內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)赤峰市紅山區(qū)赤峰第四中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期5月期中英語試題 含解析

赤峰四中2023-2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期月考試題高二英語本試卷共四部分；滿分150分；時(shí)間：120分鐘第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhenwillthecouplearriveinNewYork?A.At4:55.B.At5:05.C.At5:15.2.Whichcoatwillthemanbuy?A.Thebluecoat.B.Theredcoat.C.Bothofthem.3.HowmanytimeshasthemanbeentoChina?A.Once.B.Twice.C.Threetimes.4.Howdidthewomangettotownthismorning?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.5.Whereistheman’smobilephone?A.Onthetable.B.Ontopofthefridge.C.Inhismom’shandbag.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatkindofrosesdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Redroses.B.Yellowroses.C.Blueroses.7.Howmuchwillthemanpayfortheroses?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthemaneatlastnight?A.Cerealwithmilkandabanana.B.Fishandnoodles.C.Noodlesandabanana.9.Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodonext?A.Havesomerest.B.Takesomemedicine.C.Seeadoctor.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoweknowabouttheaccident?A.Itcausedamantodie.B.Itoccurredintheevening.C.Twodriverswerehurt.11.Whatdidthemanthinkcausedtheaccident?A.Badweather.B.Carelessdriving.C.Speeding.12.Whendidthewomanfallasleepagain?A.At2:00am.B.At4:00am.C.At9:00am.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandapplicant.B.Reporterandinterviewee.C.Bossandemployee.14.Whydidn’tLucygotocollegeafterfinishinghighschool?A.Becauseshehadpoorgrades.B.Becauseshehadtolookafterhersisters.C.Becauseshecouldn’taffordit.15.WhichmajordoesLucywanttostudyincollege?A.Sports.B.Biology.C.Science.16.WhenwillLucygetfeedbackfromtheman?A.Inabout2days.B.Inabout7days.C.Inabout14days.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhenwillthevisitorsgettotheLondonEyetomorrow?A.At9:30am.B.At10:10am.C.At10:40am.18.Howmuchwillthevisitorspayfortheirlunch?A.About￡10.B.About￡20.C.About￡30.19.Wherewillthevisitorsgotomorrowafternoon?A.CoventGarden.B.TheScienceMuseum.C.ThePiccadillyTheatre.20.Whatwillthevisitorsdoafterdinner?A.Goshopping.B.Seea3Dfilm.C.Enjoyashow.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)AIfyouwanttoknowsomethingaboutBritishlife,theirspirit,andeventheirhumor,watchingsomeclassicBritishfilmswillcertainlyhelp.Herearesomerecommendedtoyou.NottingHillAfterthesuccessofhisfilmFourWeddingsandaFuneral,writerandproducerRichardCurtiscapturedtheessenceofbeingBritishin1999’sNottingHill.Setagainstthebackgroundofaffluent(富足的)WestLondon,thefilmbecamepopularforitscharmingandfunnyportrayal(刻畫)ofaBritishnobodytryingtoimpressaHollywoodstar.TheFullMontyThis1997filmisaSheffield-basedcomedyaboutsixunemployedmenwhoformagrouptomakemoneyforabetterlife.Despiteitshummer,thefilmdivesdeeperintosomeseriousissuessurroundingworking-classculture.TheFullMontyisanupliftingfilmthatgivesaninsightintotheworkandlifeoftheworkingclassinBritain.TrainspottingDannyBoyle’s1996comedy-dramaTrainspottingisaboutagroupofScotsinthe1980s,basedonthebookbyIrvineWelsh.WithacastoftrulygreatactorsincludingEwanMeGregor,thetaleimpressedtheaudienceglobally.Itrapidlybecameacriticalsuccess.MontyPython’sLifeofBrianFeaturingajam-packedcastofcomedicstars.MontyPython’sLifeofBriantellsthestoryofayoungmanwhoisinacaseofmistakenidentity.ThefilmreflectstheunusualandwonderfulBritishsenseofhumour.Asafilmguaranteedtoentertain,MontyPythonsLifeofBrianisnottobemissedbythoselookingforaninsightintowhatmakestheBritishlaugh.1.WhatcantheaudiencelearnaboutbywatchingTheFullMonty?A.Hardshipsofcomedicstars B.DailylifeofpeopleinWestLondonC.UniqueexperiencesofsomeScots. D.LifeoftheBritishworkingclass.2.WhatkindoffilmdoesMontyPython’sLifeofBrianbelongto?A.Acomedyfilm. B.Asciencefictionfilm.C.Anactionmovie D.Ahorrormovie.3.Whichofthefollowingfilmsisadaptedfromabook?A.NottingHill. B.TheFullMonty.C.Trainspotting. D.MontyPython’sLifeofBrian.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了有助于了解英國人的生活和精神，甚至他們的幽默的4部經(jīng)典的英國電影?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFullMonty部分“TheFullMontyisanupliftingfilmthatgivesaninsightintotheworkandlifeoftheworkingclassinBritain.(《歡樂滿月》是一部令人振奮的電影，它深入了解了英國工人階級的工作和生活。)”可知，觀眾觀看TheFullMonty，能從中了解到英國工人階級的工作和生活。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)MontyPython’sLifeofBrian部分“Featuringajam-packedcastofcomedicstars,MontyPython’sLifeofBriantellsthestoryofayoungmanwhoisinacaseofmistakenidentity.ThefilmreflectstheunusualandwonderfulBritishsenseofhumour.Asafilmguaranteedtoentertain,MontyPython’sLifeofBrianisnottobemissedbythoselookingforaninsightintowhatmakestheBritishlaugh.(巨蟒劇團(tuán)的《布萊恩的一生》匯聚了一眾喜劇明星，講述了一個被認(rèn)錯身份的年輕人的故事。這部電影反映了英國人獨(dú)特而精彩的幽默感。作為一部保證娛樂的電影，巨蟒劇團(tuán)的《布萊恩的一生》是那些想要了解英國人笑點(diǎn)的人不容錯過的。)”可知，這部電影中，喜劇明星云集，反映了英國人獨(dú)特而精彩的幽默感，所以屬于喜劇電影。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Trainspotting部分“DannyBoyle’s1996comedy-dramaTrainspottingisaboutagroupofScotsinthe1980s,basedonthebookbyIrvineWelsh.(丹尼·博伊爾1996年的喜劇Trainspotting是根據(jù)歐文·威爾士的小說改編的，講述了20世紀(jì)80年代一群蘇格蘭人的故事。)”可知，rainspotting是根據(jù)歐文·威爾士的小說改編而來的一部電影，故選C。BInApril2008,Icameacrossanessayaboywithautism(自閉癥)hadwrittenwhenhewas14.Iwasimpressed.Ithoughttherewaspotentialforadocumentary.Thedirectoragreed.“Findtheboy!”hesaid.Acoupleofmonthslater,Ifoundhim,Anton.Soitbegan-afilmaboutAnton’stransformation.Atleast,that’swhatIthoughtatthetime.Duringfilming,Ihelpedputhimintodifferenthospitalsandcampsfortreatmentandwebecameclose.Therewerelotsofunforgettablemoments.Irememberonevisitwhenwesattogether,talkingquietlyandeatingfoodI’dmade.Thenitwastimeformetogo.Withoutsayingaword,Antonstoodupandstartedtobanghisheadagainstthewall.BAM.BAM.Bloodstreameddownhisface.Atthatmoment,lookingatthedespaironAnton’sface,Irecognizedmyself.WhatIrecognizedwasanemotionalabundanceinhimthatIhadmyself.LikeAnton,Iwasoverthetop.IfIlovedsomeone,Ilovedthemcompletely.IfIwasupset,Iletitshow.ButunlikeAnton,I’dlearnedtoeditemotionsasiftheywereafilm.Butlately,Iwaswakingupinthemorningwithoneterrifyingthought:“WhoamI?”Antonhelpedmetoanswerthis.Hewastheonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutanyholdingbackandwholovedmethesameway.ThefilmAnton’sRightHerewasreleasedinOctober2012andshownatfilmfestivalsinRussiawhereitreceivedprizesatseveralmajorRussianfilmfestivals.AfterthefilmwasshownbytheFirstTVChannel-Russia’smainTVchannel-lettersflowedin.Autisticindividualsandtheirfamiliesneededhelp.That’swhentheideaofafoundationbegantotakeshapeinmymind.Thefoundation,calledAnton’sRightHere,officiallyopenedinDecember2013.It’sRussia’sfirst-evercentreforadultswithautism.ItkeepshelpingpeoplewithautismlikeAnton.Whenwestartedtofilm,Antonwas19.He’snow31.I’mstillverymuchapartofhislife.Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit’sliketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn.4.WhydidthewriterwanttofindAnton?A.SheintendedtomakeafilmaboutAnton. B.ShesawAnton’spotentialtobeawriter.C.ShewantedtotransformAnton’slife. D.Shewasaskedtodosobythedirector.5.WhydidAntonhurthimselfduringavisit?A.Hewaslostforwords. B.Hisconditionwasgettingworse.C.Hetendedtolosehistemperfornoreason. D.Hedidnotwantthewritertoleave.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthedocumentaryfromthepassage?A.Ittook5yearstoshoot. B.Itarousedlittlesocialconcern.C.AfoundationofthesamenamewasestablishedbyAnton. D.Shootingitmadeadifferencetothewriter’slife.7.WhatlessondidthewriterlearnfromAnton?A.Howtodealwithautism. B.Howtoeditheremotions.C.Howtoloveandbeloved. D.Howtolivelifetothefullest.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。作者拍攝了一部關(guān)于一名名叫安東自閉癥患者的紀(jì)錄片，這個紀(jì)錄片帶來了巨大的社會反響，并且作者從安東身上學(xué)到了如何愛與被愛?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Ithoughttherewaspotentialforadocumentary.”(我覺得有可能拍成紀(jì)錄片。)可知，作者想找到安東是因?yàn)樗肱囊徊筷P(guān)于安東的電影。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Thenitwastimeformetogo.”(然后我就該走了。)和最后一句“Hewastheonlypersoninmylifewholetmelovewithoutanyholdingbackandwholovedmethesameway.”(他是我生命中唯一一個讓我毫無保留地去愛的人，也是唯一一個同樣愛我的人。)可知，安東在一次拜訪中自殘是因?yàn)椴幌胱髡唠x開。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit’sliketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn.”(用他那未經(jīng)編輯的情感，安東每天都在提醒我什么是真正的、毫無保留的被愛，以及被愛的回報(bào)。)可知，拍攝這部紀(jì)錄片改變了這位作者的生活。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“Withhisuneditedemotions,Antonremindsmeeverydayofwhatit’sliketobereally,unreservedlylovedandtolovebackinreturn.”(用他那未經(jīng)編輯的情感，安東每天都在提醒我什么是真正的、毫無保留的被愛，以及被愛的回報(bào)。)可知，作者從安東身上學(xué)到了如何愛與被愛。故選C。CForthosewhocanstomachit,workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen’sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陳代謝的)ratesandtooksamples(樣品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists’lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheory,shouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen’sbloodandfattissue.Thentheycomparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白質(zhì))thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.8.Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“______”.A.digestthemealeasily B.managewithoutbreakfastC.decidewiselywhattoeat D.eatwhateverisoffered9Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment?A.Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B.Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C.Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D.Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.10.Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise?A.Theysuccessfullylostweight. B.Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C.Theyburnedmorefatonaverage. D.Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.11.Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch?A.Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B.Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C.Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D.Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究，結(jié)果表明對于那些能忍受的人來說，不吃早餐鍛煉可能對健康更有益?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)下文workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst可知，早餐前鍛煉可能比先吃飯?jiān)馘憻拰】蹈幸?，因此推斷這里說的是那些不吃早飯先鍛煉的人，因此推斷劃線詞與B項(xiàng)“不吃早飯能應(yīng)付”意思相近。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.可知，他們首先找到了10個超重的，不活躍但健康的年輕人，他們的生活方式可以說更好，也可以說更糟，代表了我們大多數(shù)人。因此可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)選擇的10個人的生活方式代表了普通人。故選A。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand.theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.可知，結(jié)果，他們空腹散步時(shí)燃燒的脂肪比他們首先吃東西時(shí)所燃燒的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他們在早餐后鍛煉時(shí)燃燒的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，鍛煉前吃早飯消耗更多一點(diǎn)的熱量。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.可知，這些結(jié)果的暗示，為了從運(yùn)動中獲得最大的健康益處，先不吃東西可能更明智。因此推斷早飯前的體育鍛煉對健康更有益。故選D。DWhenresearchersfoundahummingbirdwithshinygoldfeathersonitsthroatinPeru’sCordilleraAzulNationalPark,theythoughtitwasanewlydiscoveredspecies.AfterconductingaDNAanalysisofthebird,researchersmadeasurprisingdiscoverythatitwasahybridthatresultedfromtworelatedpinkhummingbirdspecies.However,theyfoundthegold-throatedhummingbirdwasn’ttheresultofanevengeneticsplit(分離).Sinceit’srareforhummingbirdsofthesamespeciestohavesuchwildlydifferentthroatfeathers,theresearchersdiveddeeperintothemysteryofthegoldfeathersonthehybridspecies.“It’salittlelikecooking:Ifyoumixsaltandwater,youkindofknowwhatyou’regonnaget,butmixingtwocomplexrecipestogethermightgivemoreunpredictableresults,”saidstudycoauthorChadEliason,FieldMuseumseniorresearchscientist,inastatement.“Thishybridisamixoftwocomplexrecipesforafeatherfromitstwoparentspecies.”Thebasecoloroffeatherscomesfrompigment(色素),butfeathercellstructureandthewaylightreflectsoffthefeatherscreatestructuralcolor.Itisthisstructuralcolorthatgeneratesthecolourfulnatureofhummingbirdfeathers.Theresearchershopetheirworkinspiresotherstokeepaneyeoutforpotentialhybridspeciesofhummingbirds,Mauro,acuratorofbirdsatChicago’sFieldMuseumsaid.“Newtoolslikegeneticdataopenupnewunderstandingofhowtheseeventshappenacrossgeographyandtime,”Maurosaid.