廣東省梅州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（含答案）VIP

廣東省梅州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期7月期末考試英語(yǔ)試題一、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分20分）閱讀下列短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。OurschoolislookingforpaidmemberstositontheStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering.TheBoardplaysanimportantroleininfluencingthedevelopmentanddeliveryofthevolunteeringservice.Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudentsandteachersatschool.Volunteering,whichhasthepotentialtocreatepositivesocialimpact,iskeytoschool.TheBoardwillensurethatstudents'needsareatthecoreoftheservicesothatallKing'sstudentscanmakeadifference.Thisyear,theStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering'stopicsinclude:●Volunteeringopportunitiesforthedisabled.●PromotionoftheBoard'sservice.●Howtorecognizeandrewardvolunteers.●CommentontheBoard'swork.Thisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatschool,nomatterhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.TheBoardwillberunbothonlineandin-person,andboardmemberswillbepaidtheLondonLivingWage（￡11.95perhour）viaKing'sTalentBank.Theapplicationdeadlineis23:59onFriday,31stJuly2024.Applyviatheformbelow,usingyourschoolemailaddress.1．WhatdoestheBoardaimtodoforthoseatschool?A．Performvoluntarywork.B．Providelearningopportunities.C．Discovervolunteeringchances.D．Meettheiracademicneeds.2．Whichofthefollowingisapossibletopicforthisyear'sarrangement?A．Trainingvoluntaryworkers.B．Takingcareofpeoplewithdisabilities.C．RunningtheBoardonline.D．CommentontheBoard'sperformance.3．WhocanapplytobeamemberoftheBoardatKing's?A．Theteachers.B．Thestudents.C．Thegraduates.D．Theworkingstaff.閱讀下列短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。MyBiggestChallengeAsawriteronanadventuresportsmagazine,I'dalwaysfoughtshyofdoingtheadventurousstuffmyself,第1頁(yè)preferringinsteadtoobservetheexpertsfromasafedistanceandrelaytheirexperiencestoreadersintheformofwrittenlanguage.Thus,whenIwaschallengedtotakepartinamountainclimbinaidofraisingmoneyforcharityandtowriteaboutitafterwards.Iwasunwilling,tosaytheleast.IwasluckyenoughtohaveabrilliantclimbingcoachcalledKeith,whoputmethroughmypacesaftermydailywork.Hegavemeknowledgeabouteverythingfromtheimportanceofbuildingmusclegroupstohowtoavoidtirednessthroughnutrition.ItquicklybecameapparentthatthemechanicsofclimbingweremorecomplexthanIhadimagined.TherewastheequipmentandtechniquesI'dneverevenheardof,allofwhichwouldcomeinhandyonthesnow-cappedpeakI'dbeclimbing.Awareofthechallenge,KeithmadeadetailedactionplanandIforcedmyselftosticktoit,doingadailyworkoutatthegymandgoingonhikeswithaheavypack.Iperfectedmytechniqueontheclimbingwallandevenwenttoclimbthemountainstogetvitalexperience.Myself-beliefincreasedalongsidemymusclepowerandIbecameconfidentaboutfinishingtheclimb.AlltoosoonIwasonaplanetomydestination.Onthatday,whenIlookedupatthemountain,Ithoughtofabandoningit.ButthenIrememberedallthehardworkI'ddoneandhowdisappointedKeithwouldbeifIgaveupatthelastminute-nottomentionlettingdownthecharityandthesenseoffailureI'dexperiencemyself.WithadeepbreathIgatheredmyequipmentandheadedoutintothesunshinetomeettherestofthegroup.AndasIsitherenow,tappingawayonmylaptop,I'mamazedatthedetailsinwhichIcanrecalleverysecondoftheclimb:theburningmuscles,thetiredness,theminorproblemsalongtheway.CouldIhavebeenbetterprepared?Possibly.WouldIbebackforanothergo?Thankfullynot.ThefeelingofbeingexcitedwhenIstoodontopoftheworldisanever-to-be-repeatedexperiencebutoneIwillenjoyforevernevertheless.4．Atthebeginningoftheactivity,theauthorrevealedhis____.A．disappointmentinthecomingadventure.B．expectationofwritingabouthisexperience.C．lackofenthusiasmforthechallengehe'dbeenoffered.D．curiosityabouttakingpartinthemountainclimbforcharity.5．Whatdidtheauthorrealizeduringhisclimbtraining?A．