利用Matlab繪制地圖的超詳細(xì)教程

第利用Matlab繪制地圖的超詳細(xì)教程cmapsea=[20,49,127;30,69,128;33,118,155;144,213,220]./255;

cmapland=[10,133,102;197,226,102]./255;

demcmap(korea5c,32,cmapsea,cmapland)

線路圖繪制

以美國馬薩諸塞州康科德道路道路為例

roads=shaperead('concord_roads.shp');

lineStyle=makesymbolspec('Line',...

{'CLASS',[13],'LineStyle',':'},...

{'CLASS',[46],'LineStyle','-.'});

mapshow(roads,'SymbolSpec',lineStyle);

各種路徑一共有六類，不但可以為不同設(shè)置線性，還可以設(shè)置顏色，粗細(xì)等各種信息：

roads=shaperead('concord_roads.shp');

line"Line",...

{'CLASS',2,'Color','#A2142F'},...

{'CLASS',3,'Color','#77AC30'},...

{'CLASS',6,'Color','#0072BD'},...

{'Default','Color','k'});

mapshow(roads,'SymbolSpec',lineStyle);

roads=shaperead('concord_roads.shp');

line"Line",...

{'CLASS',[13],'LineStyle',':','LineWidth',2},...

{'CLASS',[46],'LineStyle','-.','LineWidth',0.25});

mapshow(roads,'SymbolSpec',lineStyle);

usamap

usamap("conus");

states=shaperead("usastatelo.shp",'UseGeoCoords',true);

%倆州離太遠(yuǎn)畫不開，不要

fori=length(states):-1:1

ifstates(i).Name=="Alaska"||states(i).Name=="Hawaii"

states(i)=[];

faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1numel(states)],'FaceColor',...

polcmap(numel(states))});

geoshow(states,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)

再換個(gè)顏色叭

usamap("conus");

states=shaperead("usastatelo.shp",'UseGeoCoords',true);

%倆州離太遠(yuǎn)畫不開，不要

fori=length(states):-1:1

ifstates(i).Name=="Alaska"||states(i).Name=="Hawaii"

states(i)=[];

%插值定義顏色

C=[222,238,209;126,190,174;144,213,220;

33,118,155;30,69,128;20,49,127]./255;

C1(:,1)=interp1(0:5,C(:,1),linspace(0,5,numel(states)),'linear')';

C1(:,2)=interp1(0:5,C(:,2),linspace(0,5,numel(states)),'linear')';

C1(:,3)=interp1(0:5,C(:,3),linspace(0,5,numel(states)),'linear')';

faceColors=makesymbolspec('Polygon',{'INDEX',[1numel(states)],'FaceColor',C1});

geoshow(states,'DisplayType','polygon','SymbolSpec',faceColors)

axesm

創(chuàng)建一個(gè)robinson樣式，帶框的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū)域：

axesm('MapProjection','robinson','Frame','on')

創(chuàng)建好的axesm可以通過setm修改樣式：

axesm('MapProjection','robinson','Frame','on')

setm(gca,'FLineWidth',3,'Grid','on')

展示一下所有類型的地圖：

mapType={'balthsrt','behrmann','bsam','braun','cassinistd','cassini','ccylin','eqacylin','eqdcylin','giso','gortho','gstereo','lambcyln',...

'mercator','miller','pcarree','tranmerc','trystan','utm','wetch','apianus','collig','craster','eckert1','eckert2','eckert3','eckert4',...

'eckert5','eckert6','flatplrp','flatplrq','flatplrs','fournier','goode','hatano','kavrsky5','kavrsky6','loximuth','modsine','mollweid',...

'putnins5','quartic','robinson','sinusoid','wagner4','winkel','eqaconicstd','eqaconic','eqdconicstd','eqdconic','lambertstd','lambert',...

'murdoch1','murdoch3','polyconstd','polycon','vgrint1','bonne','werner','breusing','eqaazim','eqdazim','globe','gnomonic','ortho',...

