Unit 2 過知識（教師版）

外研版2019必修第三冊Unit2Makingadifference【過知識】Step1考點必備【過單詞】重點單詞___________n.貢獻___________n.減輕，緩解3.___________adj.有效的4.___________v.回收利用5.___________v.捐贈6___________n.短缺，不足7.___________n.職責，使命8.___________n.疾病9.___________adj.敏感的10___________n.癌癥11.___________adj.臨時的，短暫的12.___________n.成績，成就13.___________v.專修，adj.主要的,n.專業(yè)14.___________n.治療，療法15.___________(比較級）adj.更遠的，進一步16.___________n.v.幫助，援助17.___________n.軍隊18.___________adj.最高級的，首席的19.___________v.獲得，得到20.___________n.藥物，藥材答案：contribution2，relief3,effective4,recycle5,donate6,shortage7,mission8,disease9,sensitive10,cancer11,temporary12,achievement13,major14.treatment15.further/farther16.aid17,military18,chief19,obtain20,drug重點詞轉(zhuǎn)1.temporarilyadv.臨時地，短暫地→temporaryadj.臨時的，短暫的2.achievementn.成績，成就→achievev.獲得成就，實現(xiàn)3.majorv.專修，adj.主要的,n.專業(yè)→majorityn.大多數(shù)4.treatmentn.治療，療法→treatv.治療，對待5.faradj.遙遠的→further/farther(比較級）→furthest/farthest(最高級）6.contributionn.貢獻→contributev.貢獻，促進7.reliefn.減輕，緩解→relievev.減輕，緩解8.affectv.影響→effectn.影響，效果→effectiveadj.有效的→effectivelyadv.有效地9.recyclev.回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收的10.donatev.捐贈→donationn.捐贈11.realityn.真實，現(xiàn)實→realadj.真的的→realizev.實現(xiàn)，意識到【過短語】1.risetoone’sfeet站起身來2.boardthetrain登上火車3.joinsb加入某人4.thewayofdoingsth做某事的方法5.ondoingsth一...就...6.escapefrom從...逃脫7.indanger處于危險中8.keeprecordsof記錄9.serveas充當，起作用10.aimtodosth旨在做某事11.managetodosth設(shè)法做某事12.hesitatetodosth猶豫，遲疑13.withtheassistanceof...在...的幫助下14.lookacross從一邊看到另一邊15.earnmoney掙錢16.turnout結(jié)果是，出席17.makeadifference有影響18.setup建立19.benefitfrom從...中獲益20.makeone’sdreamareality夢想成真【過句式】過去分詞作定語1...Ryanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacher...InUganda,Ryanatlastsawthefinishedwellwithhisowneyes.介詞+whichMostbiographiesareorganisedintheorderinwhicheventshappened.as的用法2.AstheChinesesayinggoes,“Akind-heartedpersonlivesalonglife.”【過語法】單個的過去分詞作定語時，通常放在被修飾詞的前面；過去分詞短語作定語時，通常放在被修飾詞的后面，其作用相當于一個定語從句。定語表“完成”或“被動”boiledwater開水fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽selectedapples精選蘋果spokenEnglish英語口語icedbeer冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒cookedfood熟食friedchips炸土豆條單個的過去分詞作定語時，一般放在被修飾詞語之前(如上例)，也可以放在所修飾詞語的后面。Look!Sheiscollectingusedbooks.Hurryup,thereisonlyalittletimeleft.過去分詞短語作定語時，須將分詞放在被修飾的詞語之后，功能相當于一個定語從句。Nearthewindow,thereisabookshelffilledwithmanybooks(=whichisfilledwithmanybooks).Herdaughter,broughtupbyme(=whowasbroughtupbyme)hasbeguntoworknow.活學(xué)活用：用所給詞的適當形式填空1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily_________(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_____(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_____(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader________(respect)bythepeople.6.______(tell)tostayinBeijing,theboydecidednottoreturnedtohisvillage.7.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅們修建的).8.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.9.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).10.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀請參加宴會的)werefamousscientists.Keys：1lying2pointing3selling4brought5respected6Havingbeentold7builtbymyuncles8taken9madebyhim.10invitedtotheparty.Step2考點突破高頻詞匯·情景破考點1：contributionn.貢獻;捐獻;投稿【用法】(1)makecontributionsto對…做出貢獻(2)contribute v.是…的原因之一;捐贈,捐獻contribute...to... 把…捐獻給…;給…撰稿contributeto 為…做出貢獻;有助于,增進;導(dǎo)致;給…投稿例1．【單句填空】*YuanLongpingmadegreatcontributions______thedevelopmentofagriculture.袁隆平為農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展做出了巨大的貢獻。*Moreandmorepeoplearewilling_____________foodandclothestothehomelesspeople.越來越多的人愿意為無家可歸的人捐獻食物和衣服。*Hisvisitcontributed__________abetterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.他的來訪增進了兩國間更好的理解?！敬鸢浮縯otocontributeto考點2：reliefn.寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟【用法】(1)toone’srelief 令某人欣慰的是withrelief 欣慰地；如釋重負地It’sarelieftodosth. 做某事是令人欣慰的。(2)relieve vt.減輕；解除；救援relievesb.of... 減輕某人的……；將某人從……中解脫出來(3)relieved adj.感到寬慰的例2．【單句填空】①Shesmiled___reliefaftersheheardhersonhadbeenadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversity.②-Don'tworry,Mum.Thedoctorsaiditwasonlytheflu.-What______relief!I'lltellDadthere'snothingserious.③Inawayitwasarelief______(know)exactlywhatwashappening.④Adoctoristoworkforthe_______(relieve)ofpatients'suffering.⑤_______ourrelief,theoldtemplesinthisregionwereonlyslightlydamagedinthedisaster.【答案】①in②a③toknow④relief⑤To考點3：aidv.幫助,援助【詞匯拓展】givesbfirstaid/givefirstaidtosb對某人進行急救come/gotoone’said/help幫助某人inaidof為了援助withtheaidof在……的幫助下aidsbin/with(doing)sth在(做)某事方面幫助某人aidsbtodosth幫助某人做某事例3．【單句填空】(1)語法填空①Heaidedme_______(finish)thework.