Theknowledgeaboutclimbingwasreallyconfusing.B．Theequipmentwasthekeyfactortoreachthepeak.C．Climbingwasmuchmorecomplicatedthanexpected.D．Hardtrainingwasfarmoreimportantthanmakingplans.6．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhesucceededinclimbingthemountain?A．Hewasrelievedthathewouldn'thavetodoitagain.第2頁(yè)B．Hewaswellsatisfiedthathehaddonehisbestforit.C．Hewassurprisedthathehadmanagedtocompleteit.D．Hewasregretfulthatitwasn'tassmoothasimagined.閱讀下列短文，從每小題后所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Accordingtonewstudies,manybirdsintheAmazonrainforesthavebecomesmallerastemperatureshaveincreased.Thedifferencehasn'tbeenobvious,butithasbeensignificantenoughthatsomescientistshavesuggestedit'sauniversalresponsetoclimatechange.Butnewresearchfindsthatthebodysizereductionsaren'thappeningacrosstheboardwithsomelarge-brainedbirdshavingmuchlesssignificantchanges.Forthestudy,researchersstudiedsomedataonabout70,000birdsthathaddiedwhentheycrashedintobuildingsinChicagofrom1978to2016.Theyaddeddataonbrainvolumeandlifespan（壽命）for49ofthe52speciesofmigratorybirds（候鳥(niǎo)）intheoriginalstudy.Theyfoundthatbirdswithverylargebrainshadreductionsinoverallbodysizethatwereaboutone-thirdofthereductionsnotedinbirdswithsmallerbrains.Theythoughtthatinbirds,thespecieswithbigbrainsaretheonesthatbuildtools,managetosurviveintoughenvironments,livelonger,investmoretimeandenergyintoraisingbabies,andendupsurvivingbetterinthewild.Researchersaren'tcertainexactlyhowwarmertemperaturesmightleadtodecreasingbodysizeinbirds,buttheyareconsideringtwopossibleexplanations,whichcouldevenbehappeningatthesametime.First,naturalselectionmightbefavoringbirdsthatcandissipateheatbetter.Thisisbecausesmallerbirdshavehigherratios（比例）ofsurfaceareatovolume,sobeingsmallcanhelpbirdsstaycool.Second,warmersummersmighthavelessfoodavailableforbirdsatthetimewhentheyarefeedingtheirbabies.Inthatcase,birdsmightbegettingsmallerbecauseofdecreasedfoodovertheyears.Thefindingsdon'tsuggestthatclimatechangeishavingzeroimpactonbigger-brainedbirds,butresearchersbelievethesefindingscaninformusofclimatechangeandhelpsetconservationpriorities.7．Howdoesclimatechangeaffectbirds?A．Theirbrainsizeexpands.C．Theirbodytemperaturerises.8．Howdidthescientistsdotheresearch?A．Byanalyzingthebirddata.B．Theirlifespanshortens.D．Theirbodysizeshrinks.B．Byobservingthebirdsdying.C．Bystudyingthebirddeathrate.D．Byclarifyingthebirdspecies.第3頁(yè)9．Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword"dissipate"inparagraph5?A．a(chǎn)bsorbB．loseC．holdD．use10．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Birds'BodySizesVaryB．BrainSizeMattersforBirdsC．ClimatechangesSharplyD．TemperatureRisesGlobally二、第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Beforetherewasthewrittenword,therewasthelanguageofdance.Danceexpressesloveandhate,joyandsorrow,lifeanddeath,andeverythingelseinbetween.?11．?WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime."Iadoredancing,"saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful.?12．?It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."?13．dances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.?14．So,dowedanceinordertomakeourselvesfeelbetter,calmer,healthier?AndreaHilliersays,"Dance,likethe?"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges."They'relearningtodotraditional?."patternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.?15．hardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive."?IfinditA.Sowhydowedance?B.DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.C.Ifyoulikedancingoutdoors,cometoAmerica.D.IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.E.Myolderstudentssayitmakesthemfeelyoung.F.Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.G.Theystayedupallnightlongsinginganddancing.