全優(yōu)課堂 英語 高考總復(fù)習(xí) 課件UNIT 3　ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

選擇性必修第三冊UNIT3

ENVIRONMENTALPROTECTION(本欄目對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書P236)目錄1每日早晚必背2課前語基夯實(shí)3考點(diǎn)多維突破4能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)5課時(shí)作業(yè)★每日早晚必背假如你是李華，你校的英文學(xué)習(xí)社刊物正在舉辦“校園環(huán)保”主題征文活動(dòng)。請用英文寫一篇短文投稿。內(nèi)容包括：1.校園保護(hù)的現(xiàn)狀；2.改善現(xiàn)狀的措施；3.發(fā)起愛護(hù)環(huán)境呼吁。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！炯盐谋痴b】

Atpresent，theproblemofgarbagepollutionisgettingsoseriousthatourcampusisnowbeingsurroundedbygarbageandsomearesuffering

fromtheconsequencesofit.Tosolvetheproblemofgarbagepollution，weshouldtake

effective

measures

without

hesitation.Tobeginwith，weshouldeconomiseresourcestoreducethe

amount

ofgarbage.Inaddition，it’sagoodideatosortthegarbageproperlysothatitcanbetreatedeasily.Finally，we’dbetterraise

students’

awareness

ofprotectingtheenvironment.Inmyview，it’severyone’sdutytoreducegarbagepollution.Onlyifwepull

togethercanweliveinabetterenvironment.【詞匯積累】sufferfrom遭受takeeffectivemeasures采取有效措施withouthesitation毫不遲疑地theamountof……的數(shù)量raiseone’sawarenessof提高某人關(guān)于……的意識pulltogether齊心協(xié)力【句式仿寫】1.濕地是如此重要，我們應(yīng)該不遺余力地保護(hù)它們。(so+adj.+that)Thewetlands

weshouldsparenoeffortstoprotectthem.

2.只有生態(tài)環(huán)境變得更好，野生動(dòng)物才能安全快樂地生活。(Onlyif倒裝句)

wildanimalslivesafelyandhappily.

aresoimportantthatOnlyiftheecologicalenvironmentgetsbettercan?高頻重點(diǎn)詞匯◎核心詞匯

會運(yùn)用1.

vt.&

n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布

2.

n.趨勢；趨向；動(dòng)向

3.

n.燃料；刺激性言行

4.

vt.抓??；奪?。豢刂?/p>

★課前語基夯實(shí)releasetrend

fuelseize5.

vi.&

vt.改革；(使)改正；改造n.改革；變革；改良

6.

n.垃圾；廢物

7.

vt.對……處以罰款

8.

n.(一)打；十二個(gè)

reformgarbagefinedozen【語境活用】根據(jù)漢語提示完成句子1.Dealershavegotwisetothe

(動(dòng)向)andincreasedtheirpricesaccordingly.

2.It’snecessarytoeducatechildrentosortthe

(垃圾).

3.Iboughta

(打)eggsandeveryoneofthemwasbad.

4.WhenIwassurfingtheInternet，ablog

(抓住)myeyesthathumanfootprintsmightthreatentheecosystem.

5.Thefactorywas

(對……處以罰款)fordischargingchemicalsintotheriver.

trend

garbagedozenseizedfined

6.Thefactoryisbannedfrom

(排放)smoke.

7.Theprimeministerrejectedanyideaof

(改革)thesystem.

releasing

reforming◎拓展詞匯

能提升1.

vi.&

vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→

n.饑餓；挨餓；餓死→

adj.饑餓的；挨餓的

2.

n.生態(tài)；生態(tài)學(xué)→

adj.生態(tài)的；生態(tài)學(xué)的→

n.生態(tài)學(xué)家

3.

vt.維持；遭受；承受住→

adj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的

4.

vt.理解→

n.理解力；領(lǐng)悟力；理解練習(xí)→

adj.全部的；所有的；詳盡的

starvestarvationstarvingecologyecologicalecologistsustainsustainablecomprehendcomprehensioncomprehensive5.

adj.頻繁的；經(jīng)常的→

adv.

