陜西省渭南市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省渭南市2025屆高三下學(xué)期二模聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIn2018wecreatedtheStudentPodcastChallenge,anopportunityforstudentsallaroundtheUStorecordtheirstoriesandsharethemwithus.Thisyear’scontestwillopenonthe6thofnextmonthandcloseonMay2nd.Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.Isityourfirsttimeenteringourcontest?Don’tfret!We’reheretohelp.ThebasicsStudentscanmakeapodcastaboutanytopicthey’reinterestedin,aslongastheykeepitbetweenthreetoeightminutes.Theentriesshouldbepurelyoriginalworkbystudents.Pleasekeepitclean!Nooffensivelanguagewillbeallowed.Andstudentsdoneedtoworkwithanadulttofilloutthesubmissionformtoenterthecontest.WheretogetstartedChoosingagoodstoryisjustasimportantasyouraudioproductionoreditingskills.Forexample,afavoriteentryfromlastyearwasapersonalstory,reportingonayoungperson’sexperiencelearningtoreadwithdyslexia(閱讀障礙)anddiscussionsoneverydaytopicslikeschoollunchandteenfashion.Again,youcanchooseanytopicyouwishtoexplore.TheselectionOurjudgeswillselectamiddleschoolandhighschoolgrandprizewinner.Thegrandprizeincludesacertificate,atrophy,andaninterviewfromNPR.Forfourthgraders—anewcategorywecreatedlastyear—we’llselectthebestentriesandairsomeorallofthosepodcastsonNPRprograms.Inpreviousyears,ourwinnersalsoreceivedadditionalrecognitionfromtheirschools,andmanywereinterviewedbylocalmedia.ResourcesBeforeyouhittherecordbutton,checkoutourpodcastingresources.Wecovereverythingfromhowtotellagoodstory,howtosoundlikeyourselfonamicrophonetohowtousemusicinyourpodcast.Formoretipsandthelatestupdatesonthisyear’scontest,don’thesitatetoreachouttousatstudentpodcastchallenge@.Students,wecan’twaittohearyourstories.Goodluck!1.Whoarethetargetparticipants?A.NPR’sstaff. B.StudentsaroundtheUS.C.Podcastlovers. D.TheUSstudentsingrades4to12.2.Whatcoulddisqualifyapodcastentry?A.Lackingbackgroundmusic. B.Exceedingthetimelimit.C.Choosingapersonaltopic. D.Usingproperlanguage.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anannouncementpost. B.Aschoolnewsletter.C.Ajobadvertisement. D.Asubscriptionplan.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了播客比賽的要求以及報名方式等信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.(它將再次向4年級到12年級的學(xué)生開放)”可知，4到12年級的美國學(xué)生是目標(biāo)參與者。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Studentscanmakeapodcastaboutanytopicthey’reinterestedin,aslongastheykeepitbetweenthreetoeightminutes.(學(xué)生們可以就任何他們感興趣的話題制作播客，只要這些播客保持在3到8分鐘之間)”可知，超過時間限制會取消播客的參賽資格。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“In2018wecreatedtheStudentPodcastChallenge,anopportunityforstudentsallaroundtheUStorecordtheirstoriesandsharethemwithus.Thisyear’scontestwillopenonthe6thofnextmonthandcloseonMay2nd.Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.Isityourfirsttimeenteringourcontest?Don’tfret!We’reheretohelp.(2018年，我們創(chuàng)建了學(xué)生播客挑戰(zhàn)賽，讓美國各地的學(xué)生有機會記錄他們的故事并與我們分享。今年的比賽將于下月6日開始，5月2日結(jié)束。它將再次向4年級到12年級的學(xué)生開放。這是你第一次參加我們的比賽嗎？不要煩惱!我們是來幫忙的)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了播客比賽的要求以及報名方式等信息?？芍恼率且粍t公告。故選A。