陜西省漢中市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模試題 英語(yǔ) 含解析

漢中市普通高中2025屆高三年級(jí)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howdoesthemansound?A.Worried.B.Confused.C.Tired.2.Whatwillthemanprobablybuild?A.Aplayground.B.Afrontyard.C.Agarden.3.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Athome.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atasupermarket.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sellingacar.B.Payingforthecar.C.Playingwithchildren.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thedailydiet.B.Thefoodprice.C.Thecookingskill.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whyisthewomangoingtotheairport?A.Tocatchaplane.B.Tomeetherparents.C.Toseeherbrotheroff.7.Wheredoesthewoman’sbrotherlive?A.InAmerica.B.InBritain.C.InFrance.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whichwordcanbestdescribethewoman’swashingmachine?A.Noisy.B.Dirty.C.Free.9.Whowillcheckthewoman’swashingmachine?A.Herneighbor.B.Arepairman.C.Herfather.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemantryingtodecide?A.Whethertomovehouse.B.Whethertorebuildhishouse.C.Whethertosendhiskidstoschool.11.Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoing?A.Findingacleanplacetolivein.B.Askingsomeoneelseforadvice.C.Takingapictureoftheoldhouse.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Advisorandclient.B.Housesellerandbuyer.C.Husbandandwife.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesJackthinkofblogging?A.Ittakesnotime.B.Itisawasteoftime.C.Itisveryuseful.14.WhydoesJackwantasmartwatch?A.Toreducephoneuse.B.Tomonitorhisexercise.C.Totreatitasabirthdaygift.15.WhatdoesMarymainlyusehersmartwatchtodo?A.Remindheroftasks.B.Recordherdailysteps.C.Communicatewithothers.16.HowoldisMarynow?A.11.B.21.C.22.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhendidHopperpaintNighthawks?A.Inthe20thcentury.B.Inthe19thcentury.C.Inthe16thcentury.18.WhichoneisthesubjectofNighthawks?A.Alonelyartist.B.Adarkstreet.C.Adiner.19.WhatdopeoplethinkinspiredHoppertopaintNighthawks?A.Avisittoaforeigncity.B.Astorybyafamousauthor.CApaintingfromancienttimes.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwishmorepeopletodo?A.Createmoreworks.B.Appreciatetheartist.C.VisittheArtInstituteofChicago.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearesomeofthebestmusicfestivalsintheUKin2025.FieldDayFieldDayisagreatplacetohavefunafterliningyourstomachwiththelatestveganfoodinthesuper-chillvillagegreenarea.ButFieldDayhasseriousmusocredittoo;it’scarefullypickedouttoincludeedgyguitarmusic,shoegaze,alternativeR&.B,smartrap,reveredDJsandeverythingelsethat’spopular.ItalsoboastsoneofthebeststagesontheUKfestivalcircuit.When:May24WildernessFestivalAstheever-magicalOxfordshireAugustgetaway,WildernessFestivalhasgotbetterandbetterovertheyears.Butthefestivalisn’tjustaboutgreatsounds.Fromoutdoortheatrestotalksanddebates,horseridingtoyurtbuilding,alakesidespatolong-tablebanquetswithleadingchefs,thisismuchmorethanamusicfestival.Booknowifyouwantin—it’salwaysasell-outaffair.When:July31-August3LatitudeFestivalThisSuffolk’sfestivalisaveryfamily-friendlyaffairandthemusicprogrammingisartfullymixedupwithcomedy,poetry,spokenword,danceandtheatre.DJsarehiddeninthewoodsforlatenightrevelry(狂歡)andthefamouscolourfulsheepwanderthesurroundingfields.Onlydownside:It’skindofremotetransport-wise,almostimpossibletogettobyanymeansotherthanSuffolk’scows.When:July24-27HoughtonFestivalThisintimatewoodlandpartyisoneoftheUK’smostpraiseworthynewfestivals,andit’seasytoseewhy.EverythingyouhearatHoughtonisbroadcastthroughthefinestsound-systems,selectedbyCraigRichards,whoorganizestheevent.RichardshandpicksakillercastofDJs,includingsomeofthebiggestandbestnamesfromhouse,techno,discoandmore.There’salsovisualartandsculpturetoengagetheeyesaswellasears.When:August7-101.WhatmakesWildernessFestivalmorethanjustamusicfestival?A.Itsremotelocation. B.Itsvarietyofactivities.C.Thefamouscolourfulsheep. D.Itsfocusonedgyguitarmusic.2.HowcanvisitorsreachLatitudeFestival?A.Onfoot. B.Byair. C.Byridingacow. D.Bywater.3.WhencanmusicloversenjoymusicselectedbyCraigRichards?A.May24. B.July24. C.August3. D.August8.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了2025年英國(guó)的一些最佳音樂(lè)節(jié)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WildernessFestival部分的“Fromoutdoortheatrestotalksanddebates,horseridingtoyurtbuilding,alakesidespatolong-tablebanquetswithleadingchefs,thisismuchmorethanamusicfestival.(從戶外劇院到講座和辯論，從騎馬到搭建蒙古包，從湖邊水療到與頂級(jí)廚師一起的長(zhǎng)桌宴會(huì)，這遠(yuǎn)不止是一個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)。)”可知，WildernessFestival有各種各樣的活動(dòng)，這使得它不僅僅是一個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LatitudeFestival部分的“Onlydownside:It’skindofremotetransport-wise,almostimpossibletogettobyanymeansotherthanSuffolk’scows.(唯一的缺點(diǎn)是：從交通方面來(lái)說(shuō)，它有點(diǎn)偏遠(yuǎn)，除了騎薩?？说哪膛Ｖ?，幾乎不可能通過(guò)其他方式到達(dá)。)”可知，游客可以通過(guò)騎奶牛到達(dá)LatitudeFestival。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HoughtonFestival部分的“EverythingyouhearatHoughtonisbroadcastthroughthefinestsound-systems,selectedbyCraigRichards,whoorganizestheevent.When:August7-10(在霍頓音樂(lè)節(jié)上，你聽(tīng)到的一切都是通過(guò)最好的音響系統(tǒng)播放的，這些音響系統(tǒng)是由組織活動(dòng)的克雷格?理查茲挑選的。舉辦時(shí)間：8月7日至10日)”可知，音樂(lè)愛(ài)好者在8月7日至10日可以欣賞到克雷格?理查茲挑選的音樂(lè)，8月8日在此期間。故選D。BThePrimaryEngineerMacRobertMedalcompetitionaskstheUKstudentsonequestion:“Ifyouwereanengineer,whatwouldyoudo?”And12-year-oldRebeccaYounghadheranswerrightaway.TheyoungScottishstudentwantedtohelpmembersofhercommunityfacinghomelessness.YoungenteredthePrimaryEngineerMacRobertMedalcompetitionasoneof70,000engineeringdesignsandwontheCommendationMedal,anawarddeterminedbypublicvote.Shealsowonasilvermedalinthemaincompetition.Younginventedasolar-poweredheatedblanketwiththegoalofhelpingunhousedpeoplekeepwarm.Youngstartedbyresearchingsleepingbagsandbackpacks,curiousastohowtheycouldbedesignedtoofferevenmorewarmth.Ofcourse,heatedblanketsdoexist,thoughtheymustbeplugged(插入)intopowersupplytofunctiontotheirfullpotential—aluxuryhomelessindividualsoftendonothave.Withassistancefromanengineeringfirm,Youngpresentedaprototype(模型)fortheheatedblanket.Thedesignisintegratedintoabackpackandpoweredbythesun,allowingforeasyon-the-gouse.Whilesimplisticinapplication,Young’sdesignisthorough.Usingtheaveragehumansleeptimeofeighthoursasarequiredruntime,sheconductedin-depthresearchonthemostsuitablebatteriesandsolarpanelstouseintheprototype.Theinventionalsoincludesacontrolcircuitthatautomaticallyalternatestheblanketbetweenon-and-offstatesbasedontemperaturereadingstoconservebatterylife.Theblanketitselfisalsodesignedsimilarlytoasleepingbagtoallowforheatretentionandtokeepuserswarmamidanyshiftsormovements.Theouterframeoftheblanket’sbackpackalsooffersmorestoragespacetotheuser.Whilecreatedwiththeintentiontosupportpeoplesleepingonthestreets,Youngalsosaidthedesigncouldbeapplicableforcamping,hiking,ortraveling.