考研作文常用滿分表達和常考主題詞匯

考研英語作文沖刺：九大主題詞匯一計算機、通訊類1計算機commitcomputercrimes進行電腦犯罪活動Mostcomputercrimescanbetracedbacktohackers.大多數(shù)計算機犯罪都是電腦黑客干的。accesstheInternet進入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)accomplishtheoperationsimplywithaclickofthekeys敲擊鍵盤即可完成操作administrator管理員autosearch自動搜索bandwidth寬帶bemultilingual可以使用多種語言benetworkedwith…與…聯(lián)網(wǎng)benolongerimaginary不再是幻想blogger寫博客的人chaton-lineinInternet網(wǎng)上聊天distancelearning遠程教育onshoppingon-line進行網(wǎng)上購物facilitatethegrowthofthecyber-economy推動網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展Internetcafé網(wǎng)吧Internetfans網(wǎng)迷Internetgeek/netter網(wǎng)蟲Internetvideochat網(wǎng)上視頻聊天ItisdifficulttoknowwhethertheinformationontheInternetisreliableornot.很難確定互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的信息是否可靠。MillionsofcomputersareconnectedtooneanotherinaworldwidenetworkcalledInternet.不計其數(shù)臺電腦在世界范圍內(nèi)互相聯(lián)系在一起稱作互聯(lián)網(wǎng)Printedsourcescontinuetoremainanimportantmethodforresearchingmaterials.使用印制資料仍然是獲得研究資源的重要方法。provideon-lineemploymentservicestojobseekers為求職者提供網(wǎng)上擇業(yè)服務(wù)Thereisanadvantagetobeingmultilingual.懂得多種語言很有益處。withthegradualpopularizationoftheInternet隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的不斷普及putoutyourmessagethroughE-mail使用電子郵件發(fā)出訊息net-addiction網(wǎng)癮provideentertainmentintheformofcomputerizedgames提供電子游戲形式的娛樂2其他通訊手段allowpeopletocarrytelephonewiththemallthetime使人們能夠隨時隨身攜帶電話Callswereconnectedmanuallybyswitchboardoperators.過去電話由接員人工接通。Cellulartelephonesareportableunitsthatcanbeusedawayfromhome.手機是出門在外也可以使用的便攜裝置。Cellulartelephonescanbeusedtoaccessinformationvirtuallyanywhereandanytime.手機實際上可以用于隨時隨地接收信息。makewirelesscommunicationpossible使無線通訊成為可能phonecanconnecttotheInternet手機可以連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)sendashorttextmessagetosb.’scellphone給某人的手機發(fā)短信cabletelevisionsystems有線電視系統(tǒng)digitaltelevision數(shù)字電視pickupthesignalsfromsatellites通過衛(wèi)星接收信號providealargenumberof(manymore)channels提供很多(更多)頻道satellitetelevisionservice衛(wèi)星電視業(yè)務(wù)advancesindigitalcommunications數(shù)字通訊的發(fā)展improvethequalityandefficiencyoftelecommunication提高遠程通訊的質(zhì)量和效率moderndigitaltelecommunication現(xiàn)代數(shù)字遠程通訊sendmessagesfasterandmoreaccurately更快、更準確地傳送信息二經(jīng)濟、改革類1旅游業(yè)AboutsixorsevenpercentoftheGrossNationalProductcomesfromtourism.國民生產(chǎn)總值的6%-7%來自旅游業(yè)。beoneofthemajorindustriesofthiscountry是該國主要產(chǎn)業(yè)之一belongtotheserviceindustry屬于服務(wù)性行業(yè)benefitthroughpeacefuldevelopmentandculturalunderstanding從和平發(fā)展和文化認同中獲益carryexchangeandinvestmentto…吸引交流和投資到…focusattentionontheroletourismcanplayineliminationofpoverty重視旅游業(yè)對消除貧困的作用serveasadynamiccatalystofemploment,wealth,investmentandpovertyelimination對就業(yè)、財富、投資和擺脫貧困起到有力的催化作用Tourismbusinesspreservesculturalandheritagetraditions.旅游業(yè)保護傳統(tǒng)和文化遺產(chǎn)。do-it-yourself/independenttravel自助游duringtheheightoftravel在旅游的高峰季節(jié)goldenweekfortourism旅游黃金周visithistoricsites/spots參觀歷史名勝2農(nóng)業(yè)benotfertileenoughtojustifycropping不夠肥沃，所以不值得耕種cultivateinferior開墾貧瘠土地Thesupplyofgoodlandislimited.良田資源是有限的。tofeedalargepopulation養(yǎng)活眾多的人口causepollutionandhealthproblems引起污染和健康問題chemicalfertilizer化肥destroyharmfulinsects消滅害蟲Insecticidesalsokillhelpfulinsects.殺蟲劑也會殺死益蟲。