湖南省衡陽市八中2025屆高三下學(xué)期適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練（四）英語試題 含解析

屆高三適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練（四）本試題卷共頁。全卷滿分分。考試用時注意事項：答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時，選出每小題答案后用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。&TheBalk,PocklingtonYO422QF01759307125Thegardensarebeautifullylaidoutwithtwolakes,whicharehometoavastcollectionoffish.alsohaveStewartMuseum,achildren’splayground,abook&giftshop,andtearooms.Sundaybandconcertsandeventsareavailablethroughouttheyear.10:00amto5:30pmAdults￡4.65,Seniors￡3.95,Children￡2.50CarlisleStreet,GooleDN145DS01405768963ThemuseumexploresthecolourfulhistoryofthetownandportofGoole,withplentyofhands-onexhibitsforyoungervisitors.Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工藝)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.10:00amto5:00pme第1頁/共20頁Sledmere,DriffieldYO253XG01377236637SledmereHouseisoneofmostattractivehouses.haveanaward-winninggarden,amilitarymuseum,achildren’splayarea,andacafé&giftshop.OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.amto3:30pmAdults￡8.00,Seniors￡6.00,Children￡3.00&Bridlington,EastYO153QF01262673653Thefamily-runparkissetinawonderfulwoodlandenvironment.Itdailyshowsofpigracing.alsohavearangeofbirdsandotheranimalstoafun-filleddayoutforfamilies.10:00amto5:00pmAdults￡4.50,Seniors￡4.00,Children￡3.501.Whichattractionhoststemporaryexhibitions?A.GooleMuseum.B.BurnbyHallGardens&Museum.C.SledmereHouse.D.BridlingtonBird&AnimalPark.2.WhatcantouristsdoatSledmereHouse?A.Feedawiderangeofanimals.B.abandconcertonSunday.C.Explorethehistoryofthetown.D.EnjoyorganmusiconThursday.3.WhatistheticketpriceforchildrenatBridlingtonBird&AnimalPark?A.￡2.50.B.￡3.00.C.￡3.50.D.￡4.00.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了英國東約克郡的四個景點，主要包括其地理位置、聯(lián)系方式、景點活動、開放時間及票價等信息?！?題詳解】”部分中“Thetemporaryexhibitiongalleryhasawiderangeofartcraft(工藝)andlocalhistoryexhibitionswhichchangeseverymonth.(臨時展覽館有各種各樣的藝術(shù)工藝和當(dāng)?shù)貧v史展覽，每個月都有變化)”可知，古爾博物館（GooleMuseum）舉辦臨時展覽。故選A項?！?題詳解】第2頁/共20頁細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“”部分中“OrganmusicisplayedonThursdayafternoons.(管風(fēng)琴音樂在星期四下午演奏)”可知，在SledmereHouse游客們可以在周四欣賞管風(fēng)琴音樂。故選D項?！?題詳解】&部分中的“Children￡3.50(兒童3.50英鎊)”可知，布里德靈頓鳥類和動物公園的兒童票價是3.5英鎊。故選C項。B“Livingoutofasuitcase”meansyoucanfityourlifeintojustafewbagsandyoudon’townorrentalong-termapartment.Essentially,you’reanomad(流浪者).WhenIwasfourteenyearsold,mymomhadtheideaofdroppingeverythingtotraveltheworldandcreateacloserconnectionbetweenfamilymembers.AlthoughIabsolutelylovedtheidea,Icouldn’timagineleavingmyfriends,school,andallmybehindtotraveltheworldfull-timewithmyfamily.mysurprise,duringthetravel,wehavelearnedthemostimportantmomentsarewhenwelivehappymomentswithourfamilyandfriends.Aswetravel,webarelycarryanythingwithusexcepttheessentialthingslikeclothes,alaptop,notebooks,andtoiletries(洗漱用品).eachcarryabackpackandallfiveofussharetwosuitcasesforclothes.Afterbuyingnewsouvenirsornewclothes,wegivesomeofouroldoutfitsawaytopeopleinneedanditmakesussohappytobeabletogivebackwhereverwecan.Atthebeginning,itwasdifficultforustogetusedtoneverhavingacloset(衣櫥),constantlychanginghotelrooms,andneverfullyunpackingbeforewewerebackontheroad.Butovertimewehavelearnedtoappreciatethevalueofhavingless—thefreedomtoliveforexperiencesandthejoyoftraveling“l(fā)ight”inmind,body,andspirit.Manyofthewonderfulnewfriendswehavemadeonourjourneyhaveopenedoureyestohowluckyweare.havemetfamiliesinmanypartsoftheworldwholiveinsmallhomeswithnorunningwater,yettheyalwayshavehugesmilesandarewillingtosharewithus.nowknowthatexperiencesandmemoriesarethemostvaluablethingsinlifeandthattheycanonlybeacquiredwhenweletgoofourneedforpossessionsandfocusonwhatreallymattersinlife—enjoyingourliveseachdaywiththepeoplewelove.4.Whydidtheauthor’smomdecidetotraveltheworld?A.buildstrongerfamilybonds.B.escapetheircurrentlife.C.enrichtheirtravelexperiences.D.easetheworkpressure.5.Whatwastheauthor’sinitialfeelingabouttheideaoftravelingtheworld?A.Annoyedandfearful.B.Confusedbuthopeful.第3頁/共20頁C.Pleasedandexcited.D.Interestedbutdoubtful.6.Whatdidthefamilydowiththeiroldclothesafteracquiringnewones?A.Theydirectlythrewthemaway.B.Theykeptthemassouvenirs.C.Theydonatedthemtopeopleinneed.D.Theyexchangedthemwithlocalresidents.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.shouldletgoofeverysinglepossession.B.Materialwealthandpossessionsbringhappiness.C.Materialpossessionsshouldnotbeourultimategoal.D.Thefamilyusedtoplacetoomuchemphasisonwealth.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【解析】程中作者一家學(xué)會了珍惜少物的價值，體驗到了生活的自由和快樂，并意識到經(jīng)歷和回憶才是生活中最寶貴的東西。4題詳解】WhenIwasfourteenyearsold,mymomhadtheideaofdroppingeverythingtotraveltheworldandcreateacloserconnectionbetweenfamilymembers.(一切去環(huán)游世界的想法，想讓家庭成員之間建立更緊密的聯(lián)系。)”可知，作者的媽媽決定環(huán)游世界是為了加強(qiáng)家庭成員之間的聯(lián)系，即建立更牢固的家庭紐帶。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“AlthoughIabsolutelylovedtheidea,Icouldn’timagineleavingmyfriends,school,andallmybehindtotraveltheworldfull-timewithmyfamily.(雖然我非常喜歡這個想法，但我無法想象離開我的朋友、學(xué)校和我所有的‘東西’，和家人一起全職環(huán)游世界。)”可知，作者喜歡這個想法，但無法想象離開朋友、學(xué)校和所有的東西去環(huán)游世界，說明作者對環(huán)游世界的想法既感興趣但又懷疑。故選D項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Afterbuyingnewsouvenirsornewclothes,wegivesomeofouroldoutfitsawaytopeopleinneedanditmakesussohappytobeabletogivebackwhereverwecan.(買了新紀(jì)念品或新衣服后，我們會把一些舊衣服送給有需要的人，無論在哪里，我們都能回饋社會，這讓我們感到非常高興。)”可知，作者一家買了新衣服后，會把舊衣服送給有需要的人。故選C項。第4頁/共20頁【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“nowknowthatexperiencesandmemoriesarethemostvaluablethingsinlifeandthattheycanonlybeacquiredwhenweletgoofourneedforpossessionsandfocusonwhatreallymattersinlife—enjoyingourliveseachdaywiththepeoplewelove.(西，只有當(dāng)我們放下對物質(zhì)的追求，專注于生活中真正重要的事情——與我們所愛的人一起享受每一天的生活時，才能獲得它們。)”可知，作者一家現(xiàn)在知道經(jīng)歷和回憶是生活中最寶貴的東西，只有放下對物質(zhì)的追求，專注于生活中真正重要的事情時，才能獲得它們，由此可推知，物質(zhì)財富不應(yīng)該成為我們的最終目標(biāo)。故選C項。Whileweaimtoavoidanyappearanceofbaselesstheories,itisnoteworthytoobservethelong-standingpracticeofputtingmagnets(磁鐵)incows,aphenomenonthathasbeencarefullyunfoldingforyears.Whyarefarmersputtingmagnetsincows?Knownascowmagnets,thedevicesareplacedinsidecattletodealwith“hardwaredisease”.HardwareDiseaseoccursafterananimaleatsametallicobjectthatthenmakesaholeinthewallofthereticulum,thesecondstomachroominruminantanimals(反芻動物).Thisissuearisesfromthenaturaleatingbehaviorsoftheseruminants,similartoapersonatanunlimitedfoodevent—quicklyandeagerlylargebiteswithoutsufficientchewing.Thisfast-pacedfeedingapproachmakesthemtendtounintentionallyconsumemetalpiecesintheirfood,includingbrokenfarmmachineryparts,nailsandwiresusedinfencing,forinstance.Metalobjectsenteringthereticulummayresultininfections,increasedbodytemperatures,digestiveproblems,anduneasefortheanimals.addresshardwaredisease,themainstrategyistopreventmetalfromenteringthecattle’sdiet.Farmershavealsoadoptedthemethodofplacingcowmagnetsintothestomachusingeitherastomachtubeoraballinggun.Thecowmagnetattractssuchobjectsandpreventsthemfrombecomingfixedintheanimal’stissue.Thesemagnets,oncepositioned,remainwithintheanimalsthroughouttheirlifespan,onlybeingremovedafterdeathwhenthecowspassawayorareprocessedformeat.Moseley,aMedicineprofessor,statesinahardwarediseaseresource,“Themagnetgathersforeignmetallicobjects,reducingtheriskofmakingaholeinthereticulum.”Researchshowsamildmagneticfieldacow’ssmallbloodpathways,improvingcirculationandaidingrecoverywithoutsignificantimpactonthecowormilkquality.8.Whyaremagnetsfedtocows?A.changefeedinghabits.B.preventhardwaredisease.C.improvethemilkquality.D.enhancedigestivesystem.第5頁/共20頁9.Whatisthemaincauseofhardwarediseaseinruminantanimals?A.Eatingwithoutchewing.B.magnetsbymistake.C.Sufficientchewinghardfood.D.Swallowingmetalsaccidentally.10.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.describethehistoricalpracticeofputtingmagnetsincows.B.denytheadoptionofcowmagnetstoenhancecattlehealth.C.discusstheinfluenceofamildmagneticfieldonmilkquality.D.explainthereasonforusingmagnetstopreventhardwaredisease.Whatmightbealogicalcontinuationofthepassage?A.Exploringmorepotentialbenefitsofcowmagnets.B.Investigatingthebroaderapplicationsofmagnets.C.Discussingthealternativemethodsofcaringforcows.D.Evaluatingthelong-termofmagnetsonanimals.【答案】8.B9.D10.DA【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要解釋了在牛體內(nèi)放磁鐵這種做法的原因。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Knownascowmagnets,thedevicesareplacedinsidecattletodealwith‘hardwaredisease’.(這種被稱為牛磁鐵的設(shè)備被放置在牛體內(nèi)，以應(yīng)對‘創(chuàng)傷性胃炎’。)”和第三段中的“Metalobjectsenteringthereticulummayresultininfections,increasedbodytemperatures,digestiveproblems,anduneasefortheanimals.addresshardwaredisease,themainstrategyistopreventmetalfromenteringthecattle’sdiet.Farmershavealsoadoptedthemethodofplacingcowmagnetsintothestomachusingeitherastomachtubeoraballinggun.Thecowmagnetattractssuchobjectsandpreventsthemfrombecomingfixedintheanimal’stissue.(要策略是防止金屬進(jìn)入牛的飲食。農(nóng)民們還采用了將牛磁鐵放入胃里的方法，要么使用胃管，要么使用滾球槍。牛磁鐵吸引這些物體，防止它們固定在動物的組織中。)”可知，將牛磁鐵放置在牛體內(nèi)，可以吸引金屬物體，防止金屬固定在動物的組織里，從而預(yù)防創(chuàng)傷性胃炎。故選B。【9題詳解】Thisissuearisesfromthenaturaleatingbehaviorsoftheseruminants,similartoapersonatanunlimitedfoodevent—quicklyandeagerlylargebiteswithoutsufficientchewing.Thisfast-paced第6頁/共20頁feedingapproachmakesthemtendtounintentionallyconsumemetalpiecesintheirfood,includingbrokenfarmmachineryparts,nailsandwiresusedinfencing,forinstance.(這個問題源于這些反芻動物的自然進(jìn)食行為，類似于一個人在無限制的食物活動中——在沒有充分咀嚼的情況下快速而急切地大口進(jìn)食。這種快節(jié)奏的進(jìn)食方式使它們傾向于無意中吃掉食物中的金屬碎片，例如，包括破碎的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械零件、圍欄中使用的釘子和電線。)”可知，反芻動物得創(chuàng)傷性胃炎是因為它們在沒有充分咀嚼的情況下快速而急切地大口進(jìn)食，這會使它們無意中吃掉食物中的金屬碎片。故選D。【10題詳解】Whyarefarmersputtingmagnetsincows?