2024-2025學(xué)年廣東省八校聯(lián)盟高二下學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一）英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1廣東省八校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一）英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearethreemust-visitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.HongcunAncientVillage,AnhuiThe900-year-oldvillageofHongcunhaslongdrawnin-the-knowChinesevisitors,wholoveitspeacefulatmosphereanddistinctivearchitecture.Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.Walkingthenarrowlanespavedwithquartzite(石英巖)andseeingfarmersworkinginricefields,withthereflectionofancienthousesinthelake,shouldprovideenoughmaterialtogetyoustartedonyourownvisualmasterpiece.MountWuyi,FujianAmajorlandmarkinsoutheastChinaandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,MountWuyiwasthesettingforthedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism,influentialinEastAsiasincethe11thcentury.BambooraftdriftingintheNineBendRiver(lowergorge)isapopularactivityamongvisitors.Thetwo-hour,eight-kilometertripsfloatingonwaterprovidegrandviewsofMountWuyi.Yangshuo,GuangxiWhentheChineselongforviewsofthenation’smostscenichillsandrivers,theybookabamboo-boatcruiseinYangshuo.TheriversidetowninsouthernChinaismostfamousforitskarst(喀斯特)hillsandtraditionalfishing-villagelifestyle.Downtownistouristy.Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene:bambooboatsmovingslowlyalongtheriver,fishermensettingoutwithcormorants,farmerstoilinginfieldswithlushpeakssoaringhighabove.1.WhatmakesHongcunAncientVillageattractivetoartstudents?A.Its900-year-longhistory.B.Thequartzite-pavednarrowlanes.C.Itspeacefulatmosphereandarchitecture.D.Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandlocals.2.InYangshuo,whatcanvisitorsdotoenjoyamorepeacefulscene?A.Visitthedowntownareafulloftourists.B.TakeabamboorafttripintheNineBendRiver.C.Rentbikesandgotothecountryside.D.AdmirethedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism.3.Whereisthistextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Atravelguidebook. B.Ascientificresearchpaper.C.Ahistorytextbook. D.Afashionmagazine.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)(CNN)推薦的三個(gè)必去的攝影圣地?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HongcunAncientVillage,Anhui部分中“Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.(幾十年來(lái)，它的經(jīng)典建筑、月沼湖和風(fēng)景如畫(huà)的當(dāng)?shù)厝艘恢笔撬囆g(shù)生的靈感來(lái)源)”可知，宏村的經(jīng)典建筑、月沼湖和當(dāng)?shù)厝宋怂囆g(shù)生。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Yangshuo,Guangxi部分中“Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene(游客可以租自行車去鄉(xiāng)村，尋找更寧?kù)o的風(fēng)景)”可知，在陽(yáng)朔，游客租自行車去鄉(xiāng)村能享受更寧?kù)o的風(fēng)景。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章開(kāi)頭提到“HerearethreemustvisitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.(以下是美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)推薦的三個(gè)必去的攝影圣地)”，接著分別介紹了安徽宏村、福建武夷山和廣西陽(yáng)朔這三個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)的特色、適合開(kāi)展的活動(dòng)等信息，是為游客提供旅游相關(guān)的指引和建議。由此可推斷，本文最有可能出自旅游指南。故選A項(xiàng)。BAfive-year-olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(襯褲),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround－4℃.Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.“Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30p.m.,”Bobexplained.“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.”Kelsey’scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake.“Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,”Bobrecalled.“IknewIcouldn’tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.”Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob’sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30p.m.onNewYear’sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,“Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.”BobsaidhewasverygratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey.“Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!”4.WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear’sEve?A.Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.B.Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.C.Hebrokehisneckandcouldn’tmove.D.Heheardhisneighbor’sshoutingforhelp.5.WhydidKelseykeepbarking?A.Tokeepwarm.B.Tostayalive.C.TokeepBobawake.D.Toseekhelpfromothers.6.HowdoesDr.ColenfeelaboutKelsey?A.Helpful. B.Fortunate.C.Grateful. D.Friendly.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ANeck-breakingAccidentB.TheMagicNightC.WarmthonaWinter’sNightD.DeterminationtoKeepAlive【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只叫Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子無(wú)法動(dòng)彈時(shí)，用身體為主人取暖，并且還不斷吠叫希望能引起別人的注意，最終Bob獲救?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“whoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck(在雪地里滑倒并摔斷脖子)”及第三段中的“Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.(事故發(fā)生后，他在雪地里動(dòng)彈不得)”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子，不能動(dòng)了。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.(到了第二天早上，我的聲音消失了，我無(wú)法大聲呼救，但Kelsey沒(méi)有停止吠叫)”可推知，Kelsey一直叫的目的是找人來(lái)幫助主人。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,‘Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.’(治療Bob的醫(yī)生ChaimColen醫(yī)生說(shuō)：‘他的狗真的救了他。他非常幸運(yùn)?！?”可知，ChaimColen醫(yī)生認(rèn)為Bob的狗救了Bob，因此ChaimColen醫(yī)生認(rèn)為Kelsey是有幫助的。故選A?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容并根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.(然而，醫(yī)生驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)他沒(méi)有凍瘡。他們認(rèn)為這是因?yàn)镵elsey決心讓他保持溫暖)”可知，Bob在寒冷的夜里衣著單薄卻沒(méi)有任何凍瘡是因?yàn)樗墓酚蒙眢w不停地溫暖他。故C項(xiàng)“冬夜里的溫暖”做文章標(biāo)題最合適。故選C。CShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.“Wecallitmovingmeditation(冥想),”saysShea,whoisafamilybikingadvocateandauthorinMaryland.“Wesawhowincrediblyhelpfulbikingwasforhisfocus,emotionalregulationandabilitytofollowdirections.”Thisexperienceisn’tunique.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovingmentalhealth.“Exercise,nomatteryourage,isthesinglebestthingyoucandoforeveryorganinyourbody,includingyourbrain,”saysAllanReiss,aprofessoranddirectorofBrainSciencesatStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Andwhileanyexercisehelps,agrowingbodyofresearchshowsbicyclingisamongtheactivitiesthatmightprovideevenmoreofamentalhealthboost.Scientistsaren’tyetsurewhy,butitmighthavesomethingtodowithallthefunctionalskillscyclistsuse.“Youneedtomaintainyourbalanceandprocessalotofinformationfromyourenvironment,likedecidingwhetheryoucansqueezepastatreeorhowhardyouneedtobrake,”saysReiss,“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào)),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.”AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”Luckily,it’snottoohardtogetonabikeformostpeople.Youshouldfocusonthefun.Toensureridersdon’tgettiredtooquickly(ortoobored),buildinafunstopratherthanmaketheridethesinglefocus.Self-pacedexplorationandadventurearekeytotheride.Cyclingcanmultiplywhenitbecomesasocialproject.Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.8.WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingShea’sson’sexample?A.Advantageofphysicalexerciseregularly. B.Positiveeffectofridingonmentalhealth.C.Importanceofleadingarelaxinglifestyle. D.Possibilitiesthatanydiseasecanbecured.9.WhydoescyclingboostmentalhealthmoreaccordingtoReiss?A.Itneedsbetterintegratedcoordinationabilities.B.Itsoutdoorexposurehelpsimprovethemoodstate.C.Itneedsrepetitivemovementtohelpcalmthemind.D.Itssenseoffreedomandexplorationhelpsmindgrow.10.Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementinparagraph4?A.Presentingexperiments. B.Explainingconcepts.C.Providingevidence. D.Offeringsuggestions.11.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.B.Nonstopcyclingmakesthemostoftheride.C.Purchasingticketsforagrouprideisessential.D.Bikelaneconstructionispromotedbycommunities.【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了騎自行車有助于改善心理健康，包括提高專注力、情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力和方向感，同時(shí)也能促進(jìn)大腦新細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)和加強(qiáng)神經(jīng)元連接，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)能力。文章鼓勵(lì)人們騎自行車，并享受其中的樂(lè)趣?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“ShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.(ShannonBrescherShea9歲的兒子在家里和學(xué)校里都很難集中注意力，也無(wú)法聽(tīng)從指示。但騎完自行車后，無(wú)論是在公園周圍還是去學(xué)校，他都明顯感到平靜。)”可知，Shea的兒子在騎車后明顯感到更平靜，專注力和情緒調(diào)節(jié)能力得到提高。作者通過(guò)這一例子想要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是騎自行車對(duì)心理健康的積極影響。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào)),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.(最重要的是，你必須協(xié)調(diào)、感知、處理、整合、規(guī)范，并不斷做出決定。)”可知，騎自行車需要協(xié)調(diào)、感知、處理、整合、調(diào)節(jié)和不斷做出決策。這表明騎行需要更好的綜合協(xié)調(diào)能力，這可能是其對(duì)心理健康促進(jìn)作用更大的原因。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經(jīng)元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”(Reiss說(shuō)：“研究表明，像騎自行車這樣的體育活動(dòng)可能會(huì)促進(jìn)大腦中與記憶和解決問(wèn)題有關(guān)的區(qū)域的新細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)，并能支持神經(jīng)元之間更強(qiáng)的聯(lián)系，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)?！?”可知，研究表明物理活動(dòng)如騎自行車可能促進(jìn)大腦中與記憶和解決問(wèn)題相關(guān)的區(qū)域的新細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)，并支持神經(jīng)元之間的更強(qiáng)連接，最終影響記憶和學(xué)習(xí)。這表明引用的研究的內(nèi)容是為了提供證據(jù)來(lái)支持前面的觀點(diǎn)，即解釋為什么騎行對(duì)心理健康有益，故本段陳述起到的作用是提供證據(jù)。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.(在有自行車道或其他安全騎行通道的社區(qū)里，和朋友組織一次集體騎行可能只是那些壓力較小、更放松的人的門票。)”可知，在有自行車道或其他安全騎行路徑的社區(qū)，組織團(tuán)體騎行可能是減輕壓力、放松身心的好方法。這表明作者推薦與朋友一起騎行。因此，選項(xiàng)A“Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.(推薦與朋友一起騎行)”符合題意。故選A。DAbigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan170tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.Theresearch,bythe5GyresInstituteandpublishedinthejournalPlosOne,evaluatestrendsofoceanplasticfrom1979to2019.Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.DrMarcusEriksen,theco-founderofthe5GyresInstitute,said,“Theexponential(指數(shù)級(jí))increaseinmicroplasticsacrosstheworld’soceansisawarningthatwemustactnowataglobalrange,stopfocusingoncleanupandrecycling,andcreateanageofcorporateresponsibilityfortheentirelifeofthethingstheymake.”Theresearcherslookedat11,777samplesoffloatingoceanplasticstocreateaglobaltimeseriesthatestimatedtheaveragecountsandmassofmicroplasticsintheoceansurfacelayer,liningupthedatawithinternationalpolicymeasuresaimedatreducingplasticpollutiontoevaluatetheireffectiveness.Itfoundthatfrom2005.therehadbeenarapidincreaseinthemassofoceanplastic.Thescientistsestimateatleast170tnplasticparticlesarepresentintheoceans,withacombinedweightofabout2milliontonnes.Theysaywithoutimmediateglobalactiononplasticproduction,therateofplasticenteringaquaticenvironmentsisexpectedtoincreaseabout2.6-foldfrom2016to2040.Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“futile”inParagraph1mean?A.Demanding. B.Pointless. C.Effective. D.Useful.13.WhatistoblamefortheriseinplasticpollutionintheoceansaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Governmentpolicy. B.Thefishingindustry.C.Theplasticsindustry. D.Failuretowarnpeopletimely.14.Whatistheresearchers’suggestiononaddressingtheissue?A.Encouragingindividualstorecyclemore.B.Focusingoncleanupandrecyclinginitiatives.C.Increasingplasticproductiontomeetglobaldemands.D.Callingforcollectiveresponsibilityforplasticproduction.15.Whatisthemainissueaddressedinthetext?A.Theriseinplasticpollutionintheoceans. B.Theincreasingdemandforplasticproducts.C.Theneedforbetteroceancleanupinitiatives. D.Theadvancementinplasticrecyclingtechnology.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)海洋塑料污染大幅上升，指出塑料行業(yè)應(yīng)為此負(fù)責(zé)，并呼吁全球?qū)λ芰仙a(chǎn)承擔(dān)共同責(zé)任?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞所在句“Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat‘cleanupisfutile’iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(他們呼吁減少塑料生產(chǎn)，并警告說(shuō)，如果繼續(xù)以目前的速度將塑料扔進(jìn)環(huán)境中，‘清理是futile’)”中“warningthat”和“iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.”可推知，若持續(xù)大量扔塑料，會(huì)發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的后果，所以需要提出警告。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，“清理工作變得毫無(wú)意義(pointless)”符合語(yǔ)境，是嚴(yán)重后果，所以劃線詞futile的意思是“無(wú)意義的，徒勞的”，與pointless同義。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.(作者指出海洋塑料污染迅速增加，并指責(zé)塑料行業(yè)未能進(jìn)行回收利用或設(shè)計(jì)可回收的產(chǎn)品)”可知，海洋塑料污染增加應(yīng)歸咎于塑料行業(yè)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.(研究人員警告說(shuō)，有關(guān)塑料的國(guó)際政策是支離破碎的，缺乏專一性，也沒(méi)有可衡量的目標(biāo)。他們呼吁在全球范圍內(nèi)強(qiáng)制實(shí)行塑料生產(chǎn)的企業(yè)責(zé)任，并制定具有法律約束力的立法，涵蓋塑料從開(kāi)采、制造到生命周期結(jié)束的整個(gè)過(guò)程)”可知，研究人員呼吁在全球范圍內(nèi)對(duì)塑料生產(chǎn)承擔(dān)共同責(zé)任。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段“Abigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan17tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)塑料污染大幅上升，他們計(jì)算出海洋中漂浮著超過(guò)17萬(wàn)億個(gè)塑料微粒。他們呼吁減少塑料的生產(chǎn)，并警告說(shuō)，如果塑料繼續(xù)以目前的速度被扔進(jìn)環(huán)境中，“清理工作將變得毫無(wú)意義”)”可知，本文主要討論的是海洋塑料污染的上升問(wèn)題。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EnhancedHealthandFitnessStrategiestoWardOffIllnessinWinterThewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.____16____Thefollowingstrategiesprovideadetailedroadmapforstayinghealthythroughoutthewinter.Maintainregularexercise.Exerciseisapowerfultoolinboostingtheimmunesystemanddrivingoffillnesses.AreviewintheJournalofSportandHealthSciencehighlightedhowregularphysicalactivityreducestheriskofdevelopingdiseasesandinfectiousdiseaseslikethecommoncoldandflu.Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.____17____Followanutrient-richdiet.Propernutritionplaysavitalroleinimmunefunction.Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.____18____Additionally,hydrationiscrucial,eveninwinter,formaintainingbodyfunctionsandnutrientabsorption.Aimforatleasteight8-ounceglassesofwaterdaily.Fostersocialconnections.Socialinteractioncontributestomentalhealth,whichcaninturninfluencephysicalhealth.Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.____19____Prioritizequalitysleep.