江西省南昌市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模英語試題 含解析

2025屆NCS模擬檢測英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inamuseum. B.Inalibrary. C.Inaclassroom.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,wherecanIfindthebookPrideandPrejudice?W:Youcancheckthethirdfloor.That’swheremostoftheliteraturebooksarestored.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeadayoff. B.Gotothemeeting. C.Takesomemedicine.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Myheadiskillingme.Themedicinedoesn'twork.W:Youshouldtakeaday'sleaveandgetsomerest.M:Ican't.Ihaveanimportantmeetingthisafternoon.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Howmightthemangototheairport?A.Bycar. B.Bytaxi. C.Bybus.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HowareyougoingtotheairporttomorrowM:Drivingacarisinconvenientforme.Iamthinkingabouttakingabus,butitmightbetooslow.MaybeIshouldtakeataxi.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Haveamathclass. B.Joinastudyteam. C.Consultateacher.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:I’mreallystrugglingwiththesemathproblems.TheyaresodifficultandIcan’treachmyteacher.W:Whynotcometothestudygroupthisafternoon?Wecanworkonittogether.M:Itsoundsgreat.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Helovesthemovie.B.Hehasalreadyseenthemovie.C.He’stoobusytowatchthemovie.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:There’sagreatmovieonatthecinematonight.Doyouwanttowatchitwithme?M:I’dloveto,butIhavealotofworktodo.Ireallycan’tsparethetime.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Tomakeacomplaint. B.Toconfirmanorder. C.Tobookaproduct.7.Whatwillthemangetfinally?A.Aparcelbox. B.Apurchasecard. C.Anewtoy.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,I'mcallingaboutthetoy.Iordereditarriveddamaged.W:I'msorrytohearthat.Sir,couldyoupleasetellmemoredetails?M:TheparcelboxwasbrokenandthereweremanyMarksontheiteminside.W:Wecansendyouareplacementrightawayorreturnthemoneytoyourpurchasecard.Whichwouldyouprefer?M:Ichoosethereplacement.W:Okay,I'llarrangeitforyou.I'llsendyouanemailtoconfirmthedetails.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersplanning?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Agraduationceremony.C.Ahousewarminggathering.9.Howdoesthemanfindthecommunitycenter?A.Budget-friendly. B.Well-decorated. C.Out-dated.10.Howwilltheysendoutinvitations?A.Makephonecalls. B.Sendemails. C.Givepaperinvitations.【答案】8.A9.C10.B【解析】【原文】M:Tom'sbirthdayisaroundthecorner.Let'sprepareasurprisepartyforhim.W:Goodidea.First,let'schooseavenuefortheparty.M:I'mthinkingaboutthatnewcafedowntown.Ithasaprivateroom.W:I'vebeenthere.Itisprettysmall.Maybewecouldconsiderthecommunitycentre.It'smuchbiggerandnottooexpensiveM:ButIthinkit'sabitoldfashioned.Thenweneedtodecorateitcarefully.Whataboutthefood?W:Wecanmakesomesimplesnacksourselvesandordermaindishesandwealsoneedtosendoutinvitations.ThistimeIsuggestsendingemailsinsteadofpaperinvitations.M:OK,theformerismoreconvenient.