人教版2025年中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)專題05形容詞、副詞精講(學(xué)生版+解析)

專題05.形容詞、副詞精講考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)圖知識(shí)1形容詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及位置1．定義說明人或事物的特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，常用來修飾名詞或復(fù)合不定代詞的詞叫形容詞。2．位置（1）作定語，一般放在名詞之前，復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：Theprettygirlismysister.這個(gè)漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。Tellmesomethinginteresting.給我說一些有趣的事。（2）作表語，放在系動(dòng)詞之后。如：Helookshappy.他看起來很開心。注意有少數(shù)形容詞只能作表語，如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well(健康的)等。（3）作賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語之后，常與make、leave、keep等動(dòng)詞連用。如：Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.你必須閉著眼睛。二、-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞重點(diǎn)-ing形容詞表示主動(dòng)意義，多指事物對(duì)人的影響，一般修飾事物。-ed形容詞表示被動(dòng)意義，多指人對(duì)事物的感受，一般修飾或形容人，常用于“sb.＋系動(dòng)詞＋-ed形容詞＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的Ihaveanbook.我有一本有趣的書。Heisinscience.他對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣。boring令人厭煩的bored感覺無聊的Ifindthismovietotally.我覺得這部電影無聊透頂。Itwasacold,rainydayandthekidswere.那是個(gè)寒冷的下雨天，孩子們覺得無聊。exciting激動(dòng)人心的excited激動(dòng)的Haveyouheardofthenews？你聽說這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的消息了嗎？Weareaboutthetraveling.我們對(duì)這次旅行感到很興奮。disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的Itisatrip.這是一次令人失望的旅行。Wewereattheresult.我們對(duì)結(jié)果感到失望。surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的Thisisastory.這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的故事。Iamatthenews.我對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到驚訝。moving令人感動(dòng)的moved受感動(dòng)的Titanicisafilm.《泰坦尼克號(hào)》是一部感人的電影。Wearedeeply.我們深受感動(dòng)。satisfying令人滿意／滿足的satisfied感到滿意／滿足的Thisisaresult.這是一個(gè)令人滿意的結(jié)果。Areyouwiththenewdesign？你對(duì)這個(gè)新設(shè)計(jì)滿意嗎？tiring令人疲倦的tired疲倦的It’salongday.這是漫長(zhǎng)而令人疲倦的一天。I'mtoo.我太疲倦了。知識(shí)2副詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及分類1．定義副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念。類型典型詞匯用法頻度副詞always（總是）、usually（通常）、often（時(shí)常）、sometimes（有時(shí)）、seldom（很少）、hardly（幾乎不）、never（從不）（頻率從高到低）表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率方式副詞quickly、happily、loudly、suddenly、luckily、badly、easily、fast等表示動(dòng)作的行為方式程度副詞very、quite、rather、too、much、so等表示動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一個(gè)副詞的強(qiáng)度或程度，通常放在其修飾的詞前時(shí)間副詞now、then、today、tomorrow、yesterday、before、ago、soon、lately等表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，是確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志地點(diǎn)副詞outside、inside、upstairs、here、there、home、near、away、in、back、off、up、anywhere等表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)或位置關(guān)系疑問副詞（詞組）when、where、why、how、howlong、howsoon、howoften,howfar等用于構(gòu)成特殊疑問句二、常見副詞（短語）詞義辨析1.howlong、howsoon、howoften、howfar重點(diǎn)易混短語用法例句howlong-HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?-Forthreemonths.-Howlongisthisriver?-It'sabout3,000km.howsoon-Howsoonwillhecomeback?-Infiveminutes.howoften-Howoftendoyouvisityourgrand-parents?-Onceaweek.howfar-Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?-About5minutes'busride/twokilometers.2．hard和hardly易混詞用法例句hardWeshouldstudyhard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。Itwasraininghardwhenwesetoff.我們出發(fā)時(shí)正下著大雨。hardlyWehardlyknoweachother.我們彼此還不大認(rèn)識(shí)。3．too、enough和so易混詞用法例句tooThemanistoooldtolookafterhimself.這個(gè)人年紀(jì)太大了，不能照顧他自己。enoughTheboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.這個(gè)男孩跑得足夠快，能贏得這次比賽。soThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.