全國版2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)話題練第19練世界與環(huán)境練習(xí)含解析VIP

PAGEPAGE8第19練世界與環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)鞏固Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Theamountofwaterwhichissuitable____________(drink)islessandlessnow.2．Nowmoreandmorepeoplepaymoreattentiontohow____________(save)water.3．Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology，itbecomesmoreimportant____________(protect)ourenvironment.4．InChinaalotofriversandlakesare____________(serious)pollutedbysomefactories.5．Somewastewaterhasbeenpouredintoriversandlakes，____________(kill)alargenumberoffish.6．Ifeveryonemakesacontributiontoprotectingtheenvironment，theworld____________(become)muchmorebeautiful.7．Howtoprotectourenvironmenthasbeenoneofthemostdifficult____________(problem)intheworld.8．Weshouldplantmoreandmoretreesinordertolivebetterand____________(healthy)inthefuture.9．Itishightimethatthegovernment____________(take)somemeasurestoreducepollution.10．____________thewholethewarmingoftheearthisaphenomenonthatcausesgreatconcern.Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)11．Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactoriesproduceharmfulgases.12．Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeople’slives.13．Ifwedon’tsavewater，lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.14．Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveralmeasuretoreducetheheavypollution.15．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottolive.16．Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheearthsoitisourhome.17．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostofthemarebeyondourcontrol.18．You’dbeexposedtoalotlittlepollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.19．Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalsarepoisonoustohumanbeings.20．Nobodyknowsexactwhyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.話題詞匯1．pollutionn．污染2．a(chǎn)tmospheren．大氣，氣氛3．consequencen．結(jié)果，后果4．a(chǎn)ttachgreatimportanceto...非常重視……5．beawareof...意識(shí)到……6．damagev．毀壞7．makeadifference有影響8．environmentn．環(huán)境9．sufferv．受苦，遭遇10．causev．導(dǎo)致實(shí)力提升Ⅲ.閱讀理解A(2024·安徽皖北協(xié)作區(qū)聯(lián)考)Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern，rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcovernowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea.Deforestation(森林濫伐)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction，thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources，andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However，thisdestructioncanbeslowed，stopped，andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉(zhuǎn))．Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved，butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.So，whatshouldbedone？Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical，notcompletelyidealisticanddependsondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(可持續(xù)的)useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests，effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeestablishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind.Historicapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed，asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions，closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingoreconomicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor，norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers.Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.21．Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests?A．Humans’destroyingthetrees.B．Carbonsinksbeingreduced.C．Lackingrenewableresources.D．Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests.22．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Tropicalrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved.B．Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected.C．Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectontropicalrainforests.D．Economicreturnscanmakeadifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests.23．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection?A．Indifferent. B．Concerned.C．Doubtful. D．Puzzled.24．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation.B．Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests.C．Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests.D．Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing.BForcenturies，elephantshaveplayedabigroleintheworld’seconomies，culturesandreligions.TheAfricanelephantsusedtobefoundalloverAfricaandtheAsianelephantsmovedfromSyriatoChinatoIndonesia.Nowadays，elephantsarefoundinsmallgroupsinthesouthoftheSaharaDesertandscarcelyinSoutheastAsia，SriLankaandIndia.Intheearlytwentiethcentury，therewereclosetotenmillionelephants，andnowtheelephantnumberisaslowas252,000andexpectedtodropdownto160,000by2025.Between2007and2014，theelephantpopulationfellbyatleast30%，or144,000elephants.AsresearchershavetraveledovertheAfricanplains，theyonlyspottedoneherdof36elephantsinanarealikethesizeofMexico.Itisclearthatthesegentlemammalsaredisappearingrightbeforeoureyes.Therearemanyreasonswhytheelephantpopulationhasbeendecreasing，oneofwhichistheirhabitat.Humansarecompetingwithelephantsforlivingspace，andasmoreandmorehumansclearthelandthatisbeingusedbyelephants，theelephantshavelessspace.Elephanthuntingor“poaching”hasbeenamajorfactorforthedisappearanceofthisspecies，andtheyarekilledonlyfortheirvaluableivorytusks.Althoughthetradeoftusksisillegal，itisstillacommonpracticeinmanyplaces.Often，allthelocalpeoplelivingamongelephantswouldbefarmers，andfoundthattheycouldmakemoremoneybysellingthetusksofoneelephantthandoingmanuallaborfortwelveyears.Thatalonemakesitreallyhardtopreventthemfromkillingtheelephants.SomeplacessuchasBotswana，haveputinextraefforttoprotecttheirwildlifefrompoachersbyfoundingtheirBotswanaDefenseForce，whichismadeupofaround700specially-trainedsoldiersthatarestationedin40differentareas.Youmayfeelworriedaboutthepresentsituationselephantsarein，buttherearewaystohelp.Tofindouthowyoucanhelpelephantconservation，adoptanelephant，ordonate，clickhere.25．ThenumberslistedinParagraph2showthat________.A．humansdon’tcareforelephantsB．elephantshavