陜西省榆林市2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月仿真模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1陜西省榆林市2025屆高三下學(xué)期4月仿真模擬考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeelatthismoment?A.Regretted.B.Shocked.C.Satisfied.2.Whattimeisthewoman’sappointment?A.2:40.B.3:00.C.3:20.3.WhatwillTinadothisweekend?A.Goshopping.B.Gotoafarm.C.Gooutforfun.4.WhatdoesMaryprobablydo?A.Ahostess.B.Aprofessor.C.Ascientist.5.Howmanypeoplewillattendthemeeting?A.24.B.25.C.26.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Waitressandcustomer.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inthekitchen.C.Intheopenair.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Tocomplain.B.Toorderacar.C.Tomakeanappointment.9.WhatwillMrAndrewsdothisevening?A.VisitCarlsonAuto.B.GotoGeorgeStreet.C.Waitforthemechanic.10.HowisCarlsonAutoSaleslike?A.Demanding.B.Responsible.C.Profitable.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WhatisSteveconfusedabout?A.Futurecareer.B.Collegelife.C.Graduation.12.WhydoesStevechoosecriminalpsychology?A.Hedreamstobeapsychologist.B.Hewantstolearnasecondmajor.C.Hedesirestojointhepolice.13.WhatdoesStevedecidetodotomorrow?A.VisitMr.Carson.B.Contactapoliceofficer.C.Applytopoliceschool.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.Whywillthewomangoshoppingagain?A.Tobuyagift.B.Tobuyacellphone.C.Tobuymakeup.15.Whatdoesthewomandecidetopurchase?A.Somethingtoeat.B.Somethingtowear.C.Somethingtoplaywith.16.WhydoesthemanrecommendMacy’s?A.Itsellsgoodsweaters.B.Itisnotfaraway.C.Itisinthemall.17.Whenarethespeakerslikelytogoshopping?A.Thisafternoon.B.Thenextday.C.Thisweekend.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisnecessaryifameetinghastobeannouncedafteranother?A.Usingthebillboard.B.Callingeveryone.C.Givingareminder.19.Whatshouldbeincludedinameetingnotice?A.Thereminder.B.Theparticipants.C.Thecontactinformation.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Callingameeting.B.Sendinganemail.C.Makinganappointment.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ACareersinFoodIndustryWhat’sgreataboutthefood&drinkindustry?Thefoodanddrinkindustryiswellknownforitsworld-classqualityproduce.There’splentyofroomtogrowwithincreasingdemandfornewproductsandhealthieralternatives—makingitanexcitingandinnovativesectortoworkin.Oftendescribedas‘farmtofork’or‘gatetoplate’,thefoodanddrinkindustrycoversthegrowingandproducingoffood(primaryproduction)throughtothemanufacturing,processingandretailoffood.Fromdesigninghigh-techrobotstodevelopingnewproductsandeverythinginbetween,there’sloadsofexcitingthingsyourstudentscouldchoosetodoinfoodanddrink.Nomatterwhereyourstudentsinterestslie,therearecareersacrossagriculture,production,productdevelopment,logistics(物流),sales,marketing,financeandmore,andtheyallrequiredifferentskilllevels.Andforaslongasthegrowingpopulationneedstoeatanddrink,therewillalwaysbeaglobaldemandandwe’llneedtokeepimprovingourtechnology.Thatmeansmoreengineers,scientistsandmathematicianstoo.Whyhaveacareerinthefoodanddrinkindustry?