人文英語4閱讀理解

閱讀理解：選擇題（每題10分）

JimThorpewasaNativeAmerican.Hewasbornin1888inanIndianTerritory（印第安人保

護(hù)區(qū)）thatisnowOklahoma.LikemostNativeAmericanchildrenthen,helikedtofish,hunt,swim,

andplaygamesoutdoors.Hewashealthyandstrong,buthehadverylittleformaleducation.In

1950,JimThorpewasnamedthegreatestAmericanfootballplayer.HewasalsoanOlympicgold

medalwinner.ButThorpebadmanytragediesinhislife.

Jimhadatwinbrotherwhodiedwhenhewasnineyearsold.Bythetimehewas15,his

motherandfatherwerealsodead,JimthenwenttoaspecialschoolinPennsylvaniaforKative

Americanchildren.There,helearnedtoreadandwriteandalsobegantoplaysports.Jimwas

pooosoheIe代schoolfortwoyearstoearnsomemoney.Duringthistime,heplayedona

baseballteam.Theteampaidhimonly$15aweek.Soonhereturnedtoschooltocompletehis

education.Jimwasastarathlete（運動員）inseveralsports,includingbaseball,running,and

football.Hewonmanyawardsforhisathleticability,mainlyforfootball.Inmanygames,he

scoredallormostofthepointsforhisteam.

In1912,whenJimThorpewas24yearsold,hebecamepartoftheU.SOlympicteam.He

competedintwoverydifficultevents:thepentathlonandthedecathlon.Bothrequiregreat

abilityandstrength.Thepentathlonhasfivetrackandfieldevents,includingthelongjumpand

the1500-meterrace.Thedecathlonhastentrackandfieldevents,withrunning,jumpingand

throwingcontests.

Peoplethoughtitwasimpossibleforanathletetocompeteinboththepentathlonandthe

decathlon.SoeveryonewassurprisedwhenThorpewongoldmedalsinbothevents.Whenthe

KingofSwedenpresentedThorpewithhistwogoldmedals,hesaid,“Sir,youarethegreatest

athleteintheworld/Thorpewasasimpleandhonestman.Hejustanswered,Z/Thanks,King.”

答案：CBBCA

1.FromthepassagewelearnthatJimThorpewasbornin

回答C.Oklahoma

2.Accordingtothepassage,mostAmericanIndianchildrenlovedallthefollowingEXCEPT

回答B(yǎng).singing

3.JimThorpestartedtoplaysports

回答B(yǎng).whenhewas16yearsold

4.Theworddecathloninparagraph3probablymeans

【可答C.tentrackandfieldevents

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

回答A.In1912,Thorpewentbacktofinishhiscollegeeducation.

Sinceitsfoundingin1948,McDonald'shasgrownfromafamilyburger（漢堡包）standtoaglobal

fast-foodchain,withmorethan30,000locationsin118countries.

With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald'sisnowsoubiquitousaroundthe

globethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies'purchasingpowerbasedon

thepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald's,calledtheBigMacIndex（巨無霸指數(shù)）.That'snotto

saythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.

SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald'sinIndiadoesn'tserve

beefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegetables,riceandbeans.

NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovesto

town.ManyseeMcDonald'sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism（沙文主

義），andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-stylefastfoodasaninsulttotheir

nationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterhe

andagroupofpeopledestroyedaMcDonald'sunderconstructiontoprotestglobalizationand

“badfood."ThenextyeasabombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald's,killinga27-year-old

employee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.

Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald'sisstillwidelyseenas

oneofthetruepioneersofpeacefulglobalization.

答案；1-5BCAAC

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.McDonald'swasfoundedin1948.

B.McDonald'shasopeneditsrestaurantsineverycityoftheworld.

C.McDonald'shasover30,000locationsintheworldnow.

2.ThewordubiquitousinParagraph2ismostlikelytomean

A.verycrowded

B.veryclean

C.existingeverywhere

3.FromParagraph2,wecanconcludethat

A.McDonald'sdesignsitsmenutosuitthelocalpeople

B.millionsofyoungadultsgottheirfirstjobwithMcDonald's

C.theMcDonald'smenustickstoold-fashionedfavoritessuchastheBigMac

4.WhatdidJoseBoveandhispeopledoin1999toprotestagainstMcDonald's?

A.TheydestroyedaMcDonald'sunderconstruction.

B.TheyprotestedoutsideaMcDonald's.

C.Theyrefusedtogotoanewly-builtMcDonald's.

5.In,anemployeediedinafatalbombattackonaMcDonald'srestaurantinFrance.

A.1998B.1999C.2000

排序題答案：1.B2.E3.C4.A5.D

A.Formanystudents

B.amajorbarrier

C.equalityinaccesstoeducation

D.differentpeople

E.non-traditionalstudents

TheNationalUnionofStudents(NUS)welcomesthenewsthatgreaternumbersofblackand

disabledstudentsarestudyingatUKuniversities,butthereisstillalotofworktobedoneon

wideningaccess,writestheunion'spresident,GemmaTumelty.