三、第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Ifacheetah（獵豹）,awolfandawell-trainedhumanallenteredamarathon,whowouldwin?Thecheetahwoulddefinitelytakeanearly16．.Thewolfwouldprobablypassthecheetahafterafewmiles.Butattheendofthe26miles,thehumanwouldbethefirsttocrossthe17．line.第4頁(yè)Humanshaveonlytwolegsbuta（n）staminaneededtorungreatdistances.Andbecausewecansweat,wecancontrolourbodyrun.Whyarewesogoodatrunning?Runningwasnecessaryforearlyhuman20．toplayanimportantroleinhuman18．capacityforrunning.Ourpowerfullungsgiveusthe19．whilewe.Ofcourse,wedon'toftenneedtorunforsurvivalthesedays.Allthesame,runningculturesallovertheworld.21．Marathonrunningisperhapsthebest-knownexampleofhumanrunningbigbusiness.Millionsofpeopleworldwidewatchontelevisionaseliterunners22．23．.Thatisbecauseitisaformillionsofdollars.And,ofcourse,businessesHowdoessomeonebecomeanelitemarathoner?Theanswer.ItenisasmallfarmingtowninKenya'swesternhighlands.Itisalsohometosevenoftheworld'stoptenmarathonwinners.Mostofthemare26．oftheKalenjintribe.Theytendtohave27．bodiesfor24．productssuchasathleticshoesduringthecompetition.25．runnersofKenyaseemtohavefoundtherunning.Theirslimbodies,longlegsandshortwaistsconcentratelegs.28．wherearunnerneedsitmost—theAndbecauseItenis8,000feetabovesealevel,theKalenjini29．a(chǎn)nenormouslungcapacity.Theyneedittogetoxygenoutofthethinair.ThisgivestheKalenjinianimportantracesatloweraltitude.30．whentheycompetein16．A．endB．leadC．startD．jump17．A．finish18．A．limited19．A．balance20．A．conflict21．A．failsB．parallelB．reducedB．performanceB．spiritC．boundaryC．intelligentC．temperatureC．prosperityC．continuesC．speedD．verticalD．incredibleD．guardD．survivalD．declinesD．cultureD．searchB．ceases22．A．innovation23．A．payB．historyB．a(chǎn)ccountB．purchaseB．stubbornB．membersB．fragileC．competeC．a(chǎn)ward24．A．promote25．A．backward26．A．guests27．A．idealD．restrictD．legendaryD．refereesD．flexibleD．oxygenD．deviseC．responsibleC．coachesC．rigid28．A．a(chǎn)ttention29．A．release30．A．edgeB．effortC．powerB．developB．inspirationC．calculateC．impressionD．obstacle四、第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。將答案填寫(xiě)在答題卡的相第5頁(yè)應(yīng)位置。Theneedforspeedissodeeplyrootedinmodernsocietythatweoftenforgettopresspauseandthinkaboutthethingsthatget?31．?（good）withtime:antiques,agedwine,long-termrelationshipsandexpertiseovertheyears.PekingOperaisaslowprocesstoo.Anoften-repeatedsayinggoesasfollows:Threeminutesonstage,10years?32．?stage.It'smeantasanodtoitsdemandingnatureandareminderofitshighstandardsthatensurethatanyperformance?33．PekingOperaisdemandingbecauseoftheextensivelistofskillsit?34．performerisanactor,singer,dancer,acrobat,mimeandmartialartistallrolledintoone.They'realsoexpected??（do）thewaytheforefatherswantedit.?（require）.A35．?（apply）delicatemake-up,putonheavycostumesand,?36．?（depend）ontheircharacter,performonstagein15cmplatformshoes.Thereissomuchtotakein?37．?disciples（學(xué)徒）usuallystarttheircareerasyoungchildren,spendingyearsconditioningtheirbodiesandmindsforthestage.Sowhatchancedoes?38．?theatrebeginnerwithlittlepatienceandzeroflexibilitylikemestandagainstPekingOpera?DoIhavewhatittakestoputona?39．onewaytofindout:I'mrollingupmysleevesandtrainingunderthe?40．mastersinthefield.?（success）show?There'sonly?（guide）ofseniorstage五、第四部分寫(xiě)作（共五節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分70分）第一節(jié)詞匯運(yùn)用（共10小題；每題1分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)括號(hào)里所給的單詞或中文提示，寫(xiě)出句子中所空缺的單詞的正確形式。41．Whenyougetoffthebus,donotforgettotakeallyour?42．Inthefaceofhisphysical??（belong）.?（disable）,thelittleboydoesn'tloseheart.43．Thepoemisaboutthedreamofaworldfreeof??（race）prejudice.44．Whatdoyouusuallydotoget??（refresh）whenyouaretiredorstressedout?45．Ittakesmeonlyafewminutestowalktoschooldowna??（dust）trackcoveredinweeds.46．Theyhavea??（坦率的）andfree-and-easyattitudetowardslife.47．Toreachthegoalofchange,apersonmustshowsome?48．Theselandandsearoutesremainedactive??