(為什么農(nóng)民要在牛體內(nèi)放磁鐵？)”和第二段中的“Knownascowmagnets,thedevicesareplacedinsidecattletodealwith‘hardwaredisease’.(這種被稱為牛磁鐵的設(shè)備被放置在牛體內(nèi)，以應(yīng)對‘創(chuàng)傷性胃炎’。)”可知，本文主要解釋了在牛體內(nèi)放磁鐵預(yù)防創(chuàng)傷性胃炎這種做法的原因。故選D?！绢}詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Researchshowsamildmagneticfieldacow’ssmallbloodpathways,improvingcirculationandaidingrecoverywithoutsignificantimpactonthecowormilkquality.(研究表明，溫和的磁場會影響牛的小血液通路，改善血液循環(huán)，幫助恢復(fù)，而不會對牛或牛奶質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生重大影響。)”可知，在牛體內(nèi)放磁鐵除了能夠防止創(chuàng)傷性胃炎外，還能夠影響牛的小血液通路，改善血液循環(huán)，幫助恢復(fù)，而不會對牛或牛奶質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生重大影響，由此可推測出，接下來文章可能會談牛磁鐵的更多潛在好處。故選A。SoratobuMedaka,achildren’sbook,tellsthestoryoftinymedakafishridingonabirdtoadistantpond.Ithasdelightedchildren,butnowit’srevealedtobetrue.Researchershavelongstruggledtoexplainhowfishturnupinlakesfarfromotherbodiesofwater,amysteryevenCharlesDarwinnotedin1859,whenhesuggestedthataquatic(水生的)hatchlingsmightsticktothefeetofbirds,thoughhisbrightidearemainedatheory.In2019,Akifumi,abiologystudentthen,wonderedifDarwinmighthavebeenrightandfurtherwonderediffish-huntingbirdsmighttransportegg-bearingaquaticplantsstucktotheirfeet.testthis,hesetuptwopondsonemetreapart,onecontaining36plantsandtheotherwithout,bothequippedwithcameratraps.Aftersixmonths,someplantshadswitchedponds,andonecameracapturedabirdflyingawaywithaplantonitsfoot.Next,aimedtoseeiffisheggscouldweatherthejourneybeingcarriedoutofwater.Heattachedtinymedakaeggstoaquaticplantsandremovedthemforzeroto24hours—atfavorablehatchingconditions—beforereturningthem.InapaperinScienceofNature,Mr.reportsthatthemedakaeggscansuccessfullyhatchafterupto18第7頁/共20頁hoursoutofthewater.Eggswithoutaplantleaftoattachtorarelysurvivedafewhours.Thebigdropinsurvivalwasat16.3hours,whenhalftheeggsbecamelifeless.Whetheranyeggcouldsurvivethatlong,giventhatabird’saverageflight-speedisaround39kph,isdoubtful,saysMrsincewindexposureduringsuchalongjourneywoulddrythemout.Shorterjourneys,however,arecertainlypossible.Andsincemanyothermedaka-likespeciesarefoundthroughoutAsia,thechancesarehighthathitchhiking(搭便車)explainshowtheyhaveendedupinlakeswithseeminglynoconnectiontootherwaterbodies.again,itwouldseem,Darwin’stheoriesturnouttobecorrect.12.WhydoestheauthormentionDarwin’sidea?A.introduceanacademicterm.B.provideresearchbackground.C.questionawell-knowntheory.D.explorenewresearchmethods.13.Whatevidencedidfindtosupporthisassumption?A.Birdsflyingbetweenponds.B.Fisheggssurvivingonplants.C.Aplantgrowinginbothponds.D.Abirdcarryingaplantonitsfoot.14.Whatmayincreasemedakaeggs’survival?A.Birds’flyingroute.B.exposure.C.Supportingleaves.D.Longerjourneys.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Children’sbookinspiresresearch.B.Originoffishhasbeenuncovered.C.Fish’shitchridinghasbeenproven.D.Eggsandplantshaveacloserelation.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章通過講述一個兒童故事背后的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)，介紹了研究人員如何通過實驗驗證達(dá)爾文關(guān)于魚類可能通過鳥類傳播的理論。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchershavelongstruggledtoexplainhowfishturnupinlakesfarfromotherbodiesofwater,amysteryevenCharlesDarwinnotedin1859,whenhesuggestedthataquatic(水生的)hatchlingsmightsticktothefeetofbirds,thoughhisbrightidearemainedatheory.