頻繁地；經(jīng)?！?/p>

n.頻率；頻繁

6.

vt.限制；限定；束縛→

n.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；約束

7.

n.協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽；調(diào)和→

adj.和諧的

8.

vt.&

vi.提交；呈遞；屈服→

n.提交；服從

9.

adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鑒→

adv.

每年

frequentfrequentlyfrequencyrestrictrestriction

harmonyharmonious

submitsubmissionannualannually10.

vt.感覺到n.感覺→

adj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的→

adj.明智的

11.

vt.恢復(fù)；使復(fù)原；修復(fù)→

n.恢復(fù)

12.

vt.保護(hù)；保持→

n.對(環(huán)境、文物等)保護(hù)；保持

13.

vt.檢查；查看；視察→

n.檢查；查看；視察→

n.檢查員；巡視員

14.

vt.忍受；包容；容許→

n.寬容；容忍→

adj.寬容的；容忍的

sensesensitivesensiblesensiblerestorationconserveconservationinspectinspectioninspectortoleratetolerancetolerant【語境活用】使用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

goingoutmayresultin

absencefromwork，whichwillinfluenceyoursalary.(frequent)

2.Theypreparedareportfor

tothecouncil，inwhichthey

thattheevidencewasunreliable.(submit)

3.People’slifehereisfullof

andatthesametime，humansandnaturemakea

picture.(harmony)

4.Itissurprisingthattherearestillmanypeopleintheworld

todeatheachyear；thatis，manypeopledieof

.(starve)

Frequentlyfrequentsubmissionsubmittedharmonyharmoniousstarvingstarvation5.Iwillnot

thatsortofbehaviourinmyclassandnoonewillbe

ofthat.(tolerate)

6.Through

effortsofmanyconservationists，pandashavebeen

andbroughtbackfromtheedgeofextinction.(conserve)

7.Thebuildingisregularly

bythefire-safety

.Another

willbecarriedoutnextmonth.(inspect)

8.To

smoking，thenew

bannedsmokinginpublicplacestoensureeveryone’shealth.(restrict)

toleratetolerantconservationconservedinspectedinspectorsinspectionrestrictrestriction?高頻短語串記※單元短語再現(xiàn)contributeto；resultin；insearchof；trapin；dozensof；onbehalfof【語境活用】選用所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1.

everyonehere，Iwishyouapleasantjourneybacktoyourcountry.

2.Theseworkersmigratefromcountrytocountry

work.

3.Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescuethose_____________thebuilding.Onbehalfofinsearchoftrappedin

4.Ontheoppositewallarehanging

picturesaswellastwomapsofChina.

5.Itwashiscarelessnessthat

hisfailure.

6.Ourignoranceoftheenvironmentprotectionhas

thewholebalanceofnaturebeingdestroyed.

dozensofresultedincontributedto?重點(diǎn)句型仿寫1.There

is

no/little

doubt

that…毫無疑問……ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer(seethegraph).

毫無疑問，地球正在變得越來越暖和(見圖表)。［仿寫］

(毫無疑問)theconstructionofthishighwaywillcontributetothedevelopmentofthisarea.

Thereisno/littledoubtthat2.動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語作結(jié)果狀語Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，trapsomeoftheheat，

keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.

大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，吸收了部分熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖且適宜居住。［仿寫］Itrainedheavily，

(造成了嚴(yán)重的洪災(zāi))inthatcountry.

causingsevereflooding3.“with+n./pron.+非謂語動(dòng)詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞(短語)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Waterpollutionlevelsincreased，

withmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver.

隨著更多的生活和商業(yè)垃圾排入江中，水污染程度更加嚴(yán)重。［仿寫］

(有水覆蓋著)morethan70%ofitssurface，Earthlookslikeablueball.

Withwatercovering?詞匯精磨1.starve

vt.&

vi.(使)挨餓；餓死【探究歸納】★考點(diǎn)多維突破【典例示范】Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthatchildrenallstarve

forloveandfriendship.全世界都知道，孩子們都渴望得到愛和友誼。Sincethefaminebrokeout，thenumberofthepeopledying

of

starvationhasbeenincreasing.自從饑荒暴發(fā)以來，死于饑餓的人數(shù)一直在增加?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)She’s

herselftotrytoloseweight.Buttheharmthe

bringstohercannotbeavoidable.(starve)

(2)Peopleinthisregionarestarved

drinkingwater.