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whywillthewomanmovetoanewplace?A.Shehasbeenofferedanewjob.B.Shewantstoliveinanothercity.C.Shegetstiredofhercurrentrole.12.Whatwillthemanhelpdo?APackthestuff. B.Lendsomemoney. C.Findanewapartment.13.Whichplacedoesthewomanrent?A.Adistanthousewithalovelyview.B.Afurnishedflatnearthesubway.C.Acheapflatwithoutakitchen.【答案】11.A12.A13.B【解析】【原文】W:I’mmakingamovetoabrandnewplace.M:Really.Why?W:Well,Irecentlysecuredanewjobopportunityinadifferentpartofthecity.It’sadreamrole,butit’squiteadistancefrommycurrentplace.M:Oh,Itotallygetthat.Sodoyouneedanyhelpwiththemove?I’dbemorethanhappytolendahand.W:That’sincrediblysweetofyou.Couldyousparesometimetohelpmepack?M:Noproblem.Whatkindofplacehaveyourented?W:InitiallyIfoundahousewithalovelyview,butitistoofaraway.Andthenaflatnearmycompanydoesn’thaveakitchen,thoughitischeaper.M:Hmm,that’sinconvenient.W:SoIchoseaflatclosetothesubwaywithallthefurniture.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Humaninteraction. B.Learningassessment. C.Educationaltechnology.15.WhatisSmartLearn’smostimpressivefeature?A.Multipleschoolcourses.B.Variousdigitalapplications.C.Customizedlearningplans.16.WhatchangehasSmartLearnbroughttostudents?A.Reducedworkload. B.Betterengagement. C.Frequentinteraction.17.WhatdosomeexpertsthinkofSmartLearn?A.Itservesasteachers’assistant.B.Itrequiresparents’guidance.C.Itmeetsstudents’learningneed.【答案】14.C15.C16.B17.A【解析】【原文】W:HeyJohn,haveyouheardaboutthenewtechnologythey'veintroducedinourschools?M:Yeah,Ithinkit'scalledsmartlearn.Whatexactlydoesitdo?W:Themostamazingfeatureisthatsmartlearnusesartificialintelligencetocreatepersonalizedlearningplansforeachstudent.Itintegrateswithourschoolcoursesandofferstonsofdigitalresourceslikeinteractivevideos,quizzesandvirtuallabexperimentsbasedonstudentperformance.Itadjustslearningplansinrealtime.M:Thatsoundscool.Whatdoteachersthinkaboutit?W:Theyloveit.Ithelpsthemassigntailoredhomeworkandgivemorepersonalizedassessment.Parentscanalsotracktheirkids'progress.M:That'sgreatforparents.Hasitmadeanydifferencetostudents?W:Absolutely.Studentsaremoremotivatedandconfidenttheyaremoreactiveandtheirparticipationhasgoneup.M:Soundtoogoodtobetrue.Arethereanydisadvantages?W:Someexpertssayitshouldbeateachingaid,notareplacement.Forteachers,humaninteractionisstillcrucial.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】18.Whichcityismorelikelytofocusonbuildingenoughhouses?A.Dubai. B.Tokyo. C.London.19.Whatcanhelptosolvethe“l(fā)ast-mile”problem?A.Self-drivetaxis. B.Privatecars. C.Sharedbikes.20.Whatisessentialtothecitizens’lifequality?A.Populationstructure. B.Publictransportation. C.Socialfacilities.【答案】18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】Whenwetalkabouturbanplanning,wemustconsidermultiplefactors.Oneaspectisthepopulation.Understandingthepopulationsize,structureandgrowthtrendsiscrucial.Forexample,acitywitharapidlyincreasingpopulation,suchasDubai,needstoplanforsufficienthousingandschools.Incontrast,anagingpopulationlikeinTokyocallsformorenursinghomes,seniorfriendlypublicspacesandaccessiblehealthcareservices.Anotherimportantfactorinurbanplanningissustainabletransportation.InmanymoderncitieslikeLondon,