ArecentDepartmentofCommunitiesandLocalGovernment(DCLG)equalitiesreview

showedthatsignificantnumbersofpotentialstudentsfettheirdisabilitywas(B)toaccessing

highereducation(HE).Thisissimplyunacceptable.

Equalityanddiversityisnotentirelya“numbersgame"andbeforetoomuchpraiseisgiven

weneedtohearmorefrorr(E),notjustabouttheirexperienceofaccessinghighereducationbut

alsogoingthroughthesystem.Equalityinsocietyisabsolutely,andfundamentally,linkedto(C)

.(A),universityistheplacewheretheywillbefirstexposedtodifferentculturesand(D).Aswell

asfightingforbetteraccess,theNUSwantstoseediversityproperlyvaluedandpromotedwithin

thestudentexperience.Manypaylipservicetothevalueofdiversity,butisthisrecognizedand

promotedasacoreassettcthosewhogothroughtheHEsystem?

Equalityinsocietycanbepromotedbyequalityanddiversityatuniversity.Butthebenefits

ofuniversityasapositive,diverseenvironmentmustbeseenbystudentsasadding“value”as

muchasanyotherfactorsbeforethenumbersgameisreallywonbythechampionsofdiversity.

排序題答案：1.E2.C3.D4.B5.A

A.evenwithoutinternationallinks

B.Chinesestudentsandacademics

C.thecrisisoneconomicgrowth

D.Astrongresearchsystem

E.inpartbecauseofthis

Educationandacademicqualitycanmeandifferentthingstodifferentpeople,dependingon

theirperspective,roleandcontextand,回答E,qualityisnotoriouslydifficulttoevaluate.The

questionofhowtodothishasbeenpursuedformanyyears.

Nevertheless,thegoalofimprovingeducationalqualityisagreedbyallandstimulated

furtherbytherecentworldwideeconomicdownturnanctheneedtocounteracttheimpact

of回答Candprepareforeconomicrecovery.

AstheWorldBankandUNESCOsaid10yearsago:"Thequalityofknowledgegenerated

withinhighereducationinstitutions,anditsavailabilitytothewidereconomy,isbeccming

increasinglycriticaltonationalcompetitiveness/Theyalsorightlyemphasizedthat“回答Dat

thenationallevelopensupthepossibilitythatsubstantialadditionalpublicbenefitscanbe

realizedthroughinternationallinks//

Thisispreciselywhy回答B(yǎng)shouldcontributetotheseglobalbenefits,reformingand

improvingevaluationsystemsforeducationalandacademicquality.Originalandgoodresearch,

especiallyinscience,economicsandsocialsciences,hasatrickle-downeffectonsociety.Andit

offersadditionalbenefits回答A,thoughinternationalcollaborationandexchangeofthebest

evaluationpolicyandpracticecanbringsubstantialadvantagestoallpartnersinrelationto

lessonslearnedelsewhere.

I.Readthepassageandchcosetherightsub-title(A-D)foreachparagraph.

答案：1.C2.E3.A4.B5.D

A.Theinexactitudeoflanguage

B.Preventingmisunderstandings

C.Interculturalcommunication

D.Fosteringrespect

E.Avoidingconflicts

Para1回答

Interculturalcommunicationreferstomessagestransmittedbetweenmembersoftwoor

moredifferentsocieties.Effectiveinterculturalcommunicator!helpsfirmsavoidconflict,prevent

misunderstandings,andfosterrespect.

Para2回答

Theworkplaceisgrowingmorediverseeveryday.Managerscannotassumethatwhatthey

findinoffensivewillalsobeinoffensivetotheirsubordinates.Alackofsensitivitycanleadto

claimsofdiscriminationorharassment,whichcostsfirmsbigmoney.Intercultural

communicationinvolvesexercisingsensitivityandtacttoavoidsuchconflicts.

Para3回答

Wehumanbeingshavedevelopedlanguagetocommunicateideastooneanother.Still,our

languagerepresentsanimperfectformofcommunication.Sometimes,wordscannotaccurately

conveyanidea,becausetheinformationmightbehighlycomplex.Also,aconceptthatexistsin

onecultureorlanguagemightnotbepartofanother.Effeciveinterculturalcommunicationtries

tobridgelanguagegapsaseffectivelyaspossiblesothateveryoneattheworkplacefinds

themselvesonthesamepage.

Para4回答

Giventheinexactitudeoflanguage,misunderstandingscanfrequentlyarisebetweenpeople

fromdifferentcultureswhentheyexchangeinformation.Idiomsoftenbecomelostintranslation.

Forexample,theEnglishexpression“toshoulderresponsibility^translatesintoSwedishas"bea

manforyourhat”.Interculturalcommunicationdoesnotrelyonexpressionsnativetoa

particularlanguagethatcouldleadtoconfusion;rather,itreliesonclearmessagesthatallparties

understand.