(長期以來，研究人員一直在努力解釋魚類是如何出現(xiàn)在遠(yuǎn)離其他水體的湖泊中的，甚至查爾斯·達(dá)爾文（CharlesDarwin）在1859年也注意到了這個謎，當(dāng)時他提出水生幼體可能粘在鳥類的腳上，盡管他的聰明想法仍然是一個理論)”以及第三段“In2019,Akifumi,abiologystudentthen,wonderedifDarwinmighthavebeenrightandfurtherwonderedif第8頁/共20頁fish-huntingbirdsmighttransportegg-bearingaquaticplantsstucktotheirfeet.(2019年，當(dāng)時的一名生物學(xué)學(xué)生Akifumi想知道達(dá)爾文是否正確，并進(jìn)一步想知道捕食魚類的鳥類是否會將產(chǎn)卵的水生植物粘在腳上)”可知，作者到達(dá)爾文的觀點是為了提供研究背景。故選B項。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Aftersixmonths,someplantshadswitchedponds,andonecameracapturedabirdflyingawaywithaplantonitsfoot.(物飛走了)”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只腳上銜著植物的鳥來支持他的假設(shè)。故選D項?！?4題詳解】InapaperinScienceofNature,Mr.reportsthatthemedakaeggscansuccessfullyhatchafterupto18hoursoutofthewater.Eggswithoutaplantleaftoattachtorarelysurvivedafewhours.Thebigdropinsurvivalwasat16.3hours,whenhalftheeggsbecamelifeless.(在發(fā)表于《自然科學(xué)》期刊的一篇論文中，Mr.報告稱，medaka的卵在脫離水體長達(dá)18小時后仍能成功孵化。而未附著在植物葉片上的魚卵，通常僅能存活數(shù)小時。尤為關(guān)鍵的是，在脫離水體16.3小時這一時間節(jié)點上，魚卵的存活率出現(xiàn)大幅下降——此時，半數(shù)魚卵已失去生命跡象)”可知，可附著得葉子提高medaka卵的存活率。故選C項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Shorterjourneys,however,arecertainlypossible.Andsincemanyothermedaka-likespeciesarefoundthroughoutAsia,thechancesarehighthathitchhiking(搭便車)explainshowtheyhaveendedupinlakeswithseeminglynoconnectiontootherwaterbodies.again,itwouldseem,Darwin’stheoriesturnouttobecorrect.(然而，更短的旅程當(dāng)然是可能的。而且，由于在亞洲各地發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多其他類似medaka的物種，搭便車很有可能解釋了它們最終如何進(jìn)入看似與其他水體沒有聯(lián)系的湖泊。達(dá)爾文的理論似乎又一次被證明是正確的)”以及縱觀全文可知，本文主要講述了魚類搭便車傳播的現(xiàn)象已被證實。故選C項。第二節(jié)共5小題；每小題分，滿分分)Inourbusylives,weoftenpassupchancesforjoy.mightskipabirthdaypartyorcancelalunchdate,thinkingit’snotworththetrouble.Butthisusuallymakesusfeelevenmoredownlater.Thesecrettochangingthisistostrengthen“rewardsensitivity”.____16____Rewardsensitivityislikeamuscle.Itcangrowstrongerwithregularpractice.Whenwetrainourselvestonoticeandvaluepositiveemotions,wecanbecomehappier.____17____Theyoftenstruggletofeelpleasure,a第9頁/共20頁conditioncalledanhedonia(unabletoexperiencejoy).A2023studyshowedthattherapyfocusingonpositiveemotionshelpsmentalhealthmorethantreatmentsjustreducingnegativesymptoms.Agreatwaytostrengthenrewardsensitivityistoplanasmall,funactivitydaily.____18____Describeitindetail,focusingonthefeelingsandexperiences.Thispractice,knownas“savoring(盡情享受),”makespositivefeelingsstrongerandgivesyoumoremotivationtoseeksimilarexperiencesinthefuture.____19____.Insteadofsimplylabelinganexperience“good”,usemoreprecisewordslike“thrilled,”“inspired,or“peaceful”.Sharingpositivemomentswithotherscanmakethesemomentsevenmoremeaningful,strengtheningsocialbondsandspreadinghappiness.It’simportanttorememberthatembracinghappinessdoesn’tmeanignoringpain.____20____Byusingthesestrategiesinyourdailylife,youcancultivateastrongersenseofrewardsensitivityandchangehowyouexperienceandpursuehappiness.A.Afterward,takeamomenttorecalltheexperience.B.It’stheabilitytofindandtrulyenjoypositiveexperiences.C.oftenavoidsuchactivities,whichmakeourmooddecline.D.Thisisespeciallyimportantforthosewithdepressionoranxiety.E.Thispracticehelpsyoubetterunderstandandenjoypositivefeelings.F.Despitelife’schallenges,feelingjoyhelpsrestorebalanceandtoughness.G.Beyondsavoring,expandingyouremotionalvocabularycanalsohelp.