四川省內(nèi)江市某中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高二年級下冊期中考試英語試題

英語

注意事項(xiàng):1.本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第n卷（非選擇題）兩部分；

2.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置；

3.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無效。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分1.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最

佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題

和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.WhatdoesthemanthinkofFlora?

A.Lovely.B.Beautiful.C.Scary.

2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Crossingthestreet.C.Ridingabus.

3.Whywasthemanlate?

A.Hewasill.B.Hehadapoormemory.C.Hewasn'tinformed.

4.WhatdoesthewomanadviseJacktodo?

A.Learntoshare.B.ApologizetoWillie.C.Askforhelp.

5.Whenwillthewomanarriveattheofficetomorrow?

A.At10:00a.m.B.At9:00a.m.C.At9:30a.m.

第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個

選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個

小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

6.Howwillthemancelebratehisbirthday?

A.He'llgooutforameal.

B.He'llhaveaparty.

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C.He'llplayputergames.

7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.

聽下面一段對話，回答第8至第10題。

8.Whathappenedtothewoman'ssweater?

A.Itbecamedirty.B.Itbecamepink.C.Itbecamesmaller.

9.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?

A.Tothrowawaythelabel.

B.Tofollowtheinstructions.

C.ToseparatesweatersfromTshirts.

10.Whydidtheclothessmellbad?

A.Themanforgottowashthem.

B.Themandidn'tusewashingpowder.

C.Themandrycleanedthemimproperly.

聽下面一段對話，回答第11至第13題。

11.WheredidthemanlearnaboutMarkBrown?

A.FromTV.B.Fromtheradio.C.Fromthe

newspaper.

12.WhatwasMarkBrownpraisedfor?

A.Savingpeoplefromtheflood.

B.Raisingawarenessoftheflood.

C.Donatingmoneytofloodvictims.

13.WhydidthewomanwanttowriteMr.Brownaletter?

A.Toaskhimformorehelp.

B.Toexpressheradmiration.

C.Toknowmoreabouthislife.

聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第16題。

14.WhereistheGrandHotel?

A.Atthefirstcrossing.B.Oppositethepostoffice.C.NexttotheCentralBank.

15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofuphillwalk?

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A.Ifsdifficult.B.It'sinteresting.C.It'seasy.

16.HowwillthewomanprobablygototheGrandHotel?

A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bytaxi.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第17至第20題。

17.Wherewillthedonatedmoneygo?

A.Totheartdepartment.B.Tothesportsteams.C.Totheputerlab.

18.Howlongdoesthebookfairlastthisweek?

A.Twodays.B.Threedays.C.Fourdays.

19.Whoseclassishostingabakesale?

A.Mr.Gogh's.B.Mr.Black's.C.Mr.Smith's.

20.Whoistheannouncementintendedfor?

A.Parents.B.Students.C.Teachers.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

ALanguageProgramforTeenagers

WeletoTeenagersAbroad!Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.

OurCourses

Regardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you'lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.Our

StandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteaching

inall4skillareas-speaking,listening,readingandwriting.

OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthe

fastestpossiblelanguagelearning.

Evaluation

Studentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonline

languagetestbeforestartingtheirprogram.However,ifthisisnotavailable,studentssittheexamonthefirst

Mondayoftheircourse.

ArrivalsandTransfer

Ourprogramoffersthefullpackage-studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.

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Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiracmodationinfort.Werequirethe

student5sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.

Meals/Allergies（過敏）/SpecialDietaryRequirements

Studentsareprovidedwithbreakfast,dinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunchwhichincludesasandwich,a

drinkandadessert.Weaskthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformation

aboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,extramoneymaybe

neededforprovidingspecialfood.

1.HowdoesIntensiveCoursedifferfromStandardCourse?

A.Itislesseffective.B.Itfocusesonspeaking.

C.Itincludesextralessons.D.Itgivesyouconfidence.

2.Beforestartingtheirprogram,studentsareexpectedto.

A.takealanguagetestB.haveanonlineinterview

C.preparelearningmaterialsD.reporttheirlanguagelevels

3.Withthefullpackagetheprogramorganizerissupposedto.