savewaterduringirrigation節(jié)水灌溉useupgroundwater用盡地面水increasefoodproductiontohelpfeedthegrowingworldpopulation提供糧食產(chǎn)量為不斷增加的世界人口提供食物keepsoilfromdryingoutandpreventsthelossofsoil避免土壤干化和流失Oneimportantformofsoilconservationistheuseofwindbreaks.土壤保持的一個重要方法是利用防風(fēng)林。becarriedoutinawaythatdoesnotdamagetheenvironment以一種不破環(huán)環(huán)境的方式被執(zhí)行avoidapossiblegrainshortage避免可能出現(xiàn)的糧食短缺deservetobecalledabroad-mindedpolicy應(yīng)被視為有長遠眼光的策略investmoreinagriculturaltechnology加大對于農(nóng)業(yè)科技的投資Sustainabledevelopmentmethodesaredesignedtosaveresources.開展可持續(xù)發(fā)展的目的在于節(jié)約資源。3政治Politicalsystemshaveevolvesoverseveralcenturies.政治制度是經(jīng)歷了好幾個世紀的發(fā)展演變而來的。undergoaneconomicandpoliticaltransformation經(jīng)歷經(jīng)濟和政治變革wellhandletherelationsamongreform,developmentandstability妥善處理改革、發(fā)展和穩(wěn)定之間的關(guān)系accoplishthegreatcauseofnationalreunification完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)contributetointernationalpeaceandprosperity為國際和平和繁榮作貢獻4經(jīng)濟attractmoreforeigninvestment吸引更多外國投資resources-efficientdevelopmentmode有效利用資源型發(fā)展模式sharpentheinternationalcompetitiveness加強國際競爭力securethefaircompetitiononthemarker保障市場上公平競爭placeemphasisonthefuturedevelopment強調(diào)未來發(fā)展trytogainalargemarketshare謀求更大的市場份額maintainthecompetitivenessinmarketcontests保持在市場競爭中的競爭力reserveandpromotethesoundandcooperativeeconomicandtradetriesbetweenthetwocountries保持和促進兩國之間穩(wěn)健合作的經(jīng)濟和貿(mào)易聯(lián)系三教育、就業(yè)類1教育achieveuniversalcomsulsoryeducation普及全民義務(wù)教育adulteducation成人教育conducttheeducationoftheyoungergeneration對年輕一代進行教育specialeducationforthedisabledchildren為殘疾兒童開設(shè)特殊教育spreadeducation推廣教育takeeducationseriously重視教育befirmlyconvincedthateducationpays堅信受教育是有益的borrowheavilyfromthewesterntraditionsineducation在教育上大量借鑒西方慣例developawell-informed,criticallythinking,andcivicallyengagedcitizenry培養(yǎng)知識豐富、善于獨立思考、能很好履行義務(wù)的公民Familyeducationisasimportantaspubliceducation.家庭教育和學(xué)校教育一樣重要。Knowledgeispricelesstreasure.知識是無價之寶。talenttrainingandqualityeducation人才培養(yǎng)和素質(zhì)教育transmittoyouththebestofourculture將我們最優(yōu)秀的文化傳給青年一代understandthenecessityofeducation懂得教育的必要性alleviate/reduce/lightenburdensonthestudentsofelementaryandsecondaryschools減輕中小學(xué)生負擔(dān)arouseattentionfromallsectorsofsociety引起全社會的注意callforalleviatingburdensonstudents呼吁減輕學(xué)生負擔(dān)Childrengetabettereducationtodaythanatanytimeinthepast.今天的孩子受的教育比以往任何時候都要好。Edutionmustbeconbinedwithpractice.教育必須與實踐相結(jié)合。AcollegeeducationintheUnitedStatesinexpensive.美國大學(xué)教育的費用昂貴。Increasingenrollmentcausesasharpriseineducationalcosts.擴大招生導(dǎo)致教育費用急劇上升。Studentspaytheirtuitionfeesandlivingcostsfromincomeearnedthroughthework-studyprogram.學(xué)生用勤工儉學(xué)的收入繳納學(xué)習(xí)費用和生活費用。2教學(xué)及教學(xué)方法adoptanewapproachinteaching在教學(xué)中采用一套新做法allowmoretimeforindividualinstrucionandgroupdiscussion給予更多時間做個人指導(dǎo)和小組討論impartknowledgetoone’sstudents把知識傳授給學(xué)生involvebothbearningandteaching涉及教與學(xué)兩方面makeradicalimprovementsinteaching從根本上改進教學(xué)sticktothetraditionalteachingmethods固守傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)法teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude因材施教3教學(xué)管理(1)學(xué)校abidebytheschoolrules遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章collectsubscriptionfortheputtingupofacharityschool募捐籌建慈善學(xué)校foundanestablishmentofaprivateschool建立私利學(xué)校makethemosteconomicalofschoolfacilities充分利用學(xué)校資源part-workandpart-studyschool半工半讀學(xué)校(2)學(xué)生beagoodstudentincomparisonwithsb.