【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了如何通過增強(qiáng)“獎勵敏感性”來培養(yǎng)幸福感?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thesecrettochangingthisistostrengthen“rewardsensitivity”.(改變這種狀況的秘密是增強(qiáng)“獎勵敏感性”)”可知，空處需要解釋什么是“獎勵敏感性”，B選項“它是發(fā)現(xiàn)和真正享受積極體驗的能力”符合語境，對“獎勵敏感性”進(jìn)行了明確的定義和解釋。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Theyoftenstruggletofeelpleasure,aconditioncalledanhedonia(無法體驗快樂).(他們常常難以感受到快樂，這種狀況被稱為快感缺失)”可知，空處提到的人群可能存在某種心理問題，D選項“這對于那些患有抑郁癥或焦慮癥的人來說尤為重要”與上文形成銜接，指出了這類人群在獎勵敏感性方面的特殊需求。故選D。第10頁/共20頁【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Agreatwaytostrengthenrewardsensitivityistoplanasmall,funactivitydaily.(增強(qiáng)獎勵敏感性的一個好方法是每天計劃一個小而有趣的活動)”可知，空處應(yīng)該描述活動結(jié)束后的做法，A選項“之后，花點時間回憶一下這個經(jīng)歷”符合語境，指出了活動結(jié)束后應(yīng)該進(jìn)行回憶和反思。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Insteadofsimplylabelinganexperience“good”,usemoreprecisewordslike“thrilled”,“inspired”,or“peaceful”.(或“平靜”。)”可知，空處應(yīng)該提到與情感詞匯相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，G選項“除了盡情享受，擴(kuò)展你的情感詞匯也能有所幫助”符合語境，引出了后文關(guān)于使用更精確情感詞匯的建議。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“It’simportanttorememberthatembracinghappinessdoesn’tmeanignoringpain.(重要的是要記住，擁抱幸福并不意味著忽視痛苦)”可知，應(yīng)該說明盡管生活中有挑戰(zhàn)，但感受快樂仍然有其重要意義，F(xiàn)選項“盡管生活充滿挑戰(zhàn)，但感受快樂有助于恢復(fù)平衡和堅韌”符合語境，強(qiáng)調(diào)了快樂在生活中的積極作用。故選F。第三部分語言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題；每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Untilmythirdyearincollege,Iwasstillcluelessaboutmyvisionandgoals.Fortunately,anaccident____21____metoreflectonmylife.ItwasacoldDecembereveningasIwalkedalongthestreet.Suddenly,ahigh-speedbus____22____asmallcar.Thedriverwaspinnedinhisseatbytheforceofthe____23____.Acrowdquickly____24____aroundthescene,yet____25____,nooneseemedtobetakingaction.Irushedtothecarto____26____thedriver’scondition.Hewasinblood.Icalledouttotheonlookersfor____27____inremovinghimfromthecarandgently____28____himontheroad.Iwasupsettolearnthatnoambulancewas____29____atthatmoment.Therefore,wedecidedtotransporthimtothehospitalinanearby____30____.Ontheway,Ikeptcomfortinghim.Unfortunately,withinashortperiod,hisbreathing____31____.Atthehospital,thedoctors____32____theworst:hehadpassedaway.ThiswasthefirsttimeIhadwitnesseddeathsoclosely.Iunderstoodthe____33____ofpublicservicesandthevalueoflife.Thatdaymarkedaturningpointformeandshowedmethe____34____oflife.I____35____toshiftmycareerpathandbeganpreparingfortheCivilServiceexams,aimingtoservesocietymoreeffectively.第11頁/共20頁21.A.forbadeB.requiredC.motivatedD.forced22.A.passedbyB.caughtupC.turnedintoD.crashedinto23.A.impactB.explosionC.windD.fall24.A.gatheredB.wanderedC.droveD.sat25.A.undoubtedlyB.admittedlyC.inspiringlyD.surprisingly26.A.ignoreB.assessC.changeD.criticize27.A.investmentB.informationC.assistanceD.permission28.A.placedB.rockedC.threwD.beat29.A.chaoticB.comfortableC.affordableD.available30.A.containerB.vehicleC.hotelD.restaurant31.A.ceasedB.quickenedC.stabilizedD.recovered32.A.experiencedB.confirmedC.deniedD.saved33.A.categoriesB.arrangementsC.limitationsD.prospects34.A.signB.joyC.beginningD.purpose35.A.failedB.hesitatedC.resolvedD.continued【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者通過一次偶然的交通事故，深刻反思生命意義，并決定投身公共服務(wù)以更好地服務(wù)社會?