A.informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetails

B.lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogram

C.offerstudentsfreesightseeingtrips

D.collectstudents5luggageinadvance

【答案】l.C2.A3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了青少年海外語言課程。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsper

week,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning.（我們的強(qiáng)化課程在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)課程基礎(chǔ)上每周增設(shè)10課時,

確保語言學(xué)習(xí)效率最大化。）”可知，相比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)課程，強(qiáng)化課程包含每周增加的10節(jié)課。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheir

program.（他們中的大多數(shù)需在課程開始前參加在線語言測試。）”可知，在課程開始前，學(xué)生需要參加語言

測試。故選A。

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【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段uOurprogramoffersthefullpackage一studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestart

throughtotheveryend.（本項(xiàng)目提供全流程無憂服務(wù)一一學(xué)員從抵達(dá)伊始到課程結(jié)束都將得到悉心照料。）”

可知，選擇全包服務(wù)時，項(xiàng)目組織方應(yīng)當(dāng)全程照顧學(xué)生。故選B。

B

AtSeattle9sGarfieldHighSchool,adozen（十多個）basketballplayersarepracticing.Theseguystakethe

gameseriouslyatthisschool.AhalfdozencoacheskeepeveryonefocusedasGarfieldpreparesforaSaturday

playoffgame.InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield'sgreatestplayer.

Royistheheadcoach.

Badkneesforcedhimoutofprobasketballwellbeforehistime.FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,

hebegancoachingatSeattle?sNathanHaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastate

championship.Hemovedtohisalmamater（母校）thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeaten

team."ReallythethingthatbroughtmetocoachingwasImissedbasketball,9,Roysaid.

Aftertaking2019offfromcoachingtodealwithpersonalissues,Royreturnedandhashisteampointedat

stateagain.Heownsa785coachingrecord.

Withhissuccess,othersfrequentlydiscusswhetherRoywantstomoveuptheranksashedidasaplayer."My

ultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationatmyalmamater.Idon'tfeel

challengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthislevel.

Aspracticeestoaclose,Roygathershisplayersaroundhimandhiscoachesandtheytalkaboutthegame

ahead.Beforeeveryoneheadshome,hehasthemshakehands.Playersandplayers.Coachesandplayers.Ifsa

showofrespectandtogetherness.

Mostly,hejustlistenedtohismotherandfollowedherinsightfuldirectiontobeeatopflightcoach.uMy

momgavemethebestadvice-shesaidkeepyourego（自我）outofit,“Roysaid.6<ShetoldmetoforgetwhatI

hadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI'dbeprettygoodatit.”

4.WhydoesBrandonRoyshowupatcourt?

A.Toprepareforagameasaplayer.B.Tocoachastudentbasketballteam.

C.Tolookforfuturebasketballplayers.D.ToselectformerNBAplayersasassistants.

5.WhathappenedtoBrandonRoyin2018?

A.Hewasbadlyinjured.B.Hewasforcedtoretire.

C.Heledateamtosuccess.D.Hegaveuphisbasketballcareer.

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6.WhatisBrandonRoy'sfinalgoal?

A.GoingbacktotheNBAasaprofessionalplayer.

B.BeingaprofessionalcoachinanNBAteam.

C.Improvingthebasketballlevelofhisalmamater9steam.

D.Beingthegreatestbasketballplayerofhisalmamater.

7.WhatlessondidBrandonRoy'smothergivehim?

A.Trytotrustothers.B.Learnfromthebest.

C.Don'tbeetooproud.D.Nevergiveupondreams.

【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。因傷退役的NBA球星BrandonRoy完成了從明星球員到明星教練的完美蛻

變。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"InthemiddleofallthisisBrandonRoy,theformerNBAAllStarandGarfield's

greatestplayer.Royistheheadcoach.（在這一切的中間是布蘭登羅伊,前NBA全明星和Garfield最偉大的球

員。羅伊是主教練）”可知，BrandonRoy作為主教練在球場上指導(dǎo)球員訓(xùn)練。故選B。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段**FouryearsafterhisforcedNBAretirement,hebegancoachingatSeattle'sNathan