與某人相比，算是好學(xué)生beconcernedaboutthestudentsideology從思想上關(guān)心學(xué)生beheavilyburdenedwithschoolwork學(xué)校功課負擔(dān)太重dropouts輟學(xué)者encouragethestudentstothinktheirownthoughts鼓勵學(xué)生獨立思考errorscommonamongstudents學(xué)生常犯的錯誤givehearttostudents鼓勵學(xué)生giveindividualattentiontoeachstudent給每個學(xué)生以個別關(guān)注Goodteachersimpartwisdomtohisstudents.好老師賦予學(xué)生智慧。Itisthedutyofastudenttostudyhard.努力學(xué)習(xí)是學(xué)生的本分。self-supportinggraduatestudent自費研究生tryone’sbesttohavethestudentstaketheinitiativeinlearning盡力調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性(3)學(xué)科adevelopingborderlinescience一門正在發(fā)展的邊緣科學(xué)anextensivesubject一門內(nèi)容廣博的學(xué)科completeundergraduatestudy完成本科學(xué)業(yè)inspireself-consciousdebatesovertheworthofabusinessdegree引發(fā)有關(guān)工商學(xué)位價值的討論Scienceandtechnologyareproductiveforces.科學(xué)技術(shù)是生產(chǎn)力。thissubjectanditsnumerousramifications這門學(xué)科以及它的許多分支(4)課程agreatnumberofstudentsareenrolledin…大量學(xué)生報名…approachestoteachingscienceandmathvary科學(xué)課和數(shù)學(xué)課的教學(xué)方法有所不同arrangethecurriculum安排課程attheendofthecourse結(jié)業(yè)時Graduatestudyismoreintensiveandspecialized.研究生學(xué)習(xí)更精深、更專業(yè)。havelesscourses,butingreaterdepth課程少一些，但更深入non-requiredsubjects選修課(5)招生aformofapplicationforenrollment大學(xué)申請表enrollinacollegewithoutbeingstronglymotivated不迫切希望報名就讀某大學(xué)enterforanexamination報名參加考試Entrancerequirementsdiffergreatly.入學(xué)條件很不一樣。increaseenrollment擴招(6)學(xué)歷及文憑acknowledgeadiplomaofgraduation公證一份學(xué)位證書begrantedanofficialcertificatefrom…被授予由…頒發(fā)的正式證書conferdiplomasonmembersofthegraduatingclass向畢業(yè)生頒發(fā)學(xué)位證educationwithrecordofformalschooling學(xué)歷教育obtainalicenseoracertificateforone’sjoborcareer獲得從事自己工作或職業(yè)的執(zhí)照或證書pursuegraduatestudy讀研究生trytoobtaintheundergraduatediplomathroughself-taughtstudy試圖通過自學(xué)獲得本科文憑(7)體制和管理adoptanacademiccreditsystem采取學(xué)分制beastudentoffinequalitiesandfinescholar品學(xué)兼優(yōu)broadmentaldevelopment全面的智能發(fā)展developaninterestinlearning培養(yǎng)學(xué)習(xí)興趣dropoutofschool退學(xué)furthereducation深造implementingthenewstandards實施新的標(biāo)準investigateallsidesofaquestionandallpossiblesolutionstoaproblem調(diào)查研究問題的各個方面及各種可能的解決方法learnadmissionstatus了解錄取情況letterofrecommendation推薦信meetthestandards符合標(biāo)準possessbothpoliticalintegrityandprofessionalability德才兼?zhèn)鋝haketheirconfidence動搖他們的信心4學(xué)習(xí)(1)目標(biāo)與動機achievethegoalonehassetforoneself達到為自己確立的目標(biāo)becompletelyabsorbedinstudy把精力完全貫注在學(xué)習(xí)上derivepleasurefromone’sstudies從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得樂趣distractone’smindfromone’sstudy分散某人學(xué)習(xí)的注意力learnthroughone’svaluableexperience從自己寶貴的經(jīng)驗中學(xué)習(xí)neglectone’sstudies忽視自己的學(xué)習(xí)placethestudyaheadofanythingelse把學(xué)習(xí)放在第一位stimulateoneselftostudy發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)studyharderunderthestimulusofpraise在表揚的激勵下更加努力學(xué)習(xí)studyassiduouslyandperseveringly持之以恒地刻苦學(xué)習(xí)(2)方法和習(xí)慣gainnewinsightsthroughrestudyingoldmaterial溫故而知新laythebasisforfurtherstudy為進一步深造奠定基礎(chǔ)store/stockone’smindwithknowledge用知識充實頭腦Unlessyoustudyhardyouwillnotpasstheexam.