2024年中考二模 英語（河北卷）（全解全析）

2024年中考第二次模擬考試（河北卷）英語（全解全析）（考試時間：120分鐘試卷滿分：120分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。聽力部分（30分）=1\*ROMANI.聽句子，選出句子中所包含的信息(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)1.A.hurt B.art C.part【答案】A【原文】Ihurtmyselfplayingsoccerthedaybeforeyesterday.2.A.thickblouse B.thickcloud C.thickcrowd【答案】B【原文】Thethickcloudoverthecitypredictsthecomingofabigstorm.3.A.150centimeterstall B.8kilometerslong C.10metershigh【答案】C【原文】Wewalkupthreefloors,whichisabouttenmetershigh.4.A.SeasonsinAustraliaandChinaarethesame.B..Australia’sspringisChina’ssummer.C.SeasonsinAustraliaandChinaarenotthesame.【答案】C【原文】SeasonsinAustraliaaredifferentfromseasonsinChina.5.A.Jenny’sbagisfilledwithbooks.B.Jenny’sbagisfullofapples.C.Jenny’sbagisempty.【答案】A【原文】TherearemanybooksinJenny’sbag.II.聽句子，選出該句的最佳答語（共5小題：每小題1分，滿分5分）6.A.You’rewelcome. B.Itdoesn’tmatter. C.Withpleasure.【答案】A【原文】Thankyouforlendingmethestorybook.7.A.Yes,Ido. B.No,Idon’t. C.It’sboring.【答案】C【原文】Howdoyoulikethemovie?8.AShe’sanurse. B.She’stall. C.She’squiet.【答案】A【原文】Whatdoesyoursisterdo,Lindy?9.A.Me,too. B.Don’tbeafraid. C.Whatapity!【答案】B【原文】I’mafraidIcan’tgototheconcertwithyou?10.A.Goodidea. B.Sure. C.That’sallright.【答案】B【原文】Excuseme,butwouldyoupleaseshowmeyourticket?III.聽對話和問題，選擇正確答案（共8小題：每小題1分，滿分8分）11.Whatcan’twedowhenwecrosstheroad?A. B. C.【答案】A【原文】M:It’sverydangeroustolookatthemobilephonewhenwewalkacrossthestreet.W:You’reright.Wecan’tbetoocarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.Question11:Whatcan’twedowhenwecrosstheroad?12.Whatdoesthewomanadvise?A. B. C.【答案】B【原文】M:WeareplanningaNationalFirePreventionDaythisweekend.Doyouhaveanyadvice?W:You’dbetterputupsignsaroundtheschooltotellallthestudentsaboutthat.Question12:Whatdoesthewomanadvise?Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Haveameeting. B.Gotobedearlier. C.Watchafootballmatch.【答案】C【原文】W:Youlooktired.What’sthematter?M:Iwatchedafootballmatchtill12o’clocklastnight.W:Youshouldgotosleepearliertonight.M:ButImustwatchanotherimportantfootballmatch.Question:13.Whatwillthemandotonight?聽第七段對話，完成第14至第15小題。14.Whoistheshortestofthethreeboys?A.Tom. B.Bill. C.Rick.15.WhatdoesTomlikeplayingbetter?A.Basketball. B.Volleyball C.Soccer【答案】14.B15.C【原文】W:Bill,Whoisthetallestofyouthree?M:Brakeistallerthanme,butTomistallerthanustwo.W:Then,Tommustbegoodatplayingbasketball.M:No.Helikesplayingsoccerbetter.Question14:Whoistheshortestofthethreeboys?Question15:WhatdoesTomlikeplayingbetter?聽下面的對話，回答第1至3小題．16.Whenisthebasketballgame？A.NextTuesday．B.NextMonday．C.NextFriday．17.WillPetergotowatchthebasketballgamewithSusan？A.Yes，hewill．B.No，hewon't．C.Yes，heis．18.IsPetergoingtohaveanEnglishtestnextMondayornextTuesday？A.NextMonday．B.NextTuesday．C.Neither．【答案】16.B17.B18.B【原文】W:Hi,Peter!IknowthatyoulikewatchingbasketballgamesalotM:You'rerightSusan.W:Oh,there'sgoingtobeabasketballgamenextMondayinyourschool.Ithinkitmustbeexciting.Let'swatchittogetherPeter.M:I'dloveto,butIcan't.ThereisgoingtobeanEnglishtestnextTuesday.Ihavetostayathometostudyforit.W:Oh,youreallyworkhard.Ihopeyoucangetagoodgrade.M:Thankyou.Pleasedon'tforgettotellmetheresultaboutthegameW:Okay.Question16：Whenisthebasketballgame？