②I’mcollectingmoney__aidofthehomelesspeople.(2)_____________aneighbor,hemanagedtoputoutthefire.

他在一位鄰居的幫助下設(shè)法把火撲滅了。(3)HavinglearnedthatIwasintrouble,he_____________withoutdelay.

得知我陷入困境后,他立即趕來幫助我。答案：tofinishinWiththeaidofcametomyaid考點4：achievementn.成就,功績【語塊積累】asenseofachievement成就感makeagreatachievement取得偉大的成就achieve/realiseone’sdream/aim實現(xiàn)某人的夢想/目標例4．【單句填空】(1)語法填空①Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreat____________(achieve)inenvironmentalprotection.②Thisprojectrequirescloseteamwork.Nothing______________(achieve)unlessweworkwelltogether.

③Hislazinessmakesitimpossibleforhim_________(achieve)success.

(2)He________________________hisscientificresearch.

他在科研工作中取得了巨大的成就。答案：achievementswillbeachievedtoachievemadegreatachievementsin考點5：majoradj.重要的,主要的【語塊積累】majorityn.大多數(shù)majorinsth主修(大專院校的)科目themajorityof大多數(shù)inthemajority占大多數(shù)minoradj.少數(shù)的minorityn.少數(shù)intheminority占少數(shù)IthinkthemajorityofAmericansagreewiththat.我想大多數(shù)美國人是同意那個觀點的。例5．【單句填空】(1)語法填空①MaryisanEnglishmajorstudentandshealsomajors__Chinese.②Onethirdofthecountry__coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens___(be)nativeAmericans.(2)________________agreewithyou.