除非你用功，否則不會及格(3)考試acertificateexamination證書考試bequiteconfidentofpassingtheexamination堅信自己能通過考試conductanexamination舉行考試gaindistinctionintheexamination考試成績優(yōu)秀takepartintheentranceexamsforgraduateschool考研Weshouldstudyhardatordinarytimestoavoidmakingafranticlast-minuteeffort.我們應(yīng)該平時多燒香，免得考試時臨時抱佛腳。(4)考試，試卷handinanexamination交卷machinescoring機器閱卷takeawrittenexamination參加筆試(5)成績becomecomplacentoveranysuccess一有成績就自滿起來carryforwardone’sachievements發(fā)揚成績comeoffwithhonors以優(yōu)異成績通過measuresb.’ssuccess衡量某人的成績(6)畢業(yè)attentthegraduationceremony參加畢業(yè)典禮beassignedtoworkintheremoteregionaftergraduation畢業(yè)后分配到邊遠地區(qū)berecommendedtothepostgraduateschoolaftercompletingone’sregularcollegecourse本科畢業(yè)后直升研究生begintoworksoonaftergraduating畢業(yè)后不久開始工作Entranceintocollegemeansemploymentsecurity.進入大學(xué)意味著工作有了保障。fillallrequirementsforgraduation具備畢業(yè)的一切條件gaingraduatecertificate/receiveadiploma獲得學(xué)位證書haveindependentmind會獨立思考makefulluseoftalents使人盡其才Thejobhuntfacesthisyear’sgraduates.本屆畢業(yè)生面臨就業(yè)問題。universitystudent’sinnovativeundertaking大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)youngpeopleonthethresholdoflife剛剛進入社會的年輕人5就業(yè)accepttheeditorshipofamagazine接受一家雜志的編輯工作acquireakeypositioninaneminentcompany在一著名公司身居要職beassignedtothepositionof…被分配…的工作beraptinone’snewjob把精力貫注在新工作上engageuponanewposition從事新職業(yè)permanentoccupation固定職業(yè)secureamorelucrativeemployment獲得一份賺錢更多的職業(yè)seekasteadyandwell-paidjob找到既穩(wěn)定有待遇優(yōu)厚的工作allowemployeestocontributeandtofeelpowerfulandimportant讓員工盡責(zé)盡力并意識到自己的作用和重要性workaholic工作狂beadequateforthejob能夠勝任工作bedevoidofprofessionalsense缺乏職業(yè)觀念beveryconscientiousinone’swork對工作負責(zé)Hardandhonestworkisthesurestwaytoestablishment.努力而誠實的工作是最可靠的成功之道。keeppoundingawayatone’swork持續(xù)努力工作measureuptoone’sjobineveryway各方面都能勝任工作putone’swholesoulintoone’swork全神貫注工作dedicatethegreatportionofone’slifeto…把一生的大部分時間致力于…takepaycuts接受降薪anarmyoftheunemployed失業(yè)大軍sincedepressionbegan自從經(jīng)濟蕭條開始以來unemploymentinsurance/payments失業(yè)保險/救助金befired被解雇betherightperson是合適的人選goforthejobinterview參加求職面試gojobhuntingintheweb上網(wǎng)求職relyonone’sownskillsandcapabilitiesforone’ssuccess依賴自己的技能和能力獲得成功thinksb.’sisqualifiedforthejob認為某人有資格勝任這份工作beoptimisticandcooperative樂觀向上，善于與人協(xié)作getsecondstartsincareersthathavegreaterappealto…重新開始一份對…有更大吸引力的工作四家庭類1老年人guaranteeforoldagesecurity給老年人提供保障liveonpension靠養(yǎng)老金生活builduphomesfortheaged建造老人院Asonegetsolder,heismoreliabletohavehealthproblems.年紀大了容易添病。Movementbecomesdifficultwithage.隨著年事的增高行動變得困難。Thevigorofaperson’sbodylessensashegrowsold.人到老年體力就變?nèi)趿?。becalculatedtoprolongone’slife延年益壽thinkyoungandstayyoung精神年輕就能保持年輕threeimportantthingsforalongoldlife:freshair,freshfood,simplelife長壽的三要素：新鮮空氣、新鮮食物、簡單生活Medicalexpensesremainaseriousproblemfortheaged.醫(yī)療開支對于老年人是很大的困難。belonelyandstarvingforcompanionship因孤獨而渴望有人作伴keepactive,alertandopen-minded保持積極向上、機敏和開朗Theworstproblemsoftheoldagearehealth,lonelinessandpersonalsagety.老年人最可怕的問題是健康、孤獨和個人安全。haveacloserelationshipwiththeirchildren與子女保持密切關(guān)系Theoldandtheyoungdonotalwaysunderstandeachother.老年人與年輕人往往不能互相理解。Chinaisanationthatisproudofthevirtueoffilialpiety.中國是一個以孝道為自豪的民族。Filialpietyisdefinedas“ason’sordaughter’sobediencetoandrespectforparents”.孝順指的是兒女對父母的順從和尊敬。havethedutytosupportandassistone’sparents有贍養(yǎng)扶助父母的義務(wù)Weshouldbeconsiderateofthecomfortofoldpeople.我們應(yīng)該為老年人的舒適著想。(2)婦女Changeshavetakenplaceintherolesofwomeninsociety.婦女在社會中的作用發(fā)生了變化。