中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件閱讀技巧

寫作手法題【解讀】要求學(xué)生通過閱讀全文、分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)及內(nèi)容、理解文章的語言特點和信息組織方式，從而推測文章的寫作手法及行文方式。此類型的題目包括：寫作技巧題、寫作邏輯概括題、行文方式題等。1.常見設(shè)問形式的題干主要有：(1)Howdoesthewriterdevelop/describe/explainthetopicof…？(2)Howdoesthewriterbeginthetext？(3)Whatwritingskillsdoesthewriterusein…？(4)Thewriterorganizesthepassageaccordingto

.

(5)Atthebeginningofthepassage，thewriterintroduces/leadsinthetopicby

.

2.常見的寫作手法：形式bylistingnumbers

列數(shù)字bytellingstories

講故事bygivingexamples 舉例子bycomparingfacts

作比較bydescribingpictures 描述圖片byraising/askingaquestion

提問題bymakingadefinition

下定義byanalyzingcauses

分析原因bylistingreasons

列原因byexplainingfacts

講事實byshowingdifferences 展示不同點3.通過提示詞找到對應(yīng)的寫作手法：(1)forexample，forinstance

bygivingexamples通過舉例(2)asaresult，asaconsequence

byanalyzingcauses通過分析原因(3)thatistosay

bygivingdefinitions通過下定義(4)xxpercent具體數(shù)字bylistingdata/numbers通過列數(shù)字

(5)first，second，third，finally

bydescribingaprocess通過描述過程(6)in1920，inthe1940s，nowadays

byfollowingtimeorder遵循時間順序(7)but，while

bymakingcomparisons/contrast通過對比8)first，next，then；type；first，second

bymakingclassifications通過分類(9)Thatisbecause…

byanalyzingcauseandeffect通過分析因果(10)由近及遠(yuǎn)，由外到內(nèi)

byfollowingspaceorder遵循空間順序?qū)c訓(xùn)練

Astimepasses，ithasbeenmadeintodifferentsizeswithcolourfulpaintings.Onscreensusuallyappearsadragon.It’sasymboloflight，growthandlife-givingwater.Italsostandsfornobility(高尚)andpower.Thepeacock，abeautifulbird，canbeseenonscreens，too.It’sasymbolofeverlastinglife.Beautifulflowers，whichmeanwealthandgoodluck，arealsochosenasapopulardesignofthepingfeng.Allthedesignscarrypeople’sbeautifulwishes.(

)Howdoesthewriterdevelophisideainthepassage？A.Bytellingastory.

B.Bygivingexamples.C.Bycomparingdifferences. D.Byexplainingtheresult.

B

文章結(jié)構(gòu)題【解讀】考查學(xué)生對篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的把握能力和邏輯分析能力。這類練習(xí)一般與思維導(dǎo)圖結(jié)合，能培養(yǎng)同學(xué)們借助導(dǎo)圖分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的習(xí)慣。1.常見設(shè)問形式的題干主要有：(1)Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage？(2)What’sthestructureofthepassage？(3)Howisthispassageorganized？(P=Paragraph)2.常見的答案選項：

(1)總—分—總結(jié)構(gòu)，①是總述，②③④⑤是分述(并列關(guān)系)，⑥是總述。

(2)總—分—總結(jié)構(gòu)，①②是并列總述，②包含了③④⑤，⑥是總述。

(3)總—分結(jié)構(gòu)，①是總述，②③④⑤⑥是分述(并列關(guān)系)。

(4)分—總結(jié)構(gòu)，①②③④⑤是分述(并列關(guān)系)，⑥是總述。3.常見文章結(jié)構(gòu)類型(1)描述類(description)(2)因果關(guān)系類(cause&effect)(3)問題方案類(problem&solution)(4)對比與比較(compare&contrast)(5)流程類(process)