·Opportunitiesforalllevelsofqualifications·Rewardingcareerswithrapidcareerprogression·Highaveragepaycomparedtootherindustries·WorkinginafastpacedenvironmentwhichisconstantlygrowingtokeepupwithconsumerdemandsThefoodanddrinkindustryismadeupofabroadrangeofcareers,whichallrequiredifferentskillsandinterests.Itlookssettogrowquicklyasglobaldemandforourproductsincreases.Tomeetfuturechallengesoffoodsecurityandclimatechange,we’llbeusingmoreinnovativeandautomatedtechnologies,whichwilldrivedemandforengineers,scientistsandmathematicians—we’llneedhighlyskilledindividualstohelpusovercomethesechallenges.1.Whatisanadvantageofthefoodanddrinkindustry?A.Spaciousworkplace. B.Accesstohealthyfoods.C.Nofearofunemployment. D.Plentyofjobopportunities.2.Whoaretheprobabletargetreadersofthistext?A.Students. B.Teachers. C.Farmers. D.Businessowners.3.Whatwilldrivethegrowthofthefoodanddrinkindustry?A.People’sawarenessofagriculture. B.Fewerchallengesthatfaceagriculture.C.Theapplicationofagriculturalrobots. D.Demandforfoodfrompopulationgrowth.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了食品飲料行業(yè)的廣闊職業(yè)前景，強(qiáng)調(diào)其因人口增長(zhǎng)和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新帶來(lái)的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，說(shuō)明該行業(yè)具有多樣性和發(fā)展?jié)摿Α！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Nomatterwhereyourstudentsinterestslie,therearecareersacrossagriculture,production,productdevelopment,logistics(物流),sales,marketing,financeandmore,andtheyallrequiredifferentskilllevels.(無(wú)論你的學(xué)生對(duì)哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域感興趣，食品行業(yè)都能提供豐富的職業(yè)選擇——從農(nóng)業(yè)種植、生產(chǎn)加工、產(chǎn)品研發(fā)，到物流運(yùn)輸、銷(xiāo)售推廣、市場(chǎng)營(yíng)銷(xiāo)乃至財(cái)務(wù)管理等各個(gè)方向，不同崗位對(duì)技能水平的要求也各不相同)”可知，食品和飲料行業(yè)的優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是工作機(jī)會(huì)多。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中多次出現(xiàn)的“yourstudents(你的學(xué)生)”以及文章列舉食品和飲料行業(yè)的分支，強(qiáng)調(diào)技能多樣性，說(shuō)明職業(yè)發(fā)展前景等可推知，文章的目標(biāo)讀者是教育工作者，即教師，為他們提供用于職業(yè)教育的資源。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Andforaslongasthegrowingpopulationneedstoeatanddrink,therewillalwaysbeaglobaldemand(只要不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口還需要吃喝，全球市場(chǎng)對(duì)食品飲料的需求就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)消失)”可知，食品和飲料行業(yè)的發(fā)展得益于人口增長(zhǎng)對(duì)食物的需求。故選D項(xiàng)。BTedStrickrothofRiverheadwasaremarkableindividualwhoshowedthespiritofhelpingnature.HefoundedtheWildernessTravelingMuseum,anonprofitorganizationdedicated(專注于)toeducatingchildrenaboutNativeAmericancultureandtraditions.Strickrothvisitedschoolsandevents,sharingthewisdomofNativeAmericanswitheageryoungminds.In2017,StrickrothemphasizedhismissiontoteachchildrenthatNativeAmericanswereexceptionalrecyclers,thoughintheirownuniqueway.Hebelievedthatwhilemodernsocietyrecycledbottlesandcans,thenativepeopleshaddevelopedtheirownrecyclingpracticeslongbefore.JoeColao,along-timefriendofStrickroth,recalledthathehadtaughtthousandsofpeopleovertheyears.WheneveraschooldistricthiredhimtoconductaprogramonNativeAmericanculture,teachersandprincipalsoftenrecognizedhimfromhisearliervisitswhentheywerestudents.Someevenrememberedhimfromtheirfourth-gradeyears.RenatoStafford,anotherfriend,rememberedStrickroth’ssummercampswherehetaughtchildrensurvivalskillsandvariousaspectsofNativeAmericanculture,suchaspainting,fire-making,andbow-and-arrowuse.StaffordaddedthatStrickrothwasincrediblygenerous,alwaysreadytohelpotherswithouthesitation.DuringastormthatleftStafford’sfamilywithoutpower,Strickrothbroughtageneratortotheirhousewithoutevenaskingifhecouldhelp.Whateverwasneeded,Strickrothmadesuretofindawaytoprovideit.Strickroth’smilitarybackgroundalsohighlightedhisleadershipskillsandproblem-solvingabilities.Hiscommandingofficerpraisedhimforbeinghighlyrespectedbybothsuperiorsandcolleagues,andforhisquickunderstandingandresolutionoftechnicalsituations.However,intheearly2010s,Strickrothwasdiagnosedwithararecancerthatcouldaffectanytissue.Doctorsrecommendedamputating(截?cái)?hisrightarm,butasacarpenterandaneducator,hewantedtokeepitaslongaspossible.Eventhoughheknewthecancermightspread,hewaswillingtoacceptthatrisk.Colaodescribedhimasoneofthekindestandgentlestpeoplehehadevermet.TedStrickroth’sdedicationtoeducation,generosity,andlovefornaturewillforeverberemembered.4.WhatdidStrickroththinkofthewaysofNativeAmericans?A.Eco-friendly. B.Economical. C.Profitable. D.Time-honored.5.WhatcanweknowaboutStrickrothfromthethirdparagraph?A.Heonceworkedasateacher. B.Hehasmanylong-timefriends.C.Heeducatedgenerationsofchildren. D.Herememberedallthechildrenhetaught.6.WhatdoesRenatoStaffordthinkisthecharacteristicofStrickroth?A.Wiseandskillful. B.Selflessandhelpful.C.Generousandbrave. D.Talkativeandeasygoing.7.WhyisStrickroth’slifeinthearmymentionedinparagraph5?A.Toshowhisrichlifeexperience. B.Tohighlighthiscareandkindness.C.TohonorhimasaNativeAmerican. D.Toprovehisabilitytosolveproblems.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，通過(guò)朋友的回憶講述了好人 TedStrickroth的善良人生?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“In2017,StrickrothemphasizedhismissiontoteachchildrenthatNativeAmericanswereexceptionalrecyclers,thoughintheirownuniqueway.Hebelievedthatwhilemodernsocietyrecycledbottlesandcans,thenativepeopleshaddevelopedtheirownrecyclingpracticeslongbefore.(2017年，Strickroth強(qiáng)調(diào)了他的使命，即教育孩子們印第安人是杰出的回收者，盡管他們有自己獨(dú)特的方式。他認(rèn)為，雖然現(xiàn)代社會(huì)回收瓶子和罐頭，但土著人民很久以前就已經(jīng)形成了自己的回收做法)”可知，Strickroth認(rèn)為，土著美國(guó)人的生活方式是生態(tài)友好型的。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“WheneveraschooldistricthiredhimtoconductaprogramonNativeAmericanculture,teachersandprincipalsoftenrecognizedhimfromhisearliervisitswhentheywerestudents.Someevenrememberedhimfromtheirfourth-gradeyears.(每當(dāng)一個(gè)學(xué)區(qū)聘請(qǐng)他主持一個(gè)關(guān)于美洲原住民文化的項(xiàng)目時(shí)，老師和校長(zhǎng)們常常會(huì)認(rèn)出他，因?yàn)樗麄冞€是學(xué)生的時(shí)候，他曾去過(guò)那里。有些人甚至還記得他們四年級(jí)的時(shí)候)”可知，Strickroth教育過(guò)幾代人了。故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“StaffordaddedthatStrickrothwasincrediblygenerous,alwaysreadytohelpotherswithouthesitation.(斯塔福德補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，Strickroth非?？犊?，總是毫不猶豫地幫助別人)”可知，RenatoStafford認(rèn)為Strickroth無(wú)私而且樂(lè)于助人。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Strickroth’smilitarybackgroundalsohighlightedhisleadershipskillsandproblem-solvingabilities.Hiscommandingofficerpraisedhimforbeinghighlyrespectedbybothsuperiorsandcolleagues,andforhisquickunderstandingandresolutionoftechnicalsituations.(Strickroth的軍事背景也凸顯了他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)能力和解決問(wèn)題的能力。他的指揮官稱贊他受到上級(jí)和同事的高度尊重，以及他對(duì)技術(shù)情況的快速理解和解決)”可知，提及部隊(duì)生活是為了證明Strickroth解決問(wèn)題的能力，故選D。CApapyrusscroll(莎草紙卷軸)thatwasburiedwhenMountVesuviuseruptednearly2.000yearsagomayhaverevealedhowPlato,oneofthefathersofwesternthought,spenthisfinalhours.TheGreekphilosopherdiedinabout348BChavingbeenastudentofSocrates,theteacherofAristotleandthefounderofthefirstuniversity,theAcademyatAthens.Heisthoughttohavebeen80or81atthetimeofhisdeath.ThescrollcarriesapreviouslyunknownaccountofhowhespenthislasteveninglisteningtoflutemusicplayedbyaThracianslavegirl.Itclaimsthathewasunimpressedandcriticizedhersenseofrhythm.AccordingtoGrazianoRanocchia,aprofessorattheUniversityofPisawholedtheteamthatrecoveredit,theaccountshowsthatPlatowasclear-headeduntiltheendofhislife,despitesufferingfromattacksoffever.