2025版高考英語大一輪復習課時達標9Unit4Wildlifeprotection含解析新人教版必修2

PAGEPAGE1課時達標(九)Unit4WildlifeprotectionⅠ閱讀理解A課標話題人與自然·人與動植物體裁說明文詞數(shù)321難度(2024·廈門雙十中學月考)KazakhstanannouncedplanstobringwildtigersbacktotheirhistoricalrangeintheIli-Balkhashregion,andsignedanagreementwithWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)toconductatigerreintroductionprogram.“Itwillnotonlybringwildtigersbacktotheirancestralhome,butalsoprotecttheuniqueecosystemoftheIli-Balkhashregion，”saidAskarMyrzakhmetov,theMinisterofAgricultureoftheRepublicofKazakhstan.Ifsuccessful,Kazakhstanwillbethefirstcountryintheworldtobringwildtigersbacktoanentireregionwheretheyhavediedoutfornearlyhalfacentury.Tigerreintroductionprojectshaveonlybeenachievedwithinnationalbordersandinareasthatareconsideredcurrenttigerhabitats(棲息地).Kazakhstan’stigerreintroductionprogramisuniqueanditdesperatelyrequirestherestorationofavastforestthatispartofthewildtiger’shistoricalrange.Sincethebeginningofthe20thcentury,wildtigershavelostover90percentoftheirhistoricalrange.Wildtigershavecompletelydisappearedfromtheregionsincethelate1940s,duetothelossofhabitat.Toprepareforthereturnofwildtigers,on1stJanuary2024KazakhstanwillsetupanewnaturereserveinthesouthwesternIli-Balkhash,inordertorestoretheuniqueforesthabitat.Thiswillincludetheprotectionofexistingwildlife,andreintroducingimportantprey(獵物),suchastheendangeredwildBactriandeer.RestoringtigerswillalsohelpprotectLakeBalkhashandpreventitfromrepeatingthefateoftheAralSea,formerlytheworld’sfourthlargestlakeandnow10percentofitsoriginalsize.“Thehardworkremainsaheadofus.Wehavetosparenoefforttomakethisregionreadyfortigersandinvolveallstakeholders(利益相關者)tomakethishappen.Thatmeansdealingwithillegalactivities,havingthesepeoplewhogovernparksbewell-trainedandequipped,increasingpreypopulationsandinvolvinglocalcommunities，”saidEkaterinaVorobyeva,DirectoroftheWWFprogram.語篇導讀哈薩克斯坦通過與世界自然基金會簽訂協(xié)議以及設立新的自然愛護區(qū)等舉措開啟野生老虎重新引入項目。1．WhatisAskarMyrzakhmetov’sattitudetowardthetigerreintroductionprogram?A．Doubtful． B．Favorable.C．Concerned． D．Disapproving.解析B觀點看法題。依據第一段中AskarMyrzakhmetov的話可知，他認為該項目不僅能讓野生老虎重返家園，也可以愛護伊犁—巴爾喀什地區(qū)的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。由此可推知，他對這個項目持支持的看法，故選B項。2．WhatmadethewildtigersdisappearintheIli-Balkhashregion?A．Theincreasinglossofprey.B．Theevolutionofthespecies.C．Thelackofnaturallivingplaces.D．Theseriousenvironmentalpollution.解析C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第三段其次句可知，在伊犁—巴爾喀什地區(qū)，野生老虎消逝是它們的棲息地丟失造成的結果，故選C項。3．Whichmeasuremaybetakenforthereintroductionoftigers?A．Regulatinghumanactivities.B．Limitingthenumberofprey.C．Buildingareservefortigersonly.D．Trainingtigerstobemoreadaptable.解析A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據文章最終一句可知，為了使野生老虎重回哈薩克斯坦，人們實行的其中一項措施就是打擊非法活動，即要管控人類行為，故選A項。