考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷260

考研英語(閱讀)模擬試卷260

一、閱讀(補(bǔ)全短文)(本題共10題，每題分，共

10分。)

In(hefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestionsI-5,choosethe

mostsuitableonefromthelistA-Giofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereare

Iwoextrachoices,whichdono(fitinanyoftheblanks.FortheendangeredNorth

Atlanticrightwhale,thesearctryingtimes.Theseleviathanswholiveandmigratein

watersalongtheEastCoastofNorthAmericateeterclosertothebrinkofextinctionthan

perhapsanyotherwhalespecies.Theirpopulationistiny一lessthan350—andcontinues

toshrink.[Cl]Yetforscientistsandconservationistsanxiousaboutthefuture

ofthesecreatures,raysofhopearebeginningtopierceanothenvisegloomyhorizon.

Thankstoasurgeofscientificresearchandnewtoolsforconductingit,theyexpectto

learnfarmoreaboutrightwhales,theirinteractionwiththeenvironment,andhowto

betterprotectthemfromtheirbiggestthreat:man.[C2]Fortherightwhales,

(heleadingcausesofmortalityarecollisionswithshipsandencounterswithfishinggear,

researcherssay.Femalesappeariohavethetoughestlimesurvivingtherangeofhuman

andnaturalthreats.It*sthesechallengesscientistshopetoaddresswithagrowing

momentuminright-whaleresearch.[C3]Conservationistsareworkingwith

governmentsandtheshippingindustrytomoveorcontroltrafficonheavilyusedsea

lanesthatshipsandwhalesshare.Andrecentresearchisyieldingpotentiallyuseful

insightsintotheimpactoffactorsrangingfromwaterqualityloshiftsinclimate."I'mnot

muchofaPollyannaj1canbeverygrumpyabouttheprogressofright-whalebiology

andconservation,"saysScottKraus,directorofresearchattheNewEnglandAquarium

inBoston.But"inthenextcoupleofyearswe'regoingtoseeatremendousburstofvery

creativescientificenergy"appliedtofundamentalbiologicalandecologicalquestions

surroundingthewhales."Whenthosequestionsgetanswered,we'regoingtohavevery

specificideasaboutwhatliiaikigciiicnlslralcgicswillreduceniorlalilyandpci1laps

enhancereproduction,"hesays.[C4]Inprinciple,preventing"twofemale

deathsayearwouldhaveamajorimpactontheprospectsforthepopulation."saysHal

Caswell,amarinezoologistat(heWoodsHoleOceanographicInstitutioninWoods

Hole,Mass.[C5]From1500to1600,Basquewhalersdecimatedright-whale

populationsintheeasternAtlantic,takinganestimated25,000to40,000.In(helate

1600s,bysomeaccounts,itwouldhavebeenpossibletowalkacrossCapeCodBayon

(hebacksofwhales.Butbythemid-1700s,NewEnglandershadtakenanother3,000,

Mr.Kraussays.Bytheearly20(hcentury,"onlyafewdozenwhalessurvivedinthe

westernNorthAtlantic".[A]Iftheycansaveapopulationthissmall,thenitcouldboost

hopesofsavingotherspeciesfromtheunintendedimpactofhumansontheenvironment.

[BlYetachievingthatmeansuntanglingawebofintenwinedhumanandenvironmental

factorsthatcontributetothewhales'plight.Theonefactorthatweighsmostheavilyis

human.[C]Inaddition,researchersareexploringanumberofacousticapproachesto

avoidingship-whalecollisions.Onetechniquescientistshopetotestlaterthismonth

involvestheuseofmooredbuoysthatusepassivesonarsystemstolistenforwhales.

