hercareformebecameclearwhenshemadewarmsuggestionsorsupportedme.Duringthelastfewmonths,shehadstruggledwithhealthandhousework.Shehadgotoverthosedifficultiesandhereshewastellingmehowallofusmustfacesomeproblems.Shehadseenafewpeoplefacingworseproblemsinthehospitalandmentionedabouttheircasesandwasgratefulforherpresentconditionwhichwasmanageable.Shewantedtogiftmesomething—shekeptthinkingofadress,watch,footwearetc.whateverwasnewandgreatinherhome.Ikeptrefusingbutfinallytookthefootwearoutofpoliteness.ShelovedthesnacksIhadbroughtandwantedtoeatthemwithhertea,Iwasquitehappytoseethechildlikeinterest.WhileIwasspendingtimewithmymotherlyfriend,thefollowingthoughtkeptcomingbacktome—probablythisiswhyIhavelivedthroughthe10daysinthiscity.ThetimeIspentwithherseemedsomuchneeded.Ifeltthedeeppeaceitcouldbringtomeandthatbroughtsuchabigjoy!24.Howdidtheelderlyladyfeelwhensheheardtheauthor’svisit?A.Shocked. B.Pleased. C.Nervous. D.Embarrassed.25.Whatcanwelearnabouttheladyfromhertalkswiththeauthor?A.Shewasconsiderateandveryhealthy.B.Shewishedtheauthorlolivewithher.C.Sheshowedmuchconcerntoherbandagedleg.D.Shewasgratefulcomparedwiththoselessfortunate.26.Whydidtheauthoracceptthelady’sgift?A.Itisimpolitetoturndownthewarm-heartedoffer.B.Shehappenedtoneedsuchshoestowear.C.Itwouldbeawastetokeepshoesunused.D.Shewantedtoexchangegiftswithher.27.Howdidthetimespentwiththeladybenefittheauthor?A.Itenabledtheauthortoliveinthecitysolong.B.Itgavetheauthoralotofadviceonabetterlife.C.Ithelpedtheauthortokeepapeacefulmind.D.Ithelpedtheauthorstayawayfromlonelinessinlife.【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C【解析】本文為記敘文。在接受了10天的治療后，作者第一次獨自出去會見了一位慈母般的女士，她是作者在一個項目中遇到的。作者和她在一起的時間似乎很有必要。作者感受到了它能帶給自己的深深的寧靜和巨大的快樂!【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的AfterIcalledherandtoldaboutmyplantovisither,shestartedbecomingexcitedandplanningfoodatonce.（我打電話給她，告訴她我要去看她的計劃后，她開始變得興奮起來，馬上開始準備吃的）可知，那位老太太聽到作者要來探望它后感到很高興。故B選項正確。【25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Shehadseenafewpeoplefacingworseproblemsinthehospitalandmentionedabouttheircasesandwasgratefulforherpresentconditionwhichwasmanageable.（她看到一些人在醫(yī)院里面臨著更嚴重的問題，并提到了他們的情況，她很感激自己目前的狀況是可控的）可知，與那些不幸的人相比，她心懷感激。故D選項正確?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Ikeptrefusingbutfinallytookthefootwearoutofpoliteness.（我一直拒絕，但最后還是出于禮貌把鞋子拿走了）可知，作者最終接受了老太太的禮物，是因為拒絕熱心的禮物是不禮貌的。故A選項正確。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的ThetimeIspentwithherseemedsomuchneeded.Ifeltthedeeppeaceitcouldbringtomeandthatbroughtsuchabigjoy!（我和她在一起的時間似乎是那么的需要。我感到它能給我?guī)砩钌畹钠届o，這給我?guī)砹巳绱舜蟮目鞓?）可知，和那位女士在一起的時間使作者能保持了一種平和、快樂的心態(tài)。故C選項正確。CAstudyhasfoundthatalifetimeofregularexerciseandactivitycanslowdowntheagingprocess(衰老過程).Researcherssaythatgettingoldershouldnotnecessarilymeanbecomingmoreweakorsick.Theirresearchshowsthatadevotiontoalifeofmovementandexercisemayhelpuslivenotonlylonger,butalsohealthier.Fortheirstudy,theresearcherslookedattwogroups.Thefirstgroupwasmadeupof125non-professionalcyclistsbetweentheagesof55to79.Thisgroupincluded84healthymenand41healthywomen.