theoverrelianceonprivatecarshasLEDtotrafficjamsandenvironmentalpollution.Todealwiththis,moreandmorecitiesareinvestinginpublictransportationsystems.However,simplybuildingmorepublictransportationisn'tenough.Wealsoneedtoimprovethelastmileproblem.Thisreferstothedifficultyofgettingfromthepublictransportationstoptothefinaldestination.Solutionslikebikesharingprogramsandelectricbikerentalsareemergingtoaddressthisissue.Additionally,socialfacilitiessuchasschoolsandpublicspacesareessentialtoenhancethequalityoflifeforresidentsandcontributetotheoverallwellbeingofthecommunity.Inconclusion,urbanplanningisacomplexprocessthatrequiresacomprehensiveconsiderationofpopulation,transportation,economic,environmentalandsocialfactors.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AWe,NewYorkCityDepartmentofSanitation,offerFREEweeklyroadsidecollectionservice,makingiteasyforyoutodealwithyourtrash(垃圾)andkeepourcityclean.SettingOutTrashAsofNovember12,2024,single-andtwo-familyhomes,andbuildingswithupto9apartmentsarerequiredtousetrashboxeswithsecurelids(蓋子)fortrashsetout.ResidentialBuildingswith1-9Units●Placetrashoutafter6:00PMinaboxof55gallonsorlesswithasecurelidResidentialBuildingswith10+Units●Placetrashoutafter6:00PMinaboxof55gallonsorlesswithasecurelid,or●Placetrashoutafter8:00PM,ifputtingbagsdirectlyontheroadsideToensurecollection,allwastemustbesetoutbymidnight.PurchaseyourofficialNYCBoxeswww.boxes.nycorbycalling1-855-NYC-BINS.BoxStorageTrashboxesshouldbestoredinsideorinpassages,courtyards,orotheroutdoorareasawayfrompublicsidewalks.Ifspaceisnotavailable,youmaystoreboxeswithinthreefeetofyourbuilding.Containersmustbekeptneatandallowforpeopletotravel.MissedCollectionYoucanreportthatyourtrash,orrecyclingwasnotpickedup.Startat8:00AMthedayafteryourcollectionday.Toreportmissedcollection,call311oremailus.21.What’srequiredforresidentialbuildingwith1-9unitswhensettingouttrash?A.Purchasingassignedclearbags. B.Classifyingthetrashasrequired.C.Usingboxeswithasecurelid. D.Placingtrashoutbefore6:00PM.22.Wherecantrashboxesbekept?A.Onpublicsidewalks. B.Inpassages.C.Withintenfeetofthebuilding. D.Outsidecourtyards.23.Howcanresidentsreportamissedtrashcollection?A.Bycontacting311onthecollectionday. B.Bycalling1-855-NYC-BINS.C.Byvisitingthewebsitewww.boxes.nyc. D.ByemailingNYCDepartmentofSanitation.【答案】21.C22.B23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹的是紐約市環(huán)衛(wèi)部門提供的免費路邊垃圾收集服務(wù)及其具體要求和操作方法?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ResidentialBuildingswith1-9Units部分“Placetrashoutafter6:00PMinaboxof55gallonsorlesswithasecurelid(在晚上6:00后將垃圾放置于容量不超過55加侖且?guī)в欣喂躺w子的箱子中)”可知，1至9單元的住宅建筑在投放垃圾時需要使用帶牢固蓋子的箱子。故選C項?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BoxStorage部分的“Trashboxesshouldbestoredinsideorinpassages,courtyards,orotheroutdoorareasawayfrompublicsidewalks.(垃圾桶應(yīng)存放在室內(nèi)、通道、庭院或其他遠(yuǎn)離公共人行道的戶外區(qū)域)”可知，垃圾桶可以存放在通道中。故選B項。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MissedCollection部分的“Toreportmissedcollection,call311oremailus.(若要報告未收集的垃圾，可撥打311或發(fā)送電子郵件給我們)”可知，居民可以通過電子郵件聯(lián)系紐約市環(huán)衛(wèi)局來報告未收集的垃圾。故選D項。