'stereo','ups','vperspec','wiechel','aitoff','bries','hammer'};

fori=1:72

subplot(9,8,i)

axesm('MapProjection',mapType{i},'Frame','on','FLineWidth',3,'Grid','on')

tightmap

展示一些網(wǎng)格設(shè)置：

%某些視角下的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū)

axesm('MapProjection','ortho','Frame','on',...

'grid','on','Origin',[40,40,14])

MLineLimit是經(jīng)線的緯度范圍，MLineException是不受經(jīng)線長度范圍影響的經(jīng)線，通過設(shè)置這兩個(gè)參數(shù)可以不讓所有經(jīng)線都匯集到極地以顯的雜亂。

%某些視角下的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū),經(jīng)線的緯度范圍[-7575]

axesm('MapProjection','ortho','Frame','on',...

'grid','on','Origin',[40,40,14],...

'MLineLimit',[-7575])

%某些視角下的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū),其他經(jīng)線的緯度范圍[-7575],四條經(jīng)線繪制完全

axesm('MapProjection','ortho','Frame','on',...

'grid','on','Origin',[40,40,14],...

'MLineLimit',[-7575],...

'MLineException',[-90,0,90,180])

與之相對應(yīng)的還有PLineLimit、PLineException

%某些視角下的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū)

axesm('MapProjection','ortho','Frame','on',...

'grid','on','Origin',[40,40,14],...

'PLineLimit',[-7575])

更多詳細(xì)信息可以去這里查看：TheMapGrid-MATLABSimulink-MathWorks中國

來個(gè)用axesm繪圖的實(shí)例：

%某些視角下的地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū),其他經(jīng)線的緯度范圍[-7575],四條經(jīng)線繪制完全

axesm('MapProjection','ortho','Frame','on',...

'grid','on','Origin',[40,40,14],...

'MLineLimit',[-7575],...

'MLineException',[-90,0,90,180])

%導(dǎo)入海岸線數(shù)據(jù)

loadcoastlines

%繪制海岸線

plotm(coastlat,coastlon)

一些地圖繪制可用簡易函數(shù)

subplot

首先值得一提的是subplot函數(shù)依舊適用：

例如：

loadkorea5c

subplot(1,2,1)

worldmap('China')

antarctica=shaperead('landareas.shp','UseGeoCoords',true,...

'Selector',{@(name)strcmp(name,'AfricaandEurasia'),'Name'});

patchm(antarctica.Lat,antarctica.Lon,[0.50.70.5])

subplot(1,2,2)

worldmap('Europe')

antarctica=shaperead('landareas.shp','UseGeoCoords',true,...

'Selector',{@(name)strcmp(name,'AfricaandEurasia'),'Name'});

patchm(antarctica.Lat,antarctica.Lon,[0.50.70.5])

tightmap

取消圖像的白邊，非常好用

subplot(1,2,1)

axesm('MapProjection','robinson','Frame','on','Grid','on')

subplot(1,2,2)

axesm('MapProjection','robinson','Frame','on','Grid','on')

tightmap

邊框標(biāo)簽網(wǎng)格快速開關(guān)函數(shù)

邊框，網(wǎng)格，經(jīng)線標(biāo)簽，緯線標(biāo)簽快速設(shè)置，類似holdon\gridon：

framemon

gridmon

mlabelon

plabelon

framemoff

gridmoff

mlabelofff

plabeloff

colormap

還可以設(shè)置其他自帶顏色

%大地水準(zhǔn)面高度數(shù)據(jù)及海岸線數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入

loadgeoid60c.mat

loadcoastlines

subplot(1,2,1)

%創(chuàng)建某經(jīng)緯度范圍世界地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū)域

latlim=[-5050];

lonlim=[160-30];

ax1=worldmap(latlim,lonlim);

%繪制圖像

geoshow(geoid60c,geoid60cR,'DisplayType','surface')

colormap(ax1,summer)

geoshow(coastlat,coastlon,'Color','k')

subplot(1,2,2)

%創(chuàng)建某經(jīng)緯度范圍世界地圖坐標(biāo)區(qū)域

latlim=[-5050];

lonlim=[160-30];

ax2=worldmap(latlim,lonlim);

%繪制圖像

geoshow(geoid60c,geoid60cR,'DisplayType','surface')

col