（自制力）.?（航道）betweenotherculturesforcenturies.49．Governmentsneedtoconsidermaking??（政策）andtakingappropriateactionsandmeasures.50．The??（女售貨員）wasrudetoher,sosherangtherobotandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.六、第二節(jié)完成句子（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)句意和中文提示，用所學(xué)短語(yǔ)的正確形式完成句子。51．生活由許多要素組成，如家庭、朋友、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、娛樂(lè)等。第6頁(yè)Life??manyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,?frommyownexperiencethatwherethereisa?tokeepwarmoncolddays.work,entertainment,andsoon.52．人類(lèi)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)與動(dòng)物和諧相處。Humansshouldlearntolive??animals.53．昨天我從親身經(jīng)歷中得出結(jié)論：有志者，事竟成。YesterdayI?willthereisaway.54．20分鐘以后這艘船將起航前往海南。Theshipwill??andheadforHainanintwentyminutes.55．過(guò)去在農(nóng)村，寒冷的日子里，人們會(huì)生火取暖。Inthepastinthecountryside,peoplewould?七、第三節(jié)課文默寫(xiě)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)中文意思，把對(duì)應(yīng)的課文英語(yǔ)句子默寫(xiě)出來(lái)。56．科學(xué)課是我最具挑戰(zhàn)性的科目，因?yàn)槲业膶W(xué)生沒(méi)有做實(shí)驗(yàn)的概念。57．對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，有大量的時(shí)間可以改變不良習(xí)慣。58．托尼高大英俊，頭發(fā)順滑，嗓音低沉，不過(guò)他的面部表情始終不變。59．他們的友善和熱情讓我無(wú)論走到哪里都有賓至如歸的感覺(jué)。60．我今年19歲，身體健康，精力充沛。八、第四節(jié)書(shū)面表達(dá)（共1小題；滿(mǎn)分15分）61．假定你是李華。你校將舉辦主題為"困境與勇氣"（AdversityandCourage）的英語(yǔ)演講比賽。請(qǐng)給你校的交換生Larry寫(xiě)封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)；2.比賽信息；3.表達(dá)期待。注意：1.寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearLarry,Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua九、第五節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)（滿(mǎn)分25分）62．閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。WhenDylanwasjustsevenyearsold,hemovedtotheUnitedStateswithhismother,Khadine,andhistwin第7頁(yè)youngerbrothers.Thefamilyhopedthattheirnewhomewouldallowthemtostartoverandfindsuccess.However,theirdreamdidn'tworkoutexactlyastheyimagineditwould.Lifeasasinglemothersupportingthreekidsisincrediblydifficult,butKhadinehadaparticularlydifficulttimeafterhertwinsonshadbeendiagnosedwithseriousheartconditions.Asaresult,theboyssufferedfromdangeroussymptomsandrequired24-hourcare.AsKhadinehadtoworkthreejobstosupportherfamilyfinancially,itbecameDylan'sresponsibilitytolookafterhisyoungbrothers.TorelieveMom'sstress,Dylanalsofoundapart-timejobatarecreationcenter.WhileDylanneverconsideredhisfamilytobeaburdentohim,seeinghismotherandbrothersbecomevulnerable（脆弱的）madehimdeterminedtoplanhisfutureoutcorrectly.Hebelievededucationwastheonlywayoutoftheirstruggle,sohemadeapromisetohismotherthathewouldbethefirstoneinthefamilytogotocollege.Forthatpromise,Dylanmadeuseofeachandeveryminutetostudywhiletakingcareofhisbrothers.HesoonbecameanhonorstudentatHenryHighSchoolandtookseveraladvancedclassestokeephisgradesup.TheCollegeofNewJerseywashistopchoice.Hewasdeterminedtoputthatadmissionletterinhismother'shands.However,weeksbeforeDylan'scollegeentranceexam,bothhisfamilyandhisdeterminationweretestedagainwhenKhadinefellillandwasunabletoworkforawhile.Soon,thebillsbecameunmanageableandthelandlordevicted（驅(qū)逐）Dylan'sfamilyafterKhadinecouldn'tpaytherent.Thefamilyhadnochoicebuttoliveintheshelter.Theplacewasn'tanidealplacetostudy.Itwasoftennoisyandcrowded,andthelightswouldgooutatacertaintimeafter11p.m.注意：1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。ButDylancontinuedtofollowhisdream.Weeksafterhisapplication,anenvelopecarryinggoodnewsarrived.第8頁(yè)答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇廣告。宣傳了學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)招聘志愿者的相關(guān)信息?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解答細(xì)節(jié)題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)OurschoolislookingforpaidmemberstositontheStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering.TheBoardplaysanimportantroleininfluencingthedevelopmentanddeliveryofthevolunteeringservice.Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudentsandteachersatschool.我們學(xué)校正在尋找學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)的付費(fèi)成員。委員會(huì)在影響志愿服務(wù)的發(fā)展和提供方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。其目的是為學(xué)校的學(xué)生和教師尋找志愿服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)?？芍獙W(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)打算為在校學(xué)生發(fā)現(xiàn)做志愿者的機(jī)會(huì)；故答案為C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thisyear,theStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering'stopicsinclude:今年，學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)顧問(wèn)委員會(huì)的主題包括:●Volunteeringopportunitiesforthedisabled.●為殘疾人提供志愿服務(wù)的機(jī)會(huì)。●PromotionoftheBoard'sservice.●推廣學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)的服務(wù)?！馠owtorecognizeandrewardvolunteers.●如何認(rèn)可和獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)志愿者?！馛ommentontheBoard'swork.對(duì)學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)的工作發(fā)表評(píng)論?？芍?對(duì)學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)的表現(xiàn)發(fā)表評(píng)論"可能是今年會(huì)議安排的議題；故答案為D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Thisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatschool,nomatterhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.這是一個(gè)獨(dú)特而令人興奮的機(jī)會(huì)，對(duì)所有在校學(xué)生開(kāi)放，無(wú)論你做過(guò)多少志愿者?？芍獙W(xué)生可以申請(qǐng)成為國(guó)王學(xué)院的學(xué)生志愿服務(wù)咨詢(xún)委員會(huì)成員；故答案為B?！敬鸢浮?．C5．C6．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了作者成功登山的故事?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Asawriteronanadventuresportsmagazine,I'dalwaysfoughtshyofdoingtheadventurousstuffmyself,preferringinsteadtoobservetheexpertsfromasafedistanceandrelaytheirexperiencestoreadersintheformofwrittenlanguage.Thus,whenIwaschallengedtotakepartinamountainclimbinaidofraisingmoneyforcharityandtowriteaboutitafterwards.Iwasunwilling,tosaytheleast.作為一名冒險(xiǎn)運(yùn)第9頁(yè)動(dòng)雜志的作者，我總是羞于自己去做冒險(xiǎn)的事情，而寧愿站在安全的距離外觀察專(zhuān)家，并以書(shū)面語(yǔ)言的形式將他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)傳遞給讀者。因此，當(dāng)我被要求參加一次登山活動(dòng)，以幫助慈善機(jī)構(gòu)籌集資金，并在活動(dòng)結(jié)束后寫(xiě)下來(lái)時(shí)。退一步說(shuō)，我不愿意?？芍顒?dòng)一開(kāi)始，作者就透露了自己對(duì)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)缺乏熱情；故答案為C。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ItquicklybecameapparentthatthemechanicsofclimbingweremorecomplexthanIhadimagined.TherewastheequipmentandtechniquesI'dneverevenheardof,allofwhichwouldcomeinhandyonthesnow-cappedpeakI'dbeclimbing.我很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，攀爬的技術(shù)比我想象的要復(fù)雜得多。那里有我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的設(shè)備和技術(shù)，所有這些都將在我將要攀登的雪峰上派上用場(chǎng)?？芍髡咴诘巧接?xùn)練中體會(huì)到攀登比想象的要復(fù)雜得多；故答案為C。6．推理判斷題。根據(jù)AlltoosoonIwasonaplanetomydestination.Onthatday,whenIlookedupatthemountain,Ithoughtofabandoningit.ButthenIrememberedallthehardworkI'ddoneandhowdisappointedKeithwouldbeifIgaveupatthelastminute-nottomentionlettingdownthecharityandthesenseoffailureI'dexperiencemyself.WithadeepbreathIgatheredmyequipmentandheadedoutintothesunshinetomeettherestofthegroup.很快我就登上了飛往目的地的飛機(jī)。那天，當(dāng)我抬頭看著這座山時(shí)，我想放棄它。但后來(lái)我想起了我所做的所有努力，如果我在最后一刻放棄，基思會(huì)多么失望——更不用說(shuō)讓慈善機(jī)構(gòu)失望了，我自己也會(huì)經(jīng)歷失敗的感覺(jué)。我深吸了一口氣，收拾好裝備，走到陽(yáng)光下，與其他隊(duì)員會(huì)合?？芍髡叱晒Φ琼敽?，他松了一口氣，不用再做了；故答案為A。【答案】7．D8．A9．B10．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇研究報(bào)道。報(bào)道了隨著氣溫的升高，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)變得越來(lái)越小?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細(xì)節(jié)理解題，詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題。解答推理判斷題要根據(jù)原文中的信息與選項(xiàng)信息結(jié)合起來(lái)進(jìn)行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨大意題時(shí)需要根據(jù)文章的上下文，結(jié)構(gòu)和選項(xiàng)來(lái)判斷出正確答案。