2025年高考第二次模擬考試英語（北京卷 ）（考試版A）

絕密★考試結(jié)束前2025年高考第二次模擬考試（北京卷01）英語（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：100分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）(改編)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Duringthesummerof2019,IcycledalonefromLondontoIstanbul.This1bicycletourtookme89daysandthrough11countries.However,itwasalsoanincrediblejourney,whichsawmepassthroughsomeofEurope’sgreatestcities,2someamazingpeople,andwitnesssomeofitsmostbeautifulscenery.It’sbecomingmoreandmoreimportantforustothinkabouttheimpactthattravelcanhaveonourenvironment.Thiswasthe3formybicycletour:Iwantedtofindmoreresponsiblewaystoprotecttheplanetand4travelingbyplanewherepossible.Idiscoveredthatbicycletouringisoneofthemost5waystotravel,asusingnothingbutabicycleandyourownpedal(腳踏)power,youcancarryeverythingyouneedwhilecoveringsurprising6eachday.The7oflifeandthefreetimeIspentjustcyclingalonegavemealotoftimetothink.Thisreallyhelpedmetolearnalotaboutmyself.SoI’vemanagedto8alotofproblemsfrommypastandfeelthatmyconfidenceandindependencehavegrown.Finally,IarrivedinIstanbulwithahugemixtureof9overthepastthreemonths:loneliness,joy,liberation,prideandanxiety.Asaresult,thejourneymakesmefeellikea10person.Whatacyclingtriptoremember!1．A．a(chǎn)musing B．challenging C．boring D．confusing2．A．recognize B．entertain C．welcome D．meet3．A．strategy B．inspiration C．barrier D．a(chǎn)chievement4．A．enjoy B．finish C．a(chǎn)void D．practice5．A．old-fashioned B．well-organized C．up-to-date D．eco-friendly6．A．distances B．expense C．messages D．a(chǎn)mount7．A．pressure B．value C．simplicity D．expectation8．A．getawaywith B．goonwith C．besensitiveto D．beopento9．A．opinions B．emotions C．worries D．memories10．A．strange B．new C．smart D．lonely第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分,共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。DuringmysummervacationintheUS,Ionceaskedforacupofhotwateratarestaurant.Thewaiter’s11(confuse)looksuggestedmyrequestseemedstrange.InAmerica,peoplelovetodrinkice-coldwater.ButinChina,wepreferhotwater.Thewaiter12(come)backwithaglassofroomtemperaturewater.Ipolitelyaskedagain,“CanIpleasehavesomehotwater?”Thewaiterfinallyunderstoodandbroughtmeasteamingcupofhotwater.13(learn)somethingnewabouteachother’scultures,webothsmiled.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。OneofChina’s14(old)typesofartisNeolithicpottery(陶器).15(name)fortheperiodwhenitappeared,thistypeofartcandatebacktoaround10,000BCE.ThoughearlyNeolithicpotterywasleftunpainted,manyworksweredecoratedbypressingcords(繩索)intothem,16(leave)specialpatterns.SomeofthemostamazingpieceswerecreatedbyYangshaopeople17livedalongtheYellowRiverfrom5,000BCEto3,000BCE.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Today,manypeoplewonder18electriccarsarebetterthangasolinecars.Somearguetheyareclean,not-pollutingandcheaper,19gasolinecarsarestillverypopular.Theycandrivelongdistances20needingtorecharge,andtheyalsorefuelmorequickly,takingonlyafewminutesatagasstation.Additionally,therearemoregasstationsthanchargingstations,makinggasolinecarsmoreconvenientforlongtrips.