(3)Theydidnotstarve

deathandwerenotpoisoned，scientistsaid.

(4)這個(gè)部門一直缺乏資源。Thedepartmenthas

resources.

starvingstarvationoftobeenstarvedof2.seize

vt.抓?。粖Z?。豢刂啤咎骄繗w納】【典例示范】TheonlyopportunityshecouldseizetostudywaswhenherbrotherwashavingChineselessonswiththefamilytutor.她唯一能抓住的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會是她哥哥和家庭教師一起上中文課的時(shí)候。

【即學(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Beforethethiefcouldrunaway，Lucyseizedhim

thecollar.

(2)Therumourswereeagerlyseized

bythelocalpress.

(3)我們應(yīng)該把握機(jī)遇努力實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)。Weshould

toachieveourgoal.

byon/uponseizetheopportunitytoworkhard3.harmonious

adj.和諧的【探究歸納】【典例示范】Ilearnthatdifferentracesshouldrespecteachotherandlive

in

harmonyinsteadofbeingatwar.我認(rèn)識到不同的種族應(yīng)該互相尊重，和睦相處，而不是相互爭斗。Withbettereducation，peoplewillbeabletobuildabettersocietyin

harmony

withnature.有了更好的教育，人們能夠建立一個(gè)與自然和諧相處的更美好的社會?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Onlyinthiswaycanwebuildamore

(harmony)society.

(2)Wealwaysdesiretoliveinharmony

ourneighbours.

(3)我們絕不能忽視人類必須與自然和諧相處這一事實(shí)。Wemustneverlosesightofthefactthathumanbeingsmust

.

harmoniouswithliveinharmonywithnature4.submit

vt.&

vi.提交；呈遞；屈服【探究歸納】【典例示范】Ifyouwanttobepublished，it’svitaltosubmitaperfect，professionallypresentedmanuscript.如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Completedprojectsmust

(submit)by10March.

(2)Indesperation，MrsJonessubmitted

(she)toanoperationonherrightkneetorelievethepain.

(3)Thedefeatedgeneralshowedhis

(submit)bygivinguphissword.

(4)該計(jì)劃將送交委員會正式批準(zhǔn)。Theplanwill

thecommitteeforofficialapproval.

besubmittedherselfsubmissionbesubmittedto5.sensitive

adj.敏感的；善解人意的；靈敏的【探究歸納】【典例示范】There

is

no

sense

in

persuadinghimanylonger.Oncehehasmadeuphismind，nothingcanchangeit.再勸說他是沒有意義的。一旦他下定決心，沒有什么能改變它?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Ilearntthatafishisacoldbloodedanimalandthereforeitissensitive

watertemperature.

to(2)Areyousensible

thedangersofyourposition？

(3)

asenseitdoesn’tmatteranymore，soitdoesn’tneedconsidering.

(4)這種事情絕不能發(fā)生在我們學(xué)校。

suchathingbeallowedtohappeninourschool.

ofInInnosenseshould6.refer

to

查閱；參考；涉及；提到，談起；指的是【探究歸納】【典例示范】Iamwritingwith

reference

toyourjobapplication.我寫這封信是關(guān)于你的工作申請的事情?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)First，agirlImetonedaytoldmeshewastrainingfora“super”，referring

a52.4-miledoublemarathon.

to(2)Itwasreportedthatthecasehad

(refer)toahighercourt.

(3)Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredto

“whitecollarworkers”.

(4)教科書和字典可以作為參考書，而雜志可以作為閱讀材料。Thetextbooksanddictionariescanbeusedas

whilethemagazinesserveasreadingmaterials.

beenreferred

asreferencebooks?句型透視1.(教材P27)Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere，suchasmethaneandcarbondioxide，trapsomeoftheheat，

keeping

Earth’s

climate

warm

and

habitable.