abolishallinequalities消除各個方面的不平等adheretotheprincipleofequality堅持平等的原則competewithmenintheprofessionsonequalterms在職業(yè)生涯上在同等條件下與男人競爭eliminatesexualdiscrimination消除性別歧視enterthelaborforce參加到勞動力大軍中來liberatewomenfromthekitchen把婦女從廚房中解放出來(3)養(yǎng)育子女a(chǎn)rrangeforone’schildren’seducation安排子女的教育事宜givetheirchildrenafirst-rateeducation使得孩子受到第一流的教育havenocontroloverthechildrenatall一點也管不住自己的孩子makechildrenfittoliveinasociety使孩子們適合在社會中生存Parentsshouldberesponsiblefortheirchild’sbehavior.父母應(yīng)對子女的行為負責(zé)。Ajudiciousparentencourageshischildrentodecidemanythingsforthemselves.明智的父母會讓孩子在許多事情上自己做決定。Alltheiraffectioniscenteredontheirchildren.他們的全部愛都集中在孩子身上。betoopermissivewiththeirchildren對孩子有求必應(yīng)beaddictedtonetgames迷戀網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲beeasilyaffected易受影響beself-centered以自我為中心developstrongdislikeforstudying對讀書產(chǎn)生強烈的反感情緒haveprematureloveaffairs早戀neverattainanyindependenceandinitiative沒有養(yǎng)成獨立性和自覺性playtruant逃學(xué)sufferfromnervousness,anxiety,depressionandsoon感到緊張、不安、壓抑等haveheart-to-heartchatswiththem與他們傾心交談helpsb.outofhishoneliness幫助某人擺脫孤獨openthehotline開通熱線setagoodexampletohischildren為孩子樹立好榜樣五文化類bringculturetopeople向人們傳播文化cultureindustry產(chǎn)業(yè)文化screencultrue影視文化classicalart古典藝術(shù)costumeart服裝藝術(shù)programsforprimetime黃金時段節(jié)目chrityperformance義演appearinpublic出現(xiàn)在公眾面前bewellreceived/receiveawarmwelcome/bemostwelcome受歡迎bigshot/topnotch大腕enjoyprivileges享受特權(quán)invitemoviestars,sportsstarsorcelebritiesinentertainmentorliteraturecirclestoshootTVadvertisements請電影明星、體育明星、文藝界名人拍電視廣告seekcelebritycharm追求明星效應(yīng)successfullyplaytothegallery成功地迎合低級趣味，討好觀眾becarefulaboutwhichprogramonewantstowatchandwhichprogramonedoesn’t謹慎決定自己要看什么節(jié)目，不看什么節(jié)目bebothinstructiveandentertaining既有教益又有娛樂性playaposive/negativeroleinthelife在生活中起積極/消極作用dependonwhataperson’slife-styleis取決于個人生活方式occupyone’ssparetime占據(jù)業(yè)余時間seldomthinkoftheeffecttheprogram/showwillhaveonsb.很少考慮節(jié)目對某人的影響Televisionitselfisneithergoodnorbad.電視本身無所謂好或壞。watchrubbishycommercials看低劣的電視廣告escapefromtheboredomofdailylife逃離乏味的日常生活cultureshock文化沖擊experienceadifferentculture體驗不同的文化getintotouchwithothercultures接觸其他文化immerseoneselfindifferentcultures深入了解不同的文化knowhowpeopleliveindefferentpartsoftheworld了解世界其他地方人們?nèi)绾紊顃rulyexpandone’smind真正開闊眼界widen/broaden/expandone’smind使心胸開闊cultivateone’stastesandrelax陶冶情操并休閑放松farawayfrommoderncivilization遠離現(xiàn)代文明Itisnotthefashiontodo…現(xiàn)在不時興…betoobusytofindtimetopursueahobby忙得無暇從事業(yè)余愛好活動takehobbiestodevelopnewinterests從事業(yè)余愛好活動以發(fā)展新的興趣六醫(yī)藥、健康類cultivate/develophealthyhabitsindailylife在日常生活中培養(yǎng)健康的習(xí)慣formgoodlivinghabitsandreformthebadones養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣并摒棄壞的習(xí)慣liveahealthyandproductivelife生活健康向上Adsarenotagoodsourceofhealthcareadvice.對廣告做得保健宣傳不能太相信。havetoadapttoenvironmentdeclines不得不適應(yīng)惡化的環(huán)境improvethehealthofthepeople提高人民健康水平七自然與環(huán)境accepttheneedforconservationofnaturalresources認識到保護自然資源的必要accepttheneedforconservationofwildliferesources認識到保護野生動物的必要begracefulforthebenefitswhichnaturehasso感謝大自然對我們的慷慨恩賜followtheinexorablelawofnature遵循大自然的必然規(guī)律theproblemsoftheworldwaterresources世界水資源問題limitable/limitedresources有限的資源makefulluseofournatureconditions最大限度地利用我們的自然條件putparticularemphasisonthepreservationofnaturalresources重視保護自然資源theeffectofphysicalenvironmentuponman’slife自然環(huán)境對人類生活的影響utilizeallavailableresources/putallavailableresourcestouse利用一切可能的資源bringunnecessarydestructiontonaturalresources對自然資源造成不必要的破壞violatetherulesofnature違反自然規(guī)律Agreattidalwavesweptthecoast.