“OnequestionwewanttolookintointheregioninPeruwherethisstudywasdoneishowthiscomplexfoothilllandscapehasevolvedthroughtimeandwhatrolethosechangeshaveplayedindiversificationofbirdsandotherorganisms.”12.Whatcanweknowaboutthegold-throatedhummingbird?A.Itisaforeignspecies. B.Itsfeathersreflectoffmorelight.C.Itisarelativetoknownspecies. D.Itsthroatisdifferentinstructure.13.Whydoesthestudycoauthormention“cooking”inparagraph2?A.Tointroduceatopic. B.Togiveanexample.C.Topresentanissue. D.Toexplainaphenomenon.14.Whatdirectlyresultsinhummingbirds’colourfulfeathers?A.Thebasecolor. B.Thepigment.C.Thefeathercellstructure. D.Thestructrualcolor.15.Whatisthewriterlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph?A.Wherethestudyiscarriedout.B.Hownewtoolsareusedintheresearch.C.Theroleoflandscapechangesinbirds’evolution.D.Themethodofidentifyingthegold-throatedhummingbird.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了研究人員在秘魯?shù)目频侠绽⑻K爾國家公園發(fā)現(xiàn)一種喉嚨上有閃亮金色羽毛的蜂鳥，發(fā)現(xiàn)是兩種相關(guān)的粉紅色蜂鳥的雜交產(chǎn)物，從而引起科學(xué)家們對激勵其他人關(guān)注蜂鳥潛在的雜交物種?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AfterconductingaDNAanalysisofthebird,researchersmadeasurprisingdiscoverythatitwasahybridthatresultedfromtworelatedpinkhummingbirdspecies.(在對這種鳥進(jìn)行DNA分析后，研究人員有了一個驚人的發(fā)現(xiàn)，它是兩種相關(guān)的粉紅色蜂鳥的雜交產(chǎn)物)”以及第二段中“Thishybridisamixoftwocomplexrecipesforafeatherfromitstwoparentspecies.(這種雜交鳥是由兩種復(fù)雜的羽毛配方混合而成的，它們來自兩個親本物種)”可知，關(guān)于金喉蜂鳥是已知物種的近親。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sinceit’srareforhummingbirdsofthesamespeciestohavesuchwildlydifferentthroatfeathers,theresearchersdiveddeeperintothemysteryofthegoldfeathersonthehybridspecies.“It’salittlelikecooking:Ifyoumixsaltandwater,youkindofknowwhatyou’regonnaget,butmixingtwocomplexrecipestogethermightgivemoreunpredictableresults,”saidstudycoauthorChadEliason,FieldMuseumseniorresearchscientist,inastatement.“Thishybridisamixoftwocomplexrecipesforafeatherfromitstwoparentspecies.”(由于同一物種的蜂鳥很少有如此截然不同的喉嚨羽毛，研究人員深入研究了雜交物種上金色羽毛的奧秘?！斑@有點(diǎn)像烹飪:如果你把鹽和水混合在一起，你大概知道你會得到什么，但把兩種復(fù)雜的食譜混合在一起可能會得到更不可預(yù)測的結(jié)果，”研究合著者、菲爾德博物館高級研究科學(xué)家查德·埃利亞松在一份聲明中說?！斑@種雜交鳥是由兩種復(fù)雜的羽毛配方混合而成的，它們來自兩個親本物種?！?”可推知，該研究的合著者在第2段中提到了“烹飪”是為了用混合食譜的例子來說明雜交物種上金色羽毛的奧秘。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Thebasecoloroffeatherscomesfrompigment,butfeathercellstructureandthewaylightreflectsoffthefeatherscreatestructuralcolor.Itisthisstructuralcolorthatgeneratesthecolourfulnatureofhummingbirdfeathers.(羽毛的底色來自色素，但羽毛細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)和光線從羽毛上反射的方式創(chuàng)造了結(jié)構(gòu)色。正是這種結(jié)構(gòu)顏色造就了蜂鳥羽毛的色彩)”可知，是羽毛細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)和光線從羽毛上反射的方式創(chuàng)造了結(jié)構(gòu)色，所以結(jié)構(gòu)色直接導(dǎo)致了蜂鳥彩色的羽毛。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“OnequestionwewanttolookintointheregioninPeruwherethisstudywasdoneishowthiscomplexfoothilllandscapehasevolvedthroughtimeandwhatrolethosechangeshaveplayedindiversificationofbirdsandotherorganisms.(在秘魯進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究的地區(qū)，我們想要研究的一個問題是，這種復(fù)雜的山麓景觀是如何隨著時(shí)間的推移而演變的，這些變化在鳥類和其他生物的多樣化中發(fā)揮了什么作用)”可推知，接下來一段可能會講述景觀變化在鳥類進(jìn)化中的作用。