HaleHighSchoolin2017withnobackgroundwhatsoeverandwonastatechampionship.Hemovedtohisalma

mater（母校）thefollowingyearandgotanotherstatetitlewithaoncebeatenteam.（在被迫退役四年后，他于2017

年開始在西雅圖內(nèi)森黑爾高中執(zhí)教，沒有任何背景，并贏得了州冠軍。第二年，他搬到了母校，帶領(lǐng)一支

曾經(jīng)被擊敗的球隊(duì)再次獲得州冠軍）”可知，BrandonRoy在2018年的時候帶領(lǐng)母校球隊(duì)拿到了州冠軍。故

選C。

【6題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“MyultimategoalisnottocoachintheNBAbuttobuildarealstrongfoundationat

myalmamater.Idon'tfeelchallengedtomakeittothenextlevel.Ifeelchallengedrightheretomakeitatthis

level.（我的最終目標(biāo)不是在NBA當(dāng)教練，而是在母校打好堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。我不覺得要進(jìn)入下一個階段有什么

挑戰(zhàn)。我覺得在這里達(dá)到這個水平是一種挑戰(zhàn)）”可知，BrandonRoy最終的目標(biāo)是提高母?；@球隊(duì)的水平。

故選C。

【7題詳解】

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推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“"Mymomgavemethebestadvice一shesaidkeepyourego（自我）outofit,"Roy

said."ShetoldmetoforgetwhatIhadachievedintheNBAandbedowntoearth.ShetrustedthatI'dbepretty

goodatit."（“我媽媽給了我最好的建議一一她說不要自負(fù)，”羅伊說。“她告訴我要忘記我在NBA取得的成

就，要腳踏實(shí)地。她相信我會做得很好?？芍?，BrandonRoy的母親告訴他不要自傲，要忘記過去取得

的成就，時刻保持謙遜，腳踏實(shí)地。故選C。

C

Acharmingthreestoryhomesitsatthecornerof10thandCenterstreetsontheGeorgiaInstiuteof

Technology（GeorginTech）campusinAtlanta.Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,

GeorgiaTechresearchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesafer

andsmarter-forolderadults.

Thehouseisactuallyalivinglab,calledtheAwareHome,andresearchconductedtherehasrevealed（顯示）

manytophomerelatedconcernsamongolderadults——unattendedcooking,waterleftrunning,TVslefton...and

doorsleftunlocked.

Now,someinhometechnologiesareindevelopment-oronthemarket-toaddressthoseconcerns.

OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove（爐具）toasensorinyourhomeandasmartphoneapp.

Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveoffifitnolongerdetectsmovementaroundtheapplianceaftera

certainperiodoftime.Youcanalsoturnthestoveoffusingyoursmartphone.

Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,accordingtoElizabethMynatt,a

professoratGeorgiaTech."Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,yourroutines,when

you'remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects（方面）ofyourhealththatneedthemost

attention,9,shesaid.

Withanytechnology,""mostpeopleaskthatquestion'Howinvasive（侵?jǐn)_的）isit?'.Butwhatwehearfrom

olderadultsisthattheyvaluethesecurityandthesafetythatthetechnologyprovidesforthem,^^Mynattsaid.

75yearoldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadytobringtechnologyintotheir

homes."Peoplehavethemisguidedimpressionthatseniorsareopposedtotechnology.^^saidBolet."Wedo

understandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswillmakethingseasier.Beingindependentis

mostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.^^

8.WhatistheAwareHome?

AAsmarthouse.B.Aresearchlab.

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C.Anursinghome.D.Asciencemuseum.

9.WhatwillInirvReactdowhenitsensesnomovementaroundastoveforlong?

A.Turnthestoveoffdirectly.

B.Giveoutawarningsound.

C.Activateasensorinthehouse.

D.Sendamessagetoaconnectedphone.

10.WhatwillfuturesmarthomedevicesbelikeaccordingtoMynatt?

A.Theywillprovidemedicaladvice.

B.Theywillbemorelikecaregivers.

C.Theywillbeemorepersonalized.

D.Theywillreplacecaregiversinmostcase.

11.WhatdidAtbertBoletsayaboutmostseniors?

A.Theyarewillingtousesmarthomedevices.

B.Theyfindithardtokeepupwithnewtechnology.