Question17：WillPetergotowatchthebasketballgamewithSusan？Question18：IsPetergoingtohaveanEnglishtestnextMondayornextTuesday？IV.聽短文和問題，選擇正確答案（共7小題；每小題1分，滿分7分）19.HowoftendidJennygotothesingingclubinherfirstyear?A.Onceaweek. B.Twiceaweek. C.Threetimesaweek.20.WhichcitydidLilymoveto?A.NewYork. B.Paris. C.London.21.WhatsubjectdoesJennylikebestnow?A.Science. B.Maths. C.Geography.【答案】19.B20.B21.A【原文】MynameisJenny.Mytimeinjuniorhighschoolhasbeenenjoyable.Inthefirstyear,Ididn’tstudyveryhard.Ijoinedmanydifferentschoolclubs.ImetLilyinthesingingclub.Wewenttotheclubtwiceaweek.ButshemovedtoParisanditmademesad.WhenIwasinGrade8,Istudiedharder.Butmysciencewaspoor.Myscienceteacher,Mr.Cooper,helpedmealot.Myscienceimprovedgreatlyanditismyfavoritesubjectnow.Thisyear,IstudyevenharderandIhavemanyexamstotake.Ihavelittletimetogototheclubs.IonlygotothechessclubonFridayafternoon.ButIthinkmylifeiscolorful.Question19：HowoftendidJennygotothesingingclubinherfirstyear?Question20：WhichcitydidLilymoveto?Question21：WhatsubjectdoesJennylikebestnow?22.WhereisLiWenfrom?A.Fromtheschool. B.Fromthecity. C.Fromthecountryside.23.WhatdidLiWentellhisteacheroneday?A.Hewantedtoleavetheschool.B.Hewantedtogohome.C.Hewantedtogototown.24.WhatadvicedoesLiWen’steachergivehisparents?A.Theteacheradvisedthemtoaccompany（陪伴）theirson.B.Theteacheradvisedthemtotalkwiththeirsoninperson.C.Theteacheradvisedthemtolovetheirson.25.HowmanyhourstotallydidittakeLiWen’sparentstogettohisschool?A.24hours. B.5hours. C.29hours.【答案】22C23.A24.B25.C【原文】LiWenisanormal15-year-oldboyfromthecountryside.Heworksveryhardanddoeswellinschool.Itishardtobelievethatheusedtohavedifficultiesinschool.Whenhisparentsmovedtothecitytowork,theycouldnotbeathometotakecareofhim.Buthemissedhisparentssomuchandheoftenfeltlonelyandunhappy.LiWen’sunhappinessbegantoinfluencehisschoolwork.Hebecamelessinterestedinstudyingandmissedclasses.Thenhisparentsdecidedtosendhimtoboardingschool.Hefoundlifetheredifficult.Onedayhetoldhisteacherhewantedtoleavetheschool.Histeacheradvisedhisparentstotalkwiththeirsoninperson.Sohisparentstooka24-hourtrainanda5-hourbusridetogettoLiWen’sschool.Thisconversationchangedhislife.Herealizedthathisparentswouldalwayslovehim,andtheywouldbeproudofeverythinggoodthathedid.Nowheismuchhappierandmoreoutgoingthanheusedtobe.Question22：WhereisLiWenfrom?Question23：WhatdidLiWentellhisteacheroneday?Question24：WhatadvicedoesLiWen’steachergivehisparents?Question25：HowmanyhourstotallydidittakeLiWen’sparentstogettohisschool?=5\*ROMANV.聽短文填空(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)InformationSheet★Whenwearewithourfriends,weshouldtrytomakethem____26____tous.★Don’taskpersonalquestions,oryourfriendsmaybe____27____andwalkaway.★Listeningisan____28____partwhenyouarewithfriends.★____29____languagecanshowthatyou’relistening.★Somepeoplehavethesameinterestsand____30____asyou.【答案】26.closer27.unhappy28.important29.Body30.hobbies【原文】True