4．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．EffortstoRestoreForestsinKazakhstanB．BringingTigersbackHometoKazakhstanC．AttemptstoHandleIllegalActivitiesEffectivelyD．PreventingTigersDisappearinginKazakhstan解析B標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹的是使野生老虎重回哈薩克斯坦的一個項目，故選B項。B課標話題人與自然·自然科學探討成果體裁說明文詞數(shù)317難度Scientistshavesolvedthemysteryofwhytheoverwhelmingmajorityofmammothfossils(化石)aremale.Muchlikewildelephantstoday,youngmaleIceAgemammothsprobablytravelledaroundaloneandmoreoftengotthemselvesintoriskysituationswheretheyweresweptintorivers,orfellthroughiceorintomud,lakesorsinkholesthatpreservedtheirbonesforthousandsofyears,scientistssay.Females,ontheotherhand,travelledingroupsledbyanoldermatriarchwhoknewthelandscapeanddirectedhergroupawayfromdanger.“Withoutthebenefitoflivinginaherdledbyanexperiencedfemale,malemammothshadamuchhigherriskofdyinginnaturaltrapssuchasmudholes,rockcracksandlakes，”saidco-authorLoveDalénoftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistoryinareportpublishedonThursdayinthejournalCurrentBiology.Thestudyusedgeneticdatatodeterminethesexof98woollymammothfossilsinSiberia.Researchersfoundthat69%ofthesamplesweremale,aheavilyunbalancedsexratio,assumingthatthesexeswerefairlyevenatbirth.“Wewereverysurprisedbecausetherewasnoreasontoexpectasexbiasinthefossilrecord，”saidfirstauthorPatriciaPecnerova,alsooftheSwedishMuseumofNaturalHistory.Therefore,researchersbelievethatsomethingaboutthewaytheylivedinfluencedthewaytheydied.“Mostbones,tusks,andteethfrommammothsandotherIceAgeanimalshaven’tsurvived，”explainedDalén.“ItishighlylikelythattheremainsthatarefoundinSiberiathesedayshavebeenpreservedbecausetheyhavebeenburied,andthusprotectedfromweathering.”Thesegiant,tuskedplanteatersdisappearedabout4,000yearsago.Whilethereisnoscientificagreementonthecausesoftheirdisappearancefromtheplanet,mostbelievethatclimatechange,excessivehuntingbyhumansandthespreadofotheranimalsintomammothfeedinggroundswereinfluentialfactors.語篇導讀本文主要介紹了猛犸象化石大多是雄性以及這種生物從地球上最終消逝的緣由。5．Theunderlinedword“matriarch”inParagraph3means________.A．figurehead B．femaleleaderC．experiencedanimal D．maturemammoth解析B詞義揣測題。依據第四段中的Withoutthebenefit…naturaltraps可推知，matriarch是指有閱歷的雌性領導，故選B項。6．Whydothemajorityofmammothfossilscomefrommaleanimals?A．Scientistsfinditeasiertostudymalefossilisedbones.B．Thereweremoremalemammothsincomparisontofemales.C．Malemammothswerebetterabletoadapttothechangingcircumstances.D．Malemammothsmorefrequentlydiedinplaceswherefossilscouldform.解析D推理推斷題。依據其次段內容可推知，雄性猛犸象很可能單獨出行而非群體活動，因此更簡單陷入危急境地致死，最終變成化石，故選D項。7．Whichofthefollowingissuggestedasareasonformammothsdyingout?A．Theincreasingcompetitionforfood.B．Thecoolingoftheearth’stemperature.C．Thedisappearanceofmalemammoths.D．