大氣中的溫室氣體，如甲烷和二氧化碳，吸收了部分熱量，使地球氣候保持溫暖且適宜居住。

【句式提煉】該句中的“keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable”為動(dòng)詞的-ing形式短語作狀語。【歸納拓展】語法現(xiàn)象動(dòng)詞的-ing形式(短語)作狀語特點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語之間為主謂關(guān)系。邏輯主語通常是句子的主語或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式前的整個(gè)句子形式動(dòng)詞的-ing形式的完成式為havingdone，被動(dòng)式為beingdone【典例示范】Thechildslippedandfelldown，

hitting

her

head

against

the

door.那孩子滑了一跤，頭撞在了門上。Feeling

disappointed

at

the

result

of

the

exam，Iburstintotears.對考試結(jié)果感到失望，我哭了起來。【即學(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Hisfatherwaskilledinthecaraccident，

(leave)thelifemuchharder.

(2)

(finish)herhomework，thegirlwenttobedhappily.

(3)

(work)asavolunteerteacherinthewest，theyoungmandevelopedaninterestingrowingvegetables.

(4)繼續(xù)努力學(xué)習(xí)，你一定會被重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取的。

hard，you’llsurelybeadmittedintothekeyuniversity.

leaving

HavingfinishedWorkingKeepingonstudying2.(教材P32)Waterpollutionlevelsincreased，

with

more

household

and

commercial

waste

ending

up

in

the

river.

隨著更多的生活和商業(yè)垃圾排入江中，水污染程度更加嚴(yán)重?！揪涫教釤挕吭摼渲械摹皐ithmorehouseholdandcommercialwasteendingupintheriver”為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。【歸納拓展】語法現(xiàn)象“with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)考點(diǎn)with表示伴隨，意為“帶有；具有”賓語補(bǔ)足語的形式doing(賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為主謂或進(jìn)行的關(guān)系)done(賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為動(dòng)賓或完成的關(guān)系)todo(賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間為將來進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的關(guān)系)adj./adv./介詞短語【典例示范】Tohissurprise，theboycameoutwith

the

watch

in

his

hand.令他吃驚的是，男孩出來了，手里拿著手表。With

the

Spring

Festival

approaching，peoplebegintopreparesomefoodanddecorationsforthefestival.隨著春節(jié)的臨近，人們開始為春節(jié)準(zhǔn)備一些食物和裝飾品?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單句語法填空/完成句子(1)Withtheoldman

(lead)theway，wehadnodifficultyinfindingthehouse.

(2)Withtheoldman

(lead)theway，wewillhavenodifficultyinfindingthehouse.

leadingtolead(3)Tomyjoy，Icouldgoshoppingwithmymotherwithalotofhomework

(finish).

(4)史密斯先生太累了，開著門就睡著了。Feelingtiredout，MrSmithfellasleep

.

finishedwiththedooropenⅠ.語境辨義根據(jù)語境寫出黑體詞的詞性及含義1.Thestorywrittenbyayoungmanhasattractedworldwideattention.

2.Thegovernmenthasagreedtoimplementtherecommendationinthereport.

3.Thegovernmentintendstopushaheadwithitsreformprogramme.

★能力優(yōu)化集訓(xùn)adj.世界各地的vt.貫徹；執(zhí)行n.改革；變革4.Contrarytopopularbelief，

moderateexerciseactuallydecreasesyourappetite.

5.Thechairmanofthecompanypresentedtheannualreport.

6.Agoodadvertisingcampaignwillincreaseoursales.

adj.適度的adj.每年的；一年的n.運(yùn)動(dòng)Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Whenevertheconsultantinpsychologywaswornout，hewasstarving

acupofcoffeetorefreshhimself.

2.Sopessimisticwasmyclassmatethathehadnoideahow

(release)histremendouspressure.

3.Finally，Imadeupmymind

(seize)theopportunitytoenhancemyoverallcompetence.

4.Basedonwhatheobserved，thespecialistdecidedon

(submit)hismedicalreporttothepresidentofthehospital.

fortorelease

toseizesubmitting5.Onbehalf

ourschool，Iappealtoeachstudenttotakemorephysicalexercise.