“Untilhisverylasthour,hewasabletoexpressanaesthetic(審美的)judgment.”hesaid.ThescrollcontainspartofahistoryoftheAcademybyPhilodemus,wholivedinthefirstcenturyBC.Untilnow,however,ithadmostlybeenunreadable.Thepapyrusonwhichitiswrittenwastransformedintoeasily-brokenblackcarbonwhenVesuviuseruptedinAD79,buryingbothPompeiiandthenearbyRomantownofHerculaneum.ThescrollwasrecoveredfromahouseinHerculaneum,thoughttohaveoncebeenownedbythefather-in-lawofJuliusCaesar.Itsblackinkhadbeenimpossibletomakeoutfromtheburnedpapyrustowhichithadbeenapplied.Ranocchiaandhiscolleaguesmanagedtofindoutthemeaningofthewordsonitusingtechniquesincludingshortwaveinfraredhyperspectra(紅外高光譜)imaging,whichdetectedtinydifferencesinhowlightbouncedofftheink.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthatscroll?A.ItwaswrittenbyPlato. B.ItcontainsthestoryofPlato.C.Itwasruinedbyvolcanicash. D.Itconsistsofessaysonaesthetics.9.Whichofthefollowingeventstookplacefirst?A.ThebirthofPlato. B.TheeruptionofVesuvius.C.ThedeathofPhilodemus. D.Thecompletionofthescroll.10.Whywasthescrolldifficulttoread?A.Itwasburnedtocarbon. B.Thewordsonitwerefaded.C.Itwaswritteninoldlanguage. D.Notechniquecouldmakeoutthewords.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthistext?A.2000-yearOldScrollUnearthed B.MoreCulturalRelicsWereFoundC.PlatoWillBeRememberedForever D.ScrollRevealsPlato’sFinalThought【答案】8.B9.A10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究人員利用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)辨認(rèn)出了燒焦的紙上的文字內(nèi)容。揭示了柏拉圖最后的思考?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ThescrollcarriesapreviouslyunknownaccountofhowhespenthislasteveninglisteningtoflutemusicplayedbyaThracianslavegirl.(卷軸上有一段以前不為人知的記載，講述了他是如何度過(guò)最后一個(gè)晚上，聽(tīng)著一個(gè)色雷斯女奴演奏的長(zhǎng)笛音樂(lè))”可知，這個(gè)卷軸里記載了不被認(rèn)知的一個(gè)關(guān)于柏拉圖的故事。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheGreekphilosopherdiedinabout348BChavingbeenastudentofSocrates,theteacherofAristotleandthefounderofthefirstuniversity,theAcademyatAthens.(這位希臘哲學(xué)家死于公元前348年左右，曾是蘇格拉底的學(xué)生，亞里士多德的老師，也是第一所大學(xué)——雅典學(xué)院的創(chuàng)始人)”以及第三段“Heisthoughttohavebeen80or81atthetimeofhisdeath.(人們認(rèn)為他去世時(shí)已經(jīng)80或81歲了)”可知，柏拉圖誕生于公元前427年(公元前348年他80歲)；維蘇威火山爆發(fā)于公元79年；Philodemus生活于公元前一世紀(jì)；卷軸里記載了柏拉圖生命最后的故事，應(yīng)該完成于柏拉圖去世后。即柏拉圖的誕生先發(fā)生。故選A。【10題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Thepapyrusonwhichitiswrittenwastransformedintoeasily-brokenblackcarbonwhenVesuviuseruptedinAD79,buryingbothPompeiiandthenearbyRomantownofHerculaneum.(公元79年，維蘇威火山爆發(fā)，掩埋了龐貝城和附近的羅馬城鎮(zhèn)赫庫(kù)蘭尼姆，寫(xiě)這篇文章的莎草紙變成了容易破碎的黑碳)”和第六段中“Itsblackinkhadbeenimpossibletomakeoutfromtheburnedpapyrustowhichithadbeenapplied.(它的黑色墨水是不可能從被燒過(guò)的莎草紙上辨認(rèn)出來(lái)的)”可知，由于卷軸的紙張?zhí)蓟?，上面的黑色墨水無(wú)法辨認(rèn)，所以無(wú)法認(rèn)讀。故選A?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Apapyrusscroll(莎草紙卷軸)thatwasburiedwhenMountVesuviuseruptednearly2.000yearsagomayhaverevealedhowPlato,oneofthefathersofwesternthought,spenthisfinalhours.(近兩千年前維蘇威火山爆發(fā)時(shí)埋在地下的一份莎草紙卷軸，可能揭示了西方思想之父之一柏拉圖是如何度過(guò)生命最后的時(shí)光的)”以及本文主要講述了一個(gè)出土卷軸中記載的故事，柏拉圖在生命即將結(jié)束時(shí)仍然在發(fā)表關(guān)于審美的觀點(diǎn)。D選項(xiàng)“卷軸揭示了柏拉圖最后所想”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。