friends

are

not

easy

to

find,

so

we

should

do

our

best

to

find

a

real

friendship

and

keep

it.

When

we

are

with

our

friends,

we

should

try

to

make

them

closer

to

us.

Smiling

is

one

of

the

easiest

ways.

People

like

to

see

happy

faces

greeting

them.When

we

talk

to

someone,

ask

questions

to

help

him

or

her

keep

talking.

Don’t

ask

personal

questions,

or

they

may

feel

unhappy

and

want

to

walk

away.

Listening

is

an

important

part

when

you

are

with

friends.

You

should

listen

carefully

to

what

people

are

saying,

and

answer

in

the

right

way.

Body

language

can

show

that

you’re

listening.Some

people

have

the

same

interests

and

hobbies

as

you.

It’s

easier

to

make

friends

with

them.

You

may

spend

hours

talking

about

the

same

interests

you

have.Friendship

may

last

for

all

our

life.

We

should

try

to

keep

it

long.筆試部分（共90分）=6\*ROMANVI、單項選擇(10小題，每小題1分，共10分)31.—Whydidyourfamilybuyasecond-handcar?—Wecouldn'taffordanewone,butevenanoldoneisbetterthan________.A.no B.none C.either D.neither【答案】B【解析】句意：——你的家人為什么買一輛二手車？——我們買不起新的，但即使是舊的也比沒有好。A.沒有，修飾名詞；B.沒有一個人或物，代詞；C.兩者中的任何一個；D.兩者都不。此處需用代詞，故選B。32.Theboyoftenbuyssomethingtoeat_____thewayhome.A.from B.in C.on D.at【答案】C【解析】句意：這個男孩經(jīng)常在回家的路上買東西吃。A.from從；B.in在......里；C.on在......上；D.在(某時間或時刻);在(學習或工作地點)。onthewayhome在回家的路上，固定短語，符合題意。故選C。33.—Ourmonitor,LinHaikeepsallhisthingsingoodorder.

—That'strue.He'sso______andweshouldlearnfromhim.A.organized B.creative C.generous D.modest【答案】A【解析】句意：——我們的班長林海把他的一切事情都安排得井井有條。——那是真的。他很有條理，我們應該向他學習。A.organized有條理的；B.creative有創(chuàng)造力的；C.generous慷慨的；D.modest謙虛的。根據(jù)keepsallhisthingsingoodorder可知，“organized有條理的”符合句意，故選A。34.Mr.Smith_______

beintheoffice.BecausehehasgonetoChengduonbusiness.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.can't D.needn't【答案】C【解析】句意：史密斯先生不可能在辦公室。因為他去成都出差了。mustn't不允許；shouldn't不應該；can't不可能；needn't不必。根據(jù)BecausehehasgonetoChengduonbusiness"因為他去成都出差了"可知，他不可能在辦公室．表示否定推測用can't。故選C。35.—Mum,canyouhelpmewithmyhomework?

—I'msorry.Ican'thelpyouatthemoment.I______dinner.A.cook B.cooks C.amcooking D.cooked【答案】C【解析】句意：——媽媽，你能幫我做一下作業(yè)嗎？——對不起。現(xiàn)在我不能幫你。我在做晚餐?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ican'thelpyouatthemoment.”可知現(xiàn)在不能幫忙，因為現(xiàn)在正在做晚飯，用現(xiàn)在進行時。故選C。36.—Howmuchdoyou_______onthisnewcoat?

—Notmuch.Itcostmeonly200yuan.A.pay B.cost C.take D.spend【答案】D【解析】句意：——你買這件新外套花了多少錢？——不多。它只花了我200元。A.pay該詞的主語是某人，具體用法是：某人pay金錢forsth.；B.cost該詞的主語是某物，具體用法是：某物cost某人金錢；C.take該詞的主語是It，具體用法是：Ittakes/took

sb.sometime

todosth.；D.spend該詞的主語是某人，具體用法是：某人spend時間/金錢onsth./doingsth.句子主語是you，后面有on，因此spend符合此空。故選D。37.Youshouldwear_____whenyouareinvitedtoaparty.（）A.mainly B.properly C.really D.probably【答案】B【解析】句意：當你被邀請參加聚會時，你應該穿著得體。A主要地；B恰當?shù)?；C真正地；D很可能地；根據(jù)when

you

are

invited

to

a

party.當你被邀請參加聚會時；可知前文是表達"你應該穿著得體"。

故選：B。38.Goodnews!Afashionshowwillbe________thisSunday.Wouldyouliketocomewithme?A.putup B.putoff C.putdown D.puton【答案】D【解析】句意：好消息本周日，將舉辦一場時裝秀。你愿意跟我一起去嗎？A.搭建；B.推遲；C.放下；D.舉辦；39.—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!

—Yes.OurITteacher______it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A.hasfixed B.willfix C.isfixing D.wasfixing【答案】A【解析】句意：——我們的電腦又能工作了！——是的。我們的IT老師把它修好了。這花了他大約一個小時。根據(jù)句意，表示動作已經(jīng)完成且對現(xiàn)在造成的結果，應用現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone。故選A。40.IfelthappybecauseI________tobethehost.A.choose B.amchosen C.waschosen D.havechosen【答案】C【解析】句意：我感到很開心因為我被選為主持人了。A.choose選擇，動詞原形；B.amchosen一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)；C.waschosen一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；D.havechosen現(xiàn)在完成時。結合題意，主語I和動詞choose之間是被動語態(tài)，這里指的是我被選為主持人，句子用被動語態(tài)，由felt可知句子是一般過去時，主語I是第一人稱單數(shù)，因此be動詞用am的過去式was，choose用過去分詞chosen。=7\*ROMANVII、完形填空(10小題，每小題1分，共10分)Ifyou'reaforeigntravelerfindingyourselflostinSanlitun，ZhangJianna，asanitationworker（環(huán)衛(wèi)工人）mightbecomeyourhelpfulguide.