“Itfeltamazingtoseemydrawingturnintosomethingreal.Ineverthoughtthatcouldhappen.Homelessnessisabigproblemthatneedsfixing,andifyouseeahomelessperson,helpinanywayyoucan,”Youngsaid.4.WhatmotivatedYoungtoenterthecompetition?A.Towinamedal. B.Tokeephomelesspeoplewarm.C.Toimproveherengineeringskills. D.Todesignanewtypeofsleepingbags.5.WhydidYoung’sblanketneedtobesolar-powered?A.Tobemoreportable.B.Tobecheapertouse.C.Tobeusedwithoutaccesstopowersupply.D.Tobeenvironmentallyfriendly.6.Whatenablestheheatedblankettoautomaticallykeepbatterylife?A.Itssolarpanel. B.Itsstoragespace.C.Itsuniqueshape. D.Itscontrolcircuit.7.WhatcanwesayaboutYoung’sheatedblanket?A.Portableandpractical. B.Cheapbutcomplicated.C.SimpleandIneffective. D.Eco-friendlybutexpensive.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要介紹了12歲蘇格蘭學(xué)生RebeccaYoung發(fā)明太陽(yáng)能加熱毯幫助無(wú)家可歸者的故事。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheyoungScottishstudentwantedtohelpmembersofhercommunityfacinghomelessness.(這位年輕的蘇格蘭學(xué)生想要幫助她所在社區(qū)中面臨無(wú)家可歸問(wèn)題的人們)”可知，Young參加比賽的動(dòng)機(jī)是為了讓無(wú)家可歸的人保持溫暖。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ofcourse,heatedblanketsdoexist,thoughtheymustbeplugged(插入)intopowersupplytofunctiontotheirfullpotential—aluxuryhomelessindividualsoftendonothave.(當(dāng)然，加熱毯子確實(shí)存在，盡管它們必須插入電源才能充分發(fā)揮其潛力——這是無(wú)家可歸者通常沒(méi)有的奢侈品)”可知，因?yàn)闊o(wú)家可歸的人通常無(wú)法使用電源，所以Young設(shè)計(jì)太陽(yáng)能加熱毯是為了方便無(wú)家可歸者在無(wú)電力供應(yīng)的條件下使用它。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Theinventionalsoincludesacontrolcircuitthatautomaticallyalternatestheblanketbetweenon-and-offstatesbasedontemperaturereadingstoconservebatterylife.(該發(fā)明還包括一個(gè)控制電路，該電路根據(jù)溫度讀數(shù)自動(dòng)在開(kāi)關(guān)狀態(tài)之間切換毯子，以節(jié)省電池壽命)”可知，該發(fā)明還包括一個(gè)控制電路，該電路可以根據(jù)溫度讀數(shù)自動(dòng)切換太陽(yáng)能加熱毯的開(kāi)關(guān)狀態(tài)，以延長(zhǎng)電池壽命。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Ofcourse,heatedblanketsdoexist,thoughtheymustbeplugged(插入)intopowersupplytofunctiontotheirfullpotential—aluxuryhomelessindividualsoftendonothave.(當(dāng)然，加熱毯子確實(shí)存在，盡管它們必須插入電源才能充分發(fā)揮其潛力——這是無(wú)家可歸者通常沒(méi)有的奢侈品)”以及第四段“Thedesignisintegratedintoabackpackandpoweredbythesun,allowingforeasyon-the-gouse.Whilesimplisticinapplication,Young’sdesignisthorough.(該設(shè)計(jì)集成到背包中，并由太陽(yáng)供電，便于隨時(shí)使用。雖然應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單，但Young的設(shè)計(jì)很徹底)”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，Young的太陽(yáng)能加熱毯可以讓無(wú)家可歸者就地取暖。由此可知，該太陽(yáng)能加熱毯具有實(shí)用性和便攜性。故選A項(xiàng)。CEncouragingbilingualism(雙語(yǔ)能力)athomecanhavemanycognitivebenefits,whichmaybeparticularlyhelpfultokidswithautismspectrumdisorder(孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙)orASD,newresearchfromtheUniversityofMiami’sCollegeofArtsandSciencesindicates.AteamofresearchersledbyCeliaRomero,agraduatestudentinclinicalpsychology,exploredtheroleofbilingualismin112children,includingtypicallydevelopingchildrenandchildrenwithautism,betweentheagesof7to12yearsold.Overall,theyfoundthatchildrenwhospoketwoormorelanguagesoftenhadstrongerexecutive(執(zhí)行的)functioningskills.Thismeanstheyareabletocontrolimpulses(沖動(dòng))andtoswitchbetweendifferenttasksmoreeasilythanchildrenwhoonlyspokeonelanguage.Theresultsaresignificantbecauseexecutivefunctioningskillsareakeychallengeforchildrenonthespectrumbutareimportantforallkidstothriveinschoolandlaterintheworkplace.Yet,theteamfoundthebenefitsofspeakingmorethanonelanguagewerenotlimitedtochildrenwithautism.Thestudyalsolookedattheimpactofmultilingualismoncoresymptomsofautism,includingperspectivetaking,restrictedandrepetitivebehaviorsandsocialcommunication.