這個(gè)照相機(jī)太貴了以至于我買不起。4．其他?？几痹~abroad在國(guó)外almost幾乎alone獨(dú)自carefully小心地especially尤其exactly確切地finally最后，終于instead替代nearly幾乎once曾經(jīng)，一次probably大概simply僅僅properly合適地recently最近directly直接地however然而besides此外，而且suddenly突然right正好，恰好，直接地知識(shí)3形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)一、形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的構(gòu)成1．規(guī)則變化類別構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般直接加-er，-estlongtallhard以字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r，-stlatelarge以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把y變成i，再加-er，-esteasyhappyearly重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er,-estbighot多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mostcarefulbeautifulcarefully2．不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbad/badlymany/muchlittlefar注意less和least也可用來構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，表示“較／最不······”，如selfish→lessselfish→leastselfish。二．形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的主要結(jié)構(gòu)比較級(jí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句比較級(jí)＋than比·····更TheweatherhereisthatinYunnan.這里的天氣比云南的更熱。Tomishard-working.Iworkhim.湯姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)越來越It'sgettinginspring.春天天氣變得越來越暖和。the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...越····，就越······youreadEnglish,youwillbeatit.你讀英語讀得越多，你就會(huì)越擅長(zhǎng)英語。Which/What/Who...＋比較級(jí)，AorB？哪一個(gè)／什么／誰更·····，A還是B？Whoplaystennis,MikeorSam？誰網(wǎng)球打得更好，邁克還是薩姆？“much/alot/far;even;alittle／abit＋比較級(jí)”，用于加強(qiáng)語氣······得多；甚至更······;更······一點(diǎn)High-speedtrainsrunthannormaltrains.高鐵比普通列車行駛得快得多。the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo...兩者中較······的那一個(gè)Anneistheofthetwogirls.安妮是這兩個(gè)女孩中較高的那個(gè)。2.最高級(jí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句the＋最高級(jí)（＋單數(shù)名詞）+in/of.........中最······的Jimisthe(student)inhisclass.吉姆是班上最高的。Ijump(the)ofallthestudentsinourclass.我是我們班跳得最遠(yuǎn)的。oneofthe＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋in/of...最······的·····之一BeijingisoneoftheinChina.北京是中國(guó)最古老的城市之一。the＋序數(shù)詞＋形容詞最高級(jí)第幾最······TheYellowRiverisriverinChina.黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。3.表示兩者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方時(shí)，用“as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)＋as”或“notas／so＋形容詞或副詞原級(jí)＋as”來表達(dá)。如：Ithinkscienceisasimportantasmath.我認(rèn)為科學(xué)同數(shù)學(xué)一樣重要。TomrunsasfastasJack.湯姆跑得和杰克一樣快。Ican'ttypeas/sofastasmybrother.我打字不如我弟弟快。知識(shí)4形容詞和副詞構(gòu)詞法重點(diǎn)一、加詞綴構(gòu)成的形容詞1．名詞／動(dòng)詞變形容詞的常見后綴后綴意義例詞-y充滿······的、多······的有······的cloud-cloudywind-windyluck-lucky-ern······方位的、朝······方向的west-westerneast-eastern-ly······般的、每······的friend-friendlymother-motherlyweek-weeklymonth-monthly-en······材質(zhì)的wood-woodengold-golden-al有······性質(zhì)的education-educational-ful充滿······的、具有······特點(diǎn)的care-carefulpeace-peaceful-less無······的hope-hopeless-ous具有······的danger-dangerous-ant/-ent是······的importance-importantdiffer-different-an與······有關(guān)的、屬于······的Asia-AsianAmerica-American-able可······的enjoy-enjoyable-ive與······有關(guān)的、有·····性質(zhì)／傾向的produce-productivecreate-creative形容詞常見的否定前綴否定前綴例詞un-lucky-unluckyhealthy-unhealthyin-correct-incorrectexpensive-inexpensiveim-polite-impolitepossible-impossible二、形容詞變副詞類別構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加-lyquick-quicklycorrect-correctly輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾把y變i，再加-lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyle結(jié)尾去e，加ypossible-possiblyprobable-probablyll結(jié)尾只加yfull-fully其他情況true-truly（真誠(chéng)地；確實(shí)）考點(diǎn)綜合練一、從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞限用一次。