Withonlyahighschooleducation，Zhang，once__41____asarestaurantserver.In2012，shetookontheroleofasanitationworker.Onemorning，aforeignercameuptoher，andsaidalotof___42___words.Zhangdidn'tunderstandanythingandstoodthere，notknowinghowtoanswer.Theforeignernoticedherembarrassment，sohe____43__thecleanstreets，gaveathumbs-upandsaid，"Good，good!"Zhangsuddenlyrealizedthattheforeignerwas___44___herworkinkeepingthestreetsclean.

Becauseofthis___45___，shemadeuphermindtolearnEnglish.Shethoughtthatwhilecleanstreetsarea（n）___46___partofthecapitalcity'sinternationalimage（形象），activecommunicationwithforeignfriendsisofthesameimportance.

Asaresult，attheageof40，Zhangtookonapersonalchallenge.Withouta___47___，shebegantolearnEnglishfromherchildren'sEnglishbooksbyherself，startingwithbasicwordsusuallyusedforgivingdirections.

Herpoormemorywasherbiggestproblem."LearningEnglishatanolderage，Iwould___48___forgetthewordsIlearnedthenextday，"Zhangsaid."Ihadtoreviewandpracticethemoverandoveragain__49____Irememberedthemcompletely."

"Nevergiveupisthe___50___tolearningEnglish，"Zhangsaid.Uptonow，shehasmemorizedaround3，000Englishwords，whichhelpshercommunicatewithforeigners.41.A.managed B.worked C.played D.treated42.A.terrible B.common C.crazy D.strange43.A.pointedatB.cleanedupC.checkedout D.worriedabout44.A.changing B.introducing C.praising D.reporting45.A.project B.accident C.program D.decision46.A.interesting B.amazing C.important D.difficult47.A.teacher B.student C.friend D.guide48.A.hardly B.mostly C.patiently D.easily49.A.because B.though C.until D.if50.A.plan B.secret C.reason D.result【答案】41.B、42.D、43.A、44.C、45.B、46.C、3、47.A、48.B、49.C、50.B【解析】文本大意：本文主要講述了環(huán)衛(wèi)工人張建娜因為一位外國游客的鼓勵，努力學習英語，并最終成為一名英語向?qū)У墓适隆?1.考查動詞。句意：只有高中學歷的張曾經(jīng)在一家餐館當過服務員。A.管理；B.工作；C.玩，演奏，播放；D.對待。根據(jù)后文的asarestaurantserver（作為一名服務員）可知，此處應是表達"在一家餐館當過服務員"，worked"工作"最符合語境，故選B。

42.考查形容詞。句意：一天早上，一個外國人走到她面前，說了很多奇怪的話。A.可怕的；B.常見的；C.瘋狂的；D.奇怪的。根據(jù)下文Zhangdidn'tunderstandanythingandstoodthere，notknowinghowtoanswer.（張什么也聽不懂，站在那里，不知道該怎么回答。）可知，張聽不懂英語，因而外國人說的話對她來說應是奇怪的，故選D。

43.考查動詞短語。句意：外國人注意到她的尷尬，于是他指著干凈的街道，豎起大拇指說："好，好!"A.指向；B.清理；C.檢查；D.擔憂。根據(jù)上文Theforeignernoticedherembarrassment，（外國人注意到她的尷尬，）以及下文gaveathumbs-upandsaid，"Good，good!"（豎起大拇指說："很好，很好!"）可知，張聽不懂英語，外國人夸贊干凈的街道，應是指著街道，故選A。

44.考查動詞。句意：張突然意識到這個外國人是在稱贊她保持街道清潔的工作。A.改變；B.介紹；C.贊美；D.報道。根據(jù)上文gaveathumbs-upandsaid，"Good，good!"（豎起大拇指說："很好，很好!"）可知，外國人應是夸贊張保持街道清潔的工作，故選C。

45.考查名詞。句意：由于這次意外，她下定決心學英語。A.項目，計劃；B.意外，事故；C.程序；D.決定。上文發(fā)生的事件應是個意外事件，因而此處用accident"意外"更符合語境，故選B。