“Wealsofoundthatmultilingualchildrenhaveenhancedperspectivetakingskills,ortheabilitytounderstandsomeoneelse’sthoughtsorpointofview,”Romerosaid.Anideacalledjointactivationfromthefieldofneurosciencecanhelpexplaintheresults.Priorresearchsuggeststhatthebilingualbrainhastwolanguagesconstantlyactiveandcompeting.Asaresult,thedailyexperienceofshiftingbetweentheselanguagesisassociatedwithenhancedexecutivecontrol.Thisconceptisalsoknownasthe“bilingualadvantage”,accordingtotheresearchers.“Ifyouhavetojuggletwolanguages,youhavetosuppressoneinordertousetheother.That’stheideathatinhibition—ortheabilitytostopyourselffromdoingsomething—mightbeenhancedbyknowingtwolanguages,”saidanotherresearcher.8.WhatbenefitdoesbilingualismbringtochildrenwithASD?A.Socialskillenhancement. B.Academicperformanceboost.C.Cognitiveabilityimprovement. D.Languagelearningacceleration.9.Whatcanwesayaboutexecutivefunctioningskills?A.Theycontributetobetterleadershipskills.B.Theyaffectchildren’sfutureworklife.C.Theydeterminechildren’slanguagelevel.D.Theyenhancechildren’sphysicalabilities.10.Whatmayhappenwhenspeakingtwolanguages?A.Learningdelay. B.Languageconfusion.C.Delayedmultitasking. D.Brainlanguagecompetition.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“juggle”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Employ. B.Switch. C.Adapt. D.Explore.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)研究表明，在家鼓勵(lì)孩子使用雙語(yǔ)對(duì)他們的認(rèn)知有很多好處，特別是對(duì)患有孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙（ASD）的孩子有幫助。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Encouragingbilingualism(雙語(yǔ)能力)athomecanhavemanycognitivebenefits,whichmaybeparticularlyhelpfultokidswithautismspectrumdisorder(孤獨(dú)癥譜系障礙)orASD,newresearchfromtheUniversityofMiami’sCollegeofArtsandSciencesindicates.(邁阿密大學(xué)藝術(shù)與科學(xué)學(xué)院的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，在家里鼓勵(lì)雙語(yǔ)可以帶來(lái)許多認(rèn)知方面的好處，這可能對(duì)患有自閉癥譜系障礙或ASD的孩子特別有幫助)”可知，在家鼓勵(lì)孩子使用雙語(yǔ)對(duì)他們的認(rèn)知有很多好處，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theresultsaresignificantbecauseexecutivefunctioningskillsareakeychallengeforchildrenonthespectrumbutareimportantforallkidstothriveinschoolandlaterintheworkplace.(這一結(jié)果意義重大，因?yàn)閳?zhí)行功能技能對(duì)自閉癥兒童來(lái)說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵挑戰(zhàn)，但對(duì)所有孩子在學(xué)校和以后的工作場(chǎng)所都很重要)”可知，執(zhí)行功能技能會(huì)影響孩子未來(lái)的工作生活。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中“Priorresearchsuggeststhatthebilingualbrainhastwolanguagesconstantlyactiveandcompeting.(先前的研究表明，雙語(yǔ)者的大腦中有兩種語(yǔ)言不斷活躍和競(jìng)爭(zhēng))”可知，雙語(yǔ)者的大腦中有兩種語(yǔ)言一直處于活躍和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的狀態(tài)，故選D?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“youhavetosuppressoneinordertousetheother(你就必須抑制其中一種語(yǔ)言，以便使用另一種語(yǔ)言)”可知，此處指如果你必須同時(shí)使用兩種語(yǔ)言，就必須抑制其中一種語(yǔ)言，以便使用另一種語(yǔ)言，juggle意為“使用”，故選A。DMcGillUniversityresearchershavediscoveredthatchangesincloudsareslightlyrelievingglobalwarming.Whilegreenhousegasescontinuetocausetemperaturestorise,areductioninlow-cloudcoveroverlandhasbroughtaboutamodestreductionoftheamountofheatbeingtrappedclosetogroundlevel.