DSincescientistsbeganmeasuringbrainfunction,youngpeoplehavescoredhigherthanolderpeopleinIQ.Nowthatischanging.AstudybyNottinghamTrentUniversity(NTU)hasfoundthatforthefirsttime,thementalabilityofoldergenerationsiscatchingupwiththeyoung.Itishappening,scientistsbelieve,becausegainsinintelligenceofyoungergenerationscametoastoparound2000,yetarestillclimbingforolderpeople,meaningthementalgapbetweentheyoungandoldisclosing.DrStephenBadham,anassociateprofessorinpsychologyatNTU’sSchoolofSocialSciences,said:“MuchexistingresearchshowsIQhasbeenimprovinggloballythroughoutthe20thcentury.”Thismeanslater-borngenerationsaremorecognitively(認(rèn)知地)ablethanthosebornearlier.However,thereisgrowingevidencethattime-basedincreasesinIQarelevelingoff.Inthemostrecentdecades,youngadultsarenomorecognitivelyablethanthosebornshortlybefore.Asaresult,thecurrentdatashowyoungadultadvantagesincognitionrelativetoolderadults,suchasmemoryabilityandspeedofprocessing,arenowgettingsmallerovertime.Whenwecompareyoungandolderadultstoday,thegapissmallerthaninthepast.DrBadhamcarriedoutananalysisof60studiesthathaverecordedmentalabilityofdifferentgenerations.In83ofthetestsused,olderadultsshowedbetterperformancethanearlierolderadults.Howeveryoungadults’cognitionremainedrelativelyflatacrosstime.ScientistsbelievethephenomenonisbeingcausedbecausetheFlynnEffecthasleveledoff.TheFlynnEffectstatesglobalIQwillrisesteadilyovertime,mostlyfuelledbyimprovementsineducation,dietandhealth.Butitnowappearstohavecometoahaltforpeoplebornattheturnofthemillennium(千禧年).Incontrast,thosebornearlierarestillrecordingimprovementscomparedtoolderpeopleofpreviousgenerations.12.Whatcanweinferaboutlater-borngenerationsinthe20thcentury?A.Theywouldgrowhealthierandlonger. B.Theylearnedfromtheirparentsintellectually.C.Theyweremoreintelligentthantheirparents. D.Theyseemedtostopgrowinginmentalability.13.HowdoesBadhamconducttheresearch?A.Bytestingtheparticipants. B.Bydoingseriesofresearches.C.Byanalyzingresultsofotherstudies. D.Bycomparingsomeyoungandoldadults.14.WhatimprovementmightleadtotheFlynnEffect?A.Education. B.Intelligence. C.Relationship. D.Environment.15.Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“halt”inthelastparagraph?A.Stop. B.Peak. C.Head. D.Point.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，研究表明，由于菲林效應(yīng)的減弱，年輕人的智商優(yōu)勢(shì)在縮小，而老年人的智力卻仍在繼續(xù)發(fā)展?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“MuchexistingresearchshowsIQhasbeenimprovinggloballythroughoutthe20thcentury.(許多現(xiàn)有的研究表明，在整個(gè)20世紀(jì)，智商在全球范圍內(nèi)一直在提高)”以及“Thismeanslater-borngenerationsaremorecognitively(認(rèn)知地)ablethanthosebornearlier.(這意味著晚出生的人比早出生的人更有認(rèn)知能力)”可知，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在上個(gè)世紀(jì)，出生越晚的年輕人智力水平越高。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“DrBadhamcarriedoutananalysisof60studiesthathaverecordedmentalabilityofdifferentgenerations.(Badham博士對(duì)60項(xiàng)研究進(jìn)行了分析，這些研究記錄了不同世代的人的心理能力)”可知，Badham是通過(guò)分析60多個(gè)其他研究數(shù)據(jù)得出自己的判斷的。故選C。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheFlynnEffectstatesglobalIQwillrisesteadilyovertime,mostlyfuelledbyimprovementsineducation,dietandhealth.(Flynn效應(yīng)表明，隨著時(shí)間的推移，全球智商將穩(wěn)步上升，這主要是由教育、飲食和健康的改善所推動(dòng)的)”可知，F(xiàn)lynn效應(yīng)主要是由于教育水平提高導(dǎo)致的。故選A?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“TheFlynnEffectstatesglobalIQwillrisesteadilyovertime,mostlyfuelledbyimprovementsineducation,dietandhealth.(Flynn效應(yīng)表明，隨著時(shí)間的推移，全球智商將穩(wěn)步上升，這主要是由教育、飲食和健康的改善所推動(dòng)的)”以及“Butitnowappearstohavecometoa”中but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，結(jié)合文章主要觀點(diǎn)是，進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)后年輕人的智商不像上世紀(jì)那樣，比更早出生的人高，他們的智商似乎停止了。