[D]Toanoutsider,thegoallooksdeceivinglywithinreach.Thepopulationissosmall

thatitwouldtakeonlymodestpainsinsavingwhalestohelpturnthesituationaround.

lEJThatpopulationhadslowlyrebuilt.Overthepast20years,researchershavebuiltan

impressivecollectionof250,000photos—acatalogofsome460NorthAtlanticright

whales.Eachanimalbearsuniquegrowthsofhardenedskin,orcallosities,inplaces

wherehairwouldappearonhumans.Thecallositypatternsactasvisuallags,allowing

researcherstofollowthewhales'lifehistory.fFILaterthismonth,forexample,

researchersaresettotestnewapproachestotrackingtheelusivewhalesinhopesof

alertingshipstotheirpresence.Meanwhile,chemistsandengineersaredeveloping

whale-friendlycommercial-fishinggear.[G]Bysomeestimates,ifcurrentpopulation

trendshold,thespecieswillvanishwithinthenext200years.

K[Cl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于首段末尾，應(yīng)從上文獲取信息。前文的大意是露脊鯨當(dāng)前的

生存狀況不佳，包括他們的生活區(qū)域環(huán)境不佳，物種數(shù)量正在減少，瀕臨滅絕。由

此可以判斷空白處應(yīng)與上文相銜接，與露脊鯨的數(shù)量有關(guān)。因此選項(xiàng)G應(yīng)為最佳

選項(xiàng)。

2、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于笫二段段末，應(yīng)從上文獲取信息。上文的大意是由于大量的

科學(xué)研究的進(jìn)行和新的研究方法的使用讓科學(xué)家和自然費(fèi)源保護(hù)學(xué)家看到了保護(hù)鯨

魚的希望：對露脊鯨，露脊鯨與環(huán)境的交互作用以及如何保護(hù)它們不受人類的危害

有更多的了解。由此可以判斷下文應(yīng)與鯨魚和動(dòng)物的生存與發(fā)展有關(guān)。所以選項(xiàng)A

為最佳選項(xiàng)。

3、[C3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：F

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于段首，可聯(lián)系上下文獲得答題線索。上文論述了露脊鯨死亡

的主要原因是輪船的撞擊和捕魚設(shè)施造成的傷害。卜文主要論述r自然資源保護(hù)學(xué)

家正在就保護(hù)鯨魚而采取的措施和行動(dòng)。因此空白處的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與在輪船航行和捕魚

設(shè)施上采取的保護(hù)鯨魚的行動(dòng)有關(guān)，故選項(xiàng)F為最佳選項(xiàng)。

4、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于段首，需聯(lián)系上下文獲得答題線索。上文大意為科學(xué)研究的

發(fā)展對減少穌魚的死亡率，提高鯨魚的繁殖能力這一H標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)有較大影響。下文

指出.研究表明防止雌性鯨魚的死亡對保持鯨魚數(shù)量有明顯作用。由此可以判斷段

首空白部分的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與鯨魚數(shù)量有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)D論述了外行人對于保護(hù)鯨魚的看

法，在外行人看來保持鯨魚數(shù)量是輕而易舉的，其實(shí)不然，這是從反面論證了保護(hù)

鯨魚數(shù)量的艱巨性，與上下文一致，故選項(xiàng)D為最佳選項(xiàng)。

5、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題獨(dú)立成段，可聯(lián)系上下文獲得答題線索。上文指出研究表明防止

雌性鯨魚的死亡對保持鯨魚數(shù)量有明顯作用。下文則論述了16世紀(jì)到20世紀(jì)鯨魚

數(shù)量在人類活動(dòng)影響下的變化?？芍绢}內(nèi)容應(yīng)與人類活動(dòng)對鯨魚數(shù)量的影響有

關(guān)。因此選項(xiàng)B為最佳選項(xiàng)。

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions1-5.choosethe

mostsuitableonefromthelistA~Gtofitintoeachofthenumberedblanks.Thereare

twoextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyoftheblanks.ForBillGates,WarrenBuffett