usualpopularabletrueseriouslonghighheavycarefulhealthy1．WhenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____________illandneededattentionallthetime.2．Duringthe________winterholidayin2020,theyjoinedateamofvolunteerstohelpcheckpeople'sinformationandspreadknowledgeaboutthedisease.3．Iwasso__________thatIlostthekeytomyhousethismorning.4．Well,atleastthisexperiencewill________themtolearnfromtheirmistakes.5．Myhairisas____asLily's.Wearetwinsisters.6．—Whatisthe________mountainintheworld?—MountQomolangma.7．Themoreyougoexercising,the____________youwillfeel.Justtryit!8．Thereweremanykindsoftrees.However,mulberrytrees（桑樹）andfruittreeswerethe________________ofall.Peoplealllikethesetrees.9．Amongtheboys,Jackisthesecond__________one.Heeatslotsofjunkfood.10．Mybrotheris______angryaboutwhat'shappenedtohim.二．.單句填空1．[2024長(zhǎng)沙雅禮一模]Itsymbolizesatimeforfamilytogettogetherandthe____________（meaning）beginningofthenewyear.2．[2024株洲模擬改編]Anepilepticfit（癲癇發(fā)作）couldcausesomeonetofalloverandgethurt.Ifithappenswhenpeopleareswimmingorbathingalone,itcanbevery____________（danger）.3．[2024湖南聯(lián)考]It’sreallya____________（wonder）andunforgettableMayDayforme.Fromthatexperience,Ilearnedthemeaningoflaborandsomethingdifferent.4．[2024永州一模]Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodchancetoteachmychildrentohelpthosewhowere____________（unlucky）thanthemselves.5．[2024長(zhǎng)沙長(zhǎng)郡二模]Ouryouthisalsoliketakingstudy____________（serious）overthedeepnight.6．[2024長(zhǎng)沙模擬]Themascotis____________（careful）designed（設(shè)計(jì)）.Ittakestwomonthstofinishdesigningthemascot.7．[2024邵陽模擬]Theunhealthyfoodmadeherfeeltiredeasily.Shedidn’thaveenoughenergyattheendofthedayandoftenfelt________（sleep）.8．[2024常德模擬改編]Hethoughtthatheworked________（hard）thanBobby.9．[2024長(zhǎng)沙模擬]Theuseofrobotcaregiversmaymakethesituationeven______（bad）thanthis.10．[2024湖南聯(lián)考]In2006,HuangYongyudonated（捐贈(zèng)）a__________（person）artmuseuminJishouUniversityforfree,whichisinwesternHunan,nearhishometown.11．[2024常德一模]Forexample,somestudentsalwaysputofftheirstudyingwhentheyarealone.________,byjoiningastudygroup,theyseetheirhardworkingpartnersandaremorelikelytofinishtheworkontime.12．[2023岳陽改編]Mindhealthisas____________（important）asbodyhealth.13．[2023懷化改編]XuMengtaoisoneofthe______________（famous）playersinChina.14．[2023常德]—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—______（two）aweek.15．[2023常德]Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery____（good）.16．[2023郴州改編]It’soneof________________（happy）thingsintheworldtostaywithourfamilymembers.17．[2023永州]ThreeChineseastronautsonboardtheShenzhou-15mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarth________（safe）onJune4,2023,completingtheirsix-monthspacestationtask.18．[2023常德]TheYangtzeRiverisoneof______________（long）riversintheworld.19．[2023株洲改編]ChatGPTisoneof______________（hot）AImodelsthesedays.20．[2022懷化改編]TheairinHuaihuais________（good）thanbefore.21．[2022長(zhǎng)沙]__________（recent）,thegovernmenthasbeenworkingtogetherwithauniversityandsomebuildingcompanies（公司）tobuildhousesthatarefully3D-printed.22．[2022常德]—Whatwillthefuturebelike?—Citieswillbe__________________（beautiful）.Andtherewillbemoretrees.23．[2021益陽改編]AlthoughtheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina,itis________（short）thantheNile,thelongestriverintheworld.24．[2021長(zhǎng)沙]Aloneand________（hunger）,hewalkedonthestreetsofthecity.25．[2021郴州改編]Ithink______________（early）childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.26．[2021衡陽改編]Thelittleboywas____________（interest）inallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.二.形容詞和副詞填空AHaveyouevertriedwritingapoem?Maybeyouthinkitisimpossible1.