強大的海嘯席卷沿海地區(qū)。beplaguedwithsoilerosion遭受水土流失的困擾globalwarming全球變暖haveasevereshockofearthquake經(jīng)受一次大地震sufferacalamity遭受災(zāi)害makepreparationsagainstnaturaldisaster為預(yù)防自然災(zāi)害做準備establishastablebalanceofnature建立自然的穩(wěn)定平衡recoverfromtheeffectsofnaturaldisasters從自然災(zāi)害的影響中恢復(fù)過來Anychangewillaffectourlifeandourenvironment.任何變化都會影響我們的生活和環(huán)境。Meansofmoderntransportationconsumetoomuchenergy.現(xiàn)代交通工具消耗過多能源。Anecosystemmustremainstable.生態(tài)系統(tǒng)必須保持穩(wěn)定。ecologicalconstruction生態(tài)建設(shè)environmentalgreening環(huán)境綠化八社會問題類Amajorpurposeofadvertisingistoconstructapositiveimageaboutacompany’snameandproducts.廣告宣傳的一個主要目的之一是公司的聲明和產(chǎn)品打造良好形象。Advertisinghasbecomeanindispensablemeansofsellinggoods.廣告宣傳已成為產(chǎn)品銷售的一個不可或缺的手段。cheekytelevisionads厚顏無恥的電視廣告exaggeratedads夸大其詞的廣告Falseadsjeopardizeconsumerrights.虛假廣告侵犯消費者的權(quán)利。complywiththeconsumerprotectionlaw遵守消費者保護法violatetheconsumerrights侵犯消費者的權(quán)利avoidbeingavictimoffraud避免成為欺詐受害者beheldaccountablefortheviolationoflaw被追究違法責(zé)任piracythrivinginthevirtualworld虛擬世界猖獗的盜版行為takedrasticactionsagainstpiratedgoods盜版商品的價值九體育類Ballgamesarewidespread.球類運動很流行。beintopconditionatalltimes隨時保持最佳競技狀態(tài)bekeenonsurfing喜歡沖浪運動bevigorousratherthanskilful與其說是身手不凡不如說是強壯有力anupsurgeinsportsactivities體育運動熱潮developmasssportsactivities開展群眾性體育運動encourageathletics鼓勵開展體育運動Exerciseisthenecessarytostrengthenthebody.運動對于強身健體是必要的。Exerciseisthebestpreservativeofhealth.運動是最好的保健品。Exercisemakesonestrong.生命在于運動。practicewholesomeexercise從事有益健康運動Relaxationexercisescanfreeyourbodyoftension.放松運動可松緩身體的緊張。Sportsmaybeasafetyvalveforpeople’sviolentfeelings.運動是可以使人的強烈感情得以發(fā)泄的穩(wěn)妥方式。takeregularexerciseintheopen經(jīng)常參加戶外運動anuniqueheritage獨特的遺產(chǎn)carryforwardthespiritofOlympics發(fā)揚奧運精神buildupagoodphysiquetodefendthecountry鍛煉身體，保衛(wèi)祖國Donotbecomecocky/bedizzywithsuccess,nordowncastover/discouragedbydefeat.勝不驕，敗不餒。high-moraleandstrongwill;high-spiritedandfirmly-determinded昂揚的斗志和頑強的毅力inthetruespiritofthesportmanship以真正的體育道德精神spiritualpillar精神支柱WhenaskedabouttheongoinguproarinvolvingU.S.PresidentBillClinton,mostpeoplesaytheaffairinvolvesapurelyprivatematter.Butmanyotherpeopleregardhisactionsasdeplorable.Ipersonallythinkthepresidentcommittedimpeachableoffences.當(dāng)被問及對現(xiàn)在有關(guān)美國總統(tǒng)比爾?克林頓的沸沸揚揚的議論有什么看法時，大多數(shù)人認為這種曖昧關(guān)系純屬私事。但是，還有很多人認為他的行為應(yīng)當(dāng)受到譴責(zé)。我個人認為總統(tǒng)犯了這些過錯，應(yīng)該被指控。2.WhenitcomestotheincreasinguseofmotorvehiclesinBeijing,somepeoplethinkthatuseshouldbelimited.Othersarguethattheoppositeistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthtobotharguments,butemissioncontrolsmustbeinstitutedregardlessofthenumberofvehicles.涉及北京機動車使用量增加這一問題，有的人認為應(yīng)該限制使用。另一些人持相反意見。也許雙方的觀點都有一定道理，但是，無論車輛多少，必須對廢氣排放實行控制。3.Thereisageneraldebatenowadaysabouttheproblemofitinerantworkers.Thosewhoobjecttotherisingmigrantpopulationarguethatincreasingnumbersleadtorisingcrimeratesandharmsocialstability.TheybelievethatstrictlimitsshouldbeplacedonmigrantsenteringChina'scities.Butpeoplewhofavortheinfluxofthecheaplaborforce,ontheotherhand,maintainthatmigrantsareneededtosupportthemassiveurbaninfrastructureconstructionprogram.