小升初英語(yǔ)精美講義練習(xí)第18講現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（牛津上海版試用本）（學(xué)生版）

授課主題第18講現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)教學(xué)目標(biāo)了解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義和結(jié)構(gòu)短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)變教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)since和for的使用教學(xué)內(nèi)容知識(shí)點(diǎn)一：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。影響：We'vejustcleanedtheclassroom.我們剛好打掃了教室。持續(xù)：Theyhavecleanedtheclassroomforhalfanhour.他們打掃教室已經(jīng)半小時(shí)了。結(jié)構(gòu)與句式(have/has+過(guò)去分詞)肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞ShehasstudiedEnglish.否定句：主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t+過(guò)去分詞___________________________疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞___________________________肯定回答：Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.___________________________否定回答：No,主語(yǔ)+haven’t/hasn’t.___________________________二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法過(guò)去發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Hehasalready/justturnedoffthelight.Haveyoupackedyet?常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already,just,yet,ever/never,before…already/just/yet辨析觀察：Ihavealreadyfinishedmywork.Ihavejustfinishedmywork.Ihaven'tfinishedmyworkyet.Haveyoufinishedyourworkyet?小結(jié)：already/just常用于________________；yet常用于________________Oralpractice:Mikehasalreadyfoundhiswatch.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)__________________________________________HehaseverbeentoJapan.(改為否定句)__________________________________________They

have

alreadyarrived

in

Shanghai.

(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)__________________________________________從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。tenyears202220tenyears20222012Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghaifortenyears.=Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghai_______________________.=Mr.SmithhaslivedinShanghai_______________________.常見(jiàn)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：標(biāo)志性詞具體用法舉例forfor+時(shí)間段fortwoyears/alongtimesincesince+時(shí)間點(diǎn)since2017/lastyear/halfpasttensince+時(shí)間段+agosincetwoyears/alongtimeagosince+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))sincetheymovedtoShanghaiPractice:用for/since填空________Monday________halfanhour________threemonths________2005________12o’clock________threemonthsagoOralPractice.1.Q:Howlonghaveyouworkedinthisrestaurant?(twoyears)A:Ihaveworkedinthisrestaurant___________________________.2.Q:Howlonghaven’tyoumether?(April)A:Ihaven’tmether_________________________.3.Q:Howlonghaveyouknowneachother?(alongtimeago)A:Wehaveknowneachother__________________________.對(duì)for/since引導(dǎo)的表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)，用howlong.Ihavestayedhereforonemonth.__________________haveyoustayedhere?【小試牛刀】1.Mr.LihaslivedinHainan____________2012.A.sinceB.forC.afterD.in2.MaryhasknownJane____________twoyears.A.sinceB.forC.afterD.in3.Ihave____________finishedthereport.Howaboutyou?Oh,Ihaven’tfinishedit____________.A.yet,alreadyB.already,alreadyC.already,yetD.yet,yet4.Haveyou____________travelledonthetrainNo,Ihave____________travelledbytrain.A.never,alreadyB.ever,neverC.already,neverD.yet,ever5.Iwon’tgowithyoutoseethisfilm.BecauseI____________ittwice.A.

will

see

B.

see

C.

saw

D.have

seen

三、特殊用法:have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeenin1)Theyhavebeentothatvillagesometimes.HaveyoueverbeentoJapanNo,IhaveneverbeentoJapan.MaryhasneverbeentotheSummerPalace.have/hasbeento表示“__________________”,常和次數(shù)_______________________連用。與ever/never連用，表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)或從未去過(guò)某地”。2)WhereisTom?Hehasgonetothebookshop.have/hasgoneto表示“________________________”3)TheBrownshavebeeninShanghaifornineyears.have/hasbeenin表示“__________________”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(for+時(shí)間段/since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),howlong等)連用。Practice:填入have/has

been(to),

have/has

been(in),have/has

gone

(to)1.

Can

I

speak

to

Li

Lei,pleaseHe’s

out.I’m

afraid.He

__________________the

cinema.

2.John__________________Englandsince2003.3.TheSmiths__________________Beijingfornineyears.4.I__________________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.5.

Is

your

mother

in?

No,

she

__________________Shenzhen.__________she

ever________there

beforeYes,she

____________thereseveraltimes.四、過(guò)去分詞的變化形式規(guī)則變化：與過(guò)去式相同將下列單詞的過(guò)去式填入相應(yīng)的位置:hope,listen,stop,start,worry,plan,move規(guī)則例詞1.直接加edlaughed,played,_________,________2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾，直接加dliked,lived,_________,________3.以輔音加y結(jié)尾，改y為i加edstudied,carried,_________4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母加edpreferred(更喜歡),dropped_________,________不規(guī)則變化：詳見(jiàn)附錄AAA:ABB:ABC:ABA:putputputgetgotgotam/is____________beebecamebeeread____________make____________arewerebeen

e____________costcostcosthavehadhaddodiddonerunranruncutcutcutsay____________go____________規(guī)則變化：與過(guò)去式相同將下列單詞的過(guò)去式填入相應(yīng)的位置:hope,listen,stop,start,worry,plan,move規(guī)則例詞1.直接加edlaughed,played,listened,started2.以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾，直接加dliked,lived,hoped,moved3.以輔音加y結(jié)尾，改y為i加edstudied,carried,worried4.以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫(xiě)最后一個(gè)字母加edpreferred(更喜歡),stopped,planned不規(guī)則變化：詳見(jiàn)附錄AAA:ABB:ABC:ABA:putputputgetgotgotam/iswasbeenbeebecamebeereadreadreadmakemademadearewerebeen