C.Theypreferasimplelifewithouttechnology.

D.TheyarebeingmoredependentontheInternet.

【答案】8.B9,A10.C11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。在亞特蘭大佐治亞理工學(xué)院，研究人員正在測試和開發(fā)一種先進(jìn)的設(shè)備，以確

定哪種設(shè)備可以讓老年人的家更安全、更智能。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Fromtheoutside,itappearsjustlikeanyotherhome,butinside,GeorgiaTech

researchersaretestinganddevelopingadvanceddevicestodeterminewhichcanmakethehomesaferandsmarter

一forolderadults”從外表上看，它看起來和其他任何家庭一樣，但在內(nèi)部，佐治亞理工大學(xué)的研究人員正

在測試和開發(fā)先進(jìn)的設(shè)備，以確定哪種設(shè)備可以讓老年人的家更安全、更智能）”以及第二段“Thehouseis

actuallyalivinglab,calledtheAwareHome（這所房子實(shí)際上是一個生活實(shí)驗(yàn)室，名為AwareHome）"可知，

AwareHome是一個研究實(shí)驗(yàn)室，故選B項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段"OnenewdevicecalledInirvReactconnectsyourstove（爐具）toasensorinyour

homeandasmartphoneapp.Thesensorwillautomaticallyturnthestoveoffifitnolongerdetectsmovement

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aroundtheapplianceafteracertainperiodoftime.（一種名為InirvReact的新設(shè)備連接您的爐灶連接到家中的

傳感器和智能應(yīng)用程序。如果傳感器在一段時間后不再檢測到電器周圍的移動，它將自動關(guān)閉爐子）”

可知，當(dāng)InirvReact長時間感覺不到爐子周圍有任何東西移動時，它會直接關(guān)閉爐子，故選A項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Devicesofthefutureareexpectedtocollectandusedatetobeesmarter,according

toElizabethMynatt,aprofessoratGeorgiaTech."Theywilllearnmoreaboutyourhabits,yourlikes,yourdislikes,

yourroutines,whenyou9remostlikelytoforgettotakeyourmedicine,whataretheaspects（方面）ofyourhealth

thatneedthemostattention,"（佐治亞理工大學(xué)教授ElizabethMynatt表示，未來的設(shè)備有望收集和使用數(shù)據(jù)，

使其變得更智能?！八麄儠嗟亓私饽愕牧?xí)慣，你的好惡，你的日常生活，你最有可能忘記服藥的時候，

你的健康最需要關(guān)注的方面是什么?？赏评沓?，未來的智能家居設(shè)備將會變得更加個性化，故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段^75—year-oldAlbertBoletofAtlantathinksmostolderadultsaretypicallyreadyto

bringtechnologyintotheirhomes.（亞特蘭大75歲的AlbertBolet認(rèn)為，大多數(shù)老年人通常已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好將技術(shù)

帶入他們的家中。）”以及"Wedounderstandwirelesstechnology,andweunderstandhowthesethingswill

makethingseasier.Beingindependentismostimportantinthemindofanybodythatgetstobeourageorolder.（我

們確實(shí)了解無線技術(shù)，我們知道這些東西會讓事情變得更容易。在任何與我們同齡或年長的人心中，獨(dú)立

是最重要的。）”可推理出，AtbertBolet認(rèn)為大部分老年人愿意使用智能家居設(shè)備，故選A項(xiàng)。

D

Ahoneybee'slifedependsonitsuccessfullyharvestingfromflowerstomakehoney.Decidingwhichflower

ismostlikelytooffernectar（花蜜）isincrediblydifficult.Innewresearchpublishedrecently,ourteamreportshow

beesmaketheseplexdecisions.

Wechallengedbeeswithafieldofartificialflowers,eachofwhichofferedatinydropofsugarsyrup.

Different-colored“flowers“variedintheirlikelihoodofofferingsugar.Weputtiny,harmlesspaintmarksonthe

backofeachbee,andfilmedeveryvisitabeemadetotheflowerarray.Wethenusedputervisionandmachine

learningtoautomaticallydrawandstudytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefound

beesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemostrewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorreject

aflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2

secondsonaverage.

Theresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.Usuallyinanimals,anaccuratedecisiontakeslongerthan

aninaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeed-accuracytradeoff,whichhappensbecausedeterminingwhethera

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decisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomakethatdecision.Moreevidence

meansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccuratedecisionsareusuallyslowand

inaccuratedecisionsarefaster.Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.If

theyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfully

focusedtheireffortsonlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.

Theonlyotheranimalsknowntobeatthespeedaccuracytradeoffarehumansandprimates.It'sindeed

amazingthatbeesseemedtobebreakingthisboundary.

12.Howdidresearchersgettheresultoftheexperiment?

A.Byobservingbeesinthewild.

B.Byanalyzingbees'flightpaths.

C.Bytestingbeesindifferentcolors.

D.Byparingbees5foodpreference.

13.Whatdidtheresearchfindaboutbees?

A.Theycouldtellartificialflowersimmediately.

B.Theyperformedbetterincertaincoloredflowers.

C.Theymaderightchoicesfasterthanthewrongones.

DTheymademorecorrectdecisionsthanotherspecies.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“polesaparf,inparagraph3probablymean?

A.Contrary.B.Reasonable.

C.Essential.D.Confusing.

15.Whydobeesbeatthespeedaccuracytradeoff?

A.Theyignoreuncertainties.

B.Theygatherevidenceveryfast.

C.Theystayontherighttrackwhileflying.

D.Theyadoptaspecialdecisionmakingmechanism.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了研究團(tuán)隊(duì)通過用人工花對蜜蜂進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)，研究蜜蜂如何做出采蜜

決策，發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂打破了速度準(zhǔn)確性權(quán)衡這一現(xiàn)象。

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【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中"Wethenusedputervisionandmachinelearningtoautomaticallydrawand

studytherouteonwhichbeesflewthrough.Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentify

themostrewardingflowers.（然后，我們使用計(jì)算機(jī)視覺和機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)自動繪制并研究蜜蜂飛行的路線。從這些

信息中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂很快就學(xué)會了識別最有價值的花朵。）”可知，研究人員是通過分析蜜蜂的飛行路徑

來獲取實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglythey

madecorrectdecisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.（它們迅速

評估是否接受或拒絕一朵花，但令人驚訝的是，它們在0.6秒內(nèi)做出正確的決定，而錯誤的決定平均需要

1.2秒。）”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)蜜蜂做出正確選擇的速度比做出錯誤選擇的速度要快。故選C項(xiàng)。

14題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Fromthisinformation,wefoundbeesveryquicklylearnedtoidentifythemost

rewardingflowers.Theyquicklyassessedwhethertoacceptorrejectaflower,butsurprisinglytheymadecorrect

decisionswithin0.6secondswhileincorrectdecisionstookthem1.2secondsonaverage.（從這些信息中，我們發(fā)

現(xiàn)蜜蜂很快就學(xué)會了識別最有價值的花朵。它們迅速評估是否接受或拒絕一朵花，但令人驚訝的是，它們

在0.6秒內(nèi)做出正確的決定，而不正確的決定平均需要1.2秒。）”和第三段中uUsuallyinanimals,anaccurate

decisiontakeslongerthananinaccuratedecision.Thisiscalledthespeedaccuracytradeoff,whichhappens

becausedeterminingwhetheradecisionisrightorwrongusuallydependsonhowmuchevidencewehavetomake

thatdecision.Moreevidencemeansamoreaccuratedecision,butgatheringevidencetakestime.Soaccurate

decisionsareusuallyslowandinaccuratedecisionsarefaster.（通常在動物中，準(zhǔn)確的決策比不準(zhǔn)確的決策花費(fèi)

的時間更長。這被稱為速度準(zhǔn)確性權(quán)衡，之所以會這樣，是因?yàn)榕袛嘁粋€決策是否正確通常取決于我們做

出該決策所擁有的證據(jù)量。更多的證據(jù)意味著更準(zhǔn)確的決策，但收集證據(jù)需要時間。所以準(zhǔn)確的決策通常

較慢，而不準(zhǔn)確的決策則較快。）”可知，通常在動物中，準(zhǔn)確的決策比不準(zhǔn)確的決策花費(fèi)的時間更長，但

蜜蜂的情況相反，它們做出正確的決定的時間更短。所以uTheresultsandwhatweexpectedarepolesapart.v

表示結(jié)果和我們預(yù)期的完全相反，"polesapart"意思是“相反的"，與“Contrary”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Butbeesonlyacceptedaflowerif,ataglance,theyweresureitwasrewarding.If

theyhadanyuncertainty,theyrejectedit.Theymighthavemissedsomerewardingflowers,buttheysuccessfully

focusedtheireffortsonlyontheflowerswiththebestchanceandbestevidenceofprovidingthemwithsugar.（但