“WestartedthisresearchtoobservationallyconfirmtheincreaseofgreenhouseeffectoftheEarthatmosphere,”saidYiHuang,associateprofessorinMcGillUniversity’sDepartmentofAtmosphericandOceanicSciences.“Weindeedconfirmthat,althoughtooursurprisewealsofoundanoffsetting(抵消的)effectduetochangesinclouds.”“Withoutthesecloudchanges,thesurfacewouldwarmevenfaster,”saidLeiLiu,graduatestudentinMcGillUniversity’sDepartmentofAtmosphericandOceanicSciencesandthefirstauthorofthisstudy.“Thisworkoffersobservationaltruthabouthowcloudsaffectwarming,whichcanbeusedtoimproveclimatemodelsandguideenvironmentalpolicies,”Liuadded.Todiscoverthissurprisingeffect,theteamusedthemeasurementsofakeyradiativeinstrument,theAtmosphericEmittedRadianceInterferometer(AERI),alongwithsatellitedata,climatemodelsandatechniquecalled“optimalspectralfingerprinting”co-designedbyYiHuangandLeiLiutoisolatetheeffectsofcloudsfromotheratmosphericprocesses.Theresearchersfocusedonlongwaveradiation,theheatenergytheEarthemitsbackintotheatmosphere.Usually,cloudstrapsomeofthisheatandsenditbacktotheground.Butastheclimatewarms,therearefewerlowcloudsinsomeareas,whichmeanslessheatisreturnedtothesurface.TheDepartmentofAtmosphericandOceanicSciencesoftheuniversitylookstocontinueusingtheircriticaldataforunderstandingregionalclimatedynamicsandenhancingclimatemodelling.“Ourresearchemphasizesthevalueofprecise,long-termclimateobservations,”saidJohnGyakum,aprofessor.“ThisisessentialforunderstandingtheEarth’sresponsetoglobalwarmingandmakinginformeddecisionsforfuturegenerations.”Theresearcherscautionedthattheirdiscoverydoesnotthrowdoubtonglobalwarming.“It’slikehavingaheaterthatadjustsitselfalittle,”theresearchersexplained.“Butevenwiththisadjustment,theroomisstillheatingup.”12.Whatdoesthereductioninlow-cloudcoveroverlandleadto?A.Anincreaseinglobalwarming. B.Asignificantriseintemperature.C.Aslightdecreaseofground-levelheat. D.Acompletestopinthegreenhouseeffect.13.AccordingtoLeiLiu,whatcantheirfindingsapplyto?A.Improvingcloudcoverageglobally. B.Loweringgreenhousegasemissions.C.Forecastingshort-termweatherpatterns. D.Improvingclimatepredictionmodels.14.Whydidtheresearchersmentiontheheater?A.Tocautionthepublic. B.Toprovetheirdiscoveryusefulbutlittle.C.Topraisetheirfindings. D.Toemphasizeitsimportance.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheRoleofCloudsinRelievingGlobalWarmingB.TheImportanceofLong-termClimateObservationsC.TheImpactofGreenhouseGasesonGlobalWarmingD.TheAccuracyofClimateModelsinPredictingWarming【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了麥吉爾大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)云層變化在一定程度上緩解了全球變暖的現(xiàn)象?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whilegreenhousegasescontinuetocausetemperaturestorise,areductioninlow-cloudcoveroverlandhasbroughtaboutamodestreductionoftheamountofheatbeingtrappedclosetogroundlevel.(雖然溫室氣體繼續(xù)導(dǎo)致氣溫上升，但陸地低云覆蓋的減少使被困在地面附近的熱量略有減少)”可知，陸地低云覆蓋的減少會(huì)導(dǎo)致地面熱量的輕微減少。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Withoutthesecloudchanges,thesurfacewouldwarmevenfaster,”saidLeiLiu,graduatestudentinMcGillUniversity’sDepartmentofAtmosphericandOceanicSciencesandthefirstauthorofthisstudy.“Thisworkoffersobservationaltruthabouthowcloudsaffectwarming,whichcanbeusedtoimproveclimatemodelsandguideenvironmentalpolicies,”Liuadded.