BChinesesarchitecturehaslongbeenthoughttoputstyleabovefunction.AseriesofquietbutremarkablebuildingsinChengdu,SichuanProvince,haveslowlychangedthatimpression.BehindthemisChinesearchitectLiuJiakun,thewinnerofthe2025PritzkerArchitecturePrize.HeisthesecondarchitectfromChinatoreceivethishighesthonorfortheprofession,followingWangShuin2012.Since1999,LiuhasbeenworkingintheYulinarea,oneofChengdu’smostnativeandlivelyneighborhoods.Inhissparetime,thearchitectoftengoesgroceryshoppingoreatsnoodlesatatinyrestaurantnearhisoffice.TheseexperienceshavegivenLiuanunderstandingofwhatthelocalstrulyneedintermsofarchitecture.Forexample,inspiredbyChengdu’sbasingeographicalfeature,hisWestVillage(西村大院)projectisafive-storybuildingsurroundedbyelevatedrunningtracks.Thebuildingprovideslarge,mixed-usespacesforresidentsnearby.Ithasalsobecomealifestylelandmark,attractingsocialmediausers.Liu’spassionforregionalculturesisnotlimitedtoChengdu,andheapplieshisdesignprinciplestovariousprojects.TheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrick(蘇州御窯金磚博物館)isLiu’sprojectinJiangsuProvince.Toprotectthelocalimperialkilnheritage,thearchitectmadechangesassmallaspossibletotheoriginalruins.Likemanyofhisworks,themuseumseemshumbleatfirstsight.Butwhenyoulookcloselyatitsmainstructure,you’llnoticeanaesthetic(美學(xué)的)combinationofkilnandpalacearchitecturalfeatures.Thedesignshowsadeeprespectforboththeenvironmentandlocalculture.Liu,inadditiontobeinganarchitect,alsowrotenovels.Bytheendofthelastcentury,hehadpublishedseveralofthem.Histalentandpassionforliteraturehaveinspiredhimtoexplorearchitecturalpracticesthatusebooksasatooltoadvanceruralrevitalization(鄉(xiāng)村振興).AvillagebookstoredesignedbyLiuinQujing,YunnanProvince,issettoopeninMay.Covering800squaremeters,thebookstoretapsintothepotentialofculturalspacesinruralsettings.Liu’srespectforthelocalenvironmentandpeopleissharedbymanyChinesearchitects.China’srichanddiverseregionalcultureshaveprovidedthemwiththefoundationtocarvetheirownpaths.4.HowisLiu’sapproachtowardarchitecturedifferentfromtraditionalviews?A.Hefocusesontraditionalaesthetics. B.Heprioritizesfunctionoverdesign.C.Hebalancesbothdesignandfunction. D.Hedrawsinspirationfromwesterndesign.5.WhathelpsLiuunderstandthelocals’architectureneeds?A.Experiencinglocallife. B.Observingforeigndesigns.C.StudyingChengdu’shistory. D.Interviewingfamousarchitects.6.WhyistheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrickmentionedinthetext?A.TocompareitwithLiu’sprojectinChengdu.B.ToemphasizeLiu’sinternationalinfluence.C.TohighlightLiu’sculturalpreservationfocus.D.ToshowcaseLiu’sapplicationofnewmaterials.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiu?A.Talentedandgenerous. B.Reliableandindustrious.C.Humbleandconservative. D.Visionaryandresponsible.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了中國建筑師劉家琨的建筑設(shè)計理念與實踐?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Chinesesarchitecturehaslongbeenthoughttoputstyleabovefunction.AseriesofquietbutremarkablebuildingsinChengdu,SichuanProvince,haveslowlychangedthatimpression.BehindthemisChinesearchitectLiuJiakun,thewinnerofthe2025PritzkerArchitecturePrize.(長久以來，人們一直認(rèn)為中國建筑重風(fēng)格而輕功能。然而，四川省成都市的一系列雖不張揚卻令人矚目的建筑，正逐漸改變這一印象。這些建筑背后的設(shè)計師是中國建筑師劉家琨，他榮獲了2025年普利茲克建筑獎)”以及第二段的“Thebuildingprovideslarge,mixed-usespacesforresidentsnearby.Ithasalsobecomealifestylelandmark,attractingsocialmediausers.(這座建筑為附近的居民提供了寬敞的、多功能的使用空間。