（especial）ifyoudonotthinkyouarenaturally2.

（create）.Butifyoufollowthestepsbelow,youcanalsowritea3.

（good）poemthanyouexpected.Youwillbe4.

（pride）toshareitwithyourfriends.◆Pickatheme（主題）thatinterestsyou.Findthethemethatyouareinterestedin.Startyourpoemwithaclearidea.“Loveandfriendship”isalwaysthethemeofapoem.◆Chooseaformforyourpoem.Getyourmindsworkingbypickingapoeticform.Youmaychooseapoeticformthatyoufindeasy.◆Useyourimagination.Youshouldalwaystrytodescribesomethingusingthefivesenses.Theyaresmell,taste,touch,sightandhearing.Usingimaginationwillleadyourreadersintotheworldofyourpoemandmakeimages（意象）comealiveforthem.◆Makeuseofspecialexpressions.Youcoulduse“theheartofstone”“as5.

（white）assnow”andsoon.Withtheseexpressions,yourpoemwillbedifferent.Theycanmakeyourpoemapieceof6.

（wonder）worktoyourreaders.BAllaboard!Let’stakearideontheworld’shighestrailway—theQinghai-XizangRailway（青藏鐵路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthis7.

（beauty）land.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,let’slearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It’s8.

（true）oneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theQinghai-XizangRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld’shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld’shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthe9.

（long）tunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（永久凍土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenthatweareusedtobreathing.Butdon’tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogeta10.

（person）oxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedonplanes.Hereareafew11.

（many）thingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.12.

（Final）,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生態(tài)環(huán)境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoXizangisleavinginfifteenminutes.四.選詞填空選擇方框中的詞并用其適當(dāng)形式填空（每詞限用一次）。truebeautifullovelyyoungsocheerfulItwasasummerday.Anoldmanwastakingawalkdownahill1.

.Hewipedthesweat（擦汗）fromhisfaceandstartedsingingasong.Suddenly,heheardavoice.“Hello,sir.”Theoldmanturnedaround,buthesawnoone.“I’mhere,”thevoicecamefrombesidehisfeet.Theoldmanlookeddownandsawa2.

flower.“Sir,wouldyoumindansweringaquestion?”askedtheflower.“Certainlynot.Whatdoyouwanttoknow?”saidtheoldman.Theflowerhesitated（猶豫）forasecondandsaid,“Whyareyou3.

happy?Youarenot4.

andmaybeyoudon’thavemanydaysleft.”Theflowerwenton,“MydayshavepassedandI’mgoingtowither（枯萎）.Thatmakesmesad.”Theoldmanlaughed,“Yes,Idon’thavemanydaysleft.Butsowhat?Whywastesucha5.

dayonsomethingthathasn’thappened?What’sgoneisgone.What’stocomeistocome.Youcan’tchangeit.Butyoucandecidetoenjoythisverymomentthatyou6.