(麥吉爾大學(xué)大氣與海洋科學(xué)系的研究生、這項(xiàng)研究的第一作者LeiLiu說(shuō)：“如果沒(méi)有這些云層的變化，地表變暖的速度會(huì)更快?！薄斑@項(xiàng)工作提供了關(guān)于云如何影響變暖的觀測(cè)真相，可以用來(lái)改進(jìn)氣候模型和指導(dǎo)環(huán)境政策，”Liu補(bǔ)充說(shuō))”可知，LeiLiu認(rèn)為他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于改進(jìn)氣候預(yù)測(cè)模式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearcherscautionedthattheirdiscoverydoesnotthrowdoubtonglobalwarming.“It’slikehavingaheaterthatadjustsitselfalittle,”theresearchersexplained.“Butevenwiththisadjustment,theroomisstillheatingup.”(研究人員警告說(shuō)，他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)并不會(huì)對(duì)全球變暖產(chǎn)生懷疑。研究人員解釋說(shuō)：“這就像有一個(gè)可以自我調(diào)節(jié)的加熱器?！薄暗词棺龀隽诉@樣的調(diào)整，房間里的溫度仍在上升?！?”可知，研究人員提到加熱器是為了證明他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)有用但收效甚微。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“McGillUniversityresearchershavediscoveredthatchangesincloudsareslightlyrelievingglobalwarming.Whilegreenhousegasescontinuetocausetemperaturestorise,areductioninlow-cloudcoveroverlandhasbroughtaboutamodestreductionoftheamountofheatbeingtrappedclosetogroundlevel.(麥吉爾大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，云層的變化略微緩解了全球變暖。雖然溫室氣體繼續(xù)導(dǎo)致氣溫上升，但陸地低云覆蓋的減少使被困在地面附近的熱量略有減少)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了麥吉爾大學(xué)的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)云層變化在一定程度上緩解了全球變暖的現(xiàn)象，所以A項(xiàng)“云在緩解全球變暖中的作用”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Asthenightsdrawin,ourenergylevelswilldip,butthedemandsplaceduponusprobablywon’t.Here’showtoavoidburnout.Tickoff(給……畫(huà)上鉤)thebasics____16____Otheractivities,suchasjournaling,readingandyogahavebeenshowntolowercortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)levels.Evenawalkinthewoodscanhelp.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhoregularlygoforwalksinaforestoringreenspaceshavelowerlevelsofcortisol.____17____Thetigerisnotoutsidethecaveanymore,butwethinkitis.Modernstressessuchasdeadlinesleadtothesame“fightorflight”responseasthetiger.Learningtointroducesmallstressesandpractisesuchasexposuretocoldwaterhelpsuscontextualisethethreatandbuildtolerance.Mindfulbreathingalsohelps.Itregulatesthenervoussystem.SetboundariesandsticktothemGoodfencesmakegoodneighbors.____18____Whenwedefinewhatweneedtofeelsecureandhealthyandprotectthosepartsofourselves,wecandowondersforourwell-being.Boundariesmayincludethehoursyouwork,howmuchscreentimeyouhave,orwhenyougotobed.AvoidworkplaceswhereburnoutisnormalisedThelatestStateoftheGlobalWorkforcereportsuggeststhat40%oftheUKemployeesarestressed.____19____Watchoutforredflagsintherecruitmentprocess.Poorcommunication,ghosting,endlessroundsofinterviews,repetitivequestionsanduntrainedinterviewersarebadsigns.ShapeyourdefinitionofsuccessSuccessisaslipperyconcept.Forsome,it’sabouthavingmeaningfulrelationshipsandfulfillingexperiences;forothers,it’stiedtocareerwinsandfinancialgains.Definingwhatsuccessmeanstoyouisafirststeptowardsestablishingprioritiesinlife,enablingafocusofenergyonthethingsthatmattertoyou.____20____A.Challengeyourdefinition,too.B.Introducehealthystresstoyourlife.C.Trytoavoidanystressthatharmsyou.D.It’salsoimportanttosetboundarieswithyourself.E.Buthowdoweavoidgoingfromonetiringjobtoanother?F.Sowhatcanwedotoleaveaworkplacethatmakesustired?G.Gettingenoughsleep,eatingwellandexercisingproperlyarethefoundationsofgoodhealth.