它還成為了一個生活方式的地標(biāo)，吸引了眾多社交媒體用戶)”可知，長期以來，中國建筑一直被認(rèn)為風(fēng)格重于功能，而劉家琨設(shè)計的一系列建筑慢慢改變了這種印象，由此可推知，他的建筑方法不同于傳統(tǒng)觀點，他平衡了設(shè)計和功能。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Inhissparetime,thearchitectoftengoesgroceryshoppingoreatsnoodlesatatinyrestaurantnearhisoffice.TheseexperienceshavegivenLiuanunderstandingofwhatthelocalstrulyneedintermsofarchitecture.(在閑暇時間，這位建筑師經(jīng)常去采購食品雜貨，或者在辦公室附近的小餐館里吃面條。這些經(jīng)歷讓劉家琨了解到當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽诮ㄖ矫娴恼嬲枨?”可知，劉家琨在成都玉林地區(qū)工作，業(yè)余時間體驗當(dāng)?shù)厣睿@些經(jīng)歷讓他了解當(dāng)?shù)厝嗽诮ㄖ矫娴恼嬲枨?。故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Toprotectthelocalimperialkilnheritage,thearchitectmadechangesassmallaspossibletotheoriginalruins.Likemanyofhisworks,themuseumseemshumbleatfirstsight.Butwhenyoulookcloselyatitsmainstructure,you’llnoticeanaesthetic(美學(xué)的)combinationofkilnandpalacearchitecturalfeatures.Thedesignshowsadeeprespectforboththeenvironmentandlocalculture.(為了保護當(dāng)?shù)氐挠G遺產(chǎn)，這位建筑師對原始遺跡盡可能少地進行改動。和他的許多作品一樣，這座博物館乍一看顯得質(zhì)樸無華。但當(dāng)你仔細(xì)觀察它的主體結(jié)構(gòu)時，你會注意到它在美學(xué)上融合了窯和宮殿的建筑特色。這種設(shè)計體現(xiàn)了對環(huán)境和當(dāng)?shù)匚幕纳钋凶鹬?”可知，提到蘇州御窯金磚博物館是為了說明劉家琨在設(shè)計中為了保護當(dāng)?shù)赜G遺產(chǎn)，盡量少地對原始遺址做改變，體現(xiàn)了他對當(dāng)?shù)匚幕谋Ｗo和尊重。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，劉家琨作為建筑師，不僅關(guān)注建筑的功能性，還深入挖掘地域文化，并將其融入設(shè)計中，展現(xiàn)出他的遠(yuǎn)見卓識；同時，他對當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境和文化的尊重，以及通過建筑推動鄉(xiāng)村振興的實踐，體現(xiàn)了他強烈的責(zé)任感，所以劉家琨是有遠(yuǎn)見和負(fù)責(zé)任的。故選D。CAtfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(樹皮),thewoodisfulloflife.Uponitsdeath,thetree’stightlysealedtubesystem,previouslyusedtotransportnutrientsandwater,becomesemptyandallowssomecreaturestopassthrough,accordingtoMatteoGarbelotto,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Theseemptytrunks,stillstandingupright,arealsocalledsnagsorwildlifetrees.Becauseoftheirverticality,theycanhostahighdiversityofspeciesthatvariesfromtoptobottom.Fallentrees,oftencalledlogs,arealsovaluablehabitats,thoughforsmallerspecies,Garbelottosays.Bothtypesattractallsortsoflife,startingwithfungi(真菌).Fungidomuchofthehardworkofspeedingupthedecompositionprocess,softeningthehardtrunkintosomethingwithmanysmallholes.Thisallowsinawholehostofspeciesseekingfoodandshelter:beetlesgetintolayegg,amphibiansnestleunderthebark,andbirdsfeedingoninsectsbuildnestswithinthetrunkitself.Thecollectionofwildlifechangesoverthecourseofthetree’sdecay(腐爛),witheachnewspeciescontributingtoandprofitingfromtheprocess.Logsgenerallyincreaseopportunitiesforinsects,amphibians,andreptilesandmakeagoodcombinationwithsnags,Garbelottosays.Whilesomespecieslikebarkbeetlesandwoodpeckersstronglypreferdeadorrottingwoodfornesting,others,includingwood-decayingfungi,canonlysurviveindeadwood.Andit’snotjusttheanimalsthatbenefitfromdecayingtrees.Theyprovidenaturalprotectionandsupportforyoungseedlingstogrow.Astreesdecompose,carbonandnitrogenstoresareslowlyreabsorbedintothesoil,acriticalstepinnutrientrecycling,bothforyoungtreesandforthelargerecosystem.Fromaclimateperspective,lettingtreesrotiscritical.Largetreesinparticularactassignificantcarbonsinks,whichcanabsorbthecarbondioxidefromburningfossilfuels,andallowingthemtodecomposenaturallyreducestheamountofcarbondioxide—and,thus,heat—intheatmosphere.Wheneverpossible,forestryexpertsprefertoleavedeadtreesuntouched.8.Whatisthemainfunctionofdeadtreesaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyblockthegrowthofyoungseedlings.B.Theyprovidefoodandshelterforlargeanimals.C.Theysupportspeciesandmaintainbiodiversity.D.Theyhavelittleecologicalimpactwhendecaying.