BAnnieSmith,32,wentintolaborasfloodwatersfromHurricaneHarveysurroundedherapartment.Withtheroadsunderwater,thetwo-miledrivetothehospitalwasimpossible.Annieandherhusband,Greg,bothdoctors,beganpreparingforahomebirth.Gregrushedtogathersupplies—scissors,sewingneedles—whilehismotherboiledwatertosterilize(消毒)them.“I’mreallystartingtogetscarednow,”AnnietoldGregastherealitysetin.Aneighbor,checkingontheSmiths,sentanemailtotheirapartmentcomplex’smessageboardaskingforhelp.Within30minutes,atleast15peopleshowedup,includingmedicaltraineesfromthecomplex.Meanwhile,thecouplehadbeencontinuouslydialing911butnevergotananswer.Finally,acalltothedirectorofAnnie’sfellowshipprogramledtoaction.Thedirector’sfather,wholivednearafirestation,walkedtheretoexplainthesituation.Aroundnoon,arescuetruckarrived.Bythen,thewaterhadreachedtoaformidablelevelthatthevehiclecouldn’tgetclose.TheSmiths’neighborsandfirefightersformedahumanchaintohelpAnnieSmithtothebackoftheflatbedtruck.“Iheldontothemonepersonatatime,”shesaid,movingonherhandsandkneesalongtheirarmsuntilshereachedtheladdersafely.Shesatonablanketinthetruck,ashowercurtainoverherhead,astheydrovethroughtheflood.TheSmithsarrivedatTexasChildren’sHospitalabout15minuteslater.Anhourlater,theirdaughterAdriellewasborn,weighing7pounds,6ounces.Thecouple,exhaustedbutrelieved,appreciatedtheneighborsandfiremenwhohadcometotheiraid.“Itwasabsolutelyincrediblehowmanypeoplerespondedandwereoutintheraintryingtohelpus,”Anniesaid.24.WhydidtheSmithsatfirstprepareforahomebirth?A.Thehospitalwasinaccessible. B.Driverswerehardtoreach.C.Theyweresuggestedbydoctors. D.Theemergencyserviceswereoffduty.25.Whoplayedacrucialroleincallingtherescuetruck?A.Aneighbour. B.Greg’smother.C.Amedicaltrainee. D.Thedirector’sfather.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“formidable”inparagraph4mean?A.Scary. B.Awesome. C.Average. D.Normal.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torecordanunforgettabledisaster. B.Toremembertherespectedfiremen.C.Topraisethelovewithinthecommunity. D.ToraisefundsforAnnie’sfellowshipprogram.【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一對醫(yī)生夫婦在颶風(fēng)洪水中，因醫(yī)院無法到達(dá)而準(zhǔn)備在家分娩，最終在鄰居和消防員的幫助下成功獲救并誕下女兒的感人故事?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Withtheroadsunderwater,thetwo-miledrivetothehospitalwasimpossible.(由于道路被水淹沒，前往醫(yī)院兩英里的路程無法實現(xiàn))”可知，由于道路被水淹沒，醫(yī)院無法到達(dá)，所以史密斯一家最初準(zhǔn)備在家分娩。故選A項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Finally,acalltothedirectorofAnnie’sfellowshipprogramledtoaction.Thedirector’sfather,wholivednearafirestation,walkedtheretoexplainthesituation.(最終，給安妮的研究生項目主任打電話促成了行動。這位主任的父親住在消防站附近，他步行到那里解釋了情況)”可知，這位主任的父親住在消防站附近，他步行到那里解釋了情況。由此可知，這位主任的父親在聯(lián)系救援卡車的過程中起到了關(guān)鍵作用。故選D項?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Aroundnoon,arescuetruckarrived.Bythen,thewaterhadreachedtoaformidablelevelthatthevehiclecouldn’tgetclose.(中午時分，一輛救援卡車到達(dá)。然而，洪水已經(jīng)漲到了一個formidable程度，車輛無法靠近)”可知，劃線單詞后的同位語從句對level進行解釋，洪水到了車輛無法靠近的程度，由此可知，洪水水位高得嚇人，阻礙了車輛靠近，所以劃線單詞的意思與scary“可怕的”意義相近。故選A項。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段中“Thecouple,exhaustedbutrelieved,appreciatedtheneighborsandfiremenwhohadcometotheiraid.