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專升本英語(閱讀理解)模擬試卷15
一、閱讀理解(本題共25題,每題7.0分,共25分。)
Foxesandfarmershavenevergotonwell.Thesesmalldog-likeanimalshavelongbeen
accusedofkillingfarmanimals.Theyareofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstry
tokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.Farmerscanalsocallonthe
servicesoftheirlocalhunttocontrolthefoxpopulation.Huntingconsistsofpursuinga
foxacrossthecountryside,withagroupofspeciallytraineddogs,followedbymenand
womenridinghorses.Whenthedogseventuallycatchthefoxtheykillitorahunter
shootsit.Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasasport;theywearaspecial
uniformofredcoatsandwhitetrousers,andfollowstrictcodesofbehavior.Butowning
ahorseandhuntingregularlyisexpensive,somosthuntersarcwealthy.Itisestimated
thatupto100,000peoplewatchortakepartinfoxhunting.Butoverthelastcoupleof
decadesthenumberofpeopleopposedtofoxhunting,becausetheythinkitisbrutal(殘
酷的),hasrisensharply.Nowadaysitisrareforahunttopassoffwithoutsomekindof
confrontationbetweenhuntersandhuntsaboieurs(阻攔者).Sometimestheseincidents
leadtoviolence,butmostlysaboteursinterferewiththehuntbymisleadingridersand
disturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmell,whichthedogsfollow.Noisyconfrontations
betweenhuntersandsaboteurshavebecomesocommonthattheyarealmostasmucha
partofhuntingasthepursuitoffoxesitself.Butthisyearsupportersoffoxhuntingfacea
muchbiggerthreattotheirsport.ALaborPartyMemberoftheParliament,MikeFoster,
istryingtogetParliamenttoapproveanewlaw,whichwillmakethehuntingofwild
animalswithdogsillegal.Ifthelawispassed,wildanimalslikefoxeswillbeprotected
underthebaninBritain.
1、RichpeopleinBritainhavebeenhuntingfbxes.
A、fbrrecreation
B、intheinterestsofthefanners
C^tolimitthefoxpopulation
D、toshowoftheirwealth
標準答案:A
知識點解析:從文章第三段首句:“Peoplewhotakepartinhuntingthinkofitasa
sport”可以判斷,英國人獵狐是作為一種娛樂運動和消遣。因此答案為A。
2、WhatisspecialaboutfoxhuntinginBritain?
A、Itinvolvestheuseofadeadlypoison.
B、Itisacostlyeventthatrarelyoccurs.
C、Thehuntershavesetrulestofollow.
D、Thehuntershavetogothroughstricttraining.
標準答案:C
知識點解析:從文章第三段中:”…andfbllowstrictcodesofbehavior…”可知,英國
人捕獵狐貍是有嚴格規(guī)定的,因此正確答案為C。文章第一段雖然提到“…or
poisoningthem",但“下毒”不屬于獵狐的范疇,所以A不對。
3、Foxhuntingopponentsofteninterfereinthegame.
A、byresortingtoviolence
B、byconfusingthefoxhunters
C、bytakinglegalaction
D^bydemonstratingonthescene
標準答案:B
知識點解析:從文章第四段最后一句:”…interferewiththehuntbymisleadingriders
anddisturbingthetrailofthefox'ssmell”可知,反對狩獵者通過誤導獵狐人或破壞狐
貍留下的氣味來干擾打獵。因此正確答案為B。
4、AnewlawmaybepassedbytheBritishParliamentto.
A、prohibitfarmersfromhuntingfoxes
B、forbidhuntingwildanimalswithdogs
C、stophuntingfoxesinthecountryside
D、preventlarge-scalefoxhunting
標準答案:B
知識點解析:根據(jù)文章最后一句:”…anewlawwhichwillmakehuntingofwild
animalswithdogsillegal”,說明法律禁止帶狗狩獵。故選B。
5、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.
A、killingfoxeswithpoisonisillegal
B、limitingthefoxpopulationisunnecessary
C、huntingfoxeswithdogsisconsideredcruelandviolent
D、fox-huntingoftenleadstoconfrontationbetweenthepoorandtherich
標準答案:C
知識點解析:文章倒數(shù)第二段敘述了帶狗狩獵被禁止的原因:“…becausetheythink
itisbrutal",可以判斷帶狗狩獵被認為是一種很殘酷的行為。因此正確答案為C。
Cultureisthesumtotalofallthetraditions,customs,beliefsandwaysoflifeofagiven
groupofhumanbeings.Inthissense,everygrouphasaculture,howeversavage,
underdeveloped,oruncivilizeditmayseemtous.Totheprofessionalanthropologist,
thereisnoinlrinsic(內在的)superiorityofonecultureoveranother;justastothe
professionallinguistthereisnointrinsichierarchy(等級制)amonglanguages.People
oncethoughtofthelanguagesofbackwardgroupsassavage,underdevelopedformsof
speechingeneralbeganasaseriesofgruntsandgroans,itisafactestablishedbythe
studyof"backward"languagesthatnospokentongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday.
Mostlanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsarc,byourmostseverestandards,extremely
complex,delicate,andingeniouspiecesofmachineryforthetransferofideas.Theyfall
behindourwesternlanguagesnotintheirsoundpatternsorgrammaticalstructures,
whichusuallyarefullyadequateforalllanguageneeds,butonlyintheirvocabularies,
whichreflecttheobjectsandactivitiesknowntotheirspeakers.Eveninthisdepartment,
however,twothingsaretobenoted:1.Alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryof
vocabularyexpansioneitherbyputtingtogetherwordsalreadyinexistenceorby
borrowingthemfromotherlanguagesandadaptingthemtotheirownsystem.2.The
objectsandactivitiesrequiringnamesanddistinctionsin"backward"languages,while
differentfromours,areoftensurprisinglynumerousandcomplicated.Awestern
languagedistinguishesmerelybetweentwodegreesofremoteness"this1'and"that";
somelanguagesoftheAmericanIndiansdistinguishbetweenwhatisclosetothespeaker,
ortothepersonaddressed,orremovedfromboth,oroutofsight,orinthepast,orinthe
future.Thisstudyoflanguage,inturn,castsanewlightupontheclaimofthe
anthropologiststhatallculturesaretobeviewedindependently,andwithoutideasofrank
orhierarchy.
6、Thelanguagesofuncivilizedgroupsascomparedtowesternlanguagesarelimited
in.
A^soundpatterns
B、grammaticalstructures
C、vocabulary
D、bothBandC
標準答案:C
知識點解析:由第三段中間一句:"Theyfallbehindourwesternlanguagesnot
in...butintheirvocabularies…”可知,未開化的部落的語言跟西方語言相比,其真正
落后的一面不是在發(fā)音方式或語法結構上,而是在詞匯方面。因此C為正確答
案。
7、Theauthorsaysthatgrunt-and-groanformsofspeecharefound.
A、nowheretoday
B、amongtheAustralianaborigines
C、amongeasterncultures
D>amongpeoplespeaking"backward"languages
標準答案:A
知識點解析:由第三段的第一句:”…studyof'backward'languagesthatnospoken
tongueanswersthatdescriptiontoday”可知,只會發(fā)哼哼聲或呻吟聲的語言如今已不
復存在。故選A。
8、Accordingtotheauthor,languages,whethercivilizedornot,have.
ANthepotentialforexpandingvocabulary
B、theirownsoundpatterns
C、anabilitytotransferideas
D^grammaticalstructures
標準答案:A
知識點解析:由第三段中:"Alllanguagesseemtopossessthemachineryof
vocabularyexpansion”可知,任何語言都有擴大詞匯的能力。因此A為正確答案。
9、Theauthorsaysthatproiessionallinguistsrecognizethat.
A^westernlanguagesaresuperiortoeasternlanguages
B、alllanguagescomefromgruntsandgroans
C、thehierarchyoflanguagesisdifficulttounderstand
D、thereisnohierarchyoflanguages
標準答案:D
知識點解析:從第二段的后半句:”…justastotheprofessionallinguistthereisno
intrinsichierarchyamonglanguages”可知,專業(yè)語言學家認為語言之間無等級之分。
故選D。
10、Whichofthefollowingisimpliedinthepassage?
A^Thestudyoflanguageshasdiscreditedanthropologicalstudies.
B、Thestudyoflanguageshasreinforcedanthropologistsintheirviewthatthereisno
hierarchyamongcultures.
C^Thestudyoflanguagesisthesameasthestudyofanthropologists.
D、Thestudyoflanguagescastsanewlightupontheclaimofanthropologists.
