高中英語讀后續(xù)寫之如何高效解讀文本

高中英語讀后續(xù)寫之如何高效解讀文本【審讀文本，分析情節(jié)】審讀文本信息是為了更好的分析故事情節(jié)。掌握六要素，可以對(duì)故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間、人物的身份、事件的過程和結(jié)果一目了然。即who、when、where、what、why、how。根據(jù)六要素，抓住時(shí)間線，情節(jié)線，感情線，充分調(diào)動(dòng)想象創(chuàng)新思維，推測(cè)情節(jié)走勢(shì)。【高效構(gòu)思故事情節(jié)】根據(jù)故事情節(jié)發(fā)展線和主人公的情感變化，確定故事主題是親情、友情還是愛情，主題語境是人與自我、人與社會(huì)還是人與自然，把握故事主題，防止續(xù)寫跑偏荒誕。1.分析段首句，根據(jù)其關(guān)鍵信息，提出問題，預(yù)設(shè)故事情節(jié)發(fā)展走向。2.注意段首句和續(xù)寫部分的銜接，構(gòu)思續(xù)寫第一段和第二段的銜接，思考續(xù)寫如何結(jié)尾，與前文做好首位呼應(yīng)，體現(xiàn)故事的主題。3.情節(jié)和情感始終貫穿在故事的發(fā)展過程和主人公的細(xì)節(jié)刻畫中，這些可以做到把故事續(xù)寫的生動(dòng)引人入勝。4.矛盾沖突可以強(qiáng)化人物性格、推動(dòng)情節(jié)發(fā)展，在構(gòu)思中應(yīng)當(dāng)將其貫穿始終。具體表現(xiàn)為人與人之間的沖突、人與環(huán)境之間的沖突或人與自我的內(nèi)心沖突等?！緝?yōu)化語言結(jié)構(gòu)】續(xù)寫情節(jié)應(yīng)當(dāng)具有正能量，情節(jié)連貫，符合邏輯。體會(huì)原材料中的語言特點(diǎn)，從人物心理活動(dòng)描寫、外貌神態(tài)描寫、肢體動(dòng)作描寫、場(chǎng)景描寫等進(jìn)行潤色，提升語言表達(dá)質(zhì)量，優(yōu)化語言。語言的優(yōu)化不僅包括情節(jié)上，還體現(xiàn)在詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的靈活多樣性上。比如要點(diǎn)之間的銜接和過渡，上下文的呼應(yīng)，高級(jí)句型的運(yùn)用等。本著語言形象生動(dòng)的原則，把構(gòu)思句子進(jìn)行修改，使得行文流暢，邏輯合理，語法正確，避免句式單一，可以靈活使用如：非謂語短語、獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)、定語從句、with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、名詞性從句、it形式主語或形式賓語句型、強(qiáng)調(diào)句型、無靈主語、倒裝句以及比喻、擬人等修辭手法。在本作者隨后專題中會(huì)有更多講解?！颈苊庖族e(cuò)點(diǎn)】1.忽視文體的一致性。如果文章是對(duì)話性較強(qiáng)的,我們?cè)诶m(xù)寫時(shí)要注意對(duì)話的使用,反之,如果文章以講述為主,我們就要進(jìn)行講述,切忌前后文體不一。2.忽視每段首句的導(dǎo)向性。有的文章是夾敘夾議類的,作者會(huì)在最后一段對(duì)事情進(jìn)行評(píng)論。如果第二段的首句是評(píng)論性語言,我們要順著這個(gè)方向?qū)懴氯ァ?.忽視與所給短文及段落開頭語的銜接。這是續(xù)寫最常犯的錯(cuò)誤。我們有時(shí)只考慮故事情節(jié)的延續(xù),忽視了與段落開頭的銜接,這樣很容易偏離主題。4.忽視第一段結(jié)尾部分與第二段開頭的銜接。第二段的開頭起到承上啟下的作用,因此第一段的結(jié)尾部分一定要與第二段的開頭有所銜接。5.忽視應(yīng)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的豐富性和準(zhǔn)確性。切忌時(shí)態(tài)、人稱等的混亂使用,這將會(huì)影響得分,同時(shí)豐富的詞匯以及詞匯使用的準(zhǔn)確性也能彰顯我們的英語水平,給我們的續(xù)寫添彩。6.忽視內(nèi)容的豐富性和對(duì)所給關(guān)鍵詞語的覆蓋情況。將故事情節(jié)寫得富有變化,同時(shí)不忘畫線詞語的覆蓋率?！靖叻衷瓌t】1.內(nèi)容豐富充實(shí)，與所給短文風(fēng)格一致，體現(xiàn)正能量。2.兩段內(nèi)容銜接自然，邏輯合理。3.用細(xì)節(jié)刻畫人物角色，體現(xiàn)細(xì)節(jié)。4.有效使用過渡連接詞，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。5.詞匯豐富高級(jí)，語法句式豐富靈活。6.詞數(shù)充分150詞左右，標(biāo)點(diǎn)恰當(dāng)，拼寫準(zhǔn)確。7.