目前，針對流動工人的問題展開了普遍的爭論。反對流動工人增加的人認為這會導(dǎo)致犯罪率升高，從而危害社會穩(wěn)定。他們主張應(yīng)該嚴格限制進入中國城市的流動工人。但是，另一方面，支持廉價勞動力流入的人主張，為了支持大規(guī)模的城市基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)規(guī)劃，流動人口是必需的。4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatextensivedeforestationcontributedtoheavysummerflooding.ExpertsarguethatChinamustintroduceamassiveafforestationprogram.ButIdoubtwhetherafforestationalonewillsolvetheproblem.人們普遍認為過度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。專家認為中國必須推行大規(guī)模的植樹造林計劃。但我對僅僅植樹造林就能解決問題表示懷疑。5.Mostpeopleareoftheopinionthatwealthprovidessolutionstoallproblems.Butinspiteofthematerialbenefitswealthprovides,Ibelieveoneshouldabandonthepursuitofmaterialismandinsteadconcentrateonthepursuitofhappiness.大多數(shù)人認為財富為所有問題提供解決的辦法。但是，我認為，盡管財富提供物質(zhì)上的利益，一個人應(yīng)該放棄物質(zhì)至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。6.Manypeoplebelievethatcapitalpunishmentdeterscrime.Butalthoughcriminologistshaveconductedexhaustiveresearchregardingthesubject,littleevidenceexiststosupporttheclaim.很多人相信極刑能阻止犯罪。但是，雖然刑事學(xué)家就這一課題做了詳盡的研究，幾乎沒有證據(jù)能支持這種說法。7.Anincreasingnumberofpeoplearejoiningthe"InformationAge"viatheInternet.Inreactiontothephenomenon,somesaytheInternethasremovedbarrtersandprovidedpeoplewithimmediateaccesstotheworld.Butdotheyraelizethatrapidlyadvancinginformationtechnologycanalsoleadtointrusionsofprivacy?越來越多的人通過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)進入了“信息時代”。針對這一現(xiàn)象，一些人認為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)消除了障礙，為人們提供了與世界即時鏈接的途徑。但是，他們有沒有意識到迅速發(fā)展的信息技術(shù)也能導(dǎo)致侵犯隱私?8.Theuseofguanxiisawidespreadmethodforconductingbusiness,butisitawiseone?Themethodisnowbeingchallengedbymoreandmorepeople.利用關(guān)系是做生意的普遍做法，但這種做法明智嗎?現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人對這種方法提出了質(zhì)疑。9.Thesedaysweoftenhearaboutthewideninggapbetweentherichandpoor.Somearguethedevelopedworldhastotallyignoredtheproblem.Buthasit?Closeexaminationfailstobearouttheargument.最近，我們經(jīng)常聽到貧富差距擴大了的說法。一些人認為發(fā)達世界完全忽略了這個問題。事實是這樣嗎?細致的調(diào)查無法證實這一觀點。10.We'reoftentoldthattheworldistetheringonthebrinkofdestruction.Butisthisreallythecase?我們經(jīng)常被告知世界處于毀滅的邊緣。但事實真是這樣嗎?11.Oneofthepressingproblemafacingournation(China)todayisovercomingdisparitiesinurbanandruralincomelevels.我們國家(中國)如今面臨的緊迫問題之一是克服城鄉(xiāng)收入水平之間的差距。12.Oneofthemostseriousproblemsmanypeopletalkaboutcentersonthelackofadequatehousingspace.許多人談?wù)摰囊粋€最嚴重的問題集中在缺乏足夠的居住空間。13.Perhapsthemostdangerousphenomenongrippingthenationtodayisofficialcorruption,whichispervasiveinalllevelsofgovernment.也許當(dāng)今困擾國家的最危險的現(xiàn)象是遍布各級政府的官員腐敗。14.Inflationisyetanothernewandbittertruthwemustlearntoface.通貨膨脹又是一個我們必須學(xué)會面對的痛苦的新情況。15.Therapidexpansionofurbanareashasinmanycasesencroachedonvaluablecultivatableland,andledtoageneralrecognitionthatdevelopmentmustnotbecarriedatthecostofagriculture.Thegovernmenthasattachedgreaterimportancetotheproblemandanincreasingnumberofredundantprojectsarebeingterminated.城區(qū)的迅速擴大在很多情況下侵占了寶貴的可耕地，使人們普遍認識到發(fā)展不能以犧牲農(nóng)業(yè)為代價。政府更加重視這個問題，越來越多的不必要的工程被終止。16.Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessoftheneedforstrengthenedenvironmentalprotection.世界上越來越多的人認識到加強環(huán)境保護的必要性。