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出最能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)是多余的。TreatmentofMotionSicknessWhetheryoutravelbyplane,car,trainorboat,ifyou’veexperiencedmotionsickness,youknowhoweasilyitcanmakeyourtripunpleasant.Motionsicknesscancausedizziness,uneasinessorthrowingup.____16____.Eatsmallmeals____17____.Butdoctorsrecommendeatingsmaller,morefrequentmeals.Althoughtheoptionscanbeverylimitedwhenyou’retraveling,avoidsalty,hotorfattyfoodsbeforeandduringyourtravel.Beawareofsituationsthatcausesymptoms(癥狀)Doyougetsickwhenyou’reridinginthesecondorthirdrowofanSUV?AreyouOKonatrain,buttendtofeelsickonabus?____18____.Inacarorbus,forinstance,sittingtowardsthefrontmayhelp.Onatrain,faceforward,avoidingseatsthatfacebackward.Ifyou’reflying,sitclosetothewingoftheplane.Lookatthehorizon(地平線)Fortravelbyboat,car,trainorbus,lookingtowardthehorizonmayhelppreventmotionsickness.Peoplewhohavemotionsicknesstendtohavemorebodysway(晃動)whilestanding.____19____.Ifyouareonaboat,movingyourfeetwiderapartmayalsoreducebodysway.____20____Itmaybeappealingtocatchuponworkorsinkintoagoodbook,butreadingorusingadevicelikeacomputershouldbeavoided,Thebalancecenterinyourinnerearsensesmovement,butthewordsonthescreenorpagearestill.Thesemixedmessagescanresultinsickness.A.TrytomoveyourbodylightlyB.DodeepbreathingexercisesasoftenaspossibleC.AvoidreadingorcomputerworkduringthejourneyD.KnowingwhatcausesyoursicknesscanhelpyouavoiditE.Inastudy,lookingatthehorizonwhileatseareducedbodyswayF.HerearesimplestrategiesthatmayhelptopreventorreducethesesymptomsG.Itcanbeappealingtofillupbeforeyoutraveltoavoideatingpackagedfoodonboard【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.E20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些應(yīng)對暈動病的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Motionsicknesscancausedizziness,uneasinessorthrowingup.(暈動病會引起頭暈、不安或嘔吐)”結(jié)合后文主要介紹了一些應(yīng)對暈動病的方法，可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這里有一些簡單的方法可以幫助預(yù)防或減少這些癥狀”符合。故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Eatsmallmeals(少吃多餐)”及空后“Butdoctorsrecommendeatingsmaller,morefrequentmeals.(但醫(yī)生建議少吃多餐)”可知，本句主要是關(guān)于途中吃東西的建議。故G項(xiàng)“為了避免在途中吃包裝食品，旅行前吃飽是很有吸引力的”符合。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題及空前“Doyougetsickwhenyou’reridinginthesecondorthirdrowofanSUV?AreyouOKonatrain,buttendtofeelsickonabus?(當(dāng)你坐在一輛SUV的第二排或第三排時(shí)，你會感到惡心嗎？你在火車上還好，但在公共汽車上卻感覺不舒服嗎？)”可知，上文的設(shè)問句主要是關(guān)于找出感到不適的原因。D項(xiàng)“了解致病原因可以幫助你避免旅途中的不適”符合。故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題及空前“Peoplewhohavemotionsicknesstendtohavemorebodysway(晃動)whilestanding.(有暈動病的人站著的時(shí)候身體更容易搖晃)”可知，上文提到有暈動病的人站著的時(shí)候身體更容易搖晃，故本句就上文的癥狀給出解決方案。E項(xiàng)“一項(xiàng)研究表明，在海上看地平線可以減少身體的擺動”符合。故選E?！?0題詳解】此處缺少小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容，尤其是“Itmaybeappealingtocatchuponworkorsinkintoagoodbook,butreadingorusingadevicelikeacomputershouldbeavoided.(趕上工作或沉浸在一本好書中可能很有吸引力，但應(yīng)該避免閱讀或使用電腦等設(shè)備)”可知，本句是在建議途中不要使用電腦或閱讀。C項(xiàng)“旅途中不要閱讀或使用電腦”符合。故選C。