have.”Andhedidn’twaitfortheflowertorespond（回應(yīng)）.Hejustwalkedaway,continuingwiththehappysonghehadbeensinging.專題05.形容詞、副詞精講考點(diǎn)導(dǎo)圖知識(shí)1形容詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及位置1．定義說明人或事物的特征、性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，常用來修飾名詞或復(fù)合不定代詞的詞叫形容詞。2．位置（1）作定語，一般放在名詞之前，復(fù)合不定代詞之后。如：Theprettygirlismysister.這個(gè)漂亮的女孩是我妹妹。Tellmesomethinginteresting.給我說一些有趣的事。（2）作表語，放在系動(dòng)詞之后。如：Helookshappy.他看起來很開心。注意有少數(shù)形容詞只能作表語，如alone,afraid,asleep,awake,alive,well(健康的)等。（3）作賓語補(bǔ)足語，放在賓語之后，常與make、leave、keep等動(dòng)詞連用。如：Youmustkeepyoureyesclosed.你必須閉著眼睛。二、-ing形容詞和-ed形容詞重點(diǎn)-ing形容詞表示主動(dòng)意義，多指事物對(duì)人的影響，一般修飾事物。-ed形容詞表示被動(dòng)意義，多指人對(duì)事物的感受，一般修飾或形容人，常用于“sb.＋系動(dòng)詞＋-ed形容詞＋介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。-ing形容詞-ed形容詞例句interesting有趣的interested感興趣的Ihaveaninterestingbook.我有一本有趣的書。Heisinterestedinscience.他對(duì)科學(xué)感興趣。boring令人厭煩的bored感覺無聊的Ifindthismovietotallyboring.我覺得這部電影無聊透頂。Itwasacold,rainydayandthekidswerebored.那是個(gè)寒冷的下雨天，孩子們覺得無聊。exciting激動(dòng)人心的excited激動(dòng)的Haveyouheardoftheexcitingnews？你聽說這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的消息了嗎？Weareexcitedaboutthetraveling.我們對(duì)這次旅行感到很興奮。disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的Itisadisappointingtrip.這是一次令人失望的旅行。Weweredisappointedattheresult.我們對(duì)結(jié)果感到失望。surprising令人驚訝的surprised驚訝的Thisisasurprisingstory.這是一個(gè)令人驚訝的故事。Iamsurprisedatthenews.我對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到驚訝。moving令人感動(dòng)的moved受感動(dòng)的Titanicisamovingfilm.《泰坦尼克號(hào)》是一部感人的電影。Wearedeeplymoved.我們深受感動(dòng)。satisfying令人滿意／滿足的satisfied感到滿意／滿足的Thisisasatisfyingresult.這是一個(gè)令人滿意的結(jié)果。Areyousatisfiedwiththenewdesign？你對(duì)這個(gè)新設(shè)計(jì)滿意嗎？tiring令人疲倦的tired疲倦的It’salongtiringday.這是漫長(zhǎng)而令人疲倦的一天。I'mtootired.我太疲倦了。知識(shí)2副詞的用法及詞義辨析一、定義及分類1．定義副詞是指在句子中表示行為或狀態(tài)特征的詞，用以修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞或全句，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念。類型典型詞匯用法頻度副詞always（總是）、usually（通常）、often（時(shí)常）、sometimes（有時(shí)）、seldom（很少）、hardly（幾乎不）、never（從不）（頻率從高到低）表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率方式副詞quickly、happily、loudly、suddenly、luckily、badly、easily、fast等表示動(dòng)作的行為方式程度副詞very、quite、rather、too、much、so等表示動(dòng)詞、形容詞或另一個(gè)副詞的強(qiáng)度或程度，通常放在其修飾的詞前時(shí)間副詞now、then、today、tomorrow、yesterday、before、ago、soon、lately等表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間，是確定句子時(shí)態(tài)的重要標(biāo)志地點(diǎn)副詞outside、inside、upstairs、here、there、home、near、away、in、back、off、up、anywhere等表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)或位置關(guān)系疑問副詞（詞組）when、where、why、how、howlong、howsoon、howoften,howfar等用于構(gòu)成特殊疑問句二、常見副詞（短語）詞義辨析1.howlong、howsoon、howoften、howfar重點(diǎn)易混短語用法例句howlong意為“多久，多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，對(duì)一個(gè)持續(xù)的時(shí)間段提問，常用“for＋時(shí)間段”和“since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)”回答-HowlonghaveyoubeeninChina?-Forthreemonths.意為“（長(zhǎng)度）多長(zhǎng)”，對(duì)某一事物的長(zhǎng)度進(jìn)行提問，答語一般會(huì)出現(xiàn)米（meter）或千米（kilometer）等單位-Howlongisthisriver?-It'sabout3,000km.howsoon意為“多快，多久”，用于一般將來時(shí)的句子中，側(cè)重在多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)完成或發(fā)生，常用“in＋時(shí)間段”回答-Howsoonwillhecomeback?-Infiveminutes.howoften意為“多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間一次”，對(duì)頻率提問，常用once／twice/threetimesaday/week/month等回答-Howoftendoyouvisityourgrand-parents?-Onceaweek.howfar意為“多遠(yuǎn)”，對(duì)距離提問，常用“數(shù)字＋距離單位”或“數(shù)字＋時(shí)間單位＋ride／drive／walk”等回答-Howfarisitfromyourhometoyourschool?-About5minutes'busride/twokilometers.2．hard和hardly易混詞用法例句hard意為“努力地；大量地；猛烈地”Weshouldstudyhard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。Itwasraininghardwhenwesetoff.我們出發(fā)時(shí)正下著大雨。hardly意為“幾乎不”，表示否定含義Wehardlyknoweachother.我們彼此還不大認(rèn)識(shí)。3．too、enough和so易混詞用法例句too意為“太”，用于“too...to....”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示否定意義，意為“太······而不能”Themanistoooldtolookafterhimself.這個(gè)人年紀(jì)太大了，不能照顧他自己。