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蜜蜂只有在一眼就確定一朵花有價值時才會接受它。如果它們有任何不確定，就會拒絕它。它們可能錯過

了一些有價值的花朵，但它們成功地將精力只集中在最有可能、最有證據(jù)能為它們提供糖分的花朵上。）”

可知，蜜蜂采用了一種特殊的決策機(jī)制，即只接受一眼確定有價值的花，有不確定就拒絕，這使得它們打

破了速度準(zhǔn)確性權(quán)衡。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

TheScienceofRiskSeeking

Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthe

reward,theriskseemsworthtaking.16Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherest

ofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork?

Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risktakerswerebetterat

hunting,fighting,orexploring.17Asthequalityofrisktakingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothe

next,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.

Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisktakingcould

getonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstayinthecavetypes.Asaresult,humans

developedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.

18

Nomatterwhereyouareontheriskseekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreases

duringyourteenageyears.19Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.

Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

20Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,a

partofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.

Asexpertscontinuetostudythescienceofriskseeking,we'llcontinuetohitthemountains,thewavesorthe

shallowendofthepool.

A.Italldependsonyourcharacter.

B.Thosearetherisksyoushouldjumptotake.

CBeingbetteratthosethingsmeantagreaterchanceofsurvival.

D.Thus,thesewellequippedpeoplesurvivedbecausetheywerethefittest.

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E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.

F.However,wearenotallusingthesamereferencestandardtoweighrisksandrewards.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

【答案】16.F17.C18.A19.E20.G

【解析】

【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了人們喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的來源和科學(xué)依據(jù)，人們都喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)轱L(fēng)險(xiǎn)也意

味著回報(bào)，生活中人們喜歡做一些讓別人意外和害怕的事，這和人的大腦有關(guān).

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)前文becausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtasking.當(dāng)我們衡量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和回報(bào)時,

風(fēng)險(xiǎn)值得去冒。根據(jù)后文Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.有些人喜歡做一

些讓別人意外和害怕的事。也就是說衡量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)每個人都可能不一樣.故F選項(xiàng)“然而，我們并不是

都使用相同的參考標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和回報(bào)”與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且承接下文。故選F。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)前文Risktakerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人表現(xiàn)更優(yōu)秀，這意味著他們

有更大的機(jī)會生存下去。故C選項(xiàng)“這意味著他們有更大的機(jī)會生存下去”承接上文。故選C。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)前文Somaybeyoulovecarracing,ormaybeyouhateit.也許你喜歡賽車，也許你不喜歡，這要依據(jù)你

的性格。故A選項(xiàng)"這要依據(jù)你的性格”承接上文。故選A。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)前文scientistssaythatyourWillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.科學(xué)家們指出冒險(xiǎn)

的意愿在年輕時會不斷強(qiáng)烈。根據(jù)下文Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornew

experiences.為了幫你實(shí)現(xiàn)那些，大腦會不斷增加你對新的經(jīng)歷的渴望。而這些是在你離開家庭，走進(jìn)一個

更大的世界的時候。故E選項(xiàng)”這些是在你離開家庭，走進(jìn)一個更大的世界的時候”承接上下文。故選E。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)下文Fortheriskseekersapartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebeesactive,whilefortherestofus,apart

ofthebrainrelatedtofearbeesactive.不同的人的大腦在處理快樂和恐懼時表現(xiàn)也會不一樣。故前面應(yīng)該

是說大腦的不同反應(yīng)。故G選項(xiàng)“新的大腦研究表明，當(dāng)我們面對緊張的情況時，我們的大腦會以不同的方

式工作”承接下文。故選G。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

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第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

IgrewupinPaci