andmanyWallStreetnumber-crunchers,thedollarsuppliedoneofthenastiestsurprises

of2005.Theworld'stworichestmenandmostfinancial-marketseerspredictedthatthe

greenbackwouldfalllastyear,draggeddownbyAmericascolossalcurrent-account

deficit.Manyforecasterswerepredictingthattheeurowouldbuy$I.40-oddbynowand

thatadollarwouldfetchlessthanY100.[Cl]Againsttheeuroandyen,the

greenbackdidevenbetter.Itendedtheyearat$1.18pereuro,upby14%.Despitea

wobbleinDecember,thedollarmadeasimilaradvanceagainsttheyen.Notsurprisingly,

thepunditsarcmorecautiousabout2006.Althoughmostexpectthegreenbacktoend

thisyearweakerthanithegar.it,thetypicalforecastisthatanydeclinewillbefairly

modestandtakeplacemainlyinthelatterpartof2006.[C2]TheFederal

Reserveraisedshort-terniinterestrateseighttimesin2005,tc4.25%.Japan,incontrast,

kepttheliquiditytapsopenandinterestratesatzero,whiletheEuropeanCentralBank

raisedratesonlyonce,inDecember,to2.25%.RelativelyhigherAmericaninterestrates

broughtforeigncapitalpouringintodollarassetsandpushedthecurrencyup.[C3]

ButasAmerica'stighteningcampaignlevelsoffandEuropeanor(maybe)Japanese

ratesrise,thedollarwillweaken.TheConsensus,accordingtoarecentcompilationof

forecastsbyReuters,suggeststhatthedollarcouldreach$1.25pereuroand￥108by

(heendoftheyear.Judgedbythefirstfewdaysof2006,thoseforecastsmayprovetoo

sanguine.Thedollarsuffereditsbiggesttwo-daydropagainst(heeurointwoyears,and

hitatwomonthlowof$1.21againsttheEuropeancurrencyonJanuary4th.[C4]

Aninterest-rategapthatwasmerelystableoughttoimplyaweakerdollar.

Accordingtoeconomictheory,itisthewideningofinterest-ratedifferentialsthat

temporarilystrengthenstheexchangerale.[C5]Financialmarketsmayalso

havebecometooobsessedwiththeinfluenceofinterestratesoncurrencies.Historically

interest-ratedifferentialshavebeenlittlemoreusethananythingelseatpredictingshort-

termmovementsinexchangerates.[A]Bythislogic,aslongasAmericaraisesrates

fasterthanothers,thedollarwillstaystrong.|B|Theywereallwrong.Although

America'scurrent-accountdeficitheadedtowards$800billionin2005,thedollarrose.It

wasupby3.5%againstabroadtrade-weightedbasketofcurrencies,thefirstriseinfour

years.[ClOvertime,aninternationaldifferenceininterestratesisoffsetbyadropinthe

currencywiththehigherinterestrate.[D]Chinaisyetanothercauseofuncertainty.Its

eagerlyawaitedbutullimalelyminusculeexchange-rateshiftinJuly2005wasaboonfor

(hedollarbecauseitdidno(setin(rainawiderrealignmentofAsiancurrencies.[E]That

isbecausemostanalystsattributethedollar'srecentstrengthtowideningdifferences

betweenAmerican,EuropeanandJapaneseinterestrates.Thesegapsareexpectedto

growforafewmoremonthsbeforeclosingslightlylaterintheyear.[F]Analternative

viewisthattheexporters,likeothers,wereattractedbyrisingAmericaninterestrates.A

recentstudybytheBankforInternationalSettlements,forinstance,suggestedthatthe

currencycompositionofOPECmembers'depositshasbecomemoresensitivetointerest-

ratedifferentials.[G]Onereasonis(hatinvestorsarebecomingjitteryabouthowsoonthe

interest-rategapmightstopgrowing.Thedollarswoonedafter(hereleasethisweekof

theminutesof(heFed'sDecembermeeting,whichsuggestedthatshor(-(erminterestrates

mightnotneed(ogomuchhigher.