enough意為“足夠”，用于“形容詞／副詞原形＋enoughto...”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“足夠·····能”Theboyrunsfastenoughtowinthegame.這個(gè)男孩跑得足夠快，能贏得這次比賽。so意為“如此”，常用于“so...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“如此······以至于”ThecameraissoexpensivethatIcan'taffordit.這個(gè)照相機(jī)太貴了以至于我買不起。4．其他?？几痹~abroad在國(guó)外almost幾乎alone獨(dú)自carefully小心地especially尤其exactly確切地finally最后，終于instead替代nearly幾乎once曾經(jīng)，一次probably大概simply僅僅properly合適地recently最近directly直接地however然而besides此外，而且suddenly突然right正好，恰好，直接地知識(shí)3形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)一、形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的構(gòu)成1．規(guī)則變化類別構(gòu)成方法原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般直接加-er，-estlongtallhardlongertallerharderlongesttallesthardest以字母e結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加-r，-stlatelargelaterlargerlatestlargest以“輔音字母＋y”結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)詞，把y變成i，再加-er，-esteasyhappyearlyeasierhappierearlierearliest重讀閉音節(jié)詞詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫該輔音字母，再加-er,-estbighotbiggerhotterbiggesthottest多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在詞前加more或mostcarefulbeautifulcarefullymorecarefulmorebeautifulmorecarefullymostcarefulmostbeautifulmostcarefully2．不規(guī)則變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest注意less和least也可用來構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)，表示“較／最不······”，如selfish→lessselfish→leastselfish。二．形容詞和副詞比較等級(jí)的主要結(jié)構(gòu)比較級(jí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句比較級(jí)＋than比·····更TheweatherhereishotterthanthatinYunnan.這里的天氣比云南的更熱。Tomishard-working.Iworkmuchharderthanhim.湯姆工作努力，我比他工作更加努力。比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)越來越It'sgettingwarmerandwarmerinspring.春天天氣變得越來越暖和。the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...越····，就越······ThemoreyoureadEnglish,thebetteryouwillbeatit.你讀英語讀得越多，你就會(huì)越擅長(zhǎng)英語。Which/What/Who...＋比較級(jí)，AorB？哪一個(gè)／什么／誰更·····，A還是B？Whoplaystennisbetter,MikeorSam？誰網(wǎng)球打得更好，邁克還是薩姆？“much/alot/far;even;alittle／abit＋比較級(jí)”，用于加強(qiáng)語氣······得多；甚至更······;更······一點(diǎn)High-speedtrainsrunmuchfasterthannormaltrains.高鐵比普通列車行駛得快得多。the＋比較級(jí)＋ofthetwo...兩者中較······的那一個(gè)Anneisthetallerofthetwogirls.安妮是這兩個(gè)女孩中較高的那個(gè)。2.最高級(jí)常用結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)含義例句the＋最高級(jí)（＋單數(shù)名詞）+in/of.........中最······的Jimisthetallest(student)inhisclass.吉姆是班上最高的。Ijump(the)farthestofallthestudentsinourclass.我是我們班跳得最遠(yuǎn)的。oneofthe＋形容詞最高級(jí)＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)＋in/of...最······的·····之一BeijingisoneoftheoldestcitiesinChina.北京是中國(guó)最古老的城市之一。the＋序數(shù)詞＋形容詞最高級(jí)第幾最······TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.黃河是中國(guó)第二長(zhǎng)河。3.表示兩者在某一方面相同或一方在某方面不如另一方時(shí)，用“as+形容詞或副詞原級(jí)＋as”或“notas／so＋形容詞或副詞原級(jí)＋as”來表達(dá)。如：Ithinkscienceisasimportantasmath.我認(rèn)為科學(xué)同數(shù)學(xué)一樣重要。TomrunsasfastasJack.湯姆跑得和杰克一樣快。Ican'ttypeas/sofastasmybrother.我打字不如我弟弟快。知識(shí)4形容詞和副詞構(gòu)詞法重點(diǎn)一、加詞綴構(gòu)成的形容詞1．名詞／動(dòng)詞變形容詞的常見后綴后綴意義例詞-y充滿······的、多······的有······的cloud-cloudywind-windyluck-lucky-ern······方位的、朝······方向的west-westerneast-eastern-ly······般的、每······的friend-friendlymother-motherlyweek-weeklymonth-monthly-en······材質(zhì)的wood-woodengold-golden-al有······性質(zhì)的education-educational-ful充滿······的、具有······特點(diǎn)的care-carefulpeace-peaceful-less無······的hope-hopeless-ous具有······的danger-dangerous-ant/-ent是······的importance-importantdiffer-different-an與······有關(guān)的、屬于······的Asia-AsianAmerica-American-able可······的enjoy-enjoyable-ive與······有關(guān)的、有·····性質(zhì)／傾向的produce-productivecreate-creative形容詞常見的否定前綴否定前綴例詞un-lucky-unluckyhealthy-unhealthyin-correct-incorrectexpensive-inexpensiveim-polite-impolitepossible-impossible二、形容詞變副詞類別構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況直接加-lyquick-quicklycorrect-correctly輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾把y變i，再加-lyeasy-easilyhappy-happilyle結(jié)尾去e，加ypossible-possiblyprobable-probablyll結(jié)尾只加yfull-fully其他情況true-truly（真誠(chéng)地；確實(shí)）考點(diǎn)綜合練一、從方框中選擇合適的單詞，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞限用一次。