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“cyclists”.Researchersthenfound130peopletomakeupasecondgroup.Withinthisgroup,75peoplewereagedfrom57to80.Theother55werebetweentheagesof20and36.Thepeopleinthisgroupwerealsohealthy,buttheydidnotexerciseregularly.Wewillcallthisgroupthe“non-exercisers”.Smokers,heavydrinkersofalcoholandpeoplewithotherhealthissueswerenotincludedinthestudy.Then,researchersgavebothgroupsaseriesoftests.Theytestedtheirmusclemass(肌肉質(zhì)量),muscularstrength,percentageofbodyfatandthestrengthoftheirimmune(免疫的)systems.Thentheresearcherscomparedtheresultsofthetwogroups.Resultsshowedthatthecyclistsdidnotexperiencebodychangesusuallyregardedasanormalagingprocess.Forexample,theydidnotlosemusclemassormuscularstrength.Also,theirbodyfatdidnotincreasewithage.Theresearchersalsofoundsomethingtheyhadnotexpected.Thestudyshowedthattheimmunesystemsofthecyclistsdidnotageeither.Theresearchersadviseusalltofindanexercisethatwelikeinourlives.28.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Bycomparing. B.Bydiscussing.C.Byimagining. D.Byreasoning.29.Whichofthefollowingisaresultoftheresearch?A.Thecyclistskeptathinbodyshape.B.Thenon-exercisersgainedweighteasily.C.Thecyclists’musclesremainedstrongwithage.D.Thenon-exercisersusuallyhadhealthproblems.30.Whichisanunexpectedresultfortheresearchers?A.Thecyclistshadnormalagingprocess.B.Thecyclists’immunesystemsdidn’tage.C.Thecyclistslostnearlyalltheirfat.D.Everyoneneededanexerciseintheirlives.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthyPeopleNeedMoreExerciseB.TakeanExercise,theHarder,theBetterC.CyclingIstheBestWaytoPreventAgingD.ALifetimeofExerciseSlowsAgingProcess【答案】28.A29.C30.B31.D【解析】本文為說明文。文章介紹了一項研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)終身規(guī)律鍛煉或運動可減緩衰老進程?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三、四段對研究過程的描述及第四段中的Thentheresearcherscomparedtheresultsofthetwogroups.（然后研究人員比較了兩組的結(jié)果）可知，研究人員通過比較來進行研究。故A選項正確。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的Resultsshowedthatthecyclistsdidnotexperiencebodychangesusuallyregardedasanormalagingprocess.Forexample,theydidnotlosemusclemassormuscularstrength.（結(jié)果顯示，騎自行車的人并沒有經(jīng)歷通常被認為是正常老化過程中的身體變化。例如，他們沒有失去肌肉質(zhì)量或肌肉力量）可知，隨著年齡的增長，騎自行車的人的肌肉依然保持強健。故C選項正確?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Thestudyshowedthattheimmunesystemsofthecyclistsdidnotageeither.（研究表明，騎自行車的人的免疫系統(tǒng)也沒有老化）可知，騎自行車的人的免疫系統(tǒng)沒有老化。故B選項正確?！?1題詳解】標題判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Astudyhasfoundthatalifetimeofregularexerciseandactivitycanslowdowntheagingprocess(衰老過程).（一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，終生有規(guī)律的運動和活動可以減緩衰老過程）及下文對這項研究的描述可知，D項“一生的鍛煉可以減緩衰老的過程”適合做本文最佳標題。故D選項正確。DAstudyshowedthatfatwassociallycatchingamongfriends.Peoplewereactuallymakingoneanothergainand,sometimes,loseweight.Thefindinghasbeenprovedinotherpopulations.Sohowdoesfriends’bodyweightaffecteachother?Onewayisimitation(模仿).Brainscansshowthatwhenyouwatchsomeoneelseeatorrun,yourbrainactivityisthesameasifyouwereeatingorrunningyourself,causingyoutodothesamethings.Peopleinexperimentsseatednexttoheavyeaterswouldeatmorethanthoseseatednexttolighteaters.Socialexamplesalsoplayarole:Ifyourfriendgainsweight,youmightbecomelesswillingtogotothegymbecauseyourfriend’sexampleshowedyouthatweightgainisn’ttheendoftheworld.She’sheavierbutstillthesamepersonyouknowandlove.Andnowthat66percentoftheAmericanpopulationisoverweight,that’saprettywell-fixedsocialexample.Happily,thiseffectcouldbeturnedupsidedownifpeopleworkedtocreateanoppositesocialexample—weightlosscanaffecteachotherjustaseasilyasweightgainifyouformthefat-fightinghabits,startingarunningclubincludingfriendsoffriendssothatyou’remakingclosefriendswithmoreexercisers.Youcanalsomakehealthierfoodchoicesandeatwithgreaterself-control.Ifyougiveupthefriesandeatmorevegetables,yourfriendsaremorelikelytomakethesamechoices.Ifyou’rethinkingthosesoundlikealotofwork,maybeitwouldjustbeeasiertoditchfriendswhogainweighttostopthemfromaffectingyou.Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.32.Whatwillpeopleintheexperimentsdoiftheyeatwithheavyeaters?A.Hatethem. B.Leavethem.C.Followthem. D.Loseweight.33.Howmightpeoplerespondtotheirfatfriendsaccordingtothetext?A.Gotothegymwiththemoften.B.Thinknothingofbecomingfat.C.Warnthemthedanger.D.Likethembetter.34.Whatcanyoudotomakegooduseofthediscovery?A.Setagoodexampleforyourfriends.B.Makeupyourmindtomakemorefriends.C.Setuphealthclubasabusiness.D.Drinkmorewater.35.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ditch”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Dependon. B.Relievein.C.Watchover. D.Giveup.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文為說明文。一項研究表明，肥胖會在朋友間傳染。人們實際上是在互相增重，有時還在減肥。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)已在其他人群中得到證實。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Peopleinexperimentsseatednexttoheavyeaterswouldeatmorethanthoseseatednexttolighteaters.（在實驗中，坐在重食者旁邊的人會比坐在輕食者旁邊的人吃得更多）可推知，在實驗中，如果人們和食量大的人一起吃飯，他們也會跟著吃。故C選項正確?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Ifyourfriendgainsweight,youmightbecomelesswillingtogotothegymbecauseyourfriend’sexampleshowedyouthatweightgainisn’ttheendoftheworld.She’sheavierbutstillthesamepersonyouknowandlove.（如果你的朋友體重增加了，你可能就不太愿意去健身房了，因為你朋友的榜樣告訴你，體重增加并不是世界末日。她更胖了，但仍然是你認識和愛的那個人）可知，對于長胖了的朋友，人們認為變胖沒有什么大不了的。故B選項正確?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Ifyougiveupthefriesandeatmorevegetables,yourfriendsaremorelikelytomakethesamechoices.（如果你放棄薯條而多吃蔬菜，你的朋友更有可能做出同樣的選擇）可知，根據(jù)這項發(fā)現(xiàn)，你可以為你的朋友樹立一個好榜樣。故A選項正確?！?5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.（遠離肥胖朋友的人并沒有減肥，可能是因為失去朋友的代價讓減肥的努力停止了）可知，劃線詞所在句句意為“如果你認為這些聽起來需要做很多工作，那么也許甩掉那些體重增加的朋友會更容易些，這樣他們就不會影響你了?！庇纱丝芍?，劃線詞ditch意為“甩掉，丟棄”。A.Dependon依靠；B.Relievein緩解；C.Watchover監(jiān)視；D.Giveup放棄。故D選項正確。【點睛】依據(jù)邏輯推理猜測詞義：運用邏輯推理猜測詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、復雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相關的詞匯并結(jié)合具體的語境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語言之間的邏輯關系，進而達到猜詞的目的。在第4小題中，考生可以根據(jù)該劃線詞所在的上下文語境來推測其指代對象。根據(jù)下一句Peoplewhokeptawayfromafatfrienddidn’tloseweight,possiblybecausethecostoflosingafriendstoppedweight-lossefforts.（遠離肥胖朋友的人并沒有減肥，可能是因為失去朋友的代價讓減肥的努力停止了）可知，劃線詞所在句句意為“如果你認為這些聽起來需要做很多工作，那么也許甩掉那些體重增加的朋友會更容易些，這樣他們就不會影響你了?！庇纱丝芍瑒澗€詞ditch意為“甩掉，丟棄”。A.Dependon依靠；B.Relievein緩解；C.Watchover監(jiān)視；D.Giveup放棄。故D選項正確。