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，一次意外促使我反思自己的人生。A.forbade禁止；B.required要求；C.motivatedD.forcedmetoreflectonmylife思自己的人生，表示這次意外激發(fā)了作者的思考，故選C。【22題詳解】A.passedby經(jīng)過；B.caughtup趕上；C.turnedinto變成；D.crashedintoasmallcar”及“Thedriverwaspinnedinhisseat”可知，司機(jī)被困在座位上，由此可推斷出是公交車撞上了小汽車，故選D。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：司機(jī)被撞擊的力量困在座位上。A.impact影響，撞擊力；B.explosion爆炸；C.第12頁/共20頁windD.fallahigh-speedbus2asmallcar力量，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一群人很快聚集在事故現(xiàn)場周圍，然而，令人驚訝的是，似乎沒有人采取行動。A.gathered聚集；B.wandered徘徊；C.drove駕駛；D.sat坐。根據(jù)后文“aroundthescene”可知，發(fā)生事故后人們會聚集到現(xiàn)場，所以這里是一群人迅速聚集在事故現(xiàn)場周圍，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一群人很快聚集在事故現(xiàn)場周圍，然而，令人驚訝的是，似乎沒有人采取行動。A.undoubtedly無疑地；B.admittedly誠然；C.inspiringly鼓舞人心地；D.surprisingly令人驚訝地。根據(jù)后文“nooneseemedtobetakingaction”可知，沒有人采取行動讓作者感到驚訝，故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我沖向汽車去評估司機(jī)的狀況。A.ignore忽視；B.assess評估；C.change改變；D.criticize批評。根據(jù)后文“thedriver’scondition”以及“Hewasinblood.”可知，作者沖向汽車是為了評估判定司機(jī)的狀況，故選B。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我向圍觀者呼救，請求幫忙把他從車?yán)锞瘸鰜?，并輕輕地把他放在路上。A.investment投資；B.information信息；C.assistance幫助；D.permissioninremovinghimfromthecar”可知，作者一個人無法把司機(jī)從車?yán)锞瘸鰜?，所以向圍觀者請求幫助，故選C?！?8題詳解】A.placed放置；B.rocked搖晃；C.threw扔；D.beatremovinghimfromthecar”以及后文“himontheroad”可知，作者和旁觀者一起把司機(jī)輕輕地放路上，故選A?！?9題詳解】A.chaoticB.comfortable舒適的；C.affordable買得起的；D.available可獲得的，可用的。根據(jù)前文“Iwasupsettolearn”及后文“wedecidedtotransporthimtothehospitalinanearby10可用，故選D。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，我們決定用附近的一輛車把他送到醫(yī)院。A.containerB.vehicle車輛；C.hotel旅館；D.restaurant餐館。根據(jù)前文“transporthimtothehospital”可知，沒有救護(hù)車可用，所以作者一行人決定用附近的一輛車把司機(jī)送到醫(yī)院，故選B。第13頁/共20頁【31題詳解】A.ceasedB.quickened加C.stabilizedD.recoveredhehadpassedaway他的呼吸停止了，故選A?！?2題詳解】A.experienced經(jīng)歷；B.confirmedC.deniedD.savedhehadpassedaway世這個事實，所以是醫(yī)生證實了最壞的情況，故選B。【33題詳解】A.categories類別；B.arrangements安排；C.limitations局限性；D.prospectsnoambulancewas9atthatmoment”可知，當(dāng)時沒有救護(hù)車可用，這讓作者意識到了公共服務(wù)的局限性，故選C?！?4題詳解】A.signB.joyC.beginningD.purposeThatdaymarkedaturningpointforme”以及“thevalueoflife”可知，這次經(jīng)歷對作者來說是一個轉(zhuǎn)折點，讓作者明白了生命的意義，故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我決定改變我的職業(yè)道路，并開始準(zhǔn)備公務(wù)員考試，目的是更有效地服務(wù)社會。A.failedB.hesitatedC.resolvedD.continuedtoshiftmycareerpathandbeganpreparingfortheCivilServiceexams選C。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheChinaImageandCompetition,hostedbytheChineseNationalGeography,haslongbeen____36____eventofgreatsignificanceinthefieldofwildlifedocumentation.AtanawardsceremonyrecentlyheldinBeijing,17remarkableimagesandvideos,which____37____(select)fromover37,600submissionsglobally,deeplyattractedtheaudience.Thecompetition,____38____(theme)“SpiritualityofMountainsandSeas”thisyear,aimstoenhancepublicawarenessofwildlifeandecologicalconservation.Amongtheaward-winning____39____(entry),theworkofJiaHaining’steamonOrientalstorks(東方白鸛)intheRiverDeltastoodout____40____(noticeable).Their第14頁/共20頁delicatepieceofartbeautifullydemonstratedtheregion’secologicalharmonyandspecies____41____(diverse).filmthedynamicmoment____42____thebirdslefttheirneststheyarrivedatthefilmingsiteasearlyas4:30am.Andtheywaitedpatientlyforalmosttwomonths____43____theyoungstorks’firstflight!Thejudgespraisedtheirworkasabreathtakingsymphonyoflife.Additionally,specialawardsformobilephotographyandsocialmediaengagementwereintroducedtoencourage____44____(broad)publicparticipation.Thecompetition,asDr.JaneGoodallnoted,hasthepowertoinspirepeople,especiallythosewhorarelyhavetheopportunitytoexperiencenaturefirsthand,____45____(reconnect)withthenaturalworld.【答案】36.an37.wereselected38.themed39.entries40.noticeably41.diversity42when43.for44.broader45.toreconnect【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是由中國國家地理主辦的中國野生動物影像和視頻大賽的情況?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：由《中國國家地理》主辦的“中國野生動物影像錄像大賽”一直是野生動物文獻(xiàn)記錄領(lǐng)eventevent是元音音素開頭，因此不定冠詞用an，故填an?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)，被動語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：最近在北京舉行的頒獎典禮上，從全球超過37,600份參賽作品中選出了17張出色的圖片和視頻，深深吸引了觀眾。圖片和視頻是被選擇，由attracted可知句子時態(tài)是一般which指代的先行詞17remarkableimagesandvideos是復(fù)數(shù)，因此空格處是wereselected。故填wereselected。【38題詳解】SpiritualityofMountainsandSeas和生態(tài)保護(hù)的意識。句中謂語是aims，空格處用非謂語動詞，competition和theme之間是邏輯動賓關(guān)系，第15頁/共20頁因此空格處用過去分詞表被動，作后置定語，故填themed。【39題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：在獲獎作品中，JiaHaining團(tuán)隊關(guān)于黃河三角洲東方鸛的作品引人注目。entry是可數(shù)名詞，不止一個，因此空格處用復(fù)數(shù)，故填entries。【40題詳解】JiaHaining飾動詞短語stoodout，noticeable的副詞是noticeably，意為“顯著地，引人注目地”，故填noticeably?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：他們精致的藝術(shù)品精美地展示了該地區(qū)的生態(tài)和諧和物種多樣性?？崭裉幱妹~作賓語，diverse的名詞是diversity，是不可數(shù)名詞，意為“多樣性”。故填diversity?！?2題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：為了拍攝這些鳥離開巢穴的動態(tài)瞬間，他們早在凌晨4:30就到達(dá)了拍攝地點?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是限制性定語從句，從句中不缺主語或賓語，先行詞moment是時間，因此用關(guān)系副詞when，故填when?！?3題詳解】waitfor因此空格處用介詞for，故填for?！?4題詳解】考查比較級。句意：此外，還設(shè)立了手機(jī)攝影和社交媒體參與特別獎，以鼓勵更廣泛的公眾參與。根據(jù)語broaderbroader?！?5題詳解】JaneGoodall親身體驗大自然的人，重新與自然世界建立聯(lián)系的力量。inspiresb.todosth.是固定短語，意為“激勵某人做某事”，因此空格處是不定式toreconnect，故填toreconnect。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（滿分分）46.醫(yī)院，并談?wù)勀銓I醫(yī)療的看法：1.醫(yī)院基本信息（成立時間/2.主要功能與技術(shù)優(yōu)勢；第16頁/共20頁3.你的觀點。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】UniversityhasopenedanAIHospitaltoimprovehealthcarethroughtechnology.ByusingtheZijingAIDoctor,itcandiagnose300+diseaseswith93%accuracy,especiallyhelpingruralareaswithfewerdoctors.TheAIworks100timesfasterinvirtualtrainingandsupportshumandoctorsincheckingsymptomsandtreatments.However,doctors’empathyremainsirreplaceableaccordingtoDeanInmyview,AIhospitalsmakemedicalservicesquickerandcheaper.Althoughsomeworryaboutprivacy,strictdataprotectiongivesmeconfidence.IbelievecombiningAIwithhumancarewillcreateahealthierfuture.【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇是應(yīng)用文寫作。學(xué)校英文報正在舉辦主題征文活動，要求考生寫一篇短文介紹清華大學(xué)人工智能醫(yī)院，并談?wù)勀銓I醫(yī)療的看法：【詳解】1.詞匯積累提高：improve→promote診斷：diagnose→identify幫助：help→assist結(jié)