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATHETEMPEFESTIVALOFTHEARTSDecember6–8,2024,Friday–Saturday10:00AM–5:30PM&Sunday10:00AM–4:30PMKIDSBLOCKAhands-oninteractiveblockforyoungartistsandayouthexhibitionfeaturingover450studentworksfromaroundtheValley-ondisplayandforsale.Gettheyoungcreativesinvolvedwiththefestivalinanewwaywithcommunitypartners,whowillbeonsitedoingtake-awayprojectswithyoungvisitors!YouthcanstarttheirappreciationfortheartsatayoungagebyvisitingYoungCollectorsonSaturdayandSunday.Forjust$5childrencanbegintheirartcollectingjourney.YOUNGARTISTEXHIBITIONEachfestivalwereceivehundredsofpiecesofartworkcreatedbytalentedValleyyouthwhoareinterestedinhavingtheirworksexhibitedforachancetowinacashprize,andfortheopportunitytoselltheirworks(pleaserefertoeachnameplatetoidentifywhichpiecesareforsale).YoucanvisittheexhibitionnearKidsBlock,Friday-Sundayatthefestival.YOUNGCOLLECTORSGALLERYEachyear,ourartistshavetheoptiontodonateapiecetothegallery,offeringchildrenthechancetopurchaseandbringhometheirveryownpiece.Weencourageyoungcollectorstoshopontheirown,learningfreedominwhattheylike.Volunteerswillbeinplacetoassistchildren.TheYoungCollectorssectionwillbeopenonSaturdayandSundayofthefestival.APPLICATIONSARENOWOPEN!AllstudentsMUSThaveasignedandcompleteddigitalPermissionFormtoenterthefestival.21．WhencanchildrenvisitKIDSBLOCK?A．10:00AM-5:30PMFriday. B．10:30AM-4:00PMSunday.C．9:00AM-5:00PMSaturday. D．10:00AM-7:00PMSaturday.22．WhatisspecialaboutYOUNGARTISTEXHIBITION?A．Itrequireson-siteregistration.B．Itofferscashassistancetoyouth.C．Itincludesacompetitionforparticipants.D．Itgiveskidsachancetorecreatetheirworks.23．Whatdothethreesectionshaveincommon?A．Kidscanmakeanartpurchase. B．Visitorsmaydonatetheirworks.C．Volunteerswillbebadlyneeded. D．Youngartistscangainmoreprofit.BTwoyearsago,fueledbymyenvyforthosewithgardens,Isignedupforaplot,aplacewhereIcouldreadandwriteinthesun,safefromdistractions.Afewmonthsago,Iwaspresentedahalf-plotofavailableland.Theplot,whichwasbiggerthanIcoulddreamof,wasbeautifulbutovergrown—gettingitstartedwouldrequirehardwork.Iwasn’tsureIhaditinme.Fastforwardtonow.Afterseekingguidancefrommyfamilyandwatchingbeginners’gardeningvideos,Ispendhoursaweeksowing,weeding,wateringandharvesting.Mysummerattheplothassofarofferedcountlesslessons,butthemostimportantonehasbeenlearningmoreabouthowfoodactuallygrows.Takethehumblecauliflower—acommonsightinthesupermarket,yetitdemandspatienttendingforuptosixmonths,allforashortmomentontheplate.Seasonalityhasalsotakenonanewmeaning.Iknewthatallfreshfoodhasits“season”butitwasonlywhenIwasoverwhelmedbyanendlesssupplyofcourgettesthatIreallyunderstoodIcouldbeeatingthemformonths.Yetabundantharvestscomewithalessoninimpermanence.Freshproducegoesoffquicklyonceripenedandpicked.AndsoI’veturnedtotheoldcraftofpreservation—learningwhattoboilandfreeze,ormakeintojam—tomakethingslast.WhentheharvesthasbeenmorethanIcanmanage,I’vesharedtheabundancewithfriendsandfamily,spreadingthejoy.Whilegardeningisawelcomeescapefromthechaosofthemodernworld,youcan’tavoidtherealityoftheclimatecrisis.It’sonethingtoreadtheseinthenewsorseethemreflectedinprices,butit’squiteanotherwhenyouhavetobeintunewithweatherpatterns,prayingforprolongedsunshinewithouttheunbearableheat.AsIcontinuetotendmyplot,Idosowithasenseofhumility,wonderandexcitement.Whatstartedasadesireforasmallpatchofgreenhasgrownintosomethingmuchmoresignificant—aconnectiontomylocalenvironment,arespectforthefoodIeatandanawarenessofthefragilenaturalsystemsthatsustainus.Inthebeginning,IwasworriedIwouldfailtheplot;instead,I’mfindingmyselfgrowingalongsideit.24．