____20____—it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem.ResearchintheJournalofExperimentalMedicinedemonstratedthatagoodnight’ssleepcanenhancethefunctionofTcells,atypeofwhitebloodcellthatfightsvirus-infectedcells.Adultsshouldaimfor7-9hoursofqualitysleeppernight.Improvesleepqualitybycreatingaquietsleepenvironment,havingaregularbedtime,andlimitingscreentimebeforebed.A.Sleepisn’tjustforrest.B.Sleepneedsyourattentiontocreate.C.Thesenutrientssupportimmunesystemandkeepyouoffinfections.D.Evenincoldmonths,staysociallyengaged,whetherin-personorvirtually.E.Andyoumaybecomeinactiveforlackofastrongwilltopracticeinthegym.F.Craftingafitnessplantopreventsicknessisessentialtoenjoyingthisseasonfully.G.Tokeepyourworkoutsengaging,tryvaryingthemandaddingnewactivitiesperiodically.【答案】16.F17.G18.C19.D20.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了在疾病高發(fā)的冬季如何保持健康的技巧?！?6題詳析】前句“Thewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.(冬季帶來(lái)了諸多健康挑戰(zhàn)，從病毒暴露機(jī)會(huì)的增加到因寒冷天氣導(dǎo)致的身體活動(dòng)減少。)”講冬季疾病高發(fā)，故F項(xiàng)“制定計(jì)劃預(yù)防疾病”切題。故選F項(xiàng)。【17題詳析】根據(jù)前句“Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.(適合冬季的鍛煉方式可以包括一些室內(nèi)活動(dòng)，例如騎自行車、瑜伽、力量訓(xùn)練，甚至是跳舞。)”可知，這一段鼓勵(lì)人們多參與體育鍛煉，所以G項(xiàng)“為了讓你的鍛煉保持吸引力，試著改變它們并定期添加新的活動(dòng)?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題“Followanutrient-richdiet(多吃有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的餐食。)”及前句“Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.(因此，你的飲食應(yīng)該包括富含維生素(如維生素C和D)和礦物質(zhì)的水果、蔬菜、瘦蛋白以及全谷物。)”可知，人們應(yīng)該多攝入營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，C項(xiàng)“這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)素有助于增強(qiáng)免疫系統(tǒng)，從而幫助你避免感染?！背薪由衔?，符合本段主題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】根據(jù)劃線前句“Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.(一項(xiàng)研究顯示，社交關(guān)系與死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間存在密切聯(lián)系，這表明保持社交聯(lián)系對(duì)整體健康的重要性。)”可知，本段強(qiáng)調(diào)社交關(guān)系的重要性。D項(xiàng)“即使在寒冷的月份，也要保持社交參與，無(wú)論是面對(duì)面還是虛擬的?！痹诖顺猩蠁⑾?，符合句意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)本段的主題“Prioritizequalitysleep(優(yōu)先保證質(zhì)量睡眠)”及下文中的“it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem(對(duì)于強(qiáng)大的免疫系統(tǒng)來(lái)說(shuō)，這是必不可少的。)”可知，睡眠是建立強(qiáng)大免疫系統(tǒng)的必要條件，這里主要是講優(yōu)質(zhì)睡眠方面我們不熟知的功效，A項(xiàng)“睡眠不僅僅是用來(lái)休息的?！鼻蓄}。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.Thequick-thinkingseventh-graderdidn’t____21____whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeachduringtheschool’sannualtrip.“Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”Dupuis____22____.Theyoungherowasontheshore,enjoyingthedaywithhisfriends,whenhesawtheboy____23____.Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewatertoofferhis____24____.Uponreachingthe____25____swimmer,Dupuiswasimmediately____26____byhisclassmate.“Iwentunderwater,butIwas____27____togetup,”Dupuisexplained,demonstratingbothhiscourageandpresenceofmindinthesituation.Usinghisownstrengthanddetermination,Dupuisheldhisclassmatebytheshouldersand____28____totread(踩)wateruntillifeguardsarrived.Thelifeguards____29____andensuredbothboyswere_____30_____broughtbacktoshore.Dupuisdidn’tmentiontheincidenttohisparents,whichwasa_____31_____ofhumility(謙虛).Itwasonlywhenschoolofficials_____32_____hismother,LisaBeausoleil,24hourslaterthathisparentslearnedoftheirson’s_____33_____.“Theschoolcalledmeto_____34_____himforhisquickandselflessactions,”Beausoleilshared.