6.Busesrun

(frequent)betweenthecityandtheairport.

7.Thesurgeoncan’ttolerate

(disturb)byotherswhenheisabsorbedinreading.

8.Withinthecompassofanormalsizedbooksucha

(comprehend)surveywasnotpracticable.

9.I

thathewasvery

towhatotherssaidandhecouldnotmake

choices.(sense)

offrequencybeingdisturbed

comprehensivesensedsensitivesensible10.Thenewswhich

(broadcast)onTVyesterdayabsorbedallthecitizens’attention.

wasbroadcastⅢ.選詞填空用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文，并背誦該短文。(黑體詞匯為本單元詞匯)haveanimpacton；dozensof；carryout；starvetodeath；releasedinto；there’slittledoubtthat

Withmoderategreenhousegases，suchasmethaneandcarbon

dioxide

1.

theatmosphere，Earthcansustainlife.Butcomprehensiveevidenceshowsthatmoreheatenergythannecessaryexistsbecauseofburninganincreasingvolumeoffossil

fuels.beingreleasedinto2.

itishumanactivitythathasresultedinglobalwarming.Hence，thewarmingtrend

3.

Earth’secologyandharmoniousdevelopment.Someevenpredictthatifhumansdon’ttakeeffectivemeasuresimmediately，Earthwon’tsustainlifeanylonger.Newsreportsarefrequently

broadcastaboutpolarbears，

sealsandpenguinsthat4.

becauseofthemeltingice.Tropical

junglesaredestroyed，makingthemlesshabitableforanimals.Whathumanbeingscan’ttolerateisthatgarbageisthrowneverywhere，suchaswaterwaysandbasins.Facedwiththeseveresituations，worldwidegovernmentshavereformed

policiestoreducegreenhousegasThere’slittledoubtthathasanimpactonstarvetodeathemissionsandrestorethesensitive

ecology.5.

enterpriseshavesubmittedandimplementedtheirconservation

regulations，saying，“Wewillimmediately6.

thedisposalofthewasteweproduce.”Individualscanalsoseizeeverychancetoreducethe“carbonfootprint”inthedailylife.AlthoughEarthhasundergonesomeecologicalchaos，peoplefromallovertheworldconfidentlysaythatthosemeasurescancreateasustainableworld.

DozensofcarryoutⅣ.微寫作根據(jù)漢語提示并運(yùn)用本單元的詞匯和語法寫一段話

在我看來，海洋資源的破壞有兩個(gè)原因。首先，商業(yè)捕撈對魚類數(shù)量和種類的急劇減少產(chǎn)生了影響。因此，需要更多的限制來保持魚類的多樣性。其次，許多工廠一直把垃圾和臟水倒進(jìn)海洋，使海洋不再是適宜海洋生物居住的地方。因此，隨著情況的惡化，迫切需要喚起工廠對于海洋資源的保護(hù)意識，并把排污系統(tǒng)的改革列入議事日程?！敬鸢浮縊nepossibleversion：Inmyview，therearetworeasonsforthedestructionofmarineresources.Firstly，commercialfishinghasanimpactonthesharpdecreaseinthenumberandvarietyoffish.Therefore，morerestrictionsareneededtokeepthediversityoffish.Secondly，manyfactorieshavebeenfrequentlypouringgarbageanddirtywaterintotheocean，

makingtheoceannolongerahabitableplaceformarineorganisms.Asaresult，

withthesituationgettingworse，itisurgenttoraisefactories’awarenessofmarineresourcesconservationandputthereformofsewagesystemsontheagenda.（本欄目對應(yīng)課時(shí)作業(yè)P533）Ⅰ.閱讀理解A

Thefollowingsaresomeunsungheroesbringingauniqueviewpointandapproachtotheglobalchallengeofenvironmentalconservation.Greta

Thunberg

GretaThunberg，ayoungenvironmentalvoicefromSweden，hasnotonlycaughtglobalattentionbuttransformeditintoapowerfulmovement.Throughher“FridaysforFuture”initiative，Gretaencouragesstudentsworldwidetoadvocateforclimateaction，callingfortheurgencyofaddressingclimatechange.Hertouchingspeechesatinternationalforums，coupledwitharefusaltoacceptinactionhavemadeherasymbolofyouth-drivenenvironmentaladvocacy.Wangari