我們絕大多數(shù)與你意見一致。答案：inisareThemajorityofus考點6：treatmentn.治療;療法【語塊積累】treatsblike/as...把某人當……看待treatsthseriously認真對待某事treatsb/oneselfto用……款待某人/自己undertreatment正在治療It’smytreat.我請客。例6．【單句填空】①Youmustlearntoadjustyourself__thecountrylife.②Someschoolswillhavetomake___________(adjust)inagreementwiththenationalsoccerreform.③Ittookthebabyawhiletoadjustto_______(sleep)alone.答案：toadjustmentssleeping考點7:forgivev.原諒,寬恕【語塊積累】(1)forgivesb.for(doing)sth.原諒某人(做)某事forgivesb.sth. 原諒某人某事forgiveandforget 既往不咎,不計前嫌(2)forgiveness n.原諒ask/begforforgiveness 請求原諒例7．【單句填空】①Shehasforgivenyou___thewrongsdonetoherbyyou.②Heaskedfor__________(forgive)forwhathehaddonewrong.(2)________________________,butIreallydon’tagreewithyou.

原諒我打斷一下,但我真的不同意你的意見。經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu)·情景破考點8.Onleavingschool,WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.【用法】句式分析：句型公式:upon/on+n./doing...表示“一……就……”,相當于assoonas引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句歸納拓展表示“一……就……”還有以下幾種表達:(1)immediately/directly/instantly+從句(2)themoment/minute/instant+從句(3)nosooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時,如果nosooner或hardly位于句首,主句需用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu))【經(jīng)典例句】①Wehadnosoonerreachedtheairportthantheplanetookoff.我們剛到機場,飛機就起飛了。②TheyleftthecountryforSingaporeassoonasthewarbrokeout.戰(zhàn)爭一爆發(fā),他們就離開了那個國家去了新加坡?！炯磳W(xué)即練】(1)單句填空①On

(see)theteachercomingintotheclassroom,allthestudentsstoodup.②I

(go)homedirectlyIhadfinishedmywork.③Iwanttoseehimthemomenthe

(arrive).(2)句型升級④MoYanhadnosoonersteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.→

theaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.(倒裝句)【答案】seeing2.went3.arrives4.NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagethan考點9.Ryansaysthatthequestiontoaskisnot“Whydon’tIhelp?”,but“HowcanIhelptoday?”……Ryan說他想問的不是“我為什么沒有幫忙”,而是“今天我能怎樣幫忙?”?！揪涫狡饰觥看颂巒ot...but...連接兩個結(jié)構(gòu)相似、功能相同的句子成分。這種結(jié)構(gòu)否定but前的內(nèi)容,肯定but后的內(nèi)容。Whatmakeshisparentsworriedisnothisgradesbutthathehasn’tanyinterestinlearning.讓他父母擔心的不是他的成績而是他對學(xué)習不感興趣。Thegiftyougiveisnotsomethingyourlovedonekeepsbutavoluntarycontributiontowardsthelivesofpeoplewhoreallyneedit.你送的禮物不是給你所愛的人留念的,而是給那些的確有需要的人的一項生活上的無償捐助。【句式拓展】not...but...連接主語時,謂語動詞遵循就近一致原則。類似用法的有:neither...nor...既不……也不……;either...or...不是……就是……;notonly...butalso...不僅……而且……;therebe句型【即學(xué)即練】用be動詞的適當形式填空1.Notyoubutshewantedonthetelephone.電話里找的是她而不是你。2.Notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctorverykindtothepatients.護士和醫(yī)生都對病人非常和藹。Step3考點過關(guān)一、根據(jù)漢語意思填寫單詞（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1.Thecompanywillprovide____________(臨時的)accommodationforitsemployees.2.Coralisvery_________(敏感的)tochangesinwatertemperature.3.Agentlemanpassesand_________(猶豫)foramoment.4.Thelittlegirlaskedmeto_________(幫助)hertopickupaflowerforher.5.Itwasannouncedthatthetimeswereprovisionalandsubjectto_________(確認).6.Iampleasedtoknowmyclassmateshavemadegreat_________(成就)inwriting.7.Thedoctortriedto_________(治療)hisdiseasewithmusic.8.Hestoodonthepavement,memorizingthe_________(登記;注冊)number.9.Sheholdsa_________(證書)inhumanresourcemanagementfromSanFranciscoStateUniversity.10.Thegovernmenthasthreatenedtotake_________(軍事的,軍隊的)actioniftherebelsdonotwithdrawfromthearea.1.temporary2.sensitive3.hesitates4.assist5.confirmation6.achievements7.treat8.registration9.certificate10.military二、用單詞的適當形式完成句子（本題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1.MrsWhiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps________(borrow)fromthelibrary.2.Theprofessor________(give)usalecturenowcomesfromPekingUniversity.3.Theplayers________(select)fromthewholecountryareexpectedtobringushonorintheimportantbasketballmatch.4.Thetownhall________(complete)inthe1800swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.5.Mostofthepeople________(invite)totheconferenceweremyoldfriends.6.Havingnevermetwithsucha________(puzzle)problem,hedidn’tknowhowtosolveit.7.Withsomuchhomework________(finish),hehastostayintheclassroom.