【答案】16.G17.B18.D19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了如何避免倦怠的幾種方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Tickoff(給……畫(huà)上鉤)thebasics”（勾出基本事項(xiàng)）以及后文“Otheractivities,suchasjournaling,readingandyogahavebeenshowntolowercortisol(皮質(zhì)醇)levels.”（其他活動(dòng)，如寫(xiě)日記、閱讀和瑜伽已被證明可以降低皮質(zhì)醇水平。）可知，此處應(yīng)是先講一些基本的健康生活方式。G選項(xiàng)“充足的睡眠、良好的飲食和適當(dāng)?shù)腻憻捠墙】档幕A(chǔ)。”符合語(yǔ)境，是基礎(chǔ)的健康生活方式。故選G。17題詳解】根據(jù)該段中“Learningtointroducesmallstressesandpractisesuchasexposuretocoldwaterhelpsuscontextualisethethreatandbuildtolerance.(學(xué)會(huì)引入小的壓力并進(jìn)行實(shí)踐，比如接觸冷水，有助于我們理解威脅并建立耐受性。）可知，該段主要講的是在生活中引入一些小壓力。故B選項(xiàng)“給你的生活引入健康的壓力?！鼻蓄}，為本段的小標(biāo)題。故選B?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Setboundariesandsticktothem(設(shè)定界限并堅(jiān)持下去)以及后文“Whenwedefinewhatweneedtofeelsecureandhealthyandprotectthosepartsofourselves,wecandowondersforourwell-being.(當(dāng)我們確定了讓自己感到安全和健康所需要的東西，并保護(hù)好自己的這些方面時(shí)，我們就能為自己的幸福創(chuàng)造奇跡。)”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)定界限的重要性。故D選項(xiàng)“給自己設(shè)定界限也很重要?！鼻蓄}，且與小標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Avoidworkplaceswhereburnoutisnormalised(避免在倦怠常態(tài)化的工作場(chǎng)所工作)”以及后文“Watchoutforredflagsintherecruitmentprocess.(在招聘過(guò)程中要留意危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)。)”可知，選項(xiàng)應(yīng)提到與工作相關(guān)的問(wèn)題。E選項(xiàng)“但是我們?nèi)绾伪苊鈴囊环堇廴说墓ぷ魈搅硪环堇廴说墓ぷ髂?？”切題，引出下文在招聘過(guò)程中留意危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)的內(nèi)容。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)該段小標(biāo)題“Shapeyourdefinitionofsuccess(塑造你對(duì)成功的定義)”以及前文“Definingwhatsuccessmeanstoyouisafirststeptowardsestablishingprioritiesinlife,enablingafocusofenergyonthethingsthatmattertoyou.(定義成功對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)意味著什么是在生活中確定優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)的第一步，能讓你把精力集中在對(duì)你重要的事情上。)”可知，該段圍繞對(duì)成功的定義展開(kāi)。A選項(xiàng)“也要挑戰(zhàn)你的定義?！迸c前文銜接，且符合該段主旨，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明對(duì)成功定義的思考。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。TannerAterheardaloudbangoutsidehisapartmentandrushedtoinvestigate.Hesawacarcameto____21____onitsside,flamesbeginningtoengulf(吞沒(méi))theengine.Aterwastedno____22____.Afterspottingawoman____23____help,hegrabbedhissnowgear,phone,andfireextinguisherbeforedrivinghistowtrucktothecrash____24____.Uponarrival,heputoutthe____25____andhelpedthewoman,whowasseatedontopofthe____26____vehicle,tosafety.Battlingthicksmokeandbelowzerotemperatures,Ater’sheroic____27____werefarfromover.“Igotthewifeoff,butthemainonewasthehusbandwhowasstillinsidethecar.Flameswerestartingtore-engulfthecar,”hesaid.“Iwas____28____Iwasn’tgoingtogethimoutintimebutapolicegotonscene.Withouthis____29____,Iwouldn’thavegottenhimout,”headded.Temperatureswerelowduringtherescue.“Ididn’thaveglovesonandmy____30____werealmostfrostbitten,”Aterrecalled.“Atthatpointintime,Ididn’tthinkofanythingelsetograb.Ijustwantedtogetoutthereand____31____thembecauseIsawsmokecomefromthecar,”hesaid.Bothindividualswere____32____tothehospital.Thefemalepassengerhassincebeenreleased,whilethemaledriverremainshospitalizedwithunknowninjuries.PoliceofficialshavepraisedAter’s____33____.Ater’sbraveryandquickthinkingsavedtwolivesthatday,earninghimthe____34____andgratitudeofthecommunity.Ater’sbraveryinsuch____35____conditionssetsagreatexample.Hisselflessactnotonlysavedlivesbutalsowarmedhearts.21.A.fight B.rest C.fly D.wait22.A.strength