“Itwasabsolutelyincrediblehowmanypeoplerespondedandwereoutintheraintryingtohelpus,”Anniesaid.(這對夫婦雖然筋疲力盡，但感到如釋重負(fù)，他們非常感激前來幫助他們的鄰居和消防員。安妮說：“令人難以置信的是，有那么多人響應(yīng)并冒著大雨來幫助我們。”)”可知，這對夫婦非常感激前來幫助他們的鄰居和消防員。由此推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是贊美社區(qū)內(nèi)的互助與愛心。故選C項。CWhatifeverythinghappensforareason?It’satheorythatwe’veallheardmorethanonce.Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.We’veallbeenthere.Sayyouaccidentallyburnyourtoastbeforeleavingforwork.Accordingtoburnttoasttheory,thissingle,tinyinconvenienceisenoughtohaveadominoeffect(多米諾效應(yīng)).Yourmorningisthenpushedbackbywhat,maybethreetofiveminutes?Perhapsthatisenoughtimetoleavethehousealittlebitlaterthanusual,andtoavoidgettinginacaraccident.Oritmightmeanyouendupgettingalatertrain,andavoidbumpingintosomeonewhoyou’dreallyratheravoid.Inotherwords,theburnttoasttheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecanhelptoreducefeelingsofanxiety,andreleaseourfearofbeingoutofcontroloftheworldaroundus.Itpreventsusfromthinkingoversomethingthatisn’treallyallthatbadinthegrandperspectiveofthingsandencouragesustomakemeaningofchallengeswemayexperience,thusmakingusmoreadaptivetothefuturesetbacks.Thenexttimeyoufeelyourselfbecomingannoyedorfrustratedbyaninconvenienceinyourlife,tryreshapingyourthoughtsbytellingyourselfwhyyou’regratefulfortheinconvenience.Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,burnttoasttheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Bemindfulthatonlyallowingyourselftofocusonpositivethoughtscanmeanthatyouaredenyingyourselfthechancetoproperlyengagewithchallengingordifficultemotions,insteadfocusingoncreatingafalsepositiveprofile.28.Whatmaybeacaseoftheburnttoasttheory?A.Gainingrewardsafterpayingefforts.B.Losingajobafterforgettingtosetanalarm.C.Meetingafutureemployeraftermissingaflight.D.Mendingfriendshipafterclearingmisunderstandings.29.Whatistheresultofapplyingtheburnttoasttheoryaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Betterjudgementonfears. B.Richerexperiencefromfailures.C.Theremovalofdailyinconveniences. D.Theharvestofapositivemindset.30.Whichaspectofthetheorydoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Would-beprojects. B.Real-worldapplications.C.Potentialweaknesses. D.Practicaladvantages.31.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A.LessIsMore B.MakeaLemonLemonadeC.OnceBitten,TwiceShy D.BetterLateThanNever【答案】28.C29.D30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹的是“燒焦的面包理論”，即通過積極視角看待生活中的不便，將其視為有意義的轉(zhuǎn)折點，同時也探討了該理論的潛在局限性。【28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.(而且在許多方面，燒焦面包理論可以被視為這一經(jīng)典思想的現(xiàn)代詮釋，暗示著我們在日常生活中經(jīng)歷的每一個小不便都出于更大的原因)”可知，燒焦面包理論暗示著我們在日常生活中經(jīng)歷的每一個小不便都出于更大的原因，結(jié)合第二段中的“Perhapsthatisenoughtimetoleavethehousealittlebitlaterthanusual,andtoavoidgettinginacaraccident.Oritmightmeanyouendupgettingalatertrain,andavoidbumpingintosomeonewhoyou’dreallyratheravoid.(也許這足夠讓你比平時晚一點出門，從而避免了一場車禍。或者這意味著你趕上了稍晚的火車，避開了一個你寧愿避開的人)”可知，錯過航班后遇到未來雇主是符合該理論的案例。故選C項?