Maathai

ThelateNobelPeacePrizewinnerfromKenyaleftapermanentmarkthroughherpioneeringGreenBeltMovement.Thisgrassrootsinitiativeempoweredcommunities，particularlywomen，tofightagainstdeforestationthroughtreeplanting.Maathai’slegacylivesoninthemillionsoftreesplantedacrossAfrica，reflectingherbeliefthatsustainabledevelopmentstartsatthegrassrootslevel，withcommunitiesactivelyengagedinpreservingtheirenvironment.Isaton

Ceesay

IsatouCeesay，anenvironmentalistfromTheGambia，hasemergedasapioneerinthefightagainstplasticpollution.Recognisingthedetrimentalimpactofplasticwasteonlocalcommunitiesandecosystems，Ceesayfoundedthe“Women’sInitiativeGambia”.Throughcreativerecyclinginitiatives，sheempowerswomentorepurposeplasticwaste，promotingeconomicindependencewithincommunities.Ma

Jun

MaJunbeganhiscareerasaninvestigativejournalist，buthasquicklyrisentobecomeanoutstandingChineseenvironmentalist，knownforhispioneeringworkinwaterpollutioncontrol.AsthefounderoftheInstituteofPublicandEnvironmentalAffairs(IPE)，MaJundevelopedtheChinaWaterPollutionMap，aninteractiveonlinetoolthattrackswaterqualitydataandexposespollutionsourcesacrossthecountry.1.Whatgroupofpeoplesis“Friday’sforFuture”for？A.Women. B.Thegrassroots.C.Youngstudents. D.Poorfarmers.√1.細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)GretaThunberg部分中的“Throughher‘FridaysforFuture’initiative，Gretaencouragesstudentsworldwidetoadvocateforclimateaction…”可知，F(xiàn)ridaysforFuture是為年輕的學(xué)生們而發(fā)起的。故選C項(xiàng)。2.WhatdoesGreenBeltMovementdealwith？A.Preservingtrees.B.Communitycooperation.C.Plasticpollution.D.Addressingclimatechange.

√2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WangariMaathai部分中的“throughherpioneeringGreenBeltMovement…tofightagainstdeforestationthroughtreeplanting.”可知，GreenBeltMovement主要處理保護(hù)樹木的問題。故選A項(xiàng)。3.Whocaresaboutthecleanlinessofwater？A.GretaThunberg. B.WangariMaathai.C.IsatouCeesay. D.MaJun.√3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MaJun部分中的“MaJundeveloped…onlinetoolthattrackswaterqualitydataandexposespollutionsourcesacrossthecountry.”可知，MaJun關(guān)心水的清潔程度。故選D項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮俊菊Z篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了一些無名英雄，他們以獨(dú)特的視角和方法應(yīng)對環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的全球挑戰(zhàn)。B

(2024—2025學(xué)年河南省金科大聯(lián)考高三上學(xué)期11月質(zhì)量檢測)Whileotherartistsmightusewatercoloursoroilpaints，MbongeniButheleziuseswasteplasticstocreateportraits(肖像)athisstudioinBooysens，Johannesburg.Hismediumistheplasticlitterhecollectsfromlocalrubbishgroundandcitystreets.

Anartistandactivist，Buthelezi，56，firstfoundhistalentforthecreativeasaboyinruralKwaZulu-Natal，SouthAfrica.Hesculptedclayfigurines(小雕像)oftheanimalsaroundhisvillage：cows，horsesandgoats.Heexplainedthatplasticlitterwassocommoninhishometownthatitbecameanunwelcomepartofthecows’regulardiet.“Wewouldseethesecowsdiebecausetheyhadeatenplastics，”Buthelezisaid.