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verticality”mostlikelymean?A.Theageofatree. B.Theheightofatree.C.Theemptystructureofatree. D.Theuprightpositionofatree.10.Whichofthefollowingaboutfungiistrue?A.Theypreferwildlifetreestofallenlogs. B.Theyprovidenestingspacesforinsects.C.Theysealthetubesystemofdeadtrees. D.Theyacceleratethebreakdownofdeadtrees.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheAfterlifeofaDeadTree. B.TheSilentPowerofNature.C.TheQuiteDecayofFallenLeaves. D.TheBattleAgainstaTree’sDecay.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了枯樹死后支持物種和維持生物多樣性，介紹了枯樹中存在的生命形式?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Atfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(樹皮),thewoodisfulloflife.Uponitsdeath,thetree’stightlysealedtubesystem,previouslyusedtotransportnutrientsandwater,becomesemptyandallowssomecreaturestopassthrough,accordingtoMatteoGarbelotto,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.(乍一看，一棵死樹可能只是看起來像一個沒有生命的，倒下的原木。但仔細(xì)看，在腐爛的樹皮下，木頭充滿了生命。加州大學(xué)伯克利分校的MatteoGarbelotto教授說，在樹死后，以前用于運輸營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和水的緊密密封的管道系統(tǒng)變得空了，允許一些生物通過)”可知，枯樹的主要功能是支持物種和維持生物多樣性。故選C。【9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Theseemptytrunks,stillstandingupright,arealsocalledsnagsorwildlifetrees.(這些仍然直立的空樹干也被稱為荊棘樹或野生樹)”以及后文“theycanhostahighdiversityofspeciesthatvariesfromtoptobottom(它們可以容納從上到下變化的高度多樣性的物種)”可知，枯樹可以容納從上到下變化的高度多樣性的物種，這是因為它們處于直立位置。故劃線詞意思是“樹的直立位置”。故選D。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Fungidomuchofthehardworkofspeedingupthedecompositionprocess,softeningthehardtrunkintosomethingwithmanysmallholes.

(真菌在加速分解過程中做了很多艱苦的工作，把堅硬的樹干軟化成有許多小孔的東西)”可知，真菌加速了枯樹的分解。故選D。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Atfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(樹皮),thewoodisfulloflife.(乍一看，一棵死樹可能只是看起來像一個沒有生命的，倒下的原木。但仔細(xì)看，在腐爛的樹皮下，木頭充滿了生命)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了枯樹可以支持物種和維持生物多樣性，介紹了枯樹中存在的生命形式可知，A選項“死樹的來世”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選A。DRecently,Earthgrabbeditselfasecondmoonintheformofanewlydiscoveredasteroid(小行星)named2024PT5.Unlikethemoon,Earth’sprimarycompanionwhichhasaccompaniedourplanetforaround4.5billionyears,this“newmini-moon”willstickaroundforjusttwomonthsbeforeitheadsbacktoitshomeinanasteroidbeltfollowingourplanetandorbitingthesun.Ateamofscientistsspotted2024PT5astheyroutinelymonitorednewlydiscoveredobjectsaroundEarth.“TheasteroidpayingusavisitbelongstotheArjunaasteroidbelt,asecondaryasteroidbeltmadeofspacerocksthatfollowtheorbitverysimilartothatofEarthatanaveragedistancetothesunofabout150millionkilometers,”saidresearchleadauthorCarlosdelaFuenteMarcos.MarcosexplainedthatsomeoftheseasteroidsintheArjunaasteroidbeltcanapproachEarthatacloserangeofaround4.5millionkilometersandatlowspeedsofaround3,540kilometersperhour.