本句重復(fù)敘述這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)，由此推測(cè)，劃線詞的意思應(yīng)該是“停止”的意思，故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Freshwaterbirdsarebirdsthatlivenearriversandlakes,insteadoftheoceanorsea.Thesebirdsareusuallyexpertdiversandswimmersandhavethick,downyfeatherstokeepthemwarm.____16____Theyhelpcontrolinsectpopulations,spreadseeds,andcontributetonutrientcycling.Additionally,thesebirdsserveasindicatorsofwaterquality,becausetheirpresenceorabsencecanindicatethehealthofafreshwaterhabitat.Protectingthesebirdsiscrucialforkeepingthebiodiversityoffreshwaterecosystems.Ducksareoneofthemostcommonbirdsweseearoundfreshwaterlakes.They’rewaterbirds,meaningtheyspendalotoftheirtimeswimmingandsearchingforfoodinthewater.____17____Theydo!Theirfeathersarewaterproof,makingthemperfectforlivingaroundwater.Swansarealsofreshwaterbirds.____18____Youcannoticetheirelegancewhenyouseethemglideonthewater.Thesewhite-featheredwaterbirdsareasighttowatch.Theirlongneckscurvingbeautifullyastheyswiminthewater.Swansarelarge,withwingspansthatcanextendtonearly10feet.____19____Swansarefiercelyprotectiveoftheiryoung.____20____Whetherit’sacalmlakeoraflowingriver,swansareadelightfulsight,addingquietnesstothescene.Sonexttimeyou’renearwater,lookoutfortheseelegantcreatures.Andifyou’relucky,youmightspotafamilyofswansglidingtogether.A.Swansliveonalmosteverycontinent.B.Theyareknownfortheirgraceandelegance.C.So,theyarealsogracefulwhenflyinginthesky.D.Haveyoueverseenducksswimminginagrouponalake?E.Didyouknowthatduckshavespecialfeathersthatkeepthemdry?F.Freshwaterbirdsplayavitalroleinmaintainingthebalanceofecosystems.G.Thebabybirdsarewellcaredforuntilthey’restrongenoughtoliveonthemselves.【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.C20.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了淡水鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)以及其中的鴨子和天鵝?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theyhelpcontrolinsectpopulations,spreadseeds,andcontributetonutrientcycling.Additionally,thesebirdsserveasindicatorsofwaterquality,becausetheirpresenceorabsencecanindicatethehealthofafreshwaterhabitat.Protectingthesebirdsiscrucialforkeepingthebiodiversityoffreshwaterecosystems.(它們有助于控制昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量，傳播種子，促進(jìn)養(yǎng)分循環(huán)。此外，這些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)還可以作為水質(zhì)指標(biāo)，因?yàn)樗鼈兊拇嬖谂c否可以表明淡水棲息地的健康狀況。保護(hù)這些鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)對(duì)于保持淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生物多樣性至關(guān)重要)”可知，本段內(nèi)容與生態(tài)有關(guān)，尤其是最后一句中“keepingthebiodiversityoffreshwaterecosystems(保持淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生物多樣性)”總結(jié)了本段內(nèi)容，故F選項(xiàng)“淡水鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在維持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)平衡方面起著至關(guān)重要的作用”作為本段的首句，主題句符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Theydo!Theirfeathersarewaterproof,makingthemperfectforlivingaroundwater.(他們的確是這樣的！它們的羽毛是防水的，使它們非常適合在水邊生活)”可知，空格后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)E選項(xiàng)“你知道鴨子有特殊的羽毛使它們保持干燥嗎？”問(wèn)題的回答和解釋。故選E?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Youcannoticetheirelegancewhenyouseethemglideonthewater.Thesewhite-featheredwaterbirdsareasighttowatch.Theirlongneckscurvingbeautifullyastheyswiminthewater.Swansarelarge,withwingspansthatcanextendtonearly10feet.(當(dāng)你看到它們?cè)谒嫔匣袝r(shí)，你會(huì)注意到它們的優(yōu)雅。這些白色羽毛的水鳥(niǎo)是值得觀賞的景象。它們的長(zhǎng)脖子在水里游泳時(shí)優(yōu)美地彎曲著。天鵝體型很大，翼展可以伸展到近10英尺)”可知，本段描述天鵝的優(yōu)雅和美麗。