ecameecostcostcosthavehadhaddodiddonerunranruncutcutcutsaysaidsaidgowentgoneChoosethebestanswer.()1.Adamusually_______booksintheevening,butthiseveninghe_______TVnow.A.reads;iswatching B.isread;iswatchingC.reads;watches D.reading;iswatching()2.He_______letterstohisfriendsandrelativesyet.A.willwrite B.didn’twrite C.hasn’twritten D.haven’twritten()3.Motherhas_______cookeddinnerforus.A.alreadyB.yetC.justnowD.sometimes()4.There______aninterestingfilmnextweek.A.willhaveB.isgoingtoC.isgoingtohaveD.willbe()5.WhereisLindaShe_______tothelibrary.A.havegoneB.hasbeenC.wentD.hasgone()6.Ithinkshe______herhomeworksoon.A.FinishesB.finishedC.willfinishD.hasfinished()7.When______you_______theflowershow?Twodaysago.A.have;visitedB.did;visitC.do;visitD.will;visit()8.David______Shanghaiforaboutthreemonths.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeeninD.haseto()9.MayIspeaktoJohn?Sorry,he________Japan.Buthe________intwodays.A.hasgoneto;willreturnbackB.hasbeento;willebackC.hasgoneto;willebackD.hasbeento;willreturnback()10.They______alltheirmoney,sotheyhavetowalkhome.A.spend B.willspend C.havespent D.spentKeys:ACADDCBCCCII.Rewritethesentences.1.Thebighousecosthimalotofmoney.(改為否定句)Thebighouse______________________himmuchmoney.2.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)___________Tom___________hishomework___________?3.She

has

evervisited

the

USA.

(改為否定句)She_________________________________theUSA.

4.Ihavereadthebooksince9o’clock.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))______________________haveyoureadthebook?5.Jasonhasworkedinthefactoryfortwoyears.(保持句意不變)Jasonhasworkedinthefactory___________twoyears___________.6.FredbegantoteachEnglishsixyearsago.(保持句意不變)Fred______________________English___________sixyears.7.the,my,been,GreatWall,before,father,has,never,to(連詞成句)_______________________________________________________Keys：1.Thebighousecosthimalotofmoney.(改為否定句)Thebighousedidn’tcosthimmuchmoney.2.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishomework.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)HasTomfinishedhishomeworkyet?3.She

has

evervisited

the

USA.

(改為否定句)ShehasnevervisitedtheUSA.

4.Ihavereadthebooksince9o’clock.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))Howlonghaveyoureadthebook?5.Jasonhasworkedinthefactoryfortwoyears.(保持句意不變)Jasonhasworkedinthefactorysincetwoyearsago.6.FredbegantoteachEnglishsixyearsago.(保持句意不變)FredhastaughtEnglishforsixyears.7.the,my,been,GreatWall,before,father,has,never,to(連詞成句)MyfatherhasneverbeentotheGreatWallbefore.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)定義和結(jié)構(gòu)：定義：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的______________或從過(guò)去一直______________到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)：______________常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：影響：_________________________________持續(xù)：for+時(shí)間段，since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)；since+時(shí)間段+ago；since+從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí))易混淆句型：have/hasbeento表示“______________”,常和次數(shù)______________連用。與______________連用，表示“曾經(jīng)去過(guò)或從未去過(guò)某地”。have/hasgoneto表示“______________”have/hasbeenin表示“______________”，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)(for+時(shí)間段/since+時(shí)間點(diǎn),howlong等)連用。=1\*ROMANI.ChoosethebestanswersBothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.A.knew B.haveknown C.mustknowD.willknow2.ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studying B.will;studyC.has;studied D.are;studying3.HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.A.willsee B.haveseen C.saw D.see4.It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.is B.has C.will D.was5.MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.She_______tothelibrary.A.hasgoneB.went C.willgo D.hasbeen6.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.A.havebeenin B.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen7.Where______John_______Tothelibrary.He_________thereforanhour.A.has…been…h(huán)asgone B.has…gone…h(huán)asbeenC.did…go…went D.did…be…went8. I_______theway.I________hereforquitemanyyears.A.knew…h(huán)avelived B.knew…liveC.know…h(huán)avelived D.know…live9._____youever_____America?Yes,Ihave. A.Have…goneto B.Have…goneinC.Have…beento D.Have…beenin10.Mybrother____collegeforoverthreeyears.A.hasgoneto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.hasbeenatKeys:1.B2.C3.B4.A5.A6.A7.B8.C9.C10.CII. pletethesentenceswiththegivenverbsintheirproperforms(用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）Weusuallygo (swim)onSundayafternoons.Bill____________(meet)alotoffriendswhenhewaswalkingbackhome.Motherisn'thome.She (go)tothesupermarket.There (notbe)plentyoforangejuiceinthebottle.She___________(notbuy)thestrawberriesinthemarketbecausetheyweretooexpensive.swimming2.met3.hasgone4.isn't5.didn'tbuyIII.Reading.(A)Alongtimeago,therewasapoorfisherman.Healwaysdreamedofbeingrich.Oneday,hewentfishing.Whilehewassittingintheboat,hesuddenlyfeltthatthefishingrodwasbeingweigheddownbyaheavything.Heexcitedlypulledhardatit,andwhathesawmadehimshoutoutloud,”Wow!Abig,shinygoldenchain!”Heexcitedlypulledhardatthegoldenchaintogetitintotheboat,butthereseemedtobenoendofit.hisboatstartedtogetoverloadbecauseofthegoldenchain,andtheseawaterfilledhisboat.However,hehadbegundreamingofabighouse,abigpieceoflandandbuyinghorsesandcows....Hekeptpullinginthechain.Finally,theboatsank,andhedrowned.Whatdidthepoorfishermanalwaysdreamof?____________________________________________________________Whendidhesuddenlyfeelthathisfishingrodwasbeingweigheddown?____________________________________________________________Whydidhepullhardatthegolden