6、[Cl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于段首，可聯(lián)系上下文獲得信息。文章開篇指出比爾?蓋茨和

沃倫?巴菲特以及諸多金融家們對美元貶值預(yù)言。下文指出美元的表現(xiàn)比預(yù)期的要

好?？梢耘袛嗫瞻撞糠峙c前文的預(yù)期相反，而選項(xiàng)B的大意為肯定了這些預(yù)言的

錯(cuò)誤，并描述了美元升值的具體表現(xiàn)，因此選項(xiàng)B為最佳選項(xiàng)。

7、[C2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：E

知識點(diǎn)解析：本文獨(dú)立成段，需聯(lián)系上下文確定選項(xiàng)。上文指出了金融家對美元市

場的預(yù)測，美元將在2006年后半年發(fā)生疲軟，但程度有限。下文美國、口本、歐

洲對利率的調(diào)整，以及美國的利率政策推動(dòng)了外資的增加和美元的升值。可以判斷

空白處內(nèi)容應(yīng)與美國、日本和歐洲的利率調(diào)整有關(guān)，且預(yù)期的持續(xù)時(shí)間應(yīng)與前文對

于美元的強(qiáng)勁勢頭持續(xù)的時(shí)間相符，故選項(xiàng)E為最佳選項(xiàng)。

8、[C3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于段首，可從下文獲得答題信息。下文用BUT作為連接詞，

指出美國緊縮的政策達(dá)到穩(wěn)定并且歐洲和口本的利率上揚(yáng)也會(huì)導(dǎo)致美元疲軟，可以

判斷BUT前的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與后面的內(nèi)容相反，選項(xiàng)A則表達(dá)了美元一直保持強(qiáng)勢的觀

點(diǎn)，與后面的內(nèi)容相反，區(qū)此選項(xiàng)人為最佳選項(xiàng).

9、[C4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：G

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題獨(dú)立成段，可聯(lián)系上下文獲得信息。上文指出1月4日美元的匯

率達(dá)到兩年來最大跌幅。下文的大意為勉強(qiáng)維持平穩(wěn)的利率差異預(yù)示著美元走向疲

軟，可以看出中間缺少分析造成美元下跌的原因。選項(xiàng)G則分析了美元下跌的原

因之一，并且表明聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備局無意提高端起利率，與下文分析美元疲軟相聯(lián)系，故

為最佳選項(xiàng)。

10、[C5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C

知識點(diǎn)解析：本題位于段末，可從前文獲得信息。前文指出，平穩(wěn)的利率差異預(yù)示

著美元走向疲軟，根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)原理，只有利率差異擴(kuò)大才能帶來臨時(shí)性的匯率走

高可以判斷下文應(yīng)與國際間利率差異的影響有關(guān)。選項(xiàng)C的大意為國際間利率

差異將會(huì)由高利率貨幣的差異來彌補(bǔ)，與前文相關(guān)，故選項(xiàng)C為最佳選項(xiàng)。

二、閱讀9翻譯句子)(本題共70題，每題7.0分，共

70分。)

Humanbeingshavetheuniqueabilitytoformulatepersonalgoalsforthemselves.

Withoutthisformofpersonaldevelopment,theworldwouldnotbewhatitistoday.