usualpopularabletrueseriouslonghighheavycarefulhealthy1．WhenIwasonlyafive-year-oldboy,Iwas____________illandneededattentionallthetime.2．Duringthe________winterholidayin2020,theyjoinedateamofvolunteerstohelpcheckpeople'sinformationandspreadknowledgeaboutthedisease.3．Iwasso__________thatIlostthekeytomyhousethismorning.4．Well,atleastthisexperiencewill________themtolearnfromtheirmistakes.5．Myhairisas____asLily's.Wearetwinsisters.6．—Whatisthe________mountainintheworld?—MountQomolangma.7．Themoreyougoexercising,the____________youwillfeel.Justtryit!8．Thereweremanykindsoftrees.However,mulberrytrees（桑樹）andfruittreeswerethe________________ofall.Peoplealllikethesetrees.9．Amongtheboys,Jackisthesecond__________one.Heeatslotsofjunkfood.10．Mybrotheris______angryaboutwhat'shappenedtohim.[答案]1．seriously2．unusual3．careless4．enable5．long6．highest7．healthier8．mostpopular9．heaviest10．Truly二．.單句填空1．[2024長(zhǎng)沙雅禮一模]Itsymbolizesatimeforfamilytogettogetherandthe____________（meaning）beginningofthenewyear.[答案]meaningful[解析]考查形容詞構(gòu)詞法。句意：它象征著家庭團(tuán)聚的時(shí)刻和新年有意義的開始。此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾名詞beginning。故填meaningful。2．[2024株洲模擬改編]Anepilepticfit（癲癇發(fā)作）couldcausesomeonetofalloverandgethurt.Ifithappenswhenpeopleareswimmingorbathingalone,itcanbevery____________（danger）.[答案]dangerous[解析]考查形容詞構(gòu)詞法。句意：如果癲癇發(fā)作發(fā)生在人們獨(dú)自游泳或洗澡的時(shí)候，那將是非常危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)“bevery”可知，用dangerous“危險(xiǎn)的”，作表語。故填dangerous。3．[2024湖南聯(lián)考]It’sreallya____________（wonder）andunforgettableMayDayforme.Fromthatexperience,Ilearnedthemeaningoflaborandsomethingdifferent.[答案]wonderful[解析]考查形容詞構(gòu)詞法。句意：對(duì)我來說，這真的是一個(gè)美妙而難忘的五一勞動(dòng)節(jié)。從那次經(jīng)歷中，我學(xué)到了勞動(dòng)的意義和不同的東西?？仗幒蛈nforgettable并列，應(yīng)用形容詞，作定語修飾MayDay,故填wonderful。4．[2024永州一模]Ithoughtthatthiswouldbeagoodchancetoteachmychildrentohelpthosewhowere____________（unlucky）thanthemselves.[答案]unluckier[解析]考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：我認(rèn)為這將是一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)，可以教我的孩子幫助那些比自己不幸的人。根據(jù)than可知，此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，unlucky的比較級(jí)為unluckier，故填unluckier。5．[2024長(zhǎng)沙長(zhǎng)郡二模]Ouryouthisalsoliketakingstudy____________（serious）overthedeepnight.[答案]seriously[解析]考查副詞構(gòu)詞法。takesth.seriously認(rèn)真對(duì)待某事。故填seriously。6．[2024長(zhǎng)沙模擬]Themascotis____________（careful）designed（設(shè)計(jì)）.Ittakestwomonthstofinishdesigningthemascot.[答案]carefully[解析]考查副詞構(gòu)詞法。句意：吉祥物被精心設(shè)計(jì)。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞designed。故填carefully。7．[2024邵陽模擬]Theunhealthyfoodmadeherfeeltiredeasily.Shedidn’thaveenoughenergyattheendofthedayandoftenfelt________（sleep）.[答案]sleepy[解析]考查形容詞構(gòu)詞法。此處表示在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，她沒有足夠的精力，并且經(jīng)常感到困倦，空處作表語，故填sleepy。8．[2024常德模擬改編]Hethoughtthatheworked________（hard）thanBobby.[答案]harder[解析]考查副詞比較級(jí)。句意：他覺得他比博比工作更加努力。根據(jù)thanBobby可知，這里要用比較級(jí)，表示更努力，故填harder。9．[2024長(zhǎng)沙模擬]Theuseofrobotcaregiversmaymakethesituationeven______（bad）thanthis.[答案]worse[解析]考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意:使用機(jī)器人看護(hù)可能會(huì)使情況變得比這更糟糕。根據(jù)even和than可知，這里要用比較級(jí)，表示更糟糕，故填worse。10．[2024湖南聯(lián)考]In2006,HuangYongyudonated（捐贈(zèng)）a__________（person）artmuseuminJishouUniversityforfree,whichisinwesternHunan,nearhishometown.[答案]personal[解析]考查形容詞構(gòu)詞法。此處表示黃永玉在家鄉(xiāng)附近的湘西吉首大學(xué)免費(fèi)捐贈(zèng)了一座個(gè)人美術(shù)館。personal個(gè)人的，修飾museum。故填personal。11．[2024常德一模]Forexample,somestudentsalwaysputofftheirstudyingwhentheyarealone.________,byjoiningastudygroup,theyseetheirhardworkingpartnersandaremorelikelytofinishtheworkontime.[答案]However[解析]考查副詞?？涨罢f一些學(xué)生獨(dú)自學(xué)習(xí)總是拖延，空后說通過加入學(xué)習(xí)小組，他們看見刻苦的同伴會(huì)更可能按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。空前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，且空后有逗號(hào)，故填However。