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從各小題所給的四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.Thissayingperfectlyshowsthe____21____ofgiving,andhowithelpsto____22____ourownlives.Oneofthemostfrequentwaysofgivingisthroughvoluntarywork,wherewehelpotherswithoutreceivinganyfinancialreward____23____.Ioncevolunteeredto____24____one-roomflatswherethelessfortunatelived.WhenIfirstenteredtheflat,Iwas____25____atthelivingconditions.Itwasovercrowdedwithpeopleandhouseholditemscoveredwithdust.____26____,Icouldnotcontainmyjudgement,andwasinstinctively____27____abouttheownersoftheflat.However,asthecleaningproceeded,Italkedtothem.Learningabout____28____thatthefamilyhadmetwith,Iwasregretfulformyinitial____29____judgementofthem.AnothertimewhenIvolunteeredtoteachlifeskillstostudentswithcerebralpalsy(腦癱),Ifoundtheywerevery_____30_____oftheteachers.Theyoftensaid“thankyou”andsmiledwheneverIhelpedthemevenwitha_____31_____task.ThisexperiencehasallowedmetobemoremindfulofthethingsthatItakeforgranted,andtobemorecarefulofnotlettinginsignificantthings_____32_____me.Voluntaryworkhasprovidedmewiththeopportunitytogainmore_____33_____intothelivesofthelessfortunateandcountthe_____34_____inmylife.Insteadofjustbeingabsorbedinyourown_____35_____,extendahelpinghandtoothers.21.A.difference B.hardship C.significance D.popularity22.A.enrich B.challenge C.accept D.balance23.A.inneed B.inreturn C.inrelief D.inperson24.A.sell B.paint C.visit D.clean25.A.overjoyed B.terrified C.shocked D.content26.A.Slowly B.Admittedly C.Reportedly D.Interestingly27.A.critical B.worried C.curious D.serious28.A.volunteers B.chances C.misfortunes D.neighbors29.A.unkind B.complete C.objective D.strange30.A.fearful B.appreciative C.proud D.tired31.A.formal B.boring C.complex D.small32.A.attract B.push C.cure D.bother33.A.possibilities B.insight C.admission D.rights34.A.number B.memories C.blessings D.cost35.A.needs B.judgement C.choices D.income【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.A30.B31.D32.D33.B34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文，講述了作者通過志愿者工作體驗(yàn)到給予的價(jià)值和對個人生活的積極影響?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話完美地說明了給予的重要性，以及它如何幫助我們豐富自己的生活。A.difference不同，區(qū)別；B.hardship困難；C.significance意義；D.popularity流行。根據(jù)前文“Wemakealivingbywhatweget,butwemakealifebywhatwegive.”可知，這句話說明了給予的意義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這句話完美地說明了給予的重要性，以及它如何幫助我們豐富自己的生活。A.enrich使豐富；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.accept接受；D.balance使平衡。根據(jù)上文“butwemakealifebywhatwegive”可知，給予創(chuàng)造了我們的生活，因此，它能豐富我們的生活。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：最常見的給予方式之一是通過志愿工作，我們幫助別人而不獲得任何經(jīng)濟(jì)回報(bào)。A.inneed有需要；B.inreturn作為回報(bào)；C.inrelief如釋重負(fù)；D.inperson親自。根據(jù)“throughvoluntarywork”可知，志愿者工作是沒有金錢回報(bào)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我曾經(jīng)自愿去打掃那些不幸的人住的單間公寓。A.sell賣；B.paint畫畫；C.visit拜訪；D.clean打掃。根據(jù)“Ioncevolunteeredto”可知，作者去公寓里進(jìn)行志愿打掃活動。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我第一次進(jìn)入公寓時(shí)，我對這里的生活條件感到震驚。A.overjoyed欣喜若狂的；B.terrified害怕的；C.shocked震驚的；D.content滿足的。