卷面整潔，書寫優(yōu)美?！菊骖}感悟】1.（2023年新高考I卷真題）閱讀下面材料,

根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,

使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenIwasinmiddleschool,mysocialstudiesteacheraskedmetoenterawritingcontest.Isaidnowithoutthinking.Ididnotlovewriting.MyfamilycamefromBrazil,soEnglishwasonlymysecondlanguage.WritingwassodifficultandpainfulformethatmyteacherhadallowedmetopresentmypaperonthesinkingoftheTitanicbyactingoutaplay,whereIplayedalltheparts.Noonelaughedharderthanhedid.So,whydidhesuddenlyforcemetodosomethingatwhichIwassuretofail?Hisreply:“BecauseIloveyourstories.Ifyou’rewillingtoapplyyourself,Ithinkyouhaveagoodshotatthis.”Encouragedbyhiswords,Iagreedtogiveitatry.IchosePaulRevere’shorseasmysubject.PaulReverewasasilversmith(銀匠)inBostonwhorodeahorseatnightonApril18,1775toLexingtontowarnpeoplethatBritishsoldierswerecoming.Mystorywouldcomestraightfromthehorse’smouth.Notabrilliantidea,butfunny;andunlikelytobeanyoneelse’schoice.Whatdidthehorsethink,ashespedthroughthenight?Didhegettired?Havedoubts?Didhewanttoquit?Isympathizedimmediately.Igottired.Ihaddoubts.Iwantedtoquit.But,likeRevere’shorse,Ikeptgoing.Iworkedhard.Icheckedmyspelling.Iaskedmyoldersistertocorrectmygrammar.IcheckedoutahalfdozenbooksonPaulReverefromthelibrary.Ievenreadafewofthem.WhenIhandedintheessaytomyteacher,hereadit,laughedoutloud,andsaid,“Great.Now,writeitagain.”Iwroteitagain,andagainandagain.WhenIfinallyfinishedit,thethoughtofwinninghadgivenwaytotheenjoymentofwriting.IfIdidn’twin,Iwouldn’tcare.注意:1.

續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2.

請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwenttomyteacher’sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】

Afewweekslater,whenIalmostforgotthecontest,therecamethenews.IwasinformedthatIwonthefirstprizeinthewritingcontestandthattherewouldbeanawardpresentationintwodays.IwassohappytohearthenewsthatIimmediatelyshareditwithmyteacher.“Iknewyou’dwin!Iamproudofyou.Youmadeit!”hesaidexcitedly.Thencamethebigday.WhenIwasinvitedtothestagetoreceivetheaward,Iexpressedmythankstomyteacher.Isaid,“It’syouwhomakemefallinlovewithwriting,mysocialstudiesteacher.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidance,Icouldn’thavewrittenthisarticle.Againthankyouverymuch!”Iwenttomyteacher’sofficeaftertheawardpresentation.Myteacherwaswaitingforme.Holdingmyhands,hesaid“Congratulations!Youareagoodwriter,sokeepwriting.”“YouknowIdidn’tlikewritingbefore,butnowIamcrazyaboutit!Iwilltrymybesttocreategoodworks.”Isaidseriously.Sincethen,IhavewrittenmanygoodworksandnowIamafamouswriter.Iowemysuccesstomysocialteacherwhoisabeaconinmylifeontheroadtowriting.【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者上中學(xué)的時(shí)候，社會(huì)學(xué)老師邀請(qǐng)作者參加一個(gè)寫作比賽。作者不喜歡寫作，于是想都沒想就拒絕了。但是在老師的鼓勵(lì)下，作者同意試一試。作者在寫作過程中雖然很累，但是沒有放棄，堅(jiān)持下來了。在作者最終完成寫作時(shí)，作者感到寫作讓他很快樂，他已經(jīng)不在乎輸贏了?！緦懽鞑襟E】1.分析故事情節(jié)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“幾個(gè)星期后，當(dāng)我?guī)缀跬洷荣惖臅r(shí)候，傳來了消息?！焙偷诙问拙洹邦C獎(jiǎng)后我去了老師的辦公室。”可知，第一段可描寫作者獲得比賽一等獎(jiǎng)，在頒獎(jiǎng)典禮上作者表達(dá)了對(duì)社會(huì)老師的感激。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“頒獎(jiǎng)后我去了老師的辦公室?！笨芍诙慰擅鑼懤蠋煿膭?lì)作者繼續(xù)寫作，自此作者堅(jiān)持寫作取得了成功，作者將這一切歸功于自己的老師。2.構(gòu)思故事情節(jié)：比賽消息傳來——作者獲獎(jiǎng)——高興——頒獎(jiǎng)典禮感謝老師——頒獎(jiǎng)后來到老師辦公室——老師告訴作者堅(jiān)持寫作——作者表達(dá)了對(duì)寫作的喜愛——作者寫作取得了成功——感激老師3.語言優(yōu)化①告知：inform/tell②成功做到：makeit/succeed③表達(dá)：express/convey情緒類①高興的：happy/glad②激動(dòng)地：excitedly/withexcitement[高分句型1]