12．[2023岳陽改編]Mindhealthisas____________（important）asbodyhealth.[答案]important[解析]考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:心理健康跟身體健康一樣重要。此處為“as+形容詞原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。故填important。13．[2023懷化改編]XuMengtaoisoneofthe______________（famous）playersinChina.[答案]mostfamous[解析]考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意:徐夢(mèng)桃是中國(guó)最著名的運(yùn)動(dòng)員之一?！皁neofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……的……之一”,故填mostfamous。14．[2023常德]—Howoftendoyouwatchthegameshow?—______（two）aweek.[答案]Twice[解析]考查副詞。howoften意為“多久一次”，用來提問某動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率。所以答句應(yīng)表示一周兩次。twice兩次。句首單詞首字母需大寫。故填Twice。15．[2023常德]Thecarisold,butitstillrunsvery____（good）.[答案]well[解析]考查副詞。設(shè)空處修飾動(dòng)詞runs，應(yīng)用副詞形式。故填well。16．[2023郴州改編]It’soneof________________（happy）thingsintheworldtostaywithourfamilymembers.[答案]thehappiest[解析]考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意:和我們的家人在一起是世界上最幸福的事情之一?！皁neofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示“最……的……之一”,最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。故填thehappiest。17．[2023永州]ThreeChineseastronautsonboardtheShenzhou-15mannedspaceshipreturnedtoEarth________（safe）onJune4,2023,completingtheirsix-monthspacestationtask.[答案]safely[解析]考查副詞構(gòu)詞法。句意:神舟十五號(hào)載人飛船上的三名中國(guó)航天員于2023年6月4日安全返回地球，完成了六個(gè)月的空間站任務(wù)。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞returned。故填safely。18．[2023常德]TheYangtzeRiverisoneof______________（long）riversintheworld.[答案]thelongest[解析]考查形容詞最高級(jí)。此處為“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)。最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。故填thelongest。19．[2023株洲改編]ChatGPTisoneof______________（hot）AImodelsthesedays.[答案]thehottest[解析]考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：ChatGPT是最近最熱門的人工智能模型之一。此處是“oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu)，最高級(jí)前用定冠詞the。故填thehottest。20．[2022懷化改編]TheairinHuaihuais________（good）thanbefore.[答案]better[解析]考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)than可知,此處應(yīng)用good的比較級(jí)better。21．[2022長(zhǎng)沙]__________（recent）,thegovernmenthasbeenworkingtogetherwithauniversityandsomebuildingcompanies（公司）tobuildhousesthatarefully3D-printed.[答案]Recently[解析]考查副詞的構(gòu)詞法。設(shè)空處在句中作時(shí)間狀語，應(yīng)用副詞。recent的副詞形式是recently，注意句首單詞首字母大寫。故答案為Recently。22．[2022常德]—Whatwillthefuturebelike?—Citieswillbe__________________（beautiful）.Andtherewillbemoretrees.[答案]morebeautiful[解析]考查形容詞比較級(jí)。根據(jù)下文的“Andtherewillbemoretrees.”并結(jié)合問句可知，此處暗含比較，應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，故填morebeautiful。23．[2021益陽改編]AlthoughtheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina,itis________（short）thantheNile,thelongestriverintheworld.[答案]shorter[解析]考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意:雖然長(zhǎng)江是中國(guó)最長(zhǎng)的河流,但是它比世界上最長(zhǎng)的河流尼羅河短。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞than可知用比較級(jí)，故填shorter。24．[2021長(zhǎng)沙]Aloneand________（hunger）,hewalkedonthestreetsofthecity.[答案]hungry[解析]考查形容詞的構(gòu)詞法。句意：他走在城市的街道上，獨(dú)自一人，饑腸轆轆。Alone在此處是形容詞，and是并列連詞，前后詞性要保持一致，因此該空也應(yīng)是形容詞。hunger的形容詞形式hungry表示“饑餓的”。故填hungry。25．[2021郴州改編]Ithink______________（early）childrenlearntolookafterthemselves,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.[答案]theearlier[解析]考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)。句意:我認(rèn)為孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)照顧他們自己,對(duì)他們的將來越好?！皌he+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示“越……,就越……”。故填theearlier。26．[2021衡陽改編]Thelittleboywas____________（interest）inallofthesesubjects,especiallyinmath.[答案]interested[解析]考查形容詞的構(gòu)詞法。此處描述人的感受，應(yīng)用以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。beinterestedin對(duì)……感興趣，故填interested。二.形容詞和副詞填空AHaveyouevertriedwritingapoem?Maybeyouthinkitisimpossible1.

（especial）ifyoudonotthinkyouarenaturally2.

（create）.Butifyoufollowthestepsbelow,youcanalsowritea3.

（good）poemthanyouexpected.Youwillbe4.