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Recentscientificstudieshaveonlyunderlinedtheimportanceofgoodsleep.Butjustwhatcanawoman(orman)dotogetagoodnight’srest?____36____.Silky(絲滑)SmoothForsilkysmoothskin,buysomesilkysmoothclothwithoutwrinkling(起皺)！____37____.Silkwon’tleaveimpressionsontheface,thosekindofstrangemarksthatcanappearanywhereonthebodyaftersleepingoncottoncloth.Softclothcansuityourbody’snaturalshapesandhelpkeeptheirproperform.___38___Here’sasimplewayforpeoplewhohaveahardtimefallingasleep:trytakingashower!Showeringcanrelaxthebodyandmind,helpingthemusclestoletgoofdailystress.____39____.Butmostimportantly,ashoweralsohelpsadjustbodytemperature.Toactuallyfallasleep,ourbodytemperaturesneedtodropalittlebit.LimitsOutInordertoensurequalitysleep,makesurealllightsareoutintheroom.Sleepinginthedarkhelpsremoveupsetandhelpsourbodiesgointodeepsleep,duringwhichthebodyandmindrepairthemselves.____40____.A.CoolDownB.SlowDownC.ThesethreeeasytipswillhelpyousleepbetteratnightD.Thiskindofclothdon’twrinklequiteasroughlyascottonE.SleepingonyourbackkeepsfacialskinlayingatanaturalangleF.ApieceofblackclothcoveringeyescanhelpwiththeprocesstooG.Evenbetter,itaffordsanopportunitytoremoveallmakeupbeforebed【答案】36.C37.D38.A39.G40.F【解析】本文為說明文。最近的科學研究只是強調(diào)了良好睡眠的重要性。但是一個女人(或男人)怎樣才能睡個好覺呢？文章就此問題給出了幾點建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Butjustwhatcanawoman(orman)dotogetagoodnight’srest?（但是一個女人或男人怎樣才能睡個好覺呢？）及下文對三點建議的描述可知，C項“這三個簡單的建議將幫助你晚上睡得更好”符合此處語境。故C選項正確?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Forsilkysmoothskin,buysomesilkysmoothclothwithoutwrinkling(起皺)?。榱私z般光滑的皮膚，要買一些不起皺的絲般光滑的布!）可知，D項“這種布不像棉布那樣皺得那么粗糙”符合此處語境。故D選項正確。【38題詳解】根據(jù)本段主要講述如何放松自己及最后一句話Toactuallyfallasleep,ourbodytemperaturesneedtodropalittlebit.（要真正入睡，我們的體溫需要下降一點）可知，A項“平靜下來”符合此處語境。故A選項正確?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Showeringcanrelaxthebodyandmind,helpingthemusclestoletgoofdailystress.（洗澡可以放松身心，幫助肌肉釋放日常壓力）可知，G項“更好的是，它提供了一個在睡覺前卸妝的機會”符合此處語境。故G選項正確。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文Sleepinginthedarkhelpsremoveupsetandhelpsourbodiesgointodeepsleep,duringwhichthebodyandmindrepairthemselves.（在黑暗中睡覺有助于消除煩惱，幫助我們的身體進入深度睡眠，在此期間，身體和大腦自我修復）F項“用一塊黑布遮住眼睛也可以幫助這個過程”符合此處語境。故F選項正確。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空內(nèi)處的最佳選項。OnemorningwhenIwassendingapackagetoapoorwoman,Inoticedalittledoginheryard.Hewas____41____fromaterriblecaseofmange(癩疥).Iaskedherifhewasherdogandshesaidyes.Iaskedwhyshedidn’t____42____himandshetoldmetherewasnothingshecoulddoaboutitforbeingshortof____43____.MyheartbrokeasI____44____himslowlytryingtostandhis____45____fromtheillness.IaskedherifshewouldmindifItriedto____46____him.ItoldherIwouldtrytogetsome____47____tomakehimfeelcomfortable.Insteadofgoingtoa____48____chemist’sshop,Iwenttothelocalanimaldoctorandtoldhimwhatthedog____49____likeandhetoldmewhatIneeded.WhenI____50____tothewoman’shomeIaskedherifshewouldbesureto____51____thedoginthemedicineliquideverydayuntilitwas____52____.ImadeherpromisebecauseIknewIcouldnot____53____everydaytomakesureitwasdone.TwoweekslaterwhenIreturnedtothehouse,this____54____littleballofdogwithredfur____55____meatthedoor.Itwashim,shakinghistail____56____.Ismiledandtoldthewomanshedidagreat____57____.IaskedherifIcouldcallhimFirecracker(爆竹)becausehis____58____wassoredandlively.She____59____herheadyeswithtearsinhereyestoo.EverytimeIwenttoherhomeFirecrackeralwaysgreetedmewithawaveofhistail.Thatwasthebest$16I____60____spent.41.A.coming