“Undertheseconditions,oneoftheseasteroidsmaybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandbecomeatemporarymoonofEarth.Theasteroid2024PT5willundergothisprocessforabouttwomonths,”Marcosadded.“ItwillnotfollowafullorbitaroundEarth.”Mini-mooneventscomeintwoflavors.Thefirstisaboutlongepisodesduringwhichtheasteroidcompletesoneormorerevolutionsaboutourplanet,withthesegravitationalengagements(引力作用)lastingoneormoreyears.Thesecondtypeofepisodesisshortengagementsinwhichthesmallbodydoesnotcompleteonefullrevolution.Thesetemporarycapturescanlastjustdays,weeksorevenafewmonths.Shortmini-mooneventsarerelativelyfrequent,withseveraleventshappeningperdecade.Longmini-moonevents,ontheotherhand,arerarewithEarthexperiencingonearoundeverytenortwentyyears.Unfortunately,duringitsoccupationaroundEarth,2024PT5won’tbevisibletothevastmajorityofskywatchers.“Theasteroidistoosmallanddarkfortypicalamateurtelescopes.However,itiswellwithinthebrightnessrangeoftypicaltelescopesbyprofessionalastronomers,”Marcossaid.12.Howlongwilltheasteroid2024PT5staynearEarth?A.Overadecade. B.Abouttwomonths.C.Lessthanaweek. D.Around4.5billionyears.13.Whatmakes2024PT5a“minimoon”ratherthanatruemoon?A.ItlacksastableorbitaroundEarth. B.Itissmallerthanotherasteroids.C.ItmovesfasterthanEarth’smoon. D.Itreflectstoolittlelighttobeseen.14.Whatwritingtechniqueisusedtoexplainmini-moonevents?A.Definition. B.Classification. C.Comparison. D.Illustration.15.WhatcanweinferfromMarcos’wordsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theasteroid2024PT5isunusuallybright.B.Skywatchersshouldpurchaseadvancedtelescopes.C.Professionalknowledgeisneededforasteroidobservation.D.Amateurtelescopesarenotpowerfultoobserve2024PT5.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了新發(fā)現(xiàn)的小行星2024PT5將在地球附近停留大約兩個月，對這顆小行星的情況進行了說明?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Unlikethemoon,Earth’sprimarycompanionwhichhasaccompaniedourplanetforaround4.5billionyears,this“newmini-moon”willstickaroundforjusttwomonthsbeforeitheadsbacktoitshomeinanasteroidbeltfollowingourplanetandorbitingthesun.(月球是地球的主要伴星，已經(jīng)陪伴地球大約45億年了。與月球不同的是，這顆“新的迷你衛(wèi)星”將在地球上停留兩個月，然后就會回到它位于小行星帶的家，它跟著地球繞太陽運行。)”可知，2024PT5小行星將在地球附近停留大約兩個月。故選B。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theasteroid2024PT5willundergothisprocessforabouttwomonths,”Marcosadded.“ItwillnotfollowafullorbitaroundEarth.”(小行星2024PT5將經(jīng)歷這一過程大約兩個月，”馬科斯補充道?！八粫刂h(huán)繞地球的完整軌道運行?！?”可知，2024PT5是“迷你月球”而不是真正的月球因為它沒有一個穩(wěn)定的繞地球軌道。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Mini-mooneventscomeintwoflavors.Thefirstisaboutlongepisodesduringwhichtheasteroidcompletesoneormorerevolutionsaboutourplanet,withthesegravitationalengagements(引力作用)lastingoneormoreyears.Thesecondtypeofepisodesisshortengagementsinwhichthesmallbodydoesnotcompleteonefullrevolution.Thesetemporarycapturescanlastjustdays,weeksorevenafewmonths.Shortmini-mooneventsarerelativelyfrequent,withseveraleventshappeningperdecade.Longmini-moonevents,ontheotherhand,arerarewithEarthexperiencingonearoundeverytenortwentyyears.(迷你月亮活動有兩種形式。第一種是關(guān)于小行星繞地球一周或多次的長時間事件，這些引力作用持續(xù)一年或更長時間。第二種類型的情節(jié)是短暫的交戰(zhàn)，其中小身體沒有完成一次完整的旋轉(zhuǎn)。這些臨時捕獲可能只持續(xù)幾天、幾周甚至幾個月。短暫的小月亮事件相對頻繁，每十年發(fā)生幾次。另一方面，地球每十年或二十年就會經(jīng)歷一次長時間的小月亮事件，這是罕見的。)”可知，通過分類法來解釋小月亮事件。故選B。