46.考查形容詞。句意：她認為干凈的街道是首都國際形象的重要組成部分，與外國朋友的積極交流也同樣重要。A.有趣的；B.令人驚奇的；C.重要的；D.困難的。根據(jù)下文activecommunicationwithforeignfriendsisofthesameimportance.（與外國朋友積極交流也同樣重要。）可知，此處應是表達干凈的街道是首都國際形象的"重要的"組成部分，故選C。

47.考查名詞。句意：在沒有老師的情況下，她開始自己從兒童英語書中學習英語，從通常用于指路的基本單詞開始。A.老師；B.學生；C.朋友；D.向?qū)А８鶕?jù)下文shebegantolearnEnglishfromherchildren'sEnglishbooksbyherself（她開始自己從兒童英語書中學習英語）可知，她自己自學，是沒有老師的，故選A。

48.考查副詞。句意：張說："年紀大了學英語，我多半會忘記第二天學的單詞。"A.幾乎不；B.多半，主要地，幾乎全部；C.耐心地；D.簡單地。根據(jù)下文Ihadtoreviewandpracticethemoverandoveragain（我不得不一遍又一遍地復習和練習）可知，應是第二天會忘記多半，因而不得不一遍遍復習和練習，故選B。

49.考查連詞。句意：我不得不一遍又一遍地復習和練習，直到我完全記住它們。A.因為；B.盡管；C.直到；D.如果。根據(jù)兩句句意可知，此處應是until"直到"引導的條件狀語從句，表達一遍又一遍地復習和練習"直到"完全記住，故選C。

50.考查名詞。句意："永不放棄是學習英語的秘訣，"張說。A.計劃；B.秘密，秘訣；C.原因；D.結果。根據(jù)Nevergiveupisthe......tolearningEnglish（永不放棄才是......學習英語）可知，此處應是表達不放棄是學習英語的"秘訣"，secrettodoingsth"做某事的秘訣"更符合語境，故選B。

=8\*ROMANVIII、閱讀理解(15小題，每小題2分，共30分)閱讀下面四篇語言材料，然后按文后要求做題。AEyeHealthCareDailyTips

Healthyhabitsmeanhealthyeyes.Herearesomedailytipsforbettereyehealth.

●Cleanyoureyeswithpurecoldwaterregularly.Thisisoneofthebestwaystokeepeyeshealthy.

●Avoidlookingdirectlyatthesun.

●Rollyoureyesupanddown，thensidetoside.Thenmoveyoureyesinacircularmotion（圓周運動）.Exercise5to10timesadaytorelax.

●Keepagooddistancefromthecomputerscreen--sitabout22—28inches（英寸）awayfromit.

●Visityoureyesdoctoronaregularbasis.

Therearealsosometipsforhealthycontactlens（隱形眼鏡）wearandcaretohelppreventeyeinfections（感染）.51.Accordingtothetips，______canhelprelaxeyes.A.purecoldwater B.directsunlightC.eyemovements D.contactlens52.Itisbestforpeopletosit______awayfromthecomputerscreen.A.5inches B.10inches C.27inches D.29inches53.Youmayfindthismaterialinthecolumnof______inanewspaper.A.culture B.science C.sports D.health【答案】51.C、52.C、53.D【解析】文本大意：文章主要介紹了一些日常眼部保健小貼士。51.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段Rollyoureyesupanddown，thensidetoside.Thenmoveyoureyesinacircularmotion（圓周運動）.（上下轉(zhuǎn)動你的眼睛，然后左右轉(zhuǎn)動。然后轉(zhuǎn)動你的眼睛做圓周運動。）可知，眼部運動有助于幫助放松眼睛。故選C。

52.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Keepagooddistancefromthecomputerscreen--sitabout22—28inches（英寸）awayfromit.（與電腦屏幕保持適當?shù)木嚯x——坐在離屏幕大約22-28英寸的地方。）結合選項可知，C項"約27英寸"符合題意。故選C。

53.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Herearesomedailytipsforbettereyehealth.（以下是一些改善眼睛健康的日常小貼士。）可知，本文可能來自健康雜志。故選D。BChemistryiseverywhereinourdailylife.Sometimesit'seasytosee.Atothertimes，itcanbeveryhardtoseetheeverydaychemistryatwork，butnearlyeverythingyoutouchhassomechemicalsinit.

Chemistryhelpstomakeproductsforuse.Somethingassimpleastoothpastehasatleastthreechemicalsthatkeepyourteethclean.Otherthingsinyourdailylifearecreatedbychemistry，suchashairproductsandsoap.Withoutchemistry，wewouldneverhaveknownthatweneedsoaptogettheoiloutofclothes.