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhengettingtheplot?A．Proudbutanxious. B．Gratefulbutpuzzled.C．Amazedbutworried. D．Movedbutdisappointed.25．Whileworkingontheplot,theauthorlearnedto__________.A．removechaosfromlife B．createseasonalrecipesC．identifycommonplants D．respectlawsofnature26．Whatdoestheauthor’sexperiencetellus?A．Laboristhemostreliablewealth. B．Everyseasonbringsitsownlessons.C．Thelandismadebetterandsoisthegardener. D．Oneshouldstayhungryforconstantprogress.CArtificialintelligence-poweredmedicaltreatmentoptionsareontheriseandhavethepotentialtoimprovediagnostic(診斷的)accuracy,butanewstudyledbyUniversityofArizonaHealthSciencesresearchersfoundthatabout52%ofparticipantswouldchooseahumandoctorratherthanAIfordiagnosisandtreatment.“WhilemanypatientsappearresistanttotheuseofAI,accuracyofinformation,encouragementandalisteningpatientexperiencemayhelpincreaseacceptance,”MarvinSlepian,wholedtheresearch,said.“ToensurethatthebenefitsofAIaresecuredinclinicalpractice,futureresearchonbestmethodsofphysicianincorporationandpatientdecisionmakingisrequired.”Inthisstudy,participantswereplacedintosettingsasmock(模擬的)patientsandaskedwhetherandunderwhatcircumstancestheywouldprefertohaveanAIsystemoraphysicaldoctorfordiagnosisandtreatment.Inthefirstphase,researchersconductedstructuredinterviewswithactualpatients,testingtheirreactionstocurrentandfutureAItechnologies.Inthesecondphase,researcherssurveyed2,472participantsacrossdiverseethnic,racialandsocioeconomic(社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的)groupsusingablinded,randomizedsurvey.Overall,participantswerealmostevenlysplit(分開),withmorethan52%choosinghumandoctorsasapreferenceandabout47%choosinganAIdiagnosticmethod.IfstudyparticipantswereinformedthattheirprimarycarephysicianfeltAIwassuperior,theacceptanceofAIbystudyparticipantsonre-questioningincreased.Thissignaledthesignificanceofthehumanphysicianinguidingapatient’sdecision.Diseaseseveritydidnotaffectparticipants’trustinAI.Comparedtowhiteparticipants,blackparticipantsselectedAIlessoftenandNativeAmericansselecteditmoreoften.OlderparticipantswerelesslikelytochooseAI,aswerethosewhoself-identifiedaspoliticallyconservative.ThesefindingssuggestthatdifferinggroupswillneedspecificsensitivityandattentionastoinformingthemaboutthevalueandusefulnessofAItoenhancediagnoses.“Ireallyfeelthisstudyhastheimportancefornationalreach.Itwillguidemanyfuturestudiesandclinicaltransitionaldecisionsevennow,”Slepiansaid.“TheonuswillbeonphysiciansandothersinhealthcaretoensurethatinformationinAIsystemsisaccurate,andtocontinuetomaintainandenhancetheaccuracyofAIsystemsastheyplayanincreasingroleinthefutureofhealthcare.”27．WhatcanweinferaboutAItreatmentfromParagraph2?A．Furtherclinicalresearchisrequired.B．Itsbenefitsremaintobeconfirmed.C．Itcanensureagoodlisteningpatientexperience.D．Physicianinvolvementwillincreasepatients’acceptance.28．Whatmayaffectparticipants’preferenceforAItreatmentaccordingtotheresearch?A．