Withplasticwastegrowingaroundtheworld，Butheleziisusinghisworktobothhighlightanddealwiththeissue.Buthelezi’suseofwastewasn’talwaysindefenseoftheenvironment；hefirstbeganusingplasticlitterforhisartbecausehecouldn’taffordmoretraditionalmediums.At22，hestudiedatacommunityartsschool.Hetookwithhimjusttwoblankets，verylittlemoney，andalotofoptimism.Therehelivedinasmallroomandworkedoddjobsbetweenclassestoaffordrentandfood.Hehadnomoneyformaterials.“Theschoolintroducedustothingslikecollage-usingoldmagazinestocreateanartworkifyoudon’thavemoneyforpaints，”saidButhelezi.“Withoutthosefancytraditionalwaysofmakingart，weexpandedourwayoflookingatartandlife.”

Hebegancollectingplastictrashto“paint”withinsteadofexpensiveoilpaints.Hedevelopedatechniqueofusinganelectricheatgunthatproducedhotairtomelttheplasticandthenapplyittoarecycledcanvas(畫布).Thisismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Bythe1990s，Butheleziwasaprofessionalartist，andhewasdeterminedtouseinnovationinartforthegoodoftheplanet.4.WhatdidButheleziwitnessinhishometownthatinfluencedhislaterwork？A.Thebeautyofnature.B.Thepopularityoftraditionalart.C.Thelargeamountofclayforsculpting.D.Thewidespreadoccurrenceofplasticlitter.√4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Heexplainedthatplasticlitterwassocommon…regulardiet(他解釋說，塑料垃圾在他的家鄉(xiāng)非常普遍，以至于成為奶牛日常飲食中不受歡迎的一部分).”和第四段中的“Withplasticwastegrowingaroundtheworld，Butheleziisusinghiswork…theissue(隨著塑料垃圾在世界各地的增長，Buthelezi正在利用他的工作來強(qiáng)調(diào)和解決這個(gè)問題).”可知，Buthelezi在家鄉(xiāng)看到塑料垃圾的普遍存在影響了他后來的作品。故選D項(xiàng)。5.WhydidButheleziinitiallyusewasteplasticsinhisartwork？A.Hehopedtostandoutintheartcommunity.B.Hewantedtosupportenvironmentalprotection.C.Heexpectedtorealisehisdreamtobecomeanactivist.D.Helackedmoneytobuytraditionalmediums.√5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“hefirstbeganusingplasticlitterforhisartbecausehecouldn’taffordmoretraditionalmediums”可知，Buthelezi最初使用廢棄塑料進(jìn)行藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作是因?yàn)樗I不起傳統(tǒng)的藝術(shù)材料。故選D項(xiàng)。6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeButhelezi？A.Kindandbrave.B.Optimisticandtalented.C.Humorousandsincere.D.Successfulandambitious.√6.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“He…verylittlemoney，andalotofoptimism.”可知，他是樂觀的；再根據(jù)最后一段中的“Hedevelopedatechnique…applyittoarecycledcanvas(畫布).”可知，他發(fā)明了一種技術(shù)，使用電熱槍產(chǎn)生熱空氣來融化塑料，然后將其涂在回收的畫布上，所以他是有才能的。故選B項(xiàng)。7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext？A.MbongeniButheleziisafamousartist.B.Plasticwasteaffectstheenvironment.C.TheSouthAfricanartistturnsplasticintoportraits.D.ArtistsfacechallengesinSouthAfrica.√7.主旨大意題。通讀全文內(nèi)容，尤其第一段中的“MbongeniButheleziuseswasteplasticstocreateportraits(肖像)”可知，本文主要講述了南非藝術(shù)家MbongeniButhelezi用垃圾塑料制作肖像畫的故事。故選C項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?/p>