17.TherehasbeenadramaticincreaseinthespreadofHIV/AIDSinrecentyears,withanewstudyprojectingthatthedreadeddiseasewillaffectover30millionpeopleworldwidebytheyear2005.近年來，艾滋病蔓延的幅度進一步擴大，一項新的研究預(yù)測，到2005年，世界上有超過三千萬人將感染這一可怕的疾病。18.Workingwiththedisabledcannothelpbutleaveoneimpressedwiththeirindefatigabledesire.與殘疾人一起工作使一個人不得不對他們堅持不懈的渴望印象深刻。19.Perhapsnoissuesaremorecontroversialthaneuthanasiaandabortion,bothofwhichinvolvetakingthelifeofahumanbeing.也許沒有問題比安樂死和人工流產(chǎn)更有爭議性，它們都涉及結(jié)束一個人的生命。20.Neverbeforeinhistoryhastheissueofoverpopulationbeenmoreevidentthannow.歷史上，人口過剩的問題從來沒有比現(xiàn)在更加突出。21.Perhapsitistimetoreexaminetheideathatcollegedegreesareaguaranteeofintelligence.也許現(xiàn)在是應(yīng)該重新考慮大學(xué)為是智力的保證這種想法的時候了。22.Agrowingnumberofpeoplearebeginningtorealizethatwealthisnotthesoleprerequisiteforhappiness.越來越多的人開始意識到財富不是幸福的惟一先決條件。23.Inspiteoftheextraordinaryprogressmadeinscienceandtechnology,problemsremainintermsofguaranteeingthatachievementsbenefitthegreatestnumberofpeople.盡管科學(xué)技術(shù)取得了非凡的進步，但是在保證進步成果使盡可能多的人受益這方面還存在一些問題。24.Afamousthinkeroncewrotethat"thegreatestthreattomankindismankinditself!"Ifthisisindeedthecase,thenthecurrentsituationshouldmakeusponderourfutuerexistence.一位著名的思想家曾經(jīng)寫道：“對人類最大的威脅是人類自身!”如果事實確實如此，那么，現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)該促使我們對我們未來的生存進行思索了。25.U.S.PresidentHarryTrumanonceremarked:"Thebuckstopshere!"Hisviewhasbeenconfirmedbynumerousworldleaderswhohaveassumedfullresponsibilityfortheiractions.美國總統(tǒng)杜魯門曾經(jīng)說過：“責(zé)任止于此!”(意為勿再把責(zé)任往別處推，這是杜魯門辦公室桌上的座右銘)他的觀點得到了很多對自己的行動承擔(dān)完全責(zé)任的世界領(lǐng)袖的肯定。26.Largefamilieswereonceseenasablessing.Today,however,thingsarechangingandanincreasingnumberofChineseparentsrealizethatfewerisbetter.大家庭曾經(jīng)被看做是一種福氣。然而，今天，情況改變了，越來越多的中國家長意識到家庭成員越少越好。27.Peopleusedtoplacetotalrelianceonthegovernment.Theso-called"ironricebowl"prevailedinthepast,butthingsarequitedifferenttoday.過去，人們習(xí)慣完全依靠政府。以前盛行所謂的“鐵飯碗”，但今天的情況有很大的不同。28.Severalyearsago,Chinesestreetswerefilledwithpeoplewearingidenticaldrabclothing.Today,however,thingsarequitedifferentandthestreetsareawashwithpeoplewearingfashionablebrightcoloredoutfits.Whyhasthechangetakenplace?許多年前，中國大街上的人都穿一樣的灰褐色衣服。然而，今天的情況大不一樣了，街上滿是一個個身穿色彩艷麗的時髦衣服的人。出現(xiàn)這種變化的原因是什么呢?29.Yearsofobservinghumanbehaviorhasenabledmetoconcludethatthemajordifferencebetweenmediocrityandsuccessliessolelywiththeindividualconcerned.Successfulindividualsconsistentlyseekadvancement,whiletheirlessindustriouscontemporariesaremerelycontentwiththestatusquo.對人們行為的多年觀察使我能夠得出這樣的結(jié)論：平庸和成功的主要區(qū)別僅僅在于相關(guān)的個人。成功的個人不斷尋求進步，而他們比較懶惰的同時代人僅僅滿足于現(xiàn)狀。30.Traditionalwayofthinkinghavechangeddramatically.Thependulumhasswungandpeopleareexhibitinggreateropen-mindednessandaburningdesiretodeteminetheirowndestiny.傳統(tǒng)的思維方式有了顯著的變化。輿論發(fā)生了劇變，人們表現(xiàn)出更開放的思想以及決定他們自己命運的強烈愿望。31.Therehasbeenundesirabletrendinrecentyearstowardstheworshipofmoney.ArecentsurveyshowedthatXpercentofrespondentsrankedgettingrichastheirtoppriority,comparedtoXpercentonlyafewyearsago.Whydopeoplefailtorealizethatwealthdoesnotnecessarilybringhappiness?近年來出現(xiàn)了對社會有害的拜金主義傾向。最近的一項調(diào)查表明，X%的調(diào)查對象把致富作為他們的首選，相比之下，就在幾年前，只有X%的人這樣想。為什么人們沒能意識到財富不一定帶來幸福呢?32.Somemonthsago,afriendofminewaskilledinatragicautomobileaccidentinvolvingadrunkdriver.Theincidentwasfarfromrare,andwasinfacttypicalofthousandsofcasesinvolvingpeopledricingundertheinfluenceofalcohol.幾個月前，我的一個朋友死于一