Chemistryalsohelpsusunderstandtheworldaroundus.Thankstochemistry，weknowbleach（漂白劑）can'tbemixedwithvinegar（醋），becausethemixturecanproduceharmfulgas.

Chemistryplaysabigroleinfoodpreparation.Cookingfoodcausesittogothroughachemicalchange.Thatisthereasonwhycookedfoodoftentastesdifferentfromuncookedfood.Toomuchortoolittleofanychemicalmaterialmakesadifferencetotheresultofbaking（烘焙）.Forexample，thecakecanbetoosoftortoohard.

Chemistryisn'tsomethingthatjustlivesinalaboratory；it'ssomethingthatyoumeethundredsoftimesinlife.Knowinghowchemistryworkswillgiveyouagreaterunderstandingofthelife.54.Whatcanthechemicalinsoaphelpus？______A.Tocleantheteeth.B.Tomaketheteethstrong.

C.Tocleantheoiloffclothes.D.Tomaketheclothesnew.55.Fromthethirdparagraph，weknowthat______.A.wecanmixbleachwithvinegarB.themixturecanproduceusefulgas

C.wecan'tmixbleachwithvinegarD.chemistrycan'thelpusmakeproducts56.What'sthemainideaofthepassage？______A.Chemistryandfood.B.Chemistryaroundtheworld.

C.Chemistryandproducts.D.Chemistryineverydaylife.【答案】54.C、55.C、56.D【解析】文本大意：這篇短文主要講述了化學在日常生活中無處不在，即使不易察覺，我們接觸的幾乎所有東西都含有化學物質(zhì)。化學幫助制造各種產(chǎn)品，如牙膏、頭發(fā)護理品和肥皂。化學還幫助我們理解周圍世界，比如知道漂白劑不能與醋混合。在食物準備中，化學起著重要作用，烹飪食物會引起化學變化，影響食物的味道和烘焙結果。文章強調(diào)化學不僅存在于實驗室，了解化學原理能夠幫助我們更好地理解生活。54.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Withoutchemistry，wewouldneverhaveknownthatweneedsoaptogettheoiloutofclothes.（如果沒有化學反應，我們永遠不會知道我們需要肥皂來去除衣服上的油。）可知肥皂中的化學物質(zhì)可以把衣服上的油擦干凈，故選C。

55.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Thankstochemistry，weknowbleach（漂白劑）can'tbemixedwithvinegar（醋），becausethemixturecanproduceharmfulgas.（多虧了化學，我們知道漂白劑不能和醋混合，因為這種混合物會產(chǎn)生有害氣體。）可知我們不能把漂白劑和醋混在一起，故選C。

56.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Chemistryiseverywhereinourdailylife.（化學在我們的日常生活中無處不在。）且通讀全文可知本文主要介紹了化學在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械捏w現(xiàn)與作用，故選D。

CLet'splayalittlegame.

Clearyourmind.Goahead.Clearit.

OK,now,trynottopictureawhitebear.

Failed(失敗)?

OK,let'stryagain.Nowdothecountdownfromthree.Three,two,one!

Ohno!Whitebearagain!

Ifyou'rehavingtroublewiththis,don'tworry.You'renotalone.Infact,theharderyoutrynottothinkofsomething,themoreyouendupthinkingaboutit.

Ithasaname,calledIronicProcessTheory.Socialpsychologist(社會心理學家)DanielWegnerfirststudieditin1987.Thetheory(理論)tellspeople"thoughtcontrolhastheopposite(相反的)effectonbehaviors."So,ifyou'veevertoldyourselfagainandagainnottoplaycomputergamesornottoeattoomuchice-cream,I'msurethiscomesasnosurprise.Soitalmostmakessurethatyourhardworktochangebadhabitsbyresisting(抵抗)willfail.

AfamouspsychologistCarlJungsaid,"Whatyouresistnotonlykeepsstayingtherebutwillgrowinsize."Ifresistingthebadhabitsisnotonlyuselessbutharmful,thenwhatshouldyoudoinstead?

Onewayistochangewhatyouwantonyourownbrain.Itgoeslikethis:whenyouwanttodosomethingthatyoushouldn'tdo,don'tresist.Instead,replace.

Letmegiveyouanexample.MyfriendJackhadastronghabitthathetriedtobreak—hecouldn'tstopeatingjunkfood.Hefoughtwithitforyearsusingthe"resist,resist,resist"waywithresultswecanonlyguessat.Finally,hedecidedtotrysomethingdifferent.Everytimehefeltthatwant,insteadoftryingtofightwithit,hereplacedthewantwithadrinkofwater!Afterawhile,hefoundthatthewantslowlystartedtodisappear(消失),untilheforgotthatitwaseverevenathing.