B選項(xiàng)“它們以優(yōu)雅和優(yōu)雅而聞名”是對(duì)這些描寫(xiě)的概括，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Swansarelarge,withwingspansthatcanextendtonearly10feet.(天鵝體型很大，翼展可以伸展到近10英尺)”可知，天鵝個(gè)頭大，翼展達(dá)到10英尺，本句與上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系。故C選項(xiàng)“所以，它們?cè)诳罩酗w行時(shí)也很優(yōu)雅”符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。【20題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Swansarefiercelyprotectiveoftheiryoung.(天鵝會(huì)極力保護(hù)自己的幼崽)”可知，天鵝護(hù)崽。G選項(xiàng)“幼鳥(niǎo)會(huì)得到很好的照顧，直到它們強(qiáng)壯到可以自己生活”順承上句，講述天鵝幼崽的成長(zhǎng)習(xí)性，上下句話題一致，邏輯合理。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。SebaStephensisonly10yearsold,buthe’saverytalentedmusician.Heplaysdrums(鼓),bass,guitar,andpiano.Recently,heearneda____21____certificateinmusicthroughtheBerkleeOnlineprogramatthefamousBerkleeCollegeofMusic.SebaandhisfamilyliveinMemphis,Tennessee—aplacefamousformusic.He____22____withmusicallaround,butheespecially____23____thedrummingofStewartCopelandfromthebandThePolice.“ThePolicesongsare____24____somuchcooldrumming,”hesays.Onhisthirdbirthday,hisfather,Everett,boughthimajuniordrumkit.Butsoonitdidn’t____25____hislevel.Everettboughthimaprofessionaldrumkitandsignedhimupfor____26____.Sebawaslearningextremely____27____andheevenstartedabandinkindergarten.Byfirstgrade,hewas____28____moneyplayingmusic.In2020,Seba____29____asummermusicprogramatBerkleeasan8-year-old.hestudiedbassinanonlineprogram.To____30____,hehadtopracticeupto36hoursaweek.Afterthe____31____summer,EverettthoughtSebamightwantabreak.Hewaswrong.____32____,Sebaaskedhisparentstohome-schoolhimsohecouldkeepgoingtoBerkleeduringtheschoolyear.LastMay,Sebabecametheyoungestpersoneverto____33____aprofessionalcertificatefromBerklee.Whenhe’soldenough,Seba____34____togotocollegeatBerklee.Fornow,he’sstill____35____andperforming.21.A.origin B.digital C.professional D.quality22.A.cameup B.endup C.putup D.grewup23.A.loved B.remembered C.emphasized D.mentioned24.A.absentfrom B.fullof C.connectedwith D.equalto25.A.influence B.challenge C.describe D.match26.A.performances B.examinations C.concerts D.lessons27.A.quickly B.frequently C.happily D.cautiously28.A.earning B.spending C.saving D.withdrawing29.A.launched B.joined C.consulted D.promoted30.A.giveback B.setoff C.keepup D.getover31.A.hot B.intense C.long D.boring32.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Instead D.Otherwise33.A.receive B.expect C.share D.collect34.A.admits B.hopes C.agrees D.rejects35.A.planning B.researching C.practicing D.travelling【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.D26.D27.A28.A29.B30.C31.B32.C33.A34.B35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了一個(gè)十歲的天才鼓手最近獲得了伯克利音樂(lè)學(xué)院的專業(yè)證書(shū)的故事?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞/名詞詞義辨析。句意：最近，他通過(guò)著名的伯克利音樂(lè)學(xué)院的伯克利在線課程獲得了音樂(lè)專業(yè)證書(shū)。A.origin起源；B.digital數(shù)碼的；C.professional專業(yè)的；D.quality質(zhì)量。根據(jù)后文“certificateinmusicthroughtheBerkleeOnlineprogramatthefamousBerkleeCollegeofMusic”指獲得了音樂(lè)學(xué)院的專業(yè)證書(shū)。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他在音樂(lè)中長(zhǎng)大，但他特別喜歡Police樂(lè)隊(duì)的StewartCopeland打鼓。A.cameup接近；B.endup結(jié)束；C.putup忍受；D.grewup成長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)上文“SebaandhisfamilyliveinMemphis,Tennessee—aplacefamousformusic.(Seba和他的家人住在田納西州孟菲斯，一個(gè)以音樂(lè)聞名的地方)”可知，他在音樂(lè)中長(zhǎng)大，故選D?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他在音樂(lè)中長(zhǎng)大，但他特別喜歡Police樂(lè)隊(duì)的StewartCopeland打鼓。