Python日期時(shí)間處理庫dateutil詳解

第Python日期時(shí)間處理庫dateutil詳解目錄簡(jiǎn)介安裝初試日期比較相對(duì)時(shí)間參考文獻(xiàn)

簡(jiǎn)介

dateutil為Python標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫datetime提供了強(qiáng)大的擴(kuò)展

功能：

相對(duì)時(shí)間，如下周一、下個(gè)月、明年兩個(gè)日期間的差靈活日期解析。使用iCalendar規(guī)范的超集，支持RFC字符串解析幾乎所有字符串格式的日期解析實(shí)現(xiàn)各種各樣格式文件最新世界時(shí)區(qū)信息計(jì)算任何給定年份的復(fù)活節(jié)星期日日期全面的測(cè)試套件

安裝

pipinstallpython-dateutil

初試

fromdateutil.parserimportparse

fromdateutil.easterimporteaster

fromdateutil.rruleimportrrule,YEARLY,FR

fromdateutil.relativedeltaimportrelativedelta

now=parse('May2013:14:00UTC2025')#UTC為世界統(tǒng)一時(shí)間

today=now.date()#轉(zhuǎn)換為日期

year=rrule(YEARLY,dtstart=now,bymonth=8,bymonthday=13,byweekday=FR)[0].year

rdelta=relativedelta(easter(year),today)

print('這一天是:{}'.format(today))

print('下一個(gè)8.13為周五在{}年'.format(year))

print('那一年的復(fù)活節(jié)離現(xiàn)在有多遠(yuǎn):{}'.format(rdelta))

print('那一年的復(fù)活節(jié)日期:{}'.format(today+rdelta))

#今天是:2025-05-20

#下一個(gè)8.13為周五在2025年

#那一年的復(fù)活節(jié)離現(xiàn)在有多遠(yuǎn):relativedelta(months=+10,days=+15)

#那一年的復(fù)活節(jié)日期:2025-04-04

日期比較

fromdateutil.parserimportparse

print(parse('2025-09-06')parse('2025-09-05'))#True

print(parse('2025-09-0610:00:00')parse('2025-09-0500:00:00'))#True

相對(duì)時(shí)間

使用dateutil.relativedelta類初始化設(shè)置的參數(shù)，并進(jìn)行+操作

相對(duì)時(shí)間：years,months,days等，帶s結(jié)尾

絕對(duì)時(shí)間：year,month,day等

importcalendar

fromdatetimeimportdate,datetime

fromdateutil.relativedeltaimport*

NOW=datetime.now()

TODAY=date.today()

print('現(xiàn)在時(shí)間',NOW)

print('今天日期',TODAY)

print('下個(gè)月',NOW+relativedelta(months=+1))#注意參數(shù)有s

print('下個(gè)月再加一周',NOW+relativedelta(months=+1,weeks=+1))

print('下個(gè)月再加一周的早上10點(diǎn)',TODAY+relativedelta(months=+1,weeks=+1,hour=10))#注意用的是日期，且hour沒s

print('一年前一個(gè)月',NOW+relativedelta(years=+1,months=-1))

print('下周五',TODAY+relativedelta(weekday=FR))

print('下周五',TODAY+relativedelta(weekday=calendar.FRIDAY))

print('下周三',TODAY+relativedelta(weekday=WE(+1)))#如果今天為周三則返回今天

print('下周三',TODAY+relativedelta(days=+1,weekday=WE(+1)))#即使今天周三也返回下周三

print('這個(gè)月最后的周五',TODAY+relativedelta(day=31,weekday=FR(-1)))

print('距離下個(gè)世紀(jì)還有',relativedelta(datetime(2100,1,1),TODAY))#作差

print('2025年母親節(jié)',datetime(2025,5,1)+relativedelta(weekday=SU(+2)))#公歷5月第2個(gè)周日是母親節(jié)

print('XerCis幾歲了',relativedelta(NOW,datetime(1997,6,19,12,0)))

print('今年第260天的日期',date(2025,1,1)+relativedelta(yearday=260))

處理不同天數(shù)的月份永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)跨越月的邊界，年同理

fromdatetimeimportdate

fromdateutil.relativedeltaimportrelativedelta

#處理不同天數(shù)的月份永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)跨越月的邊界

print(date(2003,1,27)+relativedelta(months=+1))#2003-02-27

print(date(2003,1,31)+relativedelta(months=+1))#2003-02-28

print(date(2003,1,31)+relativedelta(months=+2))#2003-03-31

#年同理

print(date(2000,2,28)+relativedelta(years=+1))#2001-02-28

print(date(2000,2,29)+relativedelta(years=+1))#2001-02-28

解析日期時(shí)間

fromdateutilimportparser

d=parser.isoparse('2025-06-10T15:10:30+08:00')

prin