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theasteroidistoosmallanddarkfortypicalamateurtelescopes.However,itiswellwithinthebrightnessrangeoftypicaltelescopesbyprofessionalastronomers(對于典型的業(yè)余望遠(yuǎn)鏡來說，這顆小行星太小、太暗了。然而，它完全在專業(yè)天文學(xué)家使用的典型望遠(yuǎn)鏡的亮度范圍內(nèi))”可知，業(yè)余望遠(yuǎn)鏡不夠強大，無法觀測2024PT5。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Almosteveryoneprocrastinates(拖延).Whetherit’savoidinganassignment,delayinghousechores,orputtingoffavisittothedentist,we’veallbeenthere.Thetasksyouavoidaren’talwayshardortime-consuming,buttheymaytriggerdiscomfort,leadingtostressandguilt.____16____Beginwithbite-sizedtasks.Oneofthebiggestreasonsweprocrastinateisthattasksseemtoobigoroverwhelming.____17____Whenyoubreakataskintosmallersteps,itbecomesmuchmoremanageable.Forexample,ifyou’reavoidingcleaningyourroom,don’taimtofinishitinoneday.Instead,focusonsortingjustonecornerororganizingasingleshelf.____18____Weoftenprocrastinateonthetaskswefindmostunpleasant.Whetherit’sanawkwardconversationyouneedtohaveoraparticularlytoughassignment,puttingoffthesetasksonlyincreasesanxiety.However,ifyoudothemfirstinthemorning,you’llfreeupmentalspacetohandletherestofyourdaymoresmoothly.Userewardstostaymotivated.____19____Onewaytoencourageyourselftotackleuncomfortabletasksisbyusingrewards.Pairanunpleasanttaskwithadesirableactivity,orpromiseyourselfatreatoncethetaskisdone.Thismethodtransformsthetaskintoasteppingstonetosomethingyouenjoy.Applythetwo-minuterule.Thetwo-minuterulesuggeststhatifataskcanbedoneintwominutesorless,doitimmediately.____20____Forexample,ifyouneedtosendaquickemail,respondtoatext,orwashafewdishes,handleitimmediately.Thesesmallactionsmightseeminsignificant,buttheycanclearyourmentalburdenandcreatemomentum(動力)towardslargertasks.A.Cutdownondecisions.B.Tackleyourtoughesttaskfirst.C.Ithelpsstopsmalltasksfrompilingup.D.Sometimes,weneedalittleexternalpush.E.Thetrickistobeginwithsomethingsimple.F.Belowaresomestrategiestohelpyouconquerprocrastination.G.Itencouragesyoutotakeactionwhenyou’re70percentready.【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.D20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了克服拖延的幾種有效策略?！?6題詳析】上文“Thetasksyouavoidaren’talwayshardortime-consuming,buttheymaytriggerdiscomfort,leadingtostressandguilt.(你避免的任務(wù)并不總是困難或耗時的，但它們可能會引發(fā)不適，導(dǎo)致壓力和內(nèi)疚)”說明拖延會帶來的問題?？仗幒颓拔臑轫樈雨P(guān)系，引出下文介紹克服拖延的方法。所以F項“以下是一些幫助你克服拖延的策略?！狈险Z境。故選F?！?7題詳析】上文“Oneofthebiggestreasonsweprocrastinateisthattasksseemtoobigoroverwhelming.(我們拖延的最大原因之一是任務(wù)看起來太大或太艱巨)”說明任務(wù)太大或太艱巨會導(dǎo)致拖延。下文“Whenyoubreakataskintosmallersteps,itbecomesmuchmoremanageable.(當(dāng)你把一項任務(wù)分解成更小的步驟時，它就會變得更容易管理)”說明把任務(wù)分解成小步驟可以克服拖延。空處承上啟下，說明克服拖延的技巧是從簡單的事情開始。所以E項“訣竅是從簡單的事情開始。”符合語境，該項中的“beginwithsomethingsimple”和下文中的“breakataskintosmallersteps”相呼應(yīng)。故選E?！?8題詳析】下文“Weoftenprocrastinateonthetaskswefindmostunpleasant.Whetherit’sanawkwardconversationyouneedtohaveoraparticularlytoughassignment,puttingoffthesetasksonlyincreasesanxiety.However,ifyoudothemfirstinthemorning,you’llfreeupmentalspacetohandletherestofyourdaymoresmoothly.(我們經(jīng)常拖延那些我們覺得最不愉快的任務(wù)。無論是你需要進行的一次尷尬的談話，還是一項特別艱巨的任務(wù)，推遲這些任務(wù)只會增加焦慮。然而，如果你早上先把它們做完，你就會騰出心理空間，讓一天的其余時間更順利地進行)”說明要先處理最艱巨的任務(wù)。空處為段落主題句，概括本段內(nèi)容。所以B項“先處理最艱巨的任務(wù)?！狈险Z境。故選B?！?9題詳析】上文“Userewardstostaymotivated.(用獎勵來保持動力)”說明要用獎勵來激勵自己。