根據(jù)后文“Itwasovercrowdedwithpeopleandhouseholditemscoveredwithdust.”可知，屋子的環(huán)境很不好，所以作者十分震驚。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：誠然，我無法控制自己的判斷，本能地對公寓的主人提出了批判。A.Slowly慢慢地；B.Admittedly無可否認(rèn)地；C.Reportedly據(jù)報(bào)道；D.Interestingly有趣地是。根據(jù)“Icouldnotcontainmyjudgement”可知，由于屋子很亂，作者無法控制自己的判斷，這是無可否認(rèn)地。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：誠然，我無法控制自己的判斷，本能地對公寓的主人提出了批評。A.critical關(guān)鍵的，批判的；B.worried擔(dān)心的；C.curious好奇的；D.serious嚴(yán)肅的。根據(jù)“abouttheownersoftheflat”及前文“Icouldnotcontainmyjudgement”可知，作者本能地開始對房屋主人進(jìn)行批判。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：得知這家人遭遇的不幸后，我后悔當(dāng)初對他們不友善的評價(jià)。A.volunteers志愿者；B.chances機(jī)會；C.misfortunes不幸；D.neighbors鄰居。根據(jù)“thatthefamilyhadmetwith,Iwasregretfulfor”可知，作者聽到屋主一家人的不幸遭遇后，為剛開始的評價(jià)感到后悔。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：得知這家人遭遇的不幸后，我后悔當(dāng)初對他們不友善的評價(jià)。A.unkind不友好的；B.complete完全的；C.objective客觀的；D.strange奇怪的，陌生的。根據(jù)“Iwasregretfulformyinitial”可知，作者對原本不友好的評價(jià)感到后悔。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：還有一次，當(dāng)我自愿教腦癱學(xué)生生活技能時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們非常感激老師。A.fearful害怕的；B.appreciative感激的；C.proud自豪的；D.tired勞累的。根據(jù)后文“Theyoftensaid“thankyou””可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)腦癱學(xué)生們非常感激老師。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：每當(dāng)我?guī)椭麄?，即使是一個小任務(wù)，他們經(jīng)常說“謝謝”并微笑。A.formal正式的；B.boring無趣的；C.complex復(fù)雜的；D.small小的。根據(jù)“witha____11____task”可知，即使是很小的任務(wù)，學(xué)生們也會表示感謝。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這段經(jīng)歷讓我更加注意那些我認(rèn)為理所當(dāng)然的事情，更加小心不讓無關(guān)緊要的事情打擾我。A.attract吸引；B.push推；C.cure治愈；D.bother打擾。根據(jù)“tobemorecarefulofnotlettinginsignificantthings”可知，作者小心不讓無關(guān)要緊的事情打擾。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：志愿工作為我提供了一個機(jī)會，讓我更深入地了解那些不幸的人的生活，并數(shù)著我生命中的回憶。A.possibilities可能性；B.insight了解，洞悉；C.admission承認(rèn)，進(jìn)入許可；D.rights權(quán)力。根據(jù)“togainmore____13____intothelivesofthelessfortunate”可知，作者通過志愿者活動更加了解那些不幸之人的生活。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：志愿工作為我提供了一個機(jī)會，讓我更深入地了解那些不幸的人的生活，并數(shù)著我生命中的回憶。A.number數(shù)字；B.memories回憶；C.blessings祝福；D.cost花費(fèi)。根據(jù)“Voluntaryworkhasprovidedmewiththeopportunity”可知，作者做過的志愿者活動給了作者很多回憶。故選B項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：與其只專注于自己的需求，不如向他人伸出援助之手。A.needs需要；B.judgement評價(jià)；C.choices選擇；D.income收入。根據(jù)“extendahelpinghandtoothers”可知，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)注別人的需要去幫助他人，而不是只關(guān)注自己的需要。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ActressJiaLingtoppedthesocialmediatopicsonthesecondconsecutivedayoftheChineseLunarNewYearashergreatweight___36___(lose)of50kilogramsduringtheshootingofhermovieYolotriggeredheateddiscussionsoverhealthylifestyleandallowedsomeviewers___37___(draw)aspirationsfromherarduousweight-lossjourney.The___38___(high)anticipatedcomedyYolohittheatersacrossChinaonFeb10,thefirstdayoftheLunarNewYear.Itisnowleadingthedomesticmovieboxoffice.AccordingtoDouban,“YOLO”___39___(adapt)fromthe2014Japa