【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了南非藝術(shù)家

Mbongeni

Buthelezi用垃圾塑料制作肖像畫的故事。這既展示了他的藝術(shù)才華，也強(qiáng)調(diào)了塑料的污染問題。C

(2024—2025學(xué)年廣州華師附中高三上學(xué)期綜合測試二)Whenitcomestobalancingtheneedsofhumansandtheneedsofnature，historicallyitwas“developorconserve”or“developorrestore”.However，nowconservationmethodsareincreasinglyfocusingoncoexistencewithnatureandecologicalresilience(恢復(fù)力).Thetraditionalmodelincoastalprotectionisthatyoubuildsomekindofhard，fixedstructureslikeaseawall，butconventionalseawallscanhavenegativeeffectsonbiodiversity，habitats，nutrientcyclingandtheenvironmentatlarge.“Inthiscase，coastalprotectionandbiodiversityarereallyatodds，”saysCarterSmith，whoresearchescoastalrestoration.That’swherelivingshorelinescomein.Livingshorelinesincorporateplantsandnaturalmaterialslikesandandrocktostabilisecoastalareasandprotectthemfromstormswhilealsocreatingmorenaturalhabitatsandminimizingenvironmentaldestruction.Smithandhiscolleaguesstudiedhowlivingshorelinesperformedduringmultiplehurricanesandfoundthatlivingshorelineshadsignificantlyless“visibledamageorerosion”comparedtositeswithconventionalstormprotectioninfrastructure.

Inadditiontolivingshorelines，predators(捕食者)alsoplayimportantrolesinrestoringoceanecosystems.“OneofthebestexampleswehaveoftoppredatorsfacilitatingecosystemsaretigersharksinAustralia，”saysProf.BrianSilliman，oneofSmith’scolleagues.Whenthesharksarearound，seaturtleseatfewerseaplants.“It’snotbecausethesharkseatalotofseaturtlesbutbecausetheyscarethemtowardtheshoreline.”

Whenphysicalstressorslikeclimatechangereachacertainpointinagivenecosystem，wildlifecanrapidlydecline.Butwildlifethatisadjustedtocoexistingwithatoppredatormayhaveahigherstressthreshold(閾值).Inourever-changingworld，theabilitytoadaptisasimportantasever.“Ithinkthere’sgreatoptimismandopportunityhere，”Sillimansays.“Thereissomuchthatwecanlearnfromnature，andthemorewecanlearntocoexistandtointegrateoursocietywiththrivingecosystems，thebetteritwillbeforeveryone，”Smithagrees.8.WhatisimpliedinParagraph1？A.Thebalancebetweenhumansandnature.B.Theimprovementinecologicalresilience.C.Apromisingconsequenceofnaturerestoration.D.Ashiftintheenvironmentalprotectionstrategy.√8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“historicallyitwas‘developorconserve’or‘developorrestore’.However，nowconservationmethods…ecologicalresilience(恢復(fù)力).”可知，(人們)在過去談及的是“發(fā)展還是保護(hù)”或者“發(fā)展還是修復(fù)”的問題，但現(xiàn)在的保護(hù)方法越來越注重與自然共存和生態(tài)恢復(fù)力。由此推知，第一段暗示了環(huán)境保護(hù)策略的轉(zhuǎn)變。故選D項(xiàng)。9.What’sthepurposeofParagraph2？A.TopresentSmith’sresearchachievements.B.Todemonstratethesignificanceofshorelines.C.Toexplainthefunctionofconventionalseawalls.D.Toshowtheproblemofold-fashionedprotection.√9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“butconventionalseawallscanhavenegativeeffectson…atlarge(但是傳統(tǒng)的海堤會對生物多樣性、棲息地、營養(yǎng)循環(huán)和整個(gè)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響).”和CarterSmith所說的“Inthiscase，coastalprotectionandbiodiversityarereallyatodds(在這種情況下，海岸保護(hù)和生物多樣性確實(shí)是沖突的)”可推知，第二段的目的是展示傳統(tǒng)保護(hù)的問題。故選D項(xiàng)。10.Howdotigersharkshelprestoretheoceanecosystem？A.Byregulatingseaturtles’behaviour.B.Byinfluencingseaturtles’population.C.Byremovingseaplantsfromtheirhabitat.D.Bypreventingphysicalstressorsoccurring.√10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Oneofthebestexamples…becausetheyscarethemtowardtheshoreline.”可知，虎鯊的出現(xiàn)控制了海龜?shù)男袨椋顾鼈兂愿俚暮Ｑ笾参?，從而對海洋生態(tài)的保護(hù)有益。故