“BothhisfatherandIarefull-timefirefighters,soweare_____35_____ofhim.”21.A.disagree B.hesitate C.suffer D.argue22.A.joked B.imagined C.recalled D.apologized23.A.indanger B.inorder C.incharge D.inline24.A.training B.money C.information D.assistance25.A.panicked B.relieved C.satisfied D.disappointed26.A.grasped B.ignored C.defeated D.abandoned27.A.unlikely B.able C.unwilling D.curious28.A.failed B.pretended C.promised D.managed29.A.fellbehind B.steppedback C.settleddown D.tookover30.A.safely B.frequently C.violently D.regularly31.A.change B.reward C.display D.background32.A.comforted B.rescued C.contacted D.hired33.A.scholarship B.bravery C.luck D.wealth34.A.ask B.praise C.observe D.educate35.A.ashamed B.afraid C.proud D.independent【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.A27.B28.D29.D30.A31.C32.C33.B34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在一次學(xué)校郊游中，12歲的AlexDupuis英勇救起了一名在春湖海灘溺水的同學(xué)，展現(xiàn)了非凡的勇氣和冷靜，事后他很謙遜，未向父母提及此事，直到學(xué)校通知他們才得知兒子的英勇行為。【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這位思維敏捷的七年級(jí)學(xué)生在學(xué)校年度郊游期間，看到一名同學(xué)在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面時(shí)，毫不猶豫地采取了行動(dòng)。A.disagree不同意；B.hesitate猶豫；C.suffer遭受；D.argue爭(zhēng)論。根據(jù)下文“Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewater”可知，Dupuis毫不猶豫地跳入水中，因此是指毫不猶豫地采取了行動(dòng)。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我當(dāng)時(shí)只是想，‘我必須幫助他，’”Dupuis回憶道。A.joked開(kāi)玩笑；B.imagined想象；C.recalled回憶；D.apologized道歉。根據(jù)上文““Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”可知，Dupuis是在回憶當(dāng)時(shí)自己的想法。故選C。【23題詳析】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：這位年輕的英雄當(dāng)時(shí)正在岸邊與朋友們享受時(shí)光，突然看到那名男孩處于危險(xiǎn)之中。A.indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中；B.inorder井然有序；C.incharge負(fù)責(zé)；D.inline排隊(duì)。根據(jù)上文“whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeach”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)這名男孩在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面，因此是處于危險(xiǎn)之中。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dupuis毫不猶豫地跳入水中，伸出援手。A.training訓(xùn)練；B.money金錢；C.information信息；D.assistance幫助。根據(jù)上文“Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.”可知，Dupuis救了一名陷入困境的同學(xué)，因此是指伸出援手。故選D?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Dupuis接近那名驚慌失措的游泳者時(shí)，他立刻被同學(xué)緊緊抓住。A.panicked驚慌的；B.relieved寬慰的；C.satisfied滿意的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文“whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeach”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)這名男孩在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面，因此落水的他是驚慌失措的。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Dupuis接近那名驚慌失措的游泳者時(shí)，他立刻被同學(xué)緊緊抓住。A.grasped抓?。籅.ignored忽視；C.defeated擊??；D.abandoned放棄。根據(jù)下文“Iwentunderwater”可知，Dupuis被拉到了水下，因此是被同學(xué)緊緊抓住。故選A?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我被拉到了水下，但我成功浮了上來(lái)，”Dupuis解釋道，展現(xiàn)了他在危急時(shí)刻的勇氣和冷靜。A.unlikely不太可能的；B.able有能力的；C.unwilling不愿意的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)上文“Iwentunderwater”和表示轉(zhuǎn)折的“but”可知，雖然Dupuis被拉到了水下，但他成功浮了上來(lái)，短語(yǔ)beabletodo意為“能夠做某事”，表示“能浮上來(lái)”，即“成功浮了上來(lái)”。故選B?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：憑借自己的力量和決心，Dupuis抓住同學(xué)的肩膀，設(shè)法踩水，直到救生員趕到。A.failed失??；B.pretended假裝；C.promised承諾；D.managed設(shè)法。根據(jù)上文“Usinghisownstrengthanddetermination”可推知，憑借自己的力量和決心，Dupuis應(yīng)該是設(shè)法踩水，保證自己和同學(xué)能浮出水面，不至于溺水。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：救生員接手后，確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。A.fellbehind落后；B.steppedback后退；C.settleddown安頓；D.tookover接管。根據(jù)下文“ensuredbothboyswere________broughtbacktoshore”可知，救生員讓兩名男孩返回了岸邊，因此是接手了當(dāng)時(shí)的救援任務(wù)。故選D?！?0題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：救生員接手后，確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。A.safely安全地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.violently猛烈地；D.regularly定期地。根據(jù)上文“Thelifeguards”和“ensured”可推知，救生員需要做的是確保兩名男孩安全返回岸邊。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Dupuis并未向父母提及這件事，這展現(xiàn)了他謙遜的品質(zhì)。A.change改變；B.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；C.display展示；D.background背景。根據(jù)上文“Dupuisdidn’tmentiontheincidenttohisparents”可知，Dupuis并未向父母提及這件事，這展示了他謙遜的品質(zhì)。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：直到24小時(shí)后，學(xué)校官員聯(lián)系了他的母親LisaBeausoleil，他的父母才得知兒子的英勇（行為）。A.comforted安慰；B.rescued救援；C.contacted聯(lián)系；D.hired雇傭。根據(jù)下文“Theschoolcalledmeto________himforhisquickandselflessactions”可知，學(xué)校官員聯(lián)系了Dupuis的母親Beausoleil。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：直到24小時(shí)后，學(xué)校官員聯(lián)系了他的母親LisaBeausoleil，他的父母才得知兒子的英勇（行為）。A.scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金；B.bravery勇敢；C.luck運(yùn)氣；D.wealth財(cái)富。根據(jù)上文“Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.”可知，Dupuis迅速采取行動(dòng)，救起了一名陷入困境的同學(xué)，這是英勇的行為。故選B。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“學(xué)校打電話給我，贊揚(yáng)他迅速且無(wú)私的行動(dòng)，”Beausoleil分享道。A.ask詢問(wèn)；B.praise贊揚(yáng)；C.observe觀察；D.educate教育。根據(jù)下文“himforhisquickandselflessactions”可推知，學(xué)校是贊揚(yáng)Dupuis迅速且無(wú)私的行動(dòng)。故選B。【35題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我和他父親都是全職消防員，所以我們?yōu)樗械阶院?。”A.ashamed羞愧的；B.afraid害怕的；C.proud自豪的；D.independent獨(dú)立的。根據(jù)上文“BothhisfatherandIarefull-timefirefighters”可知，Dupuis的父母都是全職消防員，是負(fù)責(zé)救援工作的，因此會(huì)為兒子的救人行為感到自豪。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Calledasthe“SeaofDeath”,theTaklimakanDesertinChina’sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegioncovers337,600squarekilometers.____36____alsosurprisesusisthatitscircumference(周長(zhǎng))measures3,046kilometersorso,makingitthe____37____(large)desertinChina.Ithastakenmorethan40years____38____(surround)theTaklimakanfullywithagreenbelt.TheTaklimakanDesertcontrolprojectis____39____partoftheThree-NorthShelterbeltForestProgram(TSFP)launchedin1978,whoseaimistodealwithdesertification(沙漠化).WiththeTSFPandmeasuressuchastheGrainforGreenProgram.Chinahashandedin____40____(it)ownanswersheettodesertification.AccordingtotheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration,over35.8millionhectares(公頃)ofdesertifiedlandhavebeenprotected,____41____over7.8millionhectaresofdesertifiedlandhavebeen____42____(effective)restored.TheforestcoveragerateintheTSFPareahasincreasedfrom12.41____43____13.84percent.Additionally,61percentofthesoilerosion(土壤侵蝕)areashavebeencontrolledsuccessfully,andthe“greenline”intheYellowRiverBasinhasshifted300kilometerswestward.Inthepast10years,thefrequencyofseveredustyweatherinspringinnorthernChina____44____(drop)significantly.Chinahastakenthegloballeadin_____45_____(achieve)“zerogrowth”inlanddegradationanda“dual(雙的)reduction”indesertificatioinanddesertifiedland.【答案】36.What37.largest38.tosurround39.a40.its41.and42.effectively43.to44.hasdropped45.achieving【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)政府治理沙漠化所做出的努力?！?6題詳析】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：同樣讓我們驚訝的是，它的周長(zhǎng)約為3046公里，是中國(guó)最大的沙漠。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，表示“……的事情”，所以用連接代詞“What”引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，位于句首，首字母大寫(xiě)。故填What?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞最高級(jí)。句意：同樣讓我們驚訝的是，它的周長(zhǎng)約為3046公里，是中國(guó)最大的沙漠。根據(jù)“inChina”可知，這里是在中國(guó)范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行比較，且前面有定冠詞“the”，所以用“l(fā)arge”的最高級(jí)形式“l(fā)argest”，表示“最大的”。故填largest?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：用了40多年的時(shí)間，塔克拉瑪干才被綠化帶完全包圍?！癐ttakes+時(shí)間+todo