B.suffering C.away D.different42.A.feed B.sell C.treat D.donate43.A.time B.ability C.food D.money44.A.imagined B.watched C.heard D.kept45.A.pain B.noises C.looks D.hopelessness46.A.change B.please C.help D.buy47.A.medicine B.love C.water D.milk48.A.rural B.food C.strange D.regular49.A.sounded B.looked C.smelled D.felt50.A.returned B.hurried C.rushed D.turned51.A.raise B.protect C.walk D.bath52.A.cutdown B.takenapart C.usedup D.paidoff53.A.come B.work C.question D.flee54.A.weak B.funny C.energetic D.naughty55.A.drove B.ignored C.attacked D.recognized56.A.honestly B.carefully C.anxiously D.happily57.A.service B.job C.favor D.attempt58.A.fur B.neck C.eye D.nose59.A.dropped B.moved C.nodded D.shook60.A.even B.never C.then D.ever【答案】41.B42.C43.D44.B45.A46.C47.A48.D49.B50.A51.D52.C53.A54.C55.D56.D57.B58.A59.C60.D【解析】【分析】本文為記敘文。一天早上，當作者給一個貧窮的女人送包裹時，他注意到她的院子里有一只小狗。那條小狗患了嚴重的疥瘡。當作者問為什么她不給小狗治療時，她說因為缺錢而無能為力。于是作者去了當?shù)氐膭游镝t(yī)生那里，給小狗弄些藥，讓狗主人答應每天給小狗用藥水洗澡。最后，小狗康復了，并且認識了作者。每次作者去她家，小狗總是搖著尾巴歡迎他。作者內(nèi)心充滿了快樂與欣慰?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.comingfrom來自；B.sufferingfrom遭受，患有；C.awayfrom遠離；D.differentfrom和……不同。根據(jù)下文aterriblecaseofmange(癩疥)可知，那條小狗患了嚴重的疥瘡。故B選項正確。【42題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.feed喂養(yǎng)；B.sell賣；C.treat治療；D.donate捐贈。根據(jù)下文shetoldmetherewasnothingshecoulddoaboutit可知，作者問為什么她不給小狗治療。故C選項正確?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.time時間；B.ability能力；C.food食物；D.money錢。根據(jù)上文Iwassendingapackagetoapoorwoman可知，小狗的主人是因為缺錢沒有給小狗治療。故D選項正確?！?4題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.imagined想象；B.watched看；C.heard聽說；D.kept保持。當作者看著那條小狗的時候，他的心都碎了。故B選項正確?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.pain痛苦；B.noises噪音；C.looks外表；D.hopelessness絕望。根據(jù)上文slowlytryingtostand可知，小狗慢慢地試圖忍受疾病帶來的痛苦。故A選項正確?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.change改變；B.please請；C.help幫助；D.buy買。作者問狗主人是否介意自己幫一下這只小狗。故C選項正確?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.medicine藥；B.love愛；C.water水；D.milk牛奶。因為小狗患了嚴重的疥瘡，作者一定是想給小狗弄些藥。故A選項正確。【48題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.rural鄉(xiāng)下的；B.food食物；C.strange奇怪的；D.regular普通的。根據(jù)下文Iwenttothelocalanimaldoctorandtoldhimwhatthedog可知，作者沒有去普通的藥店，而是去了當?shù)氐膭游镝t(yī)生那里。故D選項正確?！?9題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.sounded聽起來；B.looked看起來；C.smelled聞起來；D.felt感覺。作者去了當?shù)氐膭游镝t(yī)生那里，告訴醫(yī)生那只狗長什么樣，他告訴我需要什么。故B選項正確。【50題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.returned返回；B.hurried倉促（做某事）；C.rushed匆忙地做；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)向。作者又回到了那個女人的家里。故A選項正確?！?1題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.raise撫養(yǎng)；B.protect保護；C.walk走；D.bath洗澡。根據(jù)下文inthemedicineliquid可知，作者問狗主人是否能確保每天用藥液給狗洗澡。故D選項正確。【52題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.cutdown砍倒，減少；B.takenapart拆卸；C.usedup用完；D.paidoff付清，得到回報。