2021深圳中考英語(yǔ)試卷+答案+解析

13深圳市2021年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試(滿(mǎn)分:75分考試時(shí)間:70分鐘)第一部分選擇題(50分)Ⅰ.完形填空(10分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入相應(yīng)空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。(共10小題,每小題1分)Itstarted30yearsagowithasquirrel.AfewmonthsafterIhadmovedintoadowntown1,mynext-doorneighbor,NicoleFigaro,knocked,askingforhelpwithasquirrelthathadgottenintoherflat.

Ifrightenedtheunexpected2awayandmadeanewfriend.SoonNicolewasinvitingmeoverfordinneror3home-madefoodatmydoor.WhenIwenttomybeachhouse,Nicolehelped4mymailandwatermyplants.Andwhenshetraveledasaflightattendant,Ididthesameforher.Wherevershewent,shed5tobringmewonderfulgifts,buthersmilehasbeenthegreatestofall.

In1997,IhadalovelychildanditwasNicolewhotookcareofmeandhim.Yearslater,Ireturnedthefavour.Ihelpedoutwhenherhusbandwassick,6herandgivinghersupport.Moreandmore,wedrewinspirationfromeachother.

7,thepandemichit.MyhusbandwasoutofworkandmysoncouldntbebacktoBritainbecauseofthevirus.Iwas8aboutthem.Nicolehelpedmyfamilytoprepareforthepandemicandsharednecessitieswithme.Withouther,Icouldntgothrough9times.

A10mightseparateourflatsandmaskscanseparatetheviruses,butnothingisabletoseparateourhearts.

1.A.house B.flat C.street D.area2.A.customer B.host C.guest D.enemy3.A.selling B.making C.posting D.leaving4.A.lookfor B.copydown C.pickup D.holdout5.A.forget B.keep C.think D.remember6.A.helpingout B.stayingwithC.smilingat D.dependingon7.A.Especially B.Actually C.Generally D.Unluckily8.A.worried B.mad C.nervous D.serious9.A.exciting B.simple C.difficult D.good10.A.room B.wall C.yard D.gardenⅡ.閱讀理解(40分)第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。(共15小題,每小題2分)AShashiyuwasonceapoorvillageinHebeiProvince,butnowithaschangedintoarichandlivableplace.Inthe1940s,villagersinShashiyuhadlittlefoodandfewclothes,buttheyhadastrongwishforabetterlife.ZhangGuishun,thePartysecretaryofShashiyu,encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty.“IntheancientChinesestory,YuGongcouldmovemountainswithhisstrongwillandhardwork,whycantwe?Nobodywasborntobepoor!”Hearinghiswords,thevillagersdecidedtomakeadifference.LedbytheCommunistPartyofChina(中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨),thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimed(開(kāi)墾)lotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.However,thevillageencounteredanewproblemtwodecadeslaterastheenvironmentbecameheavilypollutedbychemicalplantsandminerefineriesbuiltin1990s.Thepollutingfactorieswereshutdownin2004,andvillagersstartedgrapecultivation,whichsoonbecameamainindustryinShashiyu.In2009,thecity-levelgovernmentinvestedover1millionyuan($152,723)tochangethevillagesexhibitionhallintoamuseuminmemoryofdevelopmenteffortsmadebyearliergenerations.After10years,thevillagewascalled“NationalForestVillage”.Zhangsaidthatthevillagestartedayearlytourismfestivalin2015toattracttravelerstopickgrapes.“ThegrapescouldbesoldatabetterpriceonceShashiyubecomesfamousthroughthisfestival.Ourvillagerscanthenliveevenbetterlives,”hesaid.11.WhydidZhangGuishunusethestoryofYuGongtoencouragethevillagers?A.BecauseYuGonghadstrongwillandhardwork.B.BecauseYuGongwasbornpoortoo.C.BecausethevillagersworshipedYuGong.D.BecauseYuGongbecamerichatlast.12.From1966to1971,whatdidthevillagersdotoimprovetheirlivingsituation?A.Theyplantedgrapestoearnmoney.B.Theycarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagetoimprovetheirlands.C.Theymovedtoanotherplacetoliveabetterlife.D.Theybuiltalotoffactories.13.Whichwordcanbeusedtodescribethevillagers?A.Hard-working. B.Lazy. C.Kind-hearted. D.Stupid.14.WhenwasShashiyucalled“NationalForestVillage”?A.In2009. B.In2004. C.In2015. D.In2019.15.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inastorybook. B.Inanewspaper.C.Inasportsmagazine. D.InasciencebookBWhenIwasagirlgrowingup,Icannotonceeverremembereithermymumormygrandmawastingfood.Anythingwedidnteatatonemealwasleftovers(剩菜).Icanremembermygrandmamakingahugepotofpotatoes.Wewouldalleatuntilwewerefullenough,buttherewerealwaysabouthalfofthepotatoesleftover.Afewdayslater,Grandmawouldtakethosepotatoesoutofthefridge,boilsomenoodles,addsomevegetablesandmixthemalltogether.AndIalsorememberwhenIwatchedmymumfrybacon(煎培根)forusinthemornings,shewouldalwaystaketheoilcarefullyandpouritintoabottle.Thenshewoulduseitlatertoaddflavortosomanyotherdishes.IwasanadultbeforeIrealizedthatpotatoesdidntactuallytastelikebacon!Ilearnedtheirlessonswell,andafterIgrewup,Itriedtoneverwastefoodmyself.Ialwaysplannedtheweeksmealsaheadoftimeandonlyboughtwhatwasonmyshoppinglistsothatnothingwenttowaste.Everymealwentintoourstomachsandanyleftoverswerelatereatenbyeithermyself,myboys,myhusbandormydogs.Tome,throwingfoodintothebinwasjustwrong.However,whenitcomestoliving,therearenoleftovers.Lifeisjustlikeafeast.Eachmomentthatyoudontliveislostforever.Lifecannotbesavedorstored.Eachdayisafreshbeginning.Liveeachmomentofyourlifetothefullest,then.16.Thewritersgrandmausedtheleftoverpotatoesto.