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Inotherwords,theburnttoasttheoryisaremindertoshiftyourthinkingpattern.Whenwechoosetoviewtheworldinamorepositivelight,wecanhelptoreducefeelingsofanxiety,andreleaseourfearofbeingoutofcontroloftheworldaroundus.(換句話說，燒焦面包理論提醒我們要轉(zhuǎn)變思維方式。當(dāng)我們選擇以更積極的態(tài)度看待世界時，我們可以幫助減輕焦慮感，并釋放對周圍世界失控的恐懼)”可知，燒焦面包理論提醒我們要轉(zhuǎn)變思維方式，用更積極的態(tài)度看世界。由此可知，應(yīng)用該理論的結(jié)果是收獲積極心態(tài)。故選D項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Whilemaintainingapositivemindsetcangoalongway,burnttoasttheoryisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Bemindfulthatonlyallowingyourselftofocusonpositivethoughtscanmeanthatyouaredenyingyourselfthechancetoproperlyengagewithchallengingordifficultemotions,insteadfocusingoncreatingafalsepositiveprofile.(雖然保持積極的心態(tài)可以走得很遠(yuǎn)，但燒焦面包理論并非沒有缺點。要注意，只允許自己專注于積極的想法可能意味著你正在剝奪自己正確面對挑戰(zhàn)或困難情緒的機會，而是專注于創(chuàng)造一個虛假的積極形象)”可知，燒焦面包理論并非沒有缺點，進而分析了其危害，由此可知，最后一段聚焦于該理論的潛在弱點。故選C項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，尤其是首段“Whatifeverythinghappensforareason?It’satheorythatwe’veallheardmorethanonce.Andinmanyways,burnttoasttheorycanbeseenasamoderntakeonthisclassicidea,implyingthateverylittleinconvenienceweexperienceinourday-to-dayliveshappensforabiggerreason.(如果每件事的發(fā)生都有其原因呢？這是一個我們都不止一次聽過的理論。在許多方面，“燒焦面包理論”可以被視為這一經(jīng)典思想的現(xiàn)代詮釋，暗示我們在日常生活中遇到的每一個小麻煩都可能是出于某種更大的原因)”可知，全文圍繞“燒焦的面包理論”展開，強調(diào)通過積極視角看待生活中的不便，將挑戰(zhàn)轉(zhuǎn)化為機遇，同時指出其潛在的局限性。選項B“化挫折為機遇”與這一主題意義相符，最適合作為標(biāo)題。故選B項。DJamesHansen,theclimatescientistbestknownforwarningtheUSCongressaboutglobalwarminginthe1980s,hasstrengthenedhismessagethatweareunderestimatingtheclimateimpactofdecliningairpollution.“Reducingairpollutionisessentialforhealthandenvironment,butwehavetounderstanditscomplexrelationshipwithclimatechangewhenweusedaerosols(氣溶膠)tocanceloutalmosthalfofgreenhousegaswarming,”saidHansenataUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentNetworkbriefing.Recordrisesinglobaltemperaturesin2023and2024haveledtodebateaboutwhetherglobalwarmingisacceleratingfasterthanexpected.Hansenandcolleaguespreviouslylinkedthisaccelerationwithreducedairpollution.Nowtheyofferanewanalysissuggestingdecliningairpollutioncanexplainrecenttemperatureincreases.AerosolsinairpollutionreflectsunlightawayfromEarthandaffectcloudproperties.A2020shippingregulationcontrollingsulphur(硫磺)emissionsprovidedcriticalevidence:inPacificshippingroutes,reducedaerosolsallowed0.5wattsofadditionalheatpersquaremetertoreachEarth,equaltoadecade’sworthofcurrentCO2emissions.Thissuggestsaerosolspreviouslymaskeduptohalfofgreenhousewarming.Hansenwarnssuchfindingsimplyclimatesensitivityisfarhigherthanestimated,andarguestheworldismorerapidlyapproachingclimatetippingpoints.However,manyscientistshavemixedviews.MichaelDiamondatFloridaStateUniversitynotesHansen’s0.5-wattestimateis“attheextremeedgeofplausibility(合理性),”whileNASA’sGavinSchmidtarguesthenumberis“verylikelyanoverestimate”.Achangeinaerosolsmaynotevenbenecessarytoexplainthetemperaturerise,saysShivPriyamRaghuramanattheUniversityofIllinoisUrbana-Champaign—hepreviouslyfounditcanbeexplainedbychangesinPacificOceamtemperaturesalone.Hesaysmoreworkisneededtounderstandthewarmingeffectsofaerosolsbeforeweputtheblameonreducedairpollution.