IwasinformedthatIwonthefirstprizeinthewritingcontestand

thattherewouldbe

anawardpresentationintwodays.

（運(yùn)用了由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句）[高分句型2]

It’syouwho

makemefallinlovewithwriting,mysocialstudiesteacher.（運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句）[高分句型3]

Iowemysuccessto

mysocialteacher

whoisabeaconinmylifeontheroadtowriting.（運(yùn)用了who引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句）2.（2023年浙江卷1月真題）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Iwasinvitedtoacookoutonanoldfriend’sfarminwesternWashington.Iparkedmycaroutsidethefarmandwalkedpastamilkinghousewhichhadapparentlynotbeenusedinmanyyears.Anoiseatawindowcaughtmyattention,soIenteredit.Itwasahummingbird(蜂鳥),desperatelytryingtoescape.Shewascoveredinspider-webs(蛛網(wǎng))andwasbarelyabletomoveherwings.SheceasedherstruggletheinstantIpickedherup.Withthebirdinmycuppedhand,Ilookedaroundtoseehowshehadgottenin.Thebrokenwindowglasswasthelikelyanswer.Istuffedapieceofclothintotheholeandtookheroutside,closingthedoorsecurelybehindme.WhenIopenedmyhand,thebirddidnotflyaway;shesatlookingatmewithherbrighteyes.Iremovedthestickyspider-websthatcoveredherheadandwings.Still,shemadenoattempttofly.Perhapsshehadbeenstrugglingagainstthewindowtoolongandwastootired?Ortoothirsty?AsIcarriedheruptheblackberry-linedpathtowardmycarwhereIkeptawaterbottle,shebegantomove.Istopped,andshesoontookwingbutdidnotimmediatelyflyaway.Hovering(懸停),sheapproachedwithinsixinchesofmyface.Foraverylongmoment,thistinycreaturelookedintomyeyes,turningherheadfromsidetoside.Thensheflewquicklyoutofsight.Duringthecookout,Itoldmyhostsaboutthehummingbirdincident.Theypromisedtofixthewindow.AsIwasdeparting,myfriendswalkedmetomycar.Iwasstandingbythecarwhenahummingbirdflewtothecenterofourgroupandbeganhovering.Sheturnedfrompersontopersonuntilshecametome.Sheagainlookeddirectlyintomyeyes,thenletoutasqueakingcallandwasgone.Foramoment,allwerespeechless.Thensomeonesaid,“Shemusthavecometosaygoodbye.”注意：1.

續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為

150

左右；2.