A.mixwithnoodles B.boilsomevegetablesC.frybacon D.throwaway17.Whydidthepotatoescookedbythewritersmumtastelikebacon?A.Becauseshemixedthebaconwithpotatoes.B.Becausesheputpotatoesintothecontainers.C.Becauseshewasgoodatcooking.D.Becauseshepouredthebaconoilintopotatoes.18.Accordingtothepassage,howdidthewritersavefoodinherway?A.Byshoppingaheadoftime.B.Bythrowingitintothelitterbin.C.Byfollowinghermothersshoppinglist.D.Byplanningthenextweeksfood.19.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feast”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Sweatdream. B.Largemeal.C.Happystory. D.Beautifulpicture.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Eattolive,butnotlivetoeat.C.Neitherfoodnorlifeshouldbewasted.D.Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.CCanplantstalk?Modernresearchhasfoundsomethingamazing:theydocommunicatewitheachother.Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatplantsusechemicalstocommunicatewitheachother.Thishappenswhenaplantgetsattackedbyinsects.Theplantgivesoutchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.Thisislikeawarning,oracallforhelp:“Imbeingattacked!”Whenanotherplantgetsthechemicals,itstartstogiveoutitsown,differentchemicals.Someofthesechemicalsdriveinsectsaway.Othersattractthewasps(黃蜂)!Thewaspskilltheinsectsthatareeatingtheplants.Scientistshopetolearnmoreaboutthisplantwarningsystem,sothatwecanuseittogrowmorecrops.Moresurprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.Peoplecanthearthesesounds,butplantsaremakingthem.Someplantsmakenoiseswiththeirroots.Cornandchiliplantsdothis.Sometreesmakeclickingnoiseswhenthereisnotenoughwater.Mostsurprisinglyofall,plantshaveanamazingsystemofcommunicationthatcanlinknearlyeveryplantinaforest.Scientistscallthissystemthe“woodwideweb”.Thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi(霉菌).Itlinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.ItisinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.However,itmayleadtobadeffects.Plantsmayuseittostealfoodfromeachother,orspreadchemicalstoattackotherplants.Perhapsonedayscientistswilllearnhowtocreatea“firewall”tohelppreventtheseattackswithinthewoodwideweb.Scientistsarelearningmoreeverydayaboutthesecretwaysinwhichplantstalktoeachother.Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto“talk”withthemourselves.21.Whatwillplantsdowhentheyareattackedbyinsects?A.Theywillkilltheinsectsbythemselves.B.Theywillcontrolthewaspstokilltheinsects.C.Theywillsendoutsignalstoaskforhelp.D.Theywillproducechemicalsasawarningoracallforhelp.22.Howisthewoodwideweblinkedbyfungi?A.Bymakingnoiseswiththeirroots.B.Byconnectingtherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.C.Bysharingfoodandinformationwitheachother.D.Byspreadingchemicalstoeachother.23.Whatisthewritersintentionofthelastparagraph?A.Togivepeoplehopeforfurtherstudies.B.Topraisescientistsfortheirgreatachievements.C.TocallonpeopletoprotecttheplantsonEarth.D.Toinspirepeopletocommunicatewithplants.24.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?25.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSecretLanguageofPlantsB.TheStudyaboutthePlantWarningSystemC.ThePlantsthatGiveWarningsD.WhyScientistsDoResearchaboutPlants第二節(jié)短文填空以下是一則短文,請(qǐng)閱讀短文,并從下列方框里的六個(gè)句子中選擇五個(gè)還原到原文中,使原文的意思完整、連貫。(共5小題,每小題1分)A.Takeabackviewphoto.B.Noteveryphotoneedstohaveyoustand.C.Thisisafantasticwaytoincreaseyourbeauty.D.Butwhatifthephotosarenotasprettyasyouexpected?E.Buthowdoyouchooseandshareyourphotographsproperly?F.Forexample,youcanlookintotheskyandletthecameracatchyoursideface.Ifyouhaveplannedatripduringsummerholiday,certainlyyouwillwanttosharesomephotosonWeChat.26.Dontworry!Herearesometipsyoucanfollowtotakewonderfulphotos.