其解題步驟如下：1.分析答案結(jié)構(gòu)→排除首先分析答案結(jié)構(gòu)(總—分—總，總—分，分—總)，進(jìn)行第一次的答案排除。認(rèn)真閱讀每一段的段首句，或?qū)ふ抑行木浠蚩傤I(lǐng)全文的句子，這類句子一般在每段的開頭或結(jié)尾，再尋找段內(nèi)的關(guān)鍵詞，理順段落的總體關(guān)系。2.觀察答案差異→找原文觀察剩余答案的結(jié)構(gòu)差異，縮小答案在文章中的出現(xiàn)范圍。在原文中查看段落首句尋找關(guān)鍵邏輯詞(如段落間出現(xiàn)also和besides，說明段落間是并列關(guān)系，否則可能是包含關(guān)系)，確定段落之間的關(guān)系，從而做出正確的選擇。There’snothingquitelikefallingsoundasleepafterafulldayofwork.Likepeople，animalsneedtorestafterworkinghard.Someanimalssleepinwater.Othersdigholesundertheground.Someevensleephighintreesorunderleaves.Buttheyallfindawaytorest.Someanimalsintheseasleepinstrangeways.Fishsleepwiththeireyesopen.Theyseemtolookaheadfarintotheseawhiletheyrest.Seaotters(海獺)sometimessleepinbedsoftheplantsthatgrowinthesea.Thiskeepsthemfrommovingaway.Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubble(氣泡)willbeformedaroundthem.Thebubbleprotectsthemfromharmwhiletheysleep.Someanimalssleepundertheground.Chipmunks(花栗鼠)sleepcurledup(蜷縮)inaball.Theirbedsaremadeofleavesandgrass.Inwinter，theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.Thentheygobacktosleepforanothertwoweeksbeforewakingupagain.Somedesertfrogsdigundergroundholesduringthehot，dryseason.Afrogmaystayinitsholeformonths.Highabovetheground，monkeysfindleafyplacesintreeseacheveningbeforetheysleep.Thetalltreeshelptokeepmonkeyssafeduringthenight.Someinsectsevensleepundertheleavesthatwillbetheirnextmeal.Abeemayclimbdownintoaflowertorest.Whenitclimbsoutthenextmorning，itisrestedandreadyforwork.A B C D

(

)Whatisthestructureofthepassage？

(P—Paragraph)

A

觀點態(tài)度題【解讀】理解作者的觀點和態(tài)度題：既考查學(xué)生對字面意思的理解，也考查學(xué)生對作者寫作目的、態(tài)度、觀點等的理解。正確理解作者的寫作意圖、所持的觀點及闡述文章主題時的語氣或他對所論述對象的態(tài)度。1.題干的常見設(shè)問形式主要有：(1)What’stheauthor’sattitudetowards…？肯定：positive，supportive，agree，optimistic，helpful，concerned，confident，impressive…否定：negative，disagree，critical，doubtful…中立：objective，uncertain…(2)Howdidthewriterfeelabout…？happy，sad，angry，lonely(3)Accordingtosb./Inone’sopinion，attitude，feel，agree，view…(4)Sb.hold(s)/argue(s)/contend(s)…that….對點訓(xùn)練

It’scertainlyanexcitingtimeforelectricflying.WithcompanieslikeHarbourAirtakingthelead，battery-poweredplanes，especiallyonshort-hauljourneys，aresettobecomearealityinthenextfewyears.(

)Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefutureofelectricflying？A.Doubtful. B.Negative. C.Optimistic. D.Skeptical.

C

推斷文章后續(xù)發(fā)展題【解讀】考查學(xué)生基于文章內(nèi)容推測文章結(jié)尾的能力。同學(xué)們需要了解篇章內(nèi)容、了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu)后才能選出正確答案。此類型的題目包括：內(nèi)容還原題、想象推測題等。1.常見設(shè)問形式的題干主要有：(1)Inthenextpart，theauthorwouldmostprobablydiscuss

.

(2)Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows？(3)Whatisthepossibleendingtothe…？(4)Whatw