下文“Onewaytoencourageyourselftotackleuncomfortabletasksisbyusingrewards.(鼓勵自己處理不舒服的任務(wù)的一種方法是使用獎勵)”說明需要激勵來處理不舒服的任務(wù)?？仗幊猩蠁⑾?，解釋為什么需要獎勵，即有時候我們需要一點外部的推動。所以D項“有時候，我們需要一點外部推動?！狈险Z境，該項中的“alittleexternalpush”和下文中的“byusingrewards”相呼應(yīng)。故選D。【20題詳析】上文“Thetwo-minuterulesuggeststhatifataskcanbedoneintwominutesorless,doitimmediately.(兩分鐘規(guī)則建議，如果一項任務(wù)可以在兩分鐘或更短的時間內(nèi)完成，那就立即去做)”說明兩分鐘規(guī)則的內(nèi)容?？仗幒颓拔臑橐蚬P(guān)系，闡述這樣做的好處是能阻止小任務(wù)堆積。所以C項“它有助于阻止小任務(wù)堆積起來”符合語境，該項中的It指代前文中的“Thetwo-minuterule”。后文“Forexample,ifyouneedtosendaquickemail,respondtoatext,orwashafewdishes,handleitimmediately.(例如，如果你需要快速發(fā)送一封電子郵件、回復(fù)一條短信，或者洗幾個盤子，那就立即去處理)”舉例說明了可以立即處理的小任務(wù)。故選C。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。Twoyearsago,SusieGriffin,theownerofDunwoodyHairSalonintheMt.VernonShoppingCenter,cametoworkearlyonemorningtofindahomelessman____21____onabenchneartheentrancetoherbusiness.Insteadof____22____himaway,shetookaninterestinhim.ShelearnedhisnameisKen.WhilenotfullycomprehendingKen’s____23____,butlearningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily,Griffindecidedtohelphim.Itwas____24____thathesufferedfromavarietyofmentalissues,butGriffindecidedtohelp.Shebroughthimclothesandfood____25____.Hewasn’talwaysnearthe____26____,buthewasaroundenoughthatitbecamea____27____forhertoprovidehimwithameal,snacks,orwater.Soonherclientsandfriends____28____helpinghim.Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag;when____29____weatherwaspredicted,theybroughthimaraincoatandumbrella.Itsoonbecameacommunityof____30____.Once,whenhehadbeen____31____forseveralweeks,GriffindrovearoundAtlanta,finally____32____himonastreetcornerinDecatur.“Hesaidhejustdecidedtowalkthere,”shesaid.Ken____33____toDunwoodyandthecommunityoutreachcontinueduntilamonthago,whenhewashitbyacarwhilecrossingDunwoodyVillageParkway.He____34____significantheadinjuries.Griffinandhercommunitysaidtheyare____35____tohelpingKen.“Ican’tdoalottohelppeople,butIcanhelpKen,”shesaid.21.A.playing B.drawing C.singing D.sleeping22.A.driving B.taking C.sending D.pushing23.A.family B.history C.preference D.hobby24.A.awful B.strange C.obvious D.abnormal25.A.regularly B.clumsily C.deliberately D.casually26.A.park B.mall C.square D.shop27.A.burden B.recreation C.privilege D.habit28.A.engagedin B.persistedin C.excelledin D.delightedin29.A.moderate B.mild C.rough D.pleasant30.A.protesters B.advocates C.donors D.helpers31.A.missing B.traveling C.working D.migrating32.A.seizing B.observing C.chasing D.spotting33.A.contributed B.returned C.submitted D.journeyed34.A.avoided B.suffered C.caused D.accumulated35.A.attached B.opposed C.subjected D.committed【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.B35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了美發(fā)沙龍的老板蘇西·格里芬遇到了一個在門口長凳上睡覺的流浪漢，于是格里芬決定幫助他，經(jīng)常給他提供飯菜和衣服，其他人也加入了進來。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年前，弗農(nóng)山購物中心鄧伍迪美發(fā)沙龍的老板蘇西·格里芬一天一大早來上班，發(fā)現(xiàn)一個無家可歸的人睡在她店門口的長凳上。A.playing玩耍；B.drawing繪畫；C.singing唱歌；D.sleeping睡覺。根據(jù)上文“ahomelessman”以及后文“onabenchneartheentrancetoherbusiness”可知，無家可歸的人睡在長椅上，其他選項不符合語境。故選D?！?2題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她不但沒有把他趕走，反而對他產(chǎn)生了興趣。A.driving(away)驅(qū)趕；B.taking(away)帶走；C.sending(away)派遣；D.pushing(away)推開。