Ilovethisamazingidea!Gettingadrinkisjustonechoice.Youcouldalsotrypeelinganorange,goingoutside,doingapush-up,takingawalk....Youcouldtrywhateverworksforyou.Itdoesn'tmatterwhatyoudo.Insteadofresistingthebehavior,justdosomethingelse.57.Whydoesthewritertalkaboutalittlegameatthebeginning?A.Toshowhowtoplayagame.B.Totestreaders'mathskill.

C.Tointroduceatheory.D.Tohelpreaderstorelax.58.WhatcanwelearnfromIronicProcessTheory?A.Ithelpspeoplesolvetheirproblemseasily.B.Hardworktoresistbadhabitsisveryuseful.

C.Ittellspeoplewheretheirtroublecomesfrom.D.Badhabitsgetstrongerwhenpeopleresistthem.59.Whatis"Jack'swant"

inthepassage?A.Eatingjunkfood. B.Eatingice-cream.

C.Picturingawhitebear. D.Drinkingsomewater.60.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat________.A.thoughtcontrolcomeswithgoodeffectsonbehaviors.B.doingsomethingelsehelpstochangebadhabits

C.badhabitsdisappearwhenwetrytoforgetthem

D.themoreweresist,thestrongermindwe’llhave【答案】57.C、58.D、58.A、69.B【解析】【文章大意】本文介紹了社會心理學家的一個理論——諷刺進程理論，這個理論告訴我們，我們內(nèi)心想抵制的東西不僅會一直存在，而且會越來越強大，因此不能強行去抵制。

57.根據(jù)開頭的小游戲后的“Ithasaname,calledIronicProcessTheory.”可知，提出開頭的小游戲是為了引出這個理論。故選C。58.根據(jù)游戲后的第二段“thoughtcontrolhastheopposite(相反的)effectonbehaviors”可知當人們抵制壞習慣時，壞習慣會變得更強。故選D。59.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MyfriendJackhadastronghabitthathetriedtobreak—hecouldn'tstopeatingjunkfood.”可知，“Jack'swant”指的是吃垃圾食品。故選A。60.根據(jù)末段“Insteadofresistingthebehavior,justdosomethingelse.”可知，與其抵制這種行為，不如做點別的事情。因此作者可能同意“做一些其他的事情有助于改變壞習慣”這一理念。故選B。DAstheSpringFestivalgettingclose，it'stimetodosomepreparationfromnow.

Differentfromotherfestivals，thetraditionalSpringFestivallasts（持續(xù)）morethanamonth，startingfromthesecondhalfofLaYue（thetwelfthmonth）andthefirsthalfoftheZhengYue（thefirstmonth）ofthelunar（農(nóng)歷）year.Butwhatarethespecialdaysduringthisperiodandwhatdopeopledoonthosedays？Herearesomecustomsthatyoushouldknow，

The24thdayofLaYueinSouthChinaisXiaoNian，the"LittleChineseNewYear，"itmeansthestartoftheSpringFestival.Onthisday，peopleusuallydohousecleaning.It'ssaidthattheyear-endcleaningbringsgoodlucktothecomingyear.Onthe25thday，itisatraditiontomakeandeattofu.Becausethepronunciationof"tofu"issimilartotheword"tóufú"，thefirstfortune（福氣），or"tóufù"，thefirstwealth.SoeatingtofuhasbecomepopularamongChinesepeople.The26thdayisthedaytocookmeat，usuallymuttonorpork，celebratingthecomingofthenewyear.Onthe27thday，peoplewashclothesandtakeagoodshower.Theseactivitiesmeanwashingawayallthebadluckandillness.Itisatraditiontopreparedough（面團）onthe28thday.

BecausemanykindsoftraditionalfoodduringtheSpringFestivalsuchasdumplingsaremadeofdough.Thisalsomeanspreparingplentyoffoodforthewholefamily.The29thdayisimportant，peopleinmostareasgetupearlyandhonortheirancestors.Itisbecausethepreparationsforthefestivalarealmostfinished，soit'stimetoinvitetheancestorsbackhomefortheNewYear.Finally，it'stheSpringFestivalEve.61.HowlongdoesthetraditionalSpringFestivalusuallylast？A.Aday. B.Aweek. C.Amonth. D.Aseason.62.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheSpringFestival？A.ThefirstdayofLaYueisXiaoNian.

B.Eatingtofumeanswashingawaybadluck.

C.AllfoodsduringtheSpringFestivalaremadeofdough.