標準答案:B
知識點解析:通讀全文尤其是最后一段:”…allcuhuresaretobeviewed
independently,andwithoutideasofrankorhierarchy''可知,文章主要是為了闡明語
言學家對語言沒有等級之分的研究,其目的是為了進一步闡述人類學家的觀點,即
不同文化之間無等級之分。因此正確答案為B。
UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe1swritings
alwayshaveasenseofimmediacyandenthusiasm.Hewasaconstantexperimenterwith
life,withideasandwithformsofwriting.Forthesamereason,hisworksseldomhave
thequalitiesoffinishorformalbeautywhichdistinguishthemasterpiecesofDanteand
Virgil.Hecametolovethebeautiesofclassicism,butitwasneveranessentialpartofhis
make-up.Instead,theurgencyofthemoment,thespiritofthething,guidedhispen.Asa
result,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawofstructure,ofinconsistencies,ofexcesses
andredundanciesandextremities.Inalargesense,Goetherepresentsthefullest
developmentoftheromanticism.Ithasbeenarguedthatheshouldnotbesodesignated
becausehesoclearlymaturedandoutgrewthekindofromanticismexhibitedby
Wordsworth,Shelley,andKeats.ShelleyandKeatsdiedyoung;Wordsworthlived
narrowlyandabandonedhisearlyattitudes.Incontrast.Goethelivedabundantlyand
developedhisfaithinthespirit,hisunderstandingofnatureandhumannature,andhis
relianceonfeelingsasman'sessentialmotivatingiorce.Theresultwasanall-
encompassingvisionofrealityandaphilosophyoflifebroaderanddeeperthanthe
partialvisionsandattitudesofotherromanticists.Yet【hespiritofyouthfulness,〔he
impatiencewithclosereasoningor"logicchopping",andthecontinuedfaithinnature
remainedhistotheendJogetherwithanoccasionalwaywardnessandimpulsivenessand
adisregardofartisticorlogicalDropricty,whichsavorstionglyofromantic
individualism.Sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughtsandattitudesarcsimilarlybased
onthestimulusoftheRomanticMovement.Goethestandsasparticularlythepoetofthe
modernmanasDantestoodformedievalmanandasShakespeareforthemanofthe
Renaissance.
11、Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis.
A、GoetheandDante
B、TheCharacteristicsofRomanticism
C、Goethe,theRomanticist
D、Goethe'sAbundantLife
標準答案:c
知識點露析:文章通過分析歌德詩歌的藝術特點來說明他是浪漫主義詩人的代表
(Romanticist)oC項正合題意。
12、Goethe5sworkshov/salackof.
A^avisionofreality
B、repetitions
C、formalpolish
D、knowledgeofShakespeare
標準答案:C
知識點解析:根據(jù)第一段末尾:“Asaresult,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawof
structure,ofinconsistency,ofexcessesandredundanciesandextemalities”可矢H,歌德
的詩歌在結構、連貫性方面存在缺陷,并且過于冗長,因此他的詩歌缺乏規(guī)范的修
飾。故正確答案為C。
13、AcharacteristicofromanticismNOTmentionedinthispassageis.
A、interestinnature
B、modernityofideas
C^youthfulattitude
D^simplicityoflanguage
標準答案:D
知識點解析:根據(jù)第二段對浪漫主義詩歌特點的描述可知,D項中“語言的簡潔”沒
有被提及,因此D為正確答案。A項中“對自然的興趣”,B項中“觀點的現(xiàn)代性”,
C項中“年輕的精神”均在文章中提到。
14、Goetheiscalledthepoetofthemodernmanbecause.
A、hedevelopedhisfaith
helivedlongerthanShelleyandKeats
C^hepresentsmanytwentieth-centuryideas
D^hisworkhasseriousflaws
標準答案:C
知識點解析:原文第二段倒數(shù)第二句:”...sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughts
andattitudesaresimilarlybasedonthestimulus.Romantic:Movement,Gotte
Stands,asparticularlythemodernman...”,因為二十世紀的思想和態(tài)度是建立在以
歌德為代表的浪漫主義的基礎上,所以歌德也被看做是現(xiàn)代人。因此正確答案為
Co
15、Accordingtothispassage,Goethe.
A、stimulatedmanymodernideas
B、dislikedDanteandVirgil
C、shouldbecalledaclassicist
D、wasillogical
標準答案:A
知識點解析:根據(jù)文章最后內容可推斷,很多現(xiàn)代的思想觀點都是在以歌德為代表
的浪漫主義運動的刺激下產生的,也就是說在某種程度上,是歌德促進了這些現(xiàn)代
思想的產生。因此A為正確答案。
Veniceissuchastrangecity.ItisbuiltonanItalianlagoonintheAdriaticSea.Ithas
canalsinsteadofroads,whichmeanstherearenocarsorbuses,notramsortrainsor
bicyclesrunningpastus.Bestofall,youcouldwalkorjumporplayhide-and-scckonits
cobbledstreetsoritscountlessbridgeswheneveryouchooseto.DailylifeinVenice
skimsoveritswaterways.especiallythesweepingdoublecurveoftheGrandCanaland
the180smallerwaterpassagesthatrunthroughthe118islandsthatmakeupthecity.For
generations,linyboatyardshavebuilttheselopsidedboats,withonesidecurvingfurther
outwardsthantheother.Why?Tobalancetheweightoftheoarsmanattheendofthe
boat.ThisItaliancityisknownforitsfestivals,especiallythepopularten-dayCarnivalin
April.Children,teenagersandadultsdressinspecialcostumes,unusualstockingsand
shoes,thendomasksbeforetheytakepartinthiscelebration.It'sdifficulttomakeout
whoisbehindeachmask,butit'seasytomakefriendsduringthisconstantpartyinthe
streets.Whatfun!Onotheroccasions,Venetianscelebratewitharegattaorboatrace.