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Accordingtonewstudies,manybirdsintheAmazonrainforesthavebecomesmallerastemperatureshaveincreased.根據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的研究，隨著氣溫的升高，亞馬孫雨林中的許多鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)變得越來(lái)越小?？芍?dú)夂蜃兓乖S多鳥(niǎo)的體型變小了；故答案為D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)Forthestudy,researchersstudiedsomedataonabout70,000birdsthathaddiedwhentheycrashedintobuildingsinChicagofrom1978to2016.Theyaddeddataonbrainvolumeandlifespan（壽命）for49ofthe52speciesofmigratorybirds（候鳥(niǎo)）intheoriginalstudy.在這項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員研究了1978年至2016年在芝加哥撞上建筑物時(shí)死亡的約7萬(wàn)只鳥(niǎo)的第10頁(yè)一些數(shù)據(jù)。他們?cè)谧畛醯难芯恐刑砑恿?2種候鳥(niǎo)中的49種的腦容量和壽命數(shù)據(jù)?？芍茖W(xué)家們通過(guò)分析鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究；故答案為A。9．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文Thisisbecausesmallerbirdshavehigherratios（比例）ofsurfaceareatovolume,sobeingsmallcanhelpbirdsstaycool.這是因?yàn)轶w型較小的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)表面積與體積的比例更高，所以體型小可以幫助鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)保持涼爽?？芍猟issipate的意思為：散失，丟失；故答案為B。10．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段Theyfoundthatbirdswithverylargebrainshadreductionsinoveralbodysizethatwereaboutone-thirdofthereductionsnotedinbirdswithsmallerbrains.Theythoughtthatinbirds,thespecieswithbigbrainsaretheonesthatbuildtools,managetosurviveintoughenvironments,livelonger,investmoretimeandenergyintoraisingbabies,andendupsurvivingbetterinthewild.他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，大腦非常大的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)整體體型的縮小幅度約為大腦較小的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的三分之一。他們認(rèn)為，在鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)中，大腦大的物種是那些制造工具的物種，能夠在惡劣的環(huán)境中生存，壽命更長(zhǎng)，在撫養(yǎng)孩子上投入更多的時(shí)間和精力，最終在野外生存得更好。以及第六段Thefindingsdon'tsuggestthatclimatechangeishavingzeroimpactonbigger-brainedbirds,butresearchersbelievethesefindingscaninformusofclimatechangeandhelpsetconservationpriorities.研究結(jié)果并不表明氣候變化對(duì)腦部較大的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)沒(méi)有任何影響，但研究人員認(rèn)為，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可以告訴我們氣候變化的信息，并有助于確定保護(hù)的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。可知這篇文章的最佳標(biāo)題為：大腦大小對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)很重要；故答案為B?！敬鸢浮?1．B；12．E；13．A；14．F；15．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。講述了舞蹈的意義?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，屬于七選五，解題關(guān)鍵在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示詞或重復(fù)的關(guān)鍵詞，認(rèn)真閱讀選項(xiàng)，選出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢福詈笤偻ㄗx全文進(jìn)行檢查。11．根據(jù)下文WedancefromFloridatoAlaska,fromnorthtosouthandseatosea.Wedanceatweddings,birthdays,officepartiesandjusttofillthetime.我們從佛羅里達(dá)跳到阿拉斯加，從北跳到南，從海跳到海。我們?cè)诨槎Y、生日、公司聚會(huì)上跳舞，只是為了打發(fā)時(shí)間?？芍瞻滋幮枰a(bǔ)充主題句：舞蹈在美國(guó)很流行，很普遍；選項(xiàng)DanceintheU.S.iseverywhere.在美國(guó)，舞蹈無(wú)處不在。符合題意；故答案為B。12．根據(jù)上文"Iadoredancing,"saysLesterBridges,theownerofadancestudioinIowa."Ican'timaginedoinganythingelsewithmylife."Bridgesrunsdanceclassesforallages."Teachingdanceiswonderful."我喜歡跳舞，"愛(ài)荷華州一家舞蹈工作室的老板萊斯特·布里奇斯說(shuō)。"我無(wú)法想象我這輩子還能做什么。"布里奇斯為所有年齡的人開(kāi)設(shè)舞蹈課。"教舞蹈真是太棒了。以及下文It'sgreattowatchthem.Formanyofthem,it'sawayofmeetingpeopleandhavingasociallife."看他們比賽真是太棒了。對(duì)他們中的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一種結(jié)識(shí)朋友、享受社交生活的方式。"可知空白處需要補(bǔ)充學(xué)習(xí)舞蹈的特殊人群：老年人對(duì)舞蹈的熱愛(ài)；選項(xiàng)Myolderstudentssayit第11頁(yè)makesthemfeelyoung.我的老年學(xué)生說(shuō)，這讓他們覺(jué)得自己年輕。符合題意；故答案為E。13．根據(jù)下文"Icantellyouaboutoneyoungcouple,"saysBridges."They'relearningtodotraditionaldances."