D.Thepreparationsarealmostfinishedonthe29thdayofLaYue.63.WhatisthecorrecttimeorderofactivitiesbeforetheSpringFestival？①eattofu②cookmeat③preparedough④honorancestors⑤dohousecleaning⑥washclothesandtakeashowerA.①→②→③→④→⑤→⑥ B.⑤→③→⑥→④→①→②

C.⑤→①→②→⑥→③→④ D.⑥→⑤→③→②→①→④64.What'sthemainideaofthepassage？A.WhattodoaftertheSpringFestival.B.WhattodobeforetheSpringFestival.

C.WheretogobeforetheSpringFestival.D.WhattobuyaftertheSpringFestival.65.Whatisthepassageprobablygoingtotalkaboutnext？A.The30thdayofLaYue.B.The31stdayofZhengYue.

C.TheSpringFestivalinothercountries.D.TheNewYear'sDayinothercultures.【答案】61.C、62.D、63.C、64.B、65.A【解析】文本大意：隨著春節(jié)的臨近，人們開始做準備。春節(jié)不同于其他節(jié)日，傳統(tǒng)上持續(xù)超過一個月，從農(nóng)歷臘月下半月開始，到正月上半月結束。在這期間有幾個特殊的日子，人們有不同的習俗。南方的臘月二十四是小年，意味著春節(jié)的開始，人們會做大掃除以求來年好運。臘月二十五吃豆腐，象征第一財富。二十六日煮肉慶祝新年。二十七日洗衣服洗澡，寓意洗去不幸和疾病。二十八日準備面團，因為春節(jié)期間許多傳統(tǒng)食物如餃子都需要面團。二十九日，大部分地區(qū)的人們會早起祭祖，因為節(jié)日準備工作幾乎完成，是時候邀請祖先回家過年了。最后就是除夕夜。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Differentfromotherfestivals，thetraditionalSpringFestivallasts（持續(xù)）morethanamonth（與其他節(jié)日不同，傳統(tǒng)的春節(jié)持續(xù)一個多月）可知，傳統(tǒng)的春節(jié)通常持續(xù)一個月。故選C。

62.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段The29thdayisimportant，peopleinmostareasgetupearlyandhonortheirancestors.（29日是重要的一天，大多數(shù)地區(qū)的人們都會早起祭祖。）可知。臘月二十九日，各項準備工作已接近尾聲。故選D。

63.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段The24thdayofLaYueinSouthChinaisXiaoNian，the"LittleChineseNewYear，"itmeansthestartoftheSpringFestival.Onthisday，peopleusuallydohousecleaning.It'ssaidthattheyear-endcleaningbringsgoodlucktothecomingyear.Onthe25thday，itisatraditiontomakeandeattofu.Becausethepronunciationof"tofu"issimilartotheword"tóufú"，thefirstfortune（福氣），or"tóufù"，thefirstwealth.SoeatingtofuhasbecomepopularamongChinesepeople.The26thdayisthedaytocookmeat，usuallymuttonorpork，celebratingthecomingofthenewyear.Onthe27thday，peoplewashclothesandtakeagoodshower.（在中國南方，臘月的第24天是小年，這是"中國小年"，意味著春節(jié)的開始。在這一天，人們通常打掃房子。據(jù)說年終大掃除給來年帶來好運。在第25天，做豆腐和吃豆腐是一種傳統(tǒng)。因為"豆腐"的發(fā)音與"tóufú"一詞相似，第一筆福氣，或"tóufù"，第一財富。所以吃豆腐在中國人中很流行。第26天是烹飪?nèi)忸惖娜兆?，通常是羊肉或豬肉，以慶祝新年的到來。在第27天，人們洗衣服，好好洗個澡。）以及最后一段The29thdayisimportant，peopleinmostareasgetupearlyandhonortheirancestors.（29日是重要的一天，大多數(shù)地區(qū)的人們都會早起祭祖。）可知，正確順序是⑤→①→②→⑥→③→④。故選C。

64.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Butwhatarethespecialdaysduringthisperiodandwhatdopeopledoonthosedays？Herearesomecustomsthatyoushouldknow，（但是，在這段時間里，有哪些特別的日子？人們在這些日子里會做什么這里有一些你應該知道的習俗）可知，春節(jié)前該做什么。故選B。

65.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段The29thdayisimportant，peopleinmostareasgetupearlyandhonortheirancestors.Itisbecausethepreparationsforthefestivalarealmostfinished，soit'stimetoinvitetheancestorsbackhomefortheNewYear.Finally，it'stheSpringFestivalEve.（29日是重要的一天，大多數(shù)地區(qū)的人們都會早起祭祖。這是因為節(jié)日的準備工作快結束了，所以是時候邀請祖先回家過年了。終于到了春節(jié)前夕。）可知，這篇文章接下來可能會談論臘月三十日。故選A。=9\*ROMANIX、任務型閱讀(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)LastMonday，therewasaChinesepapercuttingc