根據(jù)上文提到無家可歸的人睡在她店門口的長凳上，推測她本來可以把這個人趕走的。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然不完全了解肯的歷史，但得知他與家人疏遠(yuǎn)后，格里芬決定幫助他。A.family家庭；B.history歷史；C.preference偏愛；D.hobby愛好。根據(jù)后文“butlearningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily”此處指了解肯的個人歷史情況，故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很明顯，他患有各種各樣的精神問題，但格里芬決定幫助他。A.awful糟糕的；B.strange奇怪的；C.obvious顯然的；D.abnormal反常的。根據(jù)后文“hesufferedfromavarietyofmentalissues”以及上文“l(fā)earningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily”提到遭到了家人的疏遠(yuǎn)，推測指他明顯患有各種各樣的精神問題，其他選項不符合語境。故選C?！?5題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她定期給他送衣服和食物。A.regularly定期地；B.clumsily笨拙地；C.deliberately故意地；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)后文“hewasaroundenough”以及上文提到她決定幫助流浪漢，所以是定期給他送衣服和食物。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他并不總是在商店附近，但他經(jīng)常在附近，所以她給他提供一頓飯、零食或水已經(jīng)成為一種習(xí)慣。A.park公園；B.mall購物中心；C.square廣場；D.shop商店。根據(jù)上文“Twoyearsago,SusieGriffin,theownerofDunwoodyHairSalonintheMt.VernonShoppingCenter”指流浪漢在格里芬的商店附近，故選D?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他并不總是在商店附近，但他經(jīng)常在附近，所以她給他提供一頓飯、零食或水已經(jīng)成為一種習(xí)慣。A.burden負(fù)擔(dān)；B.recreation娛樂；C.privilege特權(quán)；D.habit習(xí)慣。根據(jù)后文“forhertoprovidehimwithameal,snacks,orwater”以及上文“hewasaroundenough”提到他經(jīng)常在附近，故推測她給他提供一頓飯、零食或水已經(jīng)成為一種習(xí)慣。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：很快，她的客戶和朋友參與幫助他。A.engagedin參與；B.persistedin堅持；C.excelledin出色；D.delightedin喜愛。根據(jù)后文“Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag”指她的客戶和朋友參與幫助他。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：天冷的時候，他們給他一個睡袋；預(yù)報天氣惡劣時，他們給他帶來了雨衣和雨傘。A.moderate普通的；B.mild輕微的；C.rough粗暴的，惡劣的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根據(jù)后文“weatherwaspredicted,theybroughthimaraincoatandumbrella”可知，帶來雨衣和雨傘說明天氣惡劣。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它很快變成了一個幫助者社區(qū)。A.protesters反對者；B.advocates提倡；C.donors捐贈者；D.helpers幫助者。根據(jù)上文“Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag”以及“Griffindecidedtohelphim.”可知，大家紛紛幫助流浪漢，成了幫助者社區(qū)。故選D?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他失蹤了好幾個星期，格里芬開車在亞特蘭大轉(zhuǎn)圈，最后在迪凱特的一個街角發(fā)現(xiàn)了他。A.missing失蹤，錯過；B.traveling旅行；C.working工作；D.migrating遷移。根據(jù)后文“forseveralweeks,GriffindrovearoundAtlanta”可知，格里芬開車在亞特蘭大轉(zhuǎn)圈，推測流浪漢失蹤了好幾個星期。故選A。【32題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一次，他失蹤了好幾個星期，格里芬開車在亞特蘭大轉(zhuǎn)圈，最后在迪凱特的一個街角發(fā)現(xiàn)了他。A.seizing抓??；B.observing觀察；C.chasing追趕；D.spotting發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“himonastreetcornerinDecatur”可知，格里芬最后在迪凱特的一個街角發(fā)現(xiàn)了流浪漢。故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：肯回到了鄧伍迪，社區(qū)服務(wù)一直持續(xù)到一個月前，他在穿過鄧伍迪村公園路時被一輛車撞了。A.contributed捐助；B.returned返回；C.submitted提交；D.journeyed旅行。根據(jù)后文“toDunwoody”以及“whenhewashitbyacarwhilecrossingDunwoodyVillageParkway”可知，格里芬找到了流浪漢，所以肯回到了原來的社區(qū)，后來受了傷。故選B。【34題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他頭部嚴(yán)重受傷。A.avoided避免；B.suffered遭受；C.caused造成；D.accumulated積累。根據(jù)后文“significantheadinjuries”指遭受頭部重傷。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：格里芬和她的社區(qū)表示，他們致力于幫助肯。A.attached附加的；B.opposed反對的；C.subjected服從的；D.committed盡心盡力的。根據(jù)后文“Ican’tdoalottohelppeople,butIcanhel