“Atleast,reducingairpollutionremainsvitalnowadays.”32.What’sHansen’swarningabout?A.Themisconceptionofgreenhousegases. B.Theinfluenceofairpollutionreduction.C.Thenecessityofdecliningairpollution. D.Theresultsofcontinuingglobalwarming.33.Whydoestheauthormentionthe2020shippingregulation?A.Tourgethegovernmenttoreduceairpollution.B.Tostressaerosols’impactongreenhousewarming.C.Toexplainthechangeofpresentclimate.D.Topraisetheregulationsonsulphuremissions.34.WhatisMichaelDiamond’sattitudetowardsHansen’s0.5-wattestimate?A.Supportive. B.Indistinct. C.Respectful D.Doubtful.35.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetemperaturerisefromthelastparagraph?A.Furtherresearchisdemanded. B.Aerosolsarethedecisivefactor.C.Previousstudiesareineffective. D.PacificOceantemperaturescountmost.【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是氣候?qū)W家詹姆斯·漢森關(guān)于減少空氣污染對氣候影響的警告，并探討了氣溶膠與全球變暖之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系及其科學(xué)爭議?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的““Reducingairpollutionisessentialforhealthandenvironment,butwehavetounderstanditscomplexrelationshipwithclimatechangewhenweusedaerosols(氣溶膠)tocanceloutalmosthalfofgreenhousegaswarming,”saidHansenataUnitedNationsSustainableDevelopmentNetworkbriefing.(漢森在聯(lián)合國可持續(xù)發(fā)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡報會上表示：“減少空氣污染對健康和環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，但當(dāng)我們利用氣溶膠抵消了近一半的溫室氣體變暖時，我們必須理解其與氣候變化之間的復(fù)雜關(guān)系?！?”可知，漢森指出，減少空氣污染對健康和環(huán)境至關(guān)重要，由此可知，漢森的警告主要集中在減少空氣污染對氣候的影響。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“A2020shippingregulationcontrollingsulphur(硫磺)emissionsprovidedcriticalevidence:inPacificshippingroutes,reducedaerosolsallowed0.5wattsofadditionalheatpersquaremetertoreachEarth,equaltoadecade’sworthofcurrentCO2emissions.(2020年限制硫排放的航運法規(guī)提供了關(guān)鍵證據(jù)：在太平洋航線上，氣溶膠的減少使每平方米地球表面額外吸收了0.5瓦熱量，相當(dāng)于當(dāng)前十年的二氧化碳排放量。)”可知，氣溶膠的減少使每平方米地球表面額外吸收了0.5瓦熱量，由此可知，作者提到2020年的航運法規(guī)是為了強調(diào)氣溶膠對溫室效應(yīng)的影響。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“MichaelDiamondatFloridaStateUniversitynotesHansen’s0.5-wattestimateis“attheextremeedgeofplausibility(合理性),”whileNASA’sGavinSchmidtarguesthenumberis“verylikelyanoverestimate”.(佛羅里達(dá)州立大學(xué)的邁克爾·戴蒙德指出，漢森提出的0.5瓦估計值“處于合理性的極端邊緣”，而美國宇航局的加文·施密特則認(rèn)為這個數(shù)字“極有可能被高估了”。)”可知，邁克爾·戴蒙德指出，漢森提出的0.5瓦估計值“處于合理性的極端邊緣”，由此可推斷，邁克爾·戴蒙德對漢森的估計持懷疑態(tài)度。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hesaysmoreworkisneededtounderstandthewarmingeffectsofaerosolsbeforeweputtheblameonreducedairpollution.(他說，在我們將責(zé)任歸咎于空氣污染減少之前，還需要更多工作來理解氣溶膠的增溫效應(yīng)。)”可知，ShivPriyamRaghuraman認(rèn)為，還需要更多工作來理解氣溶膠的增溫效應(yīng)，由此可知，關(guān)于氣溫上升的原因仍需進一步研究。故選A項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Rockclimbinghasrecentlygrownrapidly,withnearly1,500peopletryingitforthefirsttimeeachday.Newclimbinggymsaresurfacingacrossthecountry,makingiteasiertoexplorethisexcitingactivitywithsomanyoptionsavailable.Whetheryou’reseekingadventure,fitness,oranewsocialcircle,rockclimbingoffersauniqueexperience.