Theriskybehaviourofyoungermammoths.解析A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據最終一段最終一句可知，大多數(shù)科學家認為氣候改變、人類的過度獵殺、其他動物入侵聚食場是導致猛犸象滅亡的重要緣由，故選A項。8．Whattypeofwritingisthepassageprobably?A．Anewspaperarticle． B．Anacademicessay.C．Ahistoricaldescription． D．Asciencefictionstory.解析A文章出處題。依據第一段的導入和全文內容可推知，本文是一篇有關猛犸象化石探討的新聞報道，故選A項。Ⅱ七選五課標話題人與自然·人與動植物體裁爭論文詞數(shù)232難度Toraisemoneyforwildlifeconservation,MozambiqueinAfricawillallowsportshunting.Theplanistosell80huntingpermitsayearat$11,000eachforelephantsandabout60permitsforlionsat$4,000each.Thegovernmentwillcollectmostoftheprofits,but20%willgotothecommunitiesintheconservationareas.CriticsfearlegalhuntingcandestroyMozambique’sfragileelephantpopulation.__1__Othersarguethathunting,ifproperlymanaged,canbeatoolforprotectingwildlife.Herearetwoprimaryschoolstudentstosharetheirviews.A9-year-oldgirlfromBeaufort,SouthCarolinasupportstheidea.Shethinksthathunterskillanimalswithoutcontributingasingledollartoconservation.Butifhuntingwerepermitted,theymightpayforthechancetogetabig-gametrophy(戰(zhàn)利品)．__2__Forexample,themoneycouldbeusedtopaytheguardstomakesurethosebreakingthehuntingruleswerepunished.__3__However,a10-year-oldgirlfromAtlanta,Georgiadisagrees.Shethinksthatifsportshuntingwereallowed,endangeredspeciescouldbecomeextinct.__4__Itwouldteachthechildrenoftheworldaboutkilling,deathandsorrowinsteadofpeace,loveandkindness.Wehavetoprotectbig-gameanimalssothatfuturegenerationscanexperiencethem．__5__Theseprotectedareaswillattracttourists,whowillpayforachancetoseesuchamazingcreaturesintheirnaturalhabitat.A．Thatwouldbeapermanentlossforthemankind.B．Isthisthebestwaytosaveanimalsfromextinction?C．Well-regulatedsportshuntingcanbenefittheconservationoflistedspecies.D．Illegalhuntershavealreadywipedoutnearlyhalfofthecountry’selephants.E．Themoneyraisedfromlegalhuntingwouldcontributetoprotectingthewildlife.F．Soinsteadofraisingmoneybyhunting,thecountryshouldbuildmorewildlifepreserves.G．Themoneycouldalsobeusedtobuymoreprotectedlandswhereanimalscanwanderfreely.語篇導讀為了愛護野生動物籌募資金，莫桑比克允許狩獵兩種動物。本文介紹了兩位學生對此項目所持的不同觀點。1．解析D詮釋關系?？涨耙痪渲v“反對者擔憂狩獵合法化會毀掉莫桑比克脆弱的大象種群”，D項(非法狩獵者已殺死了這個國家將近一半的大象)是對前一句的補充說明，故選D項。2．解析E例證關系。依據空后一句可知，空處應講合法狩獵獲得的錢的用途。E項(合法狩獵所得的錢將用于愛護野生生物)符合語境，故選E項。3．解析G并列關系?？涨耙痪渲v合法狩獵所得收益的用處，G項(這些錢也可以用來購買更多的愛護區(qū)，在那里動物可以自由閑逛)緊承上文，其中的also也是提示，故選G項。4．解析A順承關系。依據空前的endangeredspeciescouldbecomeextinct可知，Georgia認為狩獵合法化會使瀕危物種滅亡，A項(這對人類將是永久的損失)緊扣上文，故選A項。5．解析F因果關系。依據空后的Theseprotectedareas可知，空處應與建立愛護區(qū)有關。F項(因此，國家應當建立更多的野生動植物愛護區(qū)而不是通過狩獵募集資金)符合語境，故選F項。Ⅲ短文改錯(2024·山東德州質監(jiān))Onemontheq\o(before,\s\do11(ago))①，withtheCollegeEntranceExaminationaroundthecorner,Iwasnervousandinloweq\o(spirit,\s\do11(spirits))②becauseofmypoorperformance.WhenIwasateq\o(the,\s\do11(a))③lossandonthepointofgivingup,myheadtea