B.energy C.time D.money23.A.throwingat B.givingup C.jumpingat D.screamingfor24.A.site B.moment C.affair D.destination25.A.shadows B.flames C.lights D.impacts26.A.upgraded B.hidden C.abandoned D.overturned27.A.efforts B.plans C.ideas D.thoughts28.A.excited B.puzzled C.worried D.surprised29.A.advice B.help C.witness D.opinion30.A.ears B.feet C.arms D.hands31.A.rescue B.deliver C.send D.bring32.A.transformed B.interviewed C.transported D.invited33.A.beliefs B.words C.feelings D.actions34A.respect B.support C.friendship D.budget35.A.mild B.extreme C.unique D.moderate【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.A32.C33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了TannerAter在聽(tīng)到公寓外一聲巨響后，迅速反應(yīng)，勇敢救援一輛側(cè)翻并起火的汽車中的乘客的經(jīng)過(guò)，以及他在救援過(guò)程中所展現(xiàn)出的英勇和無(wú)私?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他看見(jiàn)一輛汽車側(cè)著身子停了下來(lái)，火焰開(kāi)始吞沒(méi)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。A.fight戰(zhàn)斗；B.rest停止；C.fly飛行；D.wait等待。根據(jù)后文“flamesbeginningtoengulf(吞沒(méi))theengine”可知，發(fā)生了車禍，所以應(yīng)是一輛汽車側(cè)著身子停了下來(lái)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Ater沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。A.strength力量；B.energy能量；C.time時(shí)間；D.money金錢。根據(jù)后文“Afterspottingawoman3help,hegrabbedhissnowgear,phone,andfireextinguisherbeforedrivinghistowtrucktothecrash4.”可知，當(dāng)Ater看到需要幫助時(shí)，他立馬去往現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，所以是沒(méi)有浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在看到一個(gè)女人尖叫著求救后，他抓起他的雪地裝備、電話和滅火器，然后開(kāi)著他的拖車去了車禍現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。A.throwingat投向；B.givingup放棄；C.jumpingat撲向；D.screamingfor為……而尖叫。根據(jù)后文“helpedthewoman,whowasseatedontopofthe6vehicle,tosafety.”可知，是這位女士發(fā)生了車禍，所以應(yīng)是尖叫著求救。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在看到一個(gè)女人尖叫著求救后，他抓起他的雪地裝備、電話和滅火器，然后開(kāi)著他的拖車去了車禍現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。A.site現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；B.moment時(shí)刻；C.affair事件；D.destination目的地。根據(jù)后文“Uponarrival”可知，Ater開(kāi)著他的拖車去了事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)后，他撲滅了火焰，并將坐在翻倒車輛頂部的那名女子救至安全地帶。A.shadows陰影；B.flames火焰；C.lights燈光；D.impacts巨大影響。根據(jù)前文“flamesbeginningtoengulf(吞沒(méi))theengine”可知，車輛著火了，所以此處是撲滅了火焰。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)后，他撲滅了火焰，并將坐在翻倒車輛頂部的那名女子救至安全地帶。A.upgraded升級(jí)的；B.hidden隱藏的；C.abandoned被拋棄的；D.overturned傾覆的。根據(jù)前文“Hesawacarcameto1onitsside”可知，車子側(cè)翻了，所以是將坐在翻倒車輛上的那名女子救至安全地帶。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在濃煙彌漫和零下低溫的環(huán)境中，Ater英勇的努力還遠(yuǎn)未結(jié)束。A.efforts努力；B.plans計(jì)劃；C.ideas想法；D.thoughts思想。根據(jù)后文“Igotthewifeoff,butthemainonewasthehusbandwhowasstillinsidethecar.Flameswerestartingtore-engulfthecar”結(jié)合前文可知，Ater撲滅火焰，把女人帶往安全地帶，但是丈夫還在出車禍的車?yán)?，所以是Ater的努力還遠(yuǎn)未結(jié)束。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我很擔(dān)心我不能及時(shí)把他救出來(lái)，但警察趕到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。沒(méi)有他的幫助，我不可能把他救出來(lái)，”他補(bǔ)充道。A.excited興奮的；B.puzzled困惑的；C.worried擔(dān)憂的；D.surprised驚訝的。根據(jù)后文“Iwasn’tgoingtogethimoutintime”可知，此處應(yīng)是擔(dān)心不能及時(shí)把他救出來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我很擔(dān)心我不能及時(shí)把他救出來(lái)，但警察趕到了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。沒(méi)有他的幫助，我不可能把他救出來(lái)，”他補(bǔ)充道。A.advice建議；B.help幫助；C.witness見(jiàn)證；D.opinion觀點(diǎn)。根