____36____Discovertheclimberwithinyou.Howlongittakestolearnrockclimbingvariesforclimbers.Somebelieveclimbingoutdoorsmaytake3-5yearstoseeresults,whilesomemayseesomeimprovementwithinamonth,andbegintofeelconfidentaftersixmonthsofcontinuedpractice.It’spossibleforyoutobecomeanexpertinayear.____37____Takingthefirststepisalwaysthebiggestchallenge.Beginnersareoftenconcernedaboutappearingawkwardatsomepoint.____38____Mostclimbersarefocusedonthemselvesandtheirclimbingjourney.Yoursafetyiswhattrulymatterstopeople.So,don’tfearlookingsilly.Getyourmindsetinorder.Startwithindoorcoursesanddon’ttrytoacquirerockclimbingtechniquesovernight.Moreover,climbingisnotsimplyaphysicalsport._____39_____You’dbetterunderstandthemindsetbehindsuccessfulclimbing,suchasovercomingfearsandmanagingself-doubt.____40____Yourgymisfullofsupportivememberswhowillcheeryouonandhelpyoutosucceed.Itissoeasytomakefriendsinaclimbinggymwithindividualssharingthesameinterest.You’reallheretodosomethingtobetteryourselves,andthatkindofpositivitybondspeopletogetherlikeabigfamily.A.There’salotofmentaltrainingaswell.B.Youarealwaysresponsibleforyourownsafety.C.Watchingtheexpertsisalsooneofthefastestwaystolearn.D.Butyou’llneverknowyourlearningtimelineuntilyoustart.E.Thecoolthingaboutclimbingisthatit’smoreofacommunity.F.However,nooneisactuallygoingtojudgehowskilledyouare.G.Withallthesebenefits,itistimetostretchyourbodytotryout.【答案】36.G37.D38.F39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是攀巖運動的興起及其帶來的多種益處，包括個人成長、健身以及社交等方面，并提供了初學(xué)者如何開始攀巖的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Whetheryou’reseekingadventure,fitness,oranewsocialcircle,rockclimbingoffersauniqueexperience.(無論你是在尋找冒險、健身，還是一個新的社交圈，攀巖都能提供一種獨特的體驗。)”可知，攀巖能給人們提供獨特的體驗，結(jié)合下文的“Discovertheclimberwithinyou.(發(fā)現(xiàn)你內(nèi)心的攀巖者。)”可知，此處應(yīng)是鼓勵人們?nèi)L試攀巖，G選項“Withallthesebenefits,itistimetostretchyourbodytotryout.(有這么多好處，是時候伸展你的身體去嘗試了。)”起到承上啟下的作用，其中的thesebenefits指代的是上文的內(nèi)容，并鼓勵人們?nèi)L試攀巖，符合語境。故選G項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)本段的主題句“Howlongittakestolearnrockclimbingvariesforclimbers.(學(xué)習(xí)攀巖所需的時間因攀巖者而異。)”可知，本段講述的是虛席攀巖所需要的時間，結(jié)合空前的“It’spossibleforyoutobecomeanexpertinayear.(你有可能在一年內(nèi)成為專家。)”以及空格所處的位置，此處應(yīng)是對上文內(nèi)容進行總結(jié)，且與學(xué)習(xí)攀巖時間相關(guān)，D選項“Butyou’llneverknowyourlearningtimelineuntilyoustart.(但不到你開始，你永遠(yuǎn)不會知道你的學(xué)習(xí)時間線。)”與本段主題相關(guān)，且與上文的內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合邏輯。故選D項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Beginnersareoftenconcernedaboutappearingawkwardatsomepoint.(初學(xué)者常常擔(dān)心在某個時候會顯得笨拙。)”可知，初學(xué)者可能顯得有些笨拙，結(jié)合空后的“Mostclimbersarefocusedonthemselvesandtheirclimbingjourney.(大多數(shù)攀巖者專注于自己和他們的攀巖旅程。)”可知，大部分攀巖者只關(guān)注自己而非別人，由此可推斷，此空應(yīng)承上啟下，F(xiàn)選項“However,nooneisactuallygoingtojudgehowskilledyouare.(然而，實際上沒有人會評判你的技能水平。)”與上文的內(nèi)容為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且引出下文講述的人們關(guān)注的焦點，緩解了初學(xué)者的擔(dān)憂。故選F項。【39題詳解】根據(jù)上文的“Moreover,climbingisnotsimplyaphysicalsport.(此外，攀巖不僅僅是一項體力運動。)”可知，攀巖不僅是一項體力運動，暗示還有其他方面的訓(xùn)練，