此處指直到藥水用完。故C選項正確?！?3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.come來；B.work工作；C.question提問；D.flee逃離。作者讓她答應，因為他知道自己不可能每天都來確保這件事完成。故A選項正確?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.weak弱的；B.funny滑稽的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.naughty淘氣的。根據(jù)下文littleballofdogwithredfur可知，小狗康復了，皮毛有了光澤，變得精力充沛。故C選項正確?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.drove驅(qū)趕；B.ignored忽視；C.attacked襲擊；D.recognized認出。根據(jù)下文Itwashim,shakinghistail____16____.可知，小狗認出了作者。故D選項正確?！?6題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.honestly誠實地；B.carefully仔細地；C.anxiously焦慮地；D.happily快樂地。根據(jù)上文shakinghistail可知，小狗快樂地搖著尾巴。故D選項正確【57題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.service服務；B.job工作；C.favor恩惠；D.attempt嘗試。作者笑著告訴那位女士，她做得很好。agreatjob“很好”。故B選項正確。【58題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.fur皮毛；B.neck脖子；C.eye眼睛；D.nose鼻子。根據(jù)上文littleballofdogwithredfur可知，作者問那位女士是否可以叫小狗爆竹，因為他的毛是如此的紅和活潑。故A選項正確?！?9題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.dropped掉落；B.moved感動；C.nodded點頭；D.shook搖動。根據(jù)下文herheadyeswithtearsinhereyestoo可知，那位女士含著眼淚點頭同意了。故C選項正確?！?0題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.even甚至；B.never從不；C.then那么；D.ever曾經(jīng)。這是作者曾經(jīng)花過的最好的16美元。故D選項正確。【點睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來學會“推理”出最佳選項。同學們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來查找信息。例如，第1小題要求判斷出那條小狗怎么樣，根據(jù)下文aterriblecaseofmange(癩疥)可知，那條小狗患了嚴重的疥瘡。再對比選項：A.comingfrom來自；B.sufferingfrom遭受，患有；C.awayfrom遠離；D.differentfrom和……不同。由此可知，故B選項正確。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MybestfriendandIwalkedtoanicecreamshoptoday.IbroughtmywaterbottleoutofhabitandhandedittohersonaturallythatIhadnoideawhyIbroughtit.Wekept____61____(go)though.Onourway,amanasked____62____eitherofushadmoneyforwater,oradrinkorsomething.Hewassittingonthegroundatthetimewithaboardhestoppedholdingup.Iofferedmyreusablewaterbottletohim.Hedrankallthewaterquite____63____(rapid).Hegavemybottlebackafterall.Isaidtomyfriendwith____64____smile,“ThatwaswhyIbroughtitthen.”O(jiān)nthereturnbackfromtheicecreamstore,Itried____65____(get)watertogo,incasehemightbestillthere.Theyonlyhadmineralwaterandlemonwaterthere,somethingheprobablydisliked.Itturnedouthewasno____66____(long)there,though.MyfriendandItalkedaboutkeepingwater____67____(bottle)inourcars.Thisway,wegivewithhealthythings____68____aretrulyhelpful.Webothlikethe____69____(create)ideaandthesethingswould___70___(prepare)soon.【答案】61.going62.if/whether63.rapidly64.a65.toget66.longer67.bottles68.that/which69.creative70.beprepared【解析】本文為記敘文。今天作者和最好的朋友去了一家冰淇淋店。出于習慣，她把水壺拿了出來，很自然地遞給了她，作者不知道為什么要帶著它。在路上，她們遇到了一個需要喝水的人，作者將水給了那個人。后來，作者和朋友打算，今后在車里放些水，以備給一些需要幫助的人提供幫助?！?1題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。固定搭配：keepdoing“繼續(xù)做，一直做某事”。故填going。【62題詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：在路上，一個人問我們是否有錢買水、飲料或其他東西。if/whether“是否”，此處引導賓語從句。故填if/whether?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：他很快地喝光了所有的水。此處修飾動詞drank，應使用副詞形式。故填rapidly。【64題詳解】考查不定冠詞。此處泛指“一個微笑”，應使用不定冠詞。故填a?！?5題詳解】考查不定式。句意：我試圖帶點水再走。固定搭配：trytodo“嘗試做”。故填toget?！?6題詳解】考查固定詞組。句意：結(jié)果他不在那里了。固