8.Thewitness________(question)bythepolicejustnowgaveaverydifferentdescriptionofthefight.9.Therehasstillbeennoofficial(confirm)ofthereport,sowedon'tknowifitistrue.

10.Thespeaker,________(know)forherwonderfulspeeches,willdeliveralectureinourschoolnextweek.1.borrowed2.giving3.selected4.completed5.invited6.puzzling7.tofinish8.questioned9.confirmation10.known三、選用適當?shù)膯卧~或短語補全句子（共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）madeadifference,risetoone’sfeet,indanger,keeprecordsof,earnone’sliving,atonepoint,passaway,serveas,1.Whattheteachersaid______________tomyfuture.

2.Allofuswillstrugglefairlyhardtosurviveifweare_____________.

3.Heunfortunately______________lastyearduetohiscancer.

4.Inaway,I’mgladyoumadethatmistake,foritwill______________awarningtoyou.

5.Myideaisthattheyshould______________whattheyhavedone.

6.____________wequarreledoversomethingsilly.

7.Evenifyoufalldownmanytimes,youshould______________withouthesitation.

8.Nowheisindependentofhisparentsandcan______________forhimself.

9.Keepitinmind,andgraduallywecangainthisgoodlearninghabitand______________it.

10.Iwonderiftheschoolcouldplacemoredustbinsaroundand______________specificrulesagainstsuchbehaviour.

1.madeadifference2._indanger3.passedaway4.serveas5.keeprecordsof6.Atonepoint7.risetoyourfeet8.earnhisliving9.benefitfrom10.setup四、完成句子。(共10小題：每小題1分，滿分10分)1.Thedoctoris___________(給他治療)hiscough.2.I__________(偶然碰到)anoldfriendinthesupermarketyesterday.3.________(為了幫助)her,IhavespentmuchtimeinhelpingherwithherEnglish.4.Someplants_____________(對……敏感)light.Theyprefertheshade.5.WhenItoldhimthetruth,he_____________(毫不猶豫地)ingivingmetwohundredyuan.6.Lackingexperience,Lilywantedmeto_____________(在……方面幫助她)herwork.7.Whathehasdone_____________(使我確信)hisbravery.8.LasttimeIgot129scoresinEnglishandIfelt_____________(成就感).Luckily,myteachersensedmyproblem,tellingmethatasmallthing________(起到重要作用).

Theoperationonhisson’sheartsucceeded,andhe____________(欣慰地笑了).

1._treatinghimfor2.cameacross3._Inaidof4.aresensitiveto5.hadnohesitation6.assistherwith7.confirmedmein8.asenseofachievement9.canmakeabigdifference10.smiledwithreliefStep4語言運用綜合過關(guān)完成句子1.Doyouknowtheboy____(lie)underthebigtree?2.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaidangrily_________(point)tothenotice.3Thewoman_____(sell)vegetableshasgone.4.Thewheatiswateredbywater_____(bring)fromapond.5.Heisaleader________(respect)bythepeople.6.______(tell)tostayinBeijing,theboydecidednottoreturnedtohisvillage.7.Welivedinthehouse__________________(我舅舅們修建的).8.Anymedicine________(服用)withouttheadviceofadoctorcancausetrouble.9.Wespenttwohoursdiscussingtheplan__________________(她制定的).10.Mostofthepeople___________________(被邀請參加宴會的)werefamousscientists.Keys：1lying2pointing3selling4brought5respected6Havingbeentold7builtbymyuncles8taken9madebyhim.10invitedtotheparty.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirststep___11___(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路線)byfoot.Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___12___losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation___13___(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.___14___friendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental___15___(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore___16___(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40-dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears.Cao___17___(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,here