Turnbackandsmile.Whileontheroad,themomentyouturnbackwithasmileisthemostimpressive.Justwalkawayfromthecameraanddoaturn-backforthemostnaturaleffect.Youcanalsopretendtohearyournamecalled,turnback,andrunyourfingersthroughlonghair.27.

Lookawayfromthecamera.Therearemanywaysforyoutoavoidlookingatthecamera.28.Lookingdownintothedistanceorlookingoutofthewindowisagoodoption.Ifthereisnothingtosee,youcanalsochoosetocloseyoureyesandenjoythismomentofquietness.

29.

Areyoualittleshywhenfacingthecamera?Takingabackviewphotoisagoodchoice,whichcanleaveroomforimaginationandbringadifferentfeelingaswell.Takeaseat.30.Iftherearegoodplacestositdown,pleasedoit!Youcanposeinavarietyofpositionswithyourarmsandlegs.

Takingtheperfectphototakestimeandpractice.Ifyoufollowthesesimpletricksabove,yourphotoswillstartcomingoutbeautifully!Donothesitatetogooutwithyourfriendsandtakemorephotos.第三節(jié)信息匹配下面的材料A—F分別介紹了六個(gè)活動(dòng)的海報(bào),請(qǐng)為以下五位同學(xué)選出最適合他們的活動(dòng)。(共5小題,每小題1分)()31.JustiniscrazyaboutplayingbasketballandheisahugefanofYiJianlian.()32.AlicelikesIndianfoodandChinesefood.Shewantstolearntocookwonderfuldishes.()33.Jennyisfondofsinginganddancing.Shewantstoplayaroleinamusicvideo.()34.HenryisinterestedinlearningBeijingOpera.Hewantstolearnfromteachers.()35.Danielshowsgreatinterestinspaceandhopeshewillvisitanotherplanetoneday.第二部分非選擇題(25分)Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(10分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(共10小題,每小題1分)InanoldbuildinginPekingUniversity,ayellowlightshoneintotheoldanddarkhoursofthenight.ThefamoustranslatorXuYuanchong36.(sit)behindthewindowandstaringatthecomputerscreen.Heenjoyedworkingby37.(he)from10:00p.m.to4:00a.m.Forhim,thequietnightwasa38.(value)timetofocusontranslation.Hewasexploringhow39.(spread)ChinesecultureabroadbytranslatingChinesebeautyintoWesternbeauty.

XuwasbornintoaliteraryfamilyinNanchang40.April18th,1921.Whenhewaslittle,he41.(influence)byhismotherwhowasinterestedinliterature.XubegantotranslateChinesepoetryintobothEnglishand42.(France)whenhewasstillateenager.HesoonlearnedthatChineseandEuropeanlanguageswereverydifferent.Onlyabouthalfofthewordsintheselanguagescouldbetranslatedword-for-word.Thisiswhytranslatorsshouldhave43.creativemind.Theyarealwaystryingtoimprovetheirtranslationstomakesuretheyarecorrectandbeautiful.