ThecitylovestheVogalonga,onthefirstSundayofMay,bestofall.Thafswhenanyone
whocanrowwithoarsiswelcometojointheotherboatsonthegreatGrandCanal,
especiallyinfancydress.Imaginethesight!Veniceisanunusualcity,butitisfacingan
unusualthreat.It'ssinking.Sinceit'sbuiltonalagoon,theweightofthecityonthesilt
beneathitthreatensitslife."Venicetodayissinkingthreetimesasfastasbefore,at
300mmpercentury,"explainsanenvironmentalist.Wefeelsadaboutthethoughtthat
beautifulVenice,withitssplendidchurches,itscollectionsofartanditshappyspirit,
maybeburiedundertheseasomeday.MaytheLionofSt.Mark,thesymbolofVenice,
neverfacethatday.
16>Thistextmainlytalksabout.
A、theboatsofVenice
avoyageinVenice
C、abriefintroductiontoVenice
D、ihereasonofVenice'ssinking
標準答案:c-
知識點解析:通讀全文可知全篇都在講述和介紹威尼斯這個城市,故選C。
17、TheboatsinVenicearedesignedwithonesidecurvingfurtheroutwardsthanthe
otherbecause.
A^theVenetianswantedtomakethemspecial
B、itwillbeeasiertokeepthebalance
C、itisdesignedfortheoarsmanwhoisover-weightedontheboat
D、thereare180smallerwaterpassagesthatrunthroughthe118islands
標準答案:B'」
知識點解析:由第三段最后一句可知船造成這樣是為了起到平衡作用,故選B。
18、WhaidoweknowaboutfestivalsinVenice?
A、ThefestivalsarebasedonthestrangeItalianlagoon.
TheresidentswillmakemasksduringtheCarnival.
C、Festivalsareheldforpeopletomakefriends.
D、PeoplecanhaveaboatraceduringtheVogalongainApril.
標準答案:B
知識點解析:由第四段第二句話可知道威尼斯的人們在十天的狂歡節(jié)中除了穿著打
扮要更新,還要制作面具。故選B。
19、Accordingtothistext,thesinkingofVeniceisbecauseof.
A、thepollutioninthecity
B、collapseofthesiltbeneaththecity
C^theindustryofthiscity
D^somanycanalsthere
標準答案:B
知識點解析:由文章倒數(shù)第二段第三句話可以很快找到答案。
20、Wheredoyouthinkthistextcomesfrom?
A、Amagazinefortravelers.
Anadvertisementfromatravelagency.
C、Ascientificmagazine.
D、AmagazinefbrVenicemerchants.
標準答案:A
知識點解析:文章介紹威尼斯的概況,可判斷應出現(xiàn)在旅游雜志上。
UnlikethecarefullyweighedandplannedcompositionsofDante,Goethe'swritings
alwayshaveasenseofimmediacyandenthusiasm.Hewasaconstantexperimenterwith
life,withideasandwithformsofwriting.Forthesamereason,hisworksseldomhave
thequalitiesoffinishorformalbeautywhichdistinguishthemasterpiecesofDanteand
Virgil.Hecametolovethebeautiesofclassicism,butitwasneveranessentialpartofhis
make-up.Instead,theurgencyofthemoment,thespiritofthething,guidedhispen.Asa
result,nearlyallhisworkshaveseriousflawofstructure,ofinconsistencies,ofexcesses
andredundanciesandextremities.Inalargesense,Goetherepresentsthefullest
developmentoftheromanticism.Ithasbeenarguedthatheshouldnotbesodesigna:ed
becausehesoclearlymaturedandoutgrewthekindofromanticismexhibitedby
Wordsworth,Shelley,andKeats.ShelleyandKeatsdiedyoung;Wordsworthlived
narrowlyandabandonedhisearlyattitudes.Incontrast.Goethelivedabundantlyand
developedhisfaithinthespirit,hisunderstandingofnatureandhumannature,andhis
relianceonfeelingsasman'sessentialmotivatingforce.Theresultwasanall-
encompassingvisionofrealityandaphilosophyoflifebroaderanddeeperthanthe
partialvisionsandattitudesofotherromanticists.Yetthespiritofyouthfulness,the
impatiencewithclosereasoningor"logicchopping",andthecontinuedfaithinnature
remainedhistotheend,togetherwithanoccasionalwaywardnessandimpulsivenessand
adisregardofartisticorlogicalpropriety,whichsavorstronglyofromantic
individualism.Sincesomanytwentiethcenturythoughtsandattitudesaresim
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