TheirsensitivitytoAI’svalue. B．Thequestionstheywereasked.C．Theaccesstothephysicians. D．Theirpersonalbackgrounds.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“onus”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A．Attempt. B．Responsibility. C．Impression. D．Opportunity.30．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheTrustinAI:ASplitAmongPatientsB．BridgingtheGap:HumanDoctorsandAIC．AnImportantStudy:TheFutureofAISystemsD．ImprovingDiagnosticAccuracy:TheRoleofAIDTheageofartificialintelligencehasbegun,anditbringsplentyofanxieties.AlmostalloftheconversationsaboutriskhavetodowiththepotentialconsequencesofAIsystemspursuinggoalsthatdepartfromwhattheywereprogrammedtodoandthatarenotintheinterestsofhumans.Butthisisonlyonesideofthedanger.ImaginewhatcouldunfoldifAIdoesdowhathumanswant.“Whathumanswant,”ofcourse,isn’tamonolith.Differentpeoplehavecountlessideasofwhatconstitutes“thegreatergood.”Evenifwecouldgeteveryonetofocusonthewell-beingoftheentirehumanspecies,it’sunlikelywe’dbeabletoagreeonwhatthatmightlooklike.ThatseemstobethereasonthatDeepMindrecentlyfoundedaninternalorganizationfocusedonAIsafetyandpreventingitsmanipulationbybadactors.Butit’snotidealthatwhat’s“bad”isgoingtobedeterminedbyahandfulofindividualsatthisoneparticularcorporation—completewiththeirblindspotsandpersonalandculturalbiases(偏見).Thepotentialproblemgoesbeyondhumansharmingotherhumans.What’s“good”forhumanityhas,manytimesthroughouthistory,comeattheexpenseofothersentient(有知覺力的)beings.Suchisthesituationtoday.IntheUSalone,wehavebillionsofanimalskeptinconfinement,subjectedtocrueltreatment,anddenialoftheirbasicpsychologicalandphysiologicalneedsatanygiventime.Entirespeciesaredominatedandsystemicallybutcheredsothatwecanhaveomelets,burgersandshoes.IfAIdoesexactlywhat“we”wantitto,thatwouldlikelymeanenactingthismasscrueltymoreefficiently,atanevengreaterscaleandwithmoreautomationandfeweropportunitiesforsympathetichumanstostepinandflaganythingparticularlyhorrifying.AbettergoalthanaligningAIwithhumanity’simmediateinterestswouldbewhatIwouldcall“sentientalignment”—AIactinginaccordancewiththeinterestsofallsentientbeings,includinghumans,allotheranimalsand,shoulditexist,sentientAI.Thiswillstrikesomeasaggressive,becausewhat’sgoodforallsentientlifemightnotalwaysagreewithwhat’sgoodforhumankind.Itmightsometimes,evenoften,beinoppositiontowhathumanswantorwhatwouldbebestforthegreatestnumberofus.PeterSinger,aphilosopher,arguedthatanAIsystem’sultimategoalsandprioritiesaremoreimportantthanitbeingalignedwithhumans.“ThequestionisreallywhetherthissuperintelligentAIisgoingtobebenevolentandwanttoproduceabetterworld,”Singersaid,“andevenifwedon’tcontrolit,itstillwillproduceabetterworldinwhichourinterestswillgettakenintoaccount.”I’mwithSingeronthis.Decenteringhumankindtoanyextent,andespeciallytothisextreme,isanideathatwillchallengepeople.Butthat’snecessaryifwe’retopreventourcurrentbelieffromspreadinginnewandawfulways.31．TheauthormentionstheorganizationfoundedbyDeepMindto__________.A．questionasolution B．clarifyabeliefC．illustrateanexample D．explainapractice32．Whichofthefollowingcanbestpresenttheideaof“sentientalignment”?A．AIextendsthesamerightstolivingbeings. B．AIpromotestheinteractionamongspecies.C．AIbenefitsfromthedevelopmentofhumans. D．AImeetsthedemandsofperceptivecreatures.33．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benevolent”inParagraph7probablymean?A．Ambitious. B．Generous. C．Resourceful. D．Competitive.34．Theauthor’smajorconcernindevelopingAIisthat__________.A．AIposesathreattotheworld B．society’smoralsareindeclineC．humansprioritizetheirownneeds D．sentientbeingsdeepenculturalbiases第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Personaldevelopmentgoalsareobjectivesthatwesettoimproveourskills,habits,mindset,relationships,andoverallwellbeing.35Somecommonexamplesincludethefollowing.Enhancecommunicationskillstofosterbetterrelationships.36Itmayincludepracticingactivelistening,andempathy,aswellaslearningconflictresolutiontechniques.Afterhoningcommunicationskills,individualscanstrengthenrelationshipswithothers,leadingtodeeperunderstanding,trust,andmutualrespect.Setboundariestoprioritizeself-care.Itisessentialtoclearlimitsandguidelinesforpersonalspace,time,andenergytoprotectwellbeing.Itinvolveslearningtosaynotocommitmentsthatwasteresourcesandsettingrealisticexpectationsforourselvesandothers.37Developagrowthmindsettoembracechallenges.Adoptingamindsetthatviewschallenges,setbacks,andfailuresasopportunitiesforgrowthundoubtedlyhelpsusgrow.38Withagrowthmindset,individualscanovercomeobstacleswithadaptability,leadingtogreaterconfidence,achievement,andpersonalfulfillment.39Integratingmindfulness-basedtechniquesandpracticesintodailylifetocultivategreaterawareness,presence,andemotionalregulationisanexcitingpersonaldevelopmentgoaltoworkon.Bycultivatingmindfulness,individualscanreducestress,andanxiety,improvefocusandconcentration,andfosteragreatersenseofcalm,andoverallemotionalwellbeing.A．Theyaretailoredtoindividuals’uniqueneedsforgrowth.B．Focusonself-reflectionandmindfulnesstorealizedreams.C．Thisgoalinvolvesactivelyimprovingcommunicationabilities.D．Cultivatemindfulnesspracticestoenhanceemotionalwellbeing.E．Theyencourageindividualstoreflectonwhattrulymatterstothem.F．Bysettingboundaries,individualscancreatespaceforself-careactivities.G．Itrequiresbuildingabeliefintheabilitytodevelopskillsandimproveovertime.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，共32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題，第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。Mypathwaslongtorecognizingmyvocation(職業(yè)),muchlongerthanithadtobe.Myparentswereprofessorsofengineering.Sciencewasthehorizonofpossibilityinmyfamily;nothingelsecountedorevenexisted.NomatterhowmuchIlovedtoreadandwrite,itneveroccurredtometomajorinanythingelse.Ihadbeencuriousaboutbiologyandpsychologyinhighschool,sowhenIknewColumbiaofferedajointmajorinthetwofields,Ichoseitonthespot.Thefeeling,otherthanexcitement,wasoneofrelief.Icouldn’tbeartheuncertaintythatcollegerepresented.Insteadofopeningoptionsup,Ineededtoshutthemdown.Ihadlockedupthree-quartersofmycoursesforthenextfouryears,andIhadn’tevengonetoasingleclass.Therewasnoonetheretostopme.Iwouldmope(消沉)inthebackofthoselectures,readinganovelbehindmynotebook,unawareofthefactthatIwastryingtotellmyselfsomething.Idon’tknowexactlywhenthingswentwrongwithmychosencourseofstudy.BythetimeIrealizedthatIshouldhaveb