Xusmottois:Good,better,best.Neverletitrest.Untilyourgoodisbetter,andyourbetterbest.44.Xuwaswidelyconsideredtobethebest,heneverstoppedtryingtobecomebetter.Themoreyoulearnandthe45.(hard)youstudy,thebetteryouwillbecome.Thereisalwaysroomforimprovement.

Ⅳ.書(shū)面表達(dá)(15分)深圳是一座科技之城、創(chuàng)新之城,為培養(yǎng)學(xué)生對(duì)科技的興趣,你的學(xué)校上周舉辦了科技節(jié)。假定你是你校英語(yǔ)報(bào)的小記者,請(qǐng)你編寫(xiě)一篇新聞報(bào)道,介紹這次活動(dòng)。要點(diǎn):1.活動(dòng)目的2.活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目:①模型制作比賽 ②……3.活動(dòng)亮點(diǎn):學(xué)生發(fā)明的服務(wù)于校園的機(jī)器人(外表,功能)4.學(xué)生感受提示詞:1.科技節(jié)sciencefestival2.實(shí)驗(yàn)experimentShenzheniswell-knownasacityoftechnologyandinnovation.Lastweek,

Ourschoolhopesthatmoreandmorestudentscanlearnscienceandtechnologybettertoserveourcountry.