Para5回答

Communicationhappensdifferentlyinvariouscultures.Whatonesocietyfinds

acceptablemaybeanathematoanother.Whencoworkersfromdifferentculturesdonottake

thesedifferencesintoaccount,notonlydoescommunicationsufferbutconflictscometothe

fore.Effectiveinterculturalcommunicationdoesnottrytoignoresocietaldifferences;rather,it

respectsthevariationsamongthehumanraceandenaolespeopletotransmitinformation

clearly.

WhenBilldeBlasioranforNewYorkCitymayorlastyear,hepromisedtoendacontroversial（有

爭議的）,citywidecell-phoneban（禁令）inpublicschools,whichisnotequallyenforcedinall

schools.Now,underhisleadership,thecityispreparingtoendtheban.Itwillbereplacedbya

policythatallowsphonesinsideschoolsbuttellsstudentstokeepthempackedawayduring

class.

Manyschoolshavearuleaboutenforcingthebanthatsays,“Ifwedon'tseeit,wedon't

knowaboutit."ThatmeansteachersareOKwithstudentsbringingincellphones,aslongasthey

stayoutofsightandinsidebagsandpockets.

Butatthe88cityschoolswithmetaldetectors,diebanhasbeenstrictlyenforced.The

detectorswereinstalledtokeepweaponoutofschools,butthescanners（掃描器）canalso

detectcellphones.Sostudentsattheseschoolsmustleavetheirphonesathomeorpay

someonetostoreitforthem.

Thebanwasputintoplacein2007undermayorMichaelBloomberg.Endingthebanwill

alsolikelyendanindustrythathassprungupneardozensoftheschoolsthatenforcetheban.

Workersinvans（廂式貨車）thatresemblefoodtracksstoreteens'cellphonesandOtherdevices

foradollaraday,

Criticsofthebansaycellphonesareimportantsafetydevicesforkidsduringanemergency.

Theyalsosaythatenforcementofthebanisunevenanddiscriminatory.Wherethebanis

enforced,itputsadisadvantageonstudentswhocan'taffordtopaytostoretheirphones.

Beforeputtinganofficialendtothecell-phoneban,cityeducationofficialsareworkingon

creatinganewpolicy.Itwillincluderulesaboutnotusingthephonesduringclassortocheaton

tests.

答案1-5（IC、2A、3B、4C、5C）

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthepassage?回答

A.NewYorkCitywillgivefinancialaidtopoorstudents.

B.NewYorkCityplanstorestrictcellphoneuseinlibraries.

C.NewYorkCitywillsoonendabanoncellphonesinschools.

2.Studentspay回答adaytoleavetheircellphonesinavanparkedneartheirschool.

A.adollarB.twodollarsC.fivedollars

3.Metaldetectorswereinstalledin88cityschools,mainlytokeep回答outofschools.

A.cellphonesB.weaponsC.drugs

4.TheworddiscriminatoryinParagraph5probablymeans【可答

A.necessaryB.toughC.unfair

5.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?回答

A.Afterthecell-phonebanisended,studentscanusetheirphonesduringclass.

B.Thecell-phonebansequallyenforcedinallpublicschools.

C.Aphone-storageindustryhasappearedoutsidethe88metal-detectorcampuses.

Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate（有?讀寫自旨力的）withoutany

formalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach,whichwouldleavetheir

childrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophy

oncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseenas

somehowdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?

Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis（耳濡目染）inanyschool,butasateacher

andprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhenthey

acquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:qualities

whicharecommonlyknownasvirtue（美德）.

Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleand

effectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachancefor

thevirtuetoembed（使融入）itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompleted

weneedtoallowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewith

fractionsorverbs.Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestoccvera

mistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharactersto

bequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.It'salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperiencefor

themselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.

Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempt

tostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothe

virtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenamstudentthoughtlessly

disturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,"thatwasreally

disrespectfulandselfishofyou!"wedrawoutfromthentherequiredvirtue:"Whenyou're

walkingthroughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?"

答案：BCCAA

1.Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?回答

A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.

B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacter

developmentinchildren.

C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesame

realitiesintheirlives.

2.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat回答

A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationis

B.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschools

C.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerallyconsidereddifferentfromtheapproaches

tootherskills

3.Theword"philosophy"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto回答

A.study

B.subject

C.viewpoint

4.Theauthorisa回答

A.teacherB.librarianC.reporter

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawaytobuildcharacerin

children?回答

A.Storyreadingsanddiscussions.B.Osmosis.C.Takingeveryopportunitytoteachcharacter.

正誤判斷題1.T2.F3.T4.F5.T

NEWYORK-ThefivemenfacingtrialintheSept.11attackswillpleadnotguilty.They

wouldstatetheircriticismsofU.S.foreignpolicy,thelawyerforoneofthedefendantssaid

Sunday.

ScottFenstermaker,thelawyerforaccusedterroristAliAbdal-AzizAli,saidthemenwould

not