[Fl]HavingdreamsgivesustheODDortunitiestofindoinwhomweare,tofindwhal

reallylaysbenealhihesurfaceoffleshandbone.Dreamscanchangeapersonandjustas

(heseasonschange,apersoncanchange(heirdreamsaswell.Whenonehasagoalsetin

mind,heorsheshouldchaseitwithgusto.[F2]However,noteveryonestickstohisor

herdreams,someiuslgiveUDentirelynoialwaysbecauseofchoice,buibecauseofthe

circumstancessurrounding【h3m.Manypeoplegiveupontheirdreamsbecauseof

procrastination.[F3]Waitinguntilthelastminutetodosomethingisaterriblehabit,

csi)cciallyifthedrcamorgoalisaonceinalifetimeoDDortunity.Notlosa、that[here

won'tbeotherchances,butitisbetterloreapthespoilsofyourlaborthefirstlime

around.[F4]Procrastinationcanbebomwhenpeopl。lookatiheirdreamsinits

entiretyandIheybecomedisheartenedbecauseIheirgoallooksdifficultandalollolake

inatonetime.Onecaneliminatethisfearbybreakingdowntheirgoalsintosegments

andtacklingthesmallerpiecestomaketheprocesslessarduous.Afearofrejectionlies

withinallofus.Morespecifically,beingtold"no".Somepeopleletthisfearincapacitate

theirmindsandletittakeover.Whilerejectionisaterriblefeeling,wcshouldn'tletit

dictateourgoalsoraspirations.Itendtothinkthatrejectionisastepping-stoneto

reachingourdreams.Besides,everythingdoesn'talwaysgooarwayallthetime,ifitdid

thenitwouldn'tbecalledlife.Somepeople'sdreamsarereliantuponsupportfrom

friendsandfamily.However,thesupportisnotalways(here.Manypeoplearenot

blessedwithhavingothers(hatofferashouldertoleanonintoughtimes.Thepath(o

followingone'sgoalscanbehardattimesandwillrequiremorethanonepersontomake

(liedieamintoaicality.Tlieieaiepeople(hatwillgiveupon(Iieiidicamsbecauseof

(his.Thisgoeshand-in-handwithhavinglowself-esteemoralackofconfidenceinone's

abilitytosucceed.[F5]Losingsightofone'sdreamsisoneofthemostregrettable

mistakesapersoncanevermake.ThaliswhyweshouldDushonandbelieveinourselves

ihalwecanattainanygoalwechooselo,nomailerhowfarawayilseems.

11.[Fl]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：有理想。我們就有機(jī)會(huì)弄清自己，弄清本質(zhì)。

知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

12、[F2]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：然而，并非每個(gè)人都能堅(jiān)守自己的理想。有些人完全放棄了，并不總是

出于選擇，而是環(huán)境所致。

知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

13、[F3]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：直到最后一分鐘才開始行動(dòng)，這是可怕的不良習(xí)慣。如果理想或目標(biāo)一

生只有一次實(shí)現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)，見更是如此。這并不是說，今后沒有別的機(jī)會(huì)了，而是

說，最好盡早收獲自己的勞動(dòng)成果。

知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

14、[F4]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：人們?nèi)婵紤]自己的遠(yuǎn)大理想時(shí)，會(huì)感到灰心喪氣，因?yàn)槿蝿?wù)太艱巨，

一下子要解決的問題太多.此時(shí)，就可能變得懈怠，辦事拖拖拉拉"一個(gè)人可以通

過分解他們的目標(biāo)為部分和處理小塊目標(biāo)使這一進(jìn)程的艱辛程度得以減輕來消除這

種恐懼。

知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

15、[F5]

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：失去理想是人可能會(huì)犯的一個(gè)最大錯(cuò)誤。這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該奮力向

前并且相信我們自己，無論選定的目標(biāo)看起來多么遙不可及，我們都能實(shí)現(xiàn)。

知識點(diǎn)解析：暫無解析

Thefundamentalfactofourtimeisthegradualencroachmentofprincipled

individualism,orunregulatedpersonalfreedom,intoallareasofourlives.Everymoral

andcommunalcertainty,exceptthosethatcanbejustifiedthroughcontractandconsent,

hasheentransformedintoaquestion.Everyhumanattachmentseemsbasically

voluntary.Thegreatinstitutionsthatshapethecharacterofhumanbeings-thefamily,the

church,thecommunity,andthecountryareweakenedandstilleroding.[Fl]Young

peoplewhohavegrownupinihisculturalenvironmentaredeprivedofwhalitlakesto

developfilmmoralbearings,and,withthem,asenseofpurpose.Newstudentsarriveat

collegenotknowingwhotheyareorwhattheirlivesarefor.[F2]Professors,

meanwhile,usedlobelieveIheirprimaryresponsibililywasshapesouls:passon(he

trulhsembeddedinareligiousiraditionorolhermoralcodeihalshouldthoughUully

define【helivesofeducatedmenandwomen.[F3]A【【heveryleast,theybelievedthey

hadtoopenstudents'eyesioihevariedformsofhumanexcellencedisplayedinthe

greatestworksofphilosophyandIiteralure:lhesaini,ihesage,ihepoet,ihewarrior,(he

invenior,【heenireDreneur,ihescieniisl.iheslalesman.Bymeansofthesemodelsof

humangreatness,professorscouldofferguidancetostudentsdiscerningwhotheyareand

whattheywanttodo.But,anivingatcollegewithcharactersalreadyformed,those

studentswerele