13深圳市2021年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)水平考試(整理版)12345678910BCDCDBDACB11121314151617181920ABADBADDBC21222324252627282930DBABADCFAB3132333435EBDFA第一部分選擇題Ⅰ.完形填空[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文,文章講述了鄰里之間相互幫助的故事。1.B根據(jù)下文mynext-doorneighbor,NicoleFigaro,knocked,askingforhelpwithasquirrelthathadgottenintoherflat可知選B。2.C根據(jù)上文可知,鄰居因?yàn)橐恢凰墒箨J入她家而向我求助,此處表達(dá)的是我把這個(gè)不速之客(松鼠)嚇跑,unexpectedguest不速之客,故選C。3.D根據(jù)上下文可知,鄰居為了報(bào)答我,邀請(qǐng)我去她家吃飯或把親自做的食物留在我家門(mén)口,leave留下,故選D。4.C空后為mymail,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,當(dāng)我不在這里時(shí),她會(huì)幫我收取郵件。pickupmail收取郵件,故選C。5.D無(wú)論她去哪里,她都會(huì)記得給我?guī)ФY物,remembertodosth.記得做某事,故選D。6.B當(dāng)她丈夫生病的時(shí)候,我會(huì)幫她,陪伴她,給她支持。故選B。7.D根據(jù)空后的thepandemichit(疫情爆發(fā)了)可知unluckily用在此處符合語(yǔ)境,故選D。8.A根據(jù)前一句MyhusbandwasoutofworkandmysoncouldntbebacktoBritainbecauseofthevirus.可推測(cè)我非常擔(dān)心他們。beworriedaboutsb.擔(dān)心某人,故選A。9.C根據(jù)上文可知,作者的丈夫失業(yè)了,兒子也因?yàn)橐咔闊o(wú)法回到身邊,這段時(shí)間對(duì)作者來(lái)說(shuō)是一段非常艱難的時(shí)期。本句話想表達(dá)的意思是沒(méi)有她,我無(wú)法渡過(guò)難關(guān)。gothrough經(jīng)歷,后面常跟表示困難和挫折的詞,故選C。10.B句意:一堵墻可以分開(kāi)我們的公寓,口罩可以隔離病毒,但是沒(méi)有什么能夠分開(kāi)我們的心。故答案應(yīng)選B。Ⅱ.閱讀理解第一節(jié)A[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文,文章講述了河北沙石峪村的變化。11.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的encouragedhisvillagerstodotheirbesttopullthemselvesoutofpoverty可知,他是想借用愚公移山的故事來(lái)鼓勵(lì)村民們盡最大努力擺脫貧困。故選A。12.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的thevillagerscarriedwaterandsoiltotheirvillagefromfarawayplacestoimprovetheirland.From1966to1971,theyreclaimedlotsoflandandgreatlyimprovedtheirlife.可知選B。13.A推理判斷題。通讀全文可知,村民們都是很勤勞的人,故選A。14.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段和第七段可知,從2009年起,10年后,即2019年,沙石峪村被稱(chēng)為“國(guó)家森林村”,故選D。15.B推理判斷題。本文講述的是一個(gè)村莊的發(fā)展過(guò)程,很可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上,故選B。B[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文,文章講述作者從小受媽媽和外婆的影響,養(yǎng)成了節(jié)約食物的好習(xí)慣,自己成家后仍然堅(jiān)持節(jié)約糧食。16.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第四句Afewdayslater,Grandmawouldtakethosepotatoesoutofthefridge,boilsomenoodles,addsomevegetablesandmixthemalltogether.可知,答案選A。17.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第五句和第六句可知,媽媽會(huì)把煎培根的油保存起來(lái),再加入其他菜中,所以媽媽做的土豆嘗起來(lái)像培根,故選D。18.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Ialwaysplannedtheweeksmealsaheadoftime...可知,作者總是提前計(jì)劃好當(dāng)周的飯菜,故選D。19.B詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上下文可知,作者把人生比作一場(chǎng)盛宴,真實(shí)的宴席會(huì)有剩菜剩飯,可以保存下來(lái),但人生不一樣,一旦失去,就永遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有了。由此可知,這里的feast應(yīng)該是盛宴的意思,故選B。20.C主旨大意題。文章前面提到作者受媽媽和外婆的影響,養(yǎng)成了節(jié)約食物的好習(xí)慣,最后又聯(lián)系我們的生活,不管是食物還是人生,我們都不應(yīng)該浪費(fèi),故選C。C[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章告訴我們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)植物之間也可以相互交流。21.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句Theplantgivesoutchemicalsfromtheleavesthatarebeingeaten.可知,當(dāng)植物受到攻擊時(shí),會(huì)釋放出化學(xué)物質(zhì),故選D。22.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三、四句Thewoodwidewebislinkedundergroundbyfungi.Itlinkstherootsofdifferentplantstoeachother.可知霉菌將不同植物的根聯(lián)系起來(lái),故選B。23.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Maybeonedaywewillknowenoughaboutplantcommunicationtobeableto“talk”withthemourselves.可知,隨著進(jìn)一步研究,我們會(huì)對(duì)植物之間的交流有更多的了解,因此作者是給人們繼續(xù)研究的希望,故選A。24.B語(yǔ)篇結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段引入話題,第二至四段介紹了植物之間交流的方式,第五段總結(jié)全文并展望未來(lái)的研究前景,故選B。25.A主旨大意題。通讀全文,并結(jié)合文章第一段中的Modernresearchhasfoundsomethingamazing:theydocommunicatewitheachother.可知,本文主要講的是植物之間的交流,即植物自己的語(yǔ)言,故選A。第二節(jié)短文填空[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,文章介紹了幾種拍照的技巧。26.D根據(jù)空后的Dontworry!可知,設(shè)空處說(shuō)的應(yīng)該是令人擔(dān)憂的事,故選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。27.C這一段詳細(xì)描寫(xiě)了一種增加美感的拍照方法,故選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。28.F設(shè)空處前一句的關(guān)鍵信息是avoidlookingatthecamera,后一句舉例說(shuō)明如何在拍照時(shí)避免看鏡頭,選項(xiàng)F也是在介紹類(lèi)似的方法,故選F。29.A根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)填標(biāo)題句/本段的中心句。根據(jù)該段第二句中Takingabackviewphotoisagoodchoice可知答案應(yīng)選A。30.B根據(jù)設(shè)空處后一句Iftherearegoodplacestositdown,pleasedoit!和標(biāo)題句Takeaseat,可知,拍照時(shí)不一定非要站著,也可以坐下,故選B。第三節(jié)信息匹配[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是應(yīng)用文,屬于配對(duì)閱讀,內(nèi)容是為五個(gè)人選擇適合他們的活動(dòng)。31.E本題中的關(guān)鍵信息playingbasketball/ahugefanofYiJianlian與選項(xiàng)E中的BasketballClub/WellinviteYiJianlian相對(duì)應(yīng),故選E。32.B本題中的關(guān)鍵信息Shewantstolearntocook與選項(xiàng)B中的CookingLesson/LearntocookinRoom401相對(duì)應(yīng),故選B。33.D本題中的關(guān)鍵信息Shewantstoplayaroleinamusicvideo.與選項(xiàng)D中的AMusicVideoShow相對(duì)應(yīng),故選D。34.F本題中的關(guān)鍵信息learningBeijingOpera/wantstolearnfromteachers與選項(xiàng)F中的BeijingOperaLesson/haveteachersheretoshareprof