請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題紙的相應(yīng)位置作答。Afewweekslater,Iwenttothefarmagain.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Iwasjustabouttoleavewhenthehummingbirdappeared.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Afewweekslater,Iwenttothefarmagain.AsmycarneareditmythoughtsdriftedbacktothemomentwhenIrescuedthehummingbirdfromthespider’sweb.Irushedbacktothedesertedhouse.Itwasagreatcomfortthattheoriginalholeinthewindowwasnowheretobefound.Leavingthehouse,Icouldn’thelpwonderinghowitwasgettingonnow.Haditmanagedtofinditswaybackhome,orwasitstillouttheresomewherestrugglingtosurvive?Iwasjustabouttoleavewhenthehummingbirdappeared.Aflashofmovementcaughtmyattention.Iturnedaroundtoseethesamehummingbirdhoveringintheair.Itseemedthatthebirdwaswaitingforme,itsbeadyeyeslockedonmineasiftryingtoconveysomedeep,unspokengratitude.Ifeltasurgeofreliefandaweatthesightofthissoundandgratefulcreature,andIknewthatIwouldalwayscherishthememorieswesharedasIclimbedintomycaranddroveaway.【導(dǎo)語】本文以人物為線索展開，講述了作者被邀請(qǐng)去一個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)野餐，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)房子里有只蜂鳥被蜘蛛網(wǎng)困住了，作者把蜂鳥救了，把蜂鳥帶出去的時(shí)候它遲遲不肯走，當(dāng)作者走到一條布滿黑莓的小路時(shí)，它開始動(dòng)了，但是卻不肯飛走，徘徊著，后來終于飛走了，當(dāng)作者準(zhǔn)備離開時(shí)，蜂鳥又飛到作者面前，好像是在和作者告別?！緦懽鞑襟E】1.分析故事情節(jié)：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“幾個(gè)星期后，我又去了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。”可知，第一段可描寫作者回到農(nóng)場(chǎng)時(shí)所看到的和所想到的。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“我正要離開，這時(shí)蜂鳥出現(xiàn)了。”可知，第二段可描寫蜂鳥是如何對(duì)作者的以及作者的感想2.

構(gòu)思故事情節(jié)：想起救蜂鳥的時(shí)候——回到那個(gè)房子——想到那只蜂鳥——看見蜂鳥——蜂鳥的表現(xiàn)——作者的感想3.語言優(yōu)化行為類①思緒回到……：thoughtsdriftbackto/thoughtsreturnto②匆匆回到：rushbackto/hurrybackto③盯著：eyeslockedon/eyesstaringat情緒類①寬慰：feelasurgeofrelief/feelrelieved②感激：grateful/thankful[高分句型1]

Asmycarneared

itmythoughtsdriftedbacktothemoment

whenIrescued

thehummingbirdfromthespider’sweb.(由as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和when引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句)[高分句型2]

Itwasagreatcomfortthat

theoriginalholeinthewindowwasnowheretobefound.(由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句)3.（2022年新高考I卷真題）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentprimaryschoolsinandaroundthesmalltownwerewarmingupandwalkingtheroute(路線)throughthickevergreenforest.IlookedaroundandfinallyspottedDavid,whowasstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.Hewassmallfortenyearsold.Hisusualbigtoothysmilewasabsenttoday.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn’twiththeotherchildren.Hehesitatedandthensaidhehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthisevent!Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.“Iwasafraidthatkidsfromotherschoolswouldlaughathim,”heexplaineduncomfortably.“Igavehimthechoicetorunornot,andlethimdecide.”Ibitbackmyfrustration(懊惱).Iknewthecoachmeantwell—hethoughthewasdoingtherightthing.AftermakingsurethatDavidcouldrunifhewanted,Iturnedtofindhimcomingtowardsme,hissmallbodyrockingfromsidetosideasheswunghisfeetforward.Davidhadabraindiseasewhichpreventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren,butatschoolhisclassmatesthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothebestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.ThatwaswhynoneofthechildrenthoughtitunusualthatDavidhaddecidedtojointhecross-countryteam.Itjusttookhimlonger—that’sall.Davidhadnotmissedasinglepractice,andalthoughhealwaysfinishedhisrunlongaftertheotherchildren,hedidalwaysfinish.Asaspecialeducationteacherattheschool,IwasfamiliarwiththechallengesDavidfacedandwasproudofhisstrongdetermination.注意：1.

續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.

請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答.Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Wesatdownnexttoeachother,butDavidwouldn’tlookatme.Isaidgentlyandquietly,“Noonecanchangeyourmind,exceptyourself.Ifyoudesiretochallengeyourself,thereisnothingtodowithothers’thoughts.”Hesatstillwithadeepbreath.“Youhaveafullpreparationbeforethisevent,whichisthemostimportantreasonwhyyoushowuphere”,Iaddedwithasinceretone.Hearingmywords,Davidturnedtometremblinglywithtearsspillingoutofhiseyesandexpressedhehadmadeafirmdeterminationtofinishthecross-countryrun.HiscoachheardwhatDavidsaidandgavemealook—thekindthatwasmoredeterminedthananyoneelse’s.IwatchedasDavidmoveduptothestartinglinewiththeotherrunners.

Theracestarted.Itseemedthattherunwaywasextremelylongforyoungchildren,nottomentionachildwithabraindisease.Davidinsistedonrunningasifhehadforgottena