A.loved愛(ài)；B.remembered記得；C.emphasized強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.mentioned提及。根據(jù)后文“somuchcooldrumming”提到鼓點(diǎn)很酷，說(shuō)明喜歡Police樂(lè)隊(duì)的StewartCopeland打鼓。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“Police樂(lè)隊(duì)的歌曲充滿了很酷的鼓點(diǎn)?！盇.absentfrom缺席；B.fullof充滿；C.connectedwith聯(lián)系；D.equalto等于。根據(jù)后文“somuchcooldrumming”指音樂(lè)充滿很酷的鼓點(diǎn)。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但很快就跟不上他的水平了。A.influence影響；B.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；C.describe描述；D.match匹配。根據(jù)后文“Everettboughthimaprofessionaldrumkit”買(mǎi)了專業(yè)的架子鼓，說(shuō)明少年架子鼓無(wú)法匹配他的水平。故選D?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：埃弗雷特給他買(mǎi)了一套專業(yè)的架子鼓，并為他報(bào)名上課。A.performances表演；B.examinations考試；C.concerts音樂(lè)會(huì)；D.lessons課程。根據(jù)后文“Sebawaslearning”指為他報(bào)名上課。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Seba學(xué)得非?？欤踔猎谟變簣@就組建了樂(lè)隊(duì)。A.quickly快速地；B.frequently頻繁地；C.happily快樂(lè)地；D.cautiously謹(jǐn)慎地。根據(jù)后文“andheevenstartedabandinkindergarten”可知，組建樂(lè)隊(duì)說(shuō)明學(xué)得很快。故選A。【28題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一年級(jí)的時(shí)候，他開(kāi)始通過(guò)演奏音樂(lè)賺錢(qián)。A.earning賺得；B.spending花費(fèi)；C.saving挽救；D.withdrawing退出。根據(jù)后文“moneyplayingmusic”指通過(guò)演奏音樂(lè)賺錢(qián)，應(yīng)用earn。故選A?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年，8歲的塞巴參加了伯克利大學(xué)的夏季音樂(lè)課程，他在一個(gè)在線課程中學(xué)習(xí)了貝斯。A.launched啟動(dòng)；B.joined加入；C.consulted咨詢；D.promoted促進(jìn)。根據(jù)后文“asummermusicprogramatBerklee”指塞巴加入了音樂(lè)課程，故選B。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：為了跟上節(jié)奏，他不得不每周練習(xí)36個(gè)小時(shí)。A.giveback歸還；B.setoff突出、啟程；C.keepup跟上；D.getover克服。根據(jù)后文“hehadtopracticeupto36hoursaweek”可知，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間練習(xí)是為了跟上課程。故選C?！?1題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在緊張的夏天之后，埃弗雷特認(rèn)為塞巴可能需要休息一下。A.hot熱的；B.intense緊張的；C.long長(zhǎng)的；D.boring無(wú)聊的。根據(jù)上文“hehadtopracticeupto36hoursaweek”可知，練習(xí)很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，說(shuō)明課程緊張。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，Seba讓他的父母在家教他，這樣他就可以在學(xué)年期間繼續(xù)去伯克利。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides此外；C.Instead反而；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)后文“Sebaaskedhisparentstohome-schoolhim”可知，塞巴沒(méi)有放松，反而在家繼續(xù)接受教育。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年5月，Seba成為有史以來(lái)最年輕的獲得伯克利專業(yè)證書(shū)的人。A.receive收到；B.expect期待；C.share分享；D.collect收集。根據(jù)后文“aprofessionalcertificatefromBerklee”指獲得了伯克利專業(yè)證書(shū)。故選A。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他足夠大的時(shí)候，塞巴希望去伯克利讀大學(xué)。A.admits承認(rèn)；B.hopes希望；C.agrees同意；D.rejects拒絕。根據(jù)后文“togotocollegeatBerklee”可知，塞巴喜歡音樂(lè)，希望去伯克利讀大學(xué)。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，他仍在練習(xí)和演奏。A.planning計(jì)劃；B.researching研究；C.practicing練習(xí)；D.travelling旅行。根據(jù)后文“andperforming”以及上文“hehadtopracticeupto36hoursaweek”指繼續(xù)練習(xí)和演奏音樂(lè)。故選C。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。LangRongbiaoandHouDongmei,acouplelivinginnorthChina’sTianjin,areretiredprofessionalathletes____36____wonnumerousawardsduringwushucompetitions,bothathomeandabroad.Now,theyaretheprincipalandheadcoach,____37____(respective),ofaTianjin-basedmartialarts(武術(shù))school.____38____(work)together,theyeducateandcultivatewushutalentsforChina.What’smore,thecoupleisdedicatedtosharingtheuniquespiritofChinesemartialarts__