我可以告訴你一對(duì)年輕夫婦的故事，"布里奇斯說(shuō)。"他們正在學(xué)習(xí)跳傳統(tǒng)舞蹈。"可知空白處需要補(bǔ)充主題句：大家都來(lái)參與跳舞吧；選項(xiàng)Sowhydowedance?那么我們?yōu)槭裁匆枘?符合題意；故答案為A。14．根據(jù)上文They'relearningtodotraditionaldances.Theyarriveattheclassinlowspiritsandtheyleavewithasmile.他們正在學(xué)習(xí)跳傳統(tǒng)舞蹈。他們無(wú)精打采地來(lái)到教室，卻帶著微笑離開(kāi)?？芍瞻滋幮枰Y(jié)論：舞蹈改變了他們；選項(xiàng)Dancingseemstochangetheirfeelingcompletely.跳舞似乎完全改變了他們的感覺(jué)。符合題意；故答案為F。15．根據(jù)上文Dance,likethepatternofabeatingheart,islife.Evenafteralltheseyears,Iwanttogetbetterandbetter.舞蹈，就像心臟跳動(dòng)的模式，是生命。即使過(guò)了這么多年，我還是想變得越來(lái)越好。以及下文Ifindithardtostop!DancingremindsmeI'malive.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難停下來(lái)!跳舞提醒我，我還活著。"可知空白處需要補(bǔ)充：我一直堅(jiān)持跳舞；選項(xiàng)IkeeppracticingevenwhenI'mextremelytired.即使我非常累，我也堅(jiān)持練習(xí)。符合題意；故答案為D。【答案】16．B；17．A；18．D；19．C；20．D；21．C；22．D；23．C；24．A；25．D；26．B；27．A；28．C；29．B；30．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了優(yōu)秀的馬拉松選手卡倫吉尼人的奔跑優(yōu)勢(shì)。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過(guò)缺失的單詞，再根據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對(duì)選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行區(qū)別，選出正確的那一項(xiàng)。做完后再通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。16．句意：獵豹肯定會(huì)早早領(lǐng)先。根據(jù)上文Ifacheetah（獵豹）,awolfandawell-trainedhumanallenteredamarathon,whowouldwin?如果一只獵豹，一只狼和一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的人一起參加馬拉松比賽，誰(shuí)會(huì)贏?，大家都知道獵豹的奔跑爆發(fā)力很強(qiáng)，可知奔跑比賽中獵豹開(kāi)會(huì)遙遙領(lǐng)先；A：end結(jié)束；B：lead領(lǐng)先地位；C：start開(kāi)始；D：jump跳躍；故答案為B。17．句意：但在26英里的終點(diǎn)，人類(lèi)將是第一個(gè)越過(guò)終點(diǎn)線的。根據(jù)句意"但在26英里的終點(diǎn)"可知這里講述的是到達(dá)終點(diǎn)線的時(shí)候；A：finish（賽跑、比賽的）終點(diǎn)；B：parallel共同點(diǎn)；C：boundary邊界；D：vertical垂直；故答案為A。18．句意：人類(lèi)只有兩條腿，但卻有令人難以置信的跑步能力。根據(jù)上文句意"但在26英里的終點(diǎn)，人類(lèi)將是第一個(gè)越過(guò)終點(diǎn)線的。"可知在馬拉松比賽中人戰(zhàn)勝了獵豹和狼，人類(lèi)的奔跑能力這真令人難以置信；A：limited有限；B：reduced減少；C：intelligent聰明；D：incredible難以置信；故答案為B。19．句意：因?yàn)槲覀儠?huì)出汗，所以我們可以在跑步時(shí)控制體溫。根據(jù)句意"因?yàn)槲覀儠?huì)出汗"可知人類(lèi)在跑步中通過(guò)散熱可以控制我們的體溫；A：balance平衡；B：performance性能；C：temperature溫度；D：guard保護(hù)；故答案為C。第12頁(yè)20．句意：跑步是早期人類(lèi)生存所必需的。根據(jù)下文Ofcourse,wedon'toftenneedtorunforsurvivalthesedays.當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在我們不需要經(jīng)常為了生存而奔跑。可知早期人類(lèi)的跑步能力的形成是為了生存；A：conflict沖突；B：spirit精神；C：prosperity繁榮；D：survival生存；故答案為D。21．句意：盡管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人類(lèi)文化中扮演著重要的角色。根據(jù)我們?nèi)粘５捏w育活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目可知跑步依然在人類(lèi)文化中繼續(xù)存在；A：fails衰弱，衰退；B：ceases終止，結(jié)束；C：continues（使）延續(xù)；D：declines下降，衰退；故答案為C。22．句意：馬拉松也許是人類(lèi)跑步文化中最著名的例子。根據(jù)上文句意"盡管如此，跑步仍然在世界各地的人類(lèi)文化中扮演著重要的角色。"可知馬拉松也是人類(lèi)的奔跑文化；A：innovation創(chuàng)新；B：history歷史；C：speed速度；D：culture文化；故答案為D。23．句意：全世界數(shù)百萬(wàn)人在電視上觀看精英跑步者爭(zhēng)奪數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元的比賽。根據(jù)馬拉松的賽制獲勝的人有獎(jiǎng)金，可知馬拉松的精英們努力奔跑為了爭(zhēng)奪這個(gè)獎(jiǎng)金；A：pay支付，付；B：account解釋?zhuān)f(shuō)明；C：compete爭(zhēng)奪；D：search搜查，搜尋；故答案為C。24．句意：當(dāng)然，商家也會(huì)在比賽期間推銷(xiāo)運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋等產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)……productssuchasathleticshoesduringthecompetition比賽期間的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋等產(chǎn)品，可知商家會(huì)在馬拉松期間通過(guò)贊助來(lái)推銷(xiāo)自己的產(chǎn)品；A：promote促銷(xiāo)，推廣；B：purchase購(gòu)買(mǎi)，采購(gòu)；C：award授予，頒發(fā)；D：restrict限制，控制；故答案為A。25．句意：一個(gè)人如何成為一名優(yōu)秀的馬拉松運(yùn)動(dòng)員?肯尼亞傳奇長(zhǎng)跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員似乎找到了答案。根據(jù)下文ItenisasmallfarmingtowninKenya'swesternhighlands.Itisalsohometosevenoftheworld'stoptenmarathonwinners.伊滕是肯尼亞西部高地的一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)小鎮(zhèn)。世界前十大馬拉松冠軍中，有7位來(lái)自伊滕。可知肯尼亞的馬拉松運(yùn)動(dòng)員非常出名；A：backward落后；B：stubborn固執(zhí)；C：responsible:負(fù)責(zé)任；D：legendary非常有名的，大名鼎鼎的，傳奇的；故答案為D。26．句意：他們中的大多數(shù)是卡倫津部落的成員。根據(jù)theKalenjintribe卡倫津部落是一個(gè)組織；可知他們都是這個(gè)奔跑組織的成員；A：guests客人；B：members會(huì)員；C：coaches教練；D：referees裁判；故答案為B。27．句意：他們往往擁有適合跑步的理想身材。根據(jù)下文Theirslimbodies,longlegsandshortwaists他們身材苗條，腿長(zhǎng)腰短；可知這樣的身材就是奔跑者的理想身材；A：ideal理想的；B：fragile脆弱的；C：rigid堅(jiān)硬的；D：flexible靈活的；故答案為A。28．句意：他們纖細(xì)的身體、修長(zhǎng)的腿和短腰將力量集中在跑步者最需要的腿部。根據(jù)……wherearunnerneedsitmost—thelegs.跑步者最需要的是腿部，可知奔跑的人需要腿部有力量才能快速長(zhǎng)距離奔跑；A：attention注意力；B：effort努力；C：power力量；D：oxygen氧氣；故答案為C。29．句意：由于伊滕島海拔8000英尺，卡倫吉尼人的肺活量很大。根據(jù)句意"由于伊滕島海拔8000英尺"以及下文Theyneedittogetoxygenoutofthethinair.他們需要它從稀薄的空氣中獲取氧氣?？芍谶@樣高海第13頁(yè)拔區(qū)域生活的人們就發(fā)展出了強(qiáng)大的肺活量；A：release釋放；B：develop發(fā)展；C：calculate計(jì)算；D：devise設(shè)計(jì)；故答案為B。30．句意：這使卡倫吉尼人在低海拔比賽中具有重要的優(yōu)勢(shì)。根據(jù)這樣強(qiáng)大的肺活量讓他們?cè)诒寂苤锌梢垣@得更多的氧氣，可知這強(qiáng)大的肺活量成為了他們的優(yōu)勢(shì)；A：edge優(yōu)勢(shì)；B：inspiration激勵(lì)；C：impression印象；D：obstacle障礙；故答案為A?！敬鸢浮?1．better；32．off；33．isdone；34．requires；35．toapply；36．depending；37．that；38．a(chǎn)；39．successful；40．guidance【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了京劇以及京劇學(xué)習(xí)?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查語(yǔ)法填空，本題考點(diǎn)涉及時(shí)態(tài)，短語(yǔ)，形容詞的比較級(jí)，定語(yǔ)從句副詞，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，等多個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查，要求考生在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，并結(jié)合相關(guān)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，進(jìn)行分析推理，從而寫(xiě)出正確的單詞形式。31．句意：對(duì)速度的需求在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)根深蒂固，以至于我們常常忘記按下暫停鍵，想想那些隨著時(shí)間推移而變得更好的東西:古董、陳年葡萄酒、長(zhǎng)期關(guān)系和多年來(lái)積累的專(zhuān)業(yè)知識(shí)。根據(jù)句意"古董、陳年酒"等這些東西是隨著時(shí)間的推移越來(lái)越珍貴，越來(lái)越好，可知空白處需要形容詞good的比較級(jí)形式better；故答案為better。32．句意：京劇也是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程。俗話說(shuō)得好:臺(tái)上三分鐘，臺(tái)下十年功。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)該句把臺(tái)上與臺(tái)下進(jìn)行對(duì)比，可知空白處考查了短語(yǔ)offstageoff；故答案為off。33．句意：這是對(duì)其苛刻性質(zhì)的認(rèn)可，也是對(duì)其高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提醒，以確保任何表演都按照祖先的要求進(jìn)行。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)空白處需要賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)performance與動(dòng)詞do之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致，主句謂語(yǔ)ensure是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，可知空白處需要?jiǎng)釉~do的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)形式isdone；故答案為isdone。34．句意：京劇要求很高，因?yàn)樗枰罅康募记伞８鶕?jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)空白處需要限制性定語(yǔ)從句（省略了關(guān)系代詞，it；可知上下文都是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，空白處需要?jiǎng)釉~require的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)形式requires；故答案為requires。35．句意：他們還需要化精致的妝，穿上厚重的服裝，根據(jù)角色的不同，穿著15厘米的厚底鞋登臺(tái)表演。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，該句考查了固定搭配：beexpectedtodo被期望做某事；可知空白處需要?jiǎng)釉~apply的不定式形式toapply；故答案為toapply。36．句意：他們還需要化精致的妝，穿上厚重的服裝，根據(jù)角色的不同，穿著15厘米的厚底鞋登臺(tái)表演。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)空白處需要非謂語(yǔ)表示伴隨，可知空白處需要?jiǎng)釉~depend的現(xiàn)在分詞形式depending；故答案為depending。37．句意：有太多的東西需要學(xué)習(xí)，所以門(mén)徒們(學(xué)徒)通常在很小的時(shí)候就開(kāi)始了他們的職業(yè)生涯，花了幾年的時(shí)間來(lái)調(diào)整他們的身體和思想，以適應(yīng)舞臺(tái)。根據(jù)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)該句考查了so+much（代詞）+that從第14頁(yè)句（如此……以致……）可知空白處需要連詞that；故答案為that。38．句意：那么，像我這樣一個(gè)沒(méi)有耐心、沒(méi)有靈活性的戲劇初學(xué)者，有什么來(lái)抗拒京劇呢?根據(jù)beginner是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且在文章中第一次出現(xiàn)，可知空白處需要不定冠詞a；故答案為a。39．句意：我有成功演出的條件嗎?根據(jù)修飾名詞show需要形容詞；可知空白處需要名詞success的形容詞形式successful；故答案為successful。40．句意：只有一個(gè)辦法可以找到答案:我挽起袖子，在資深舞臺(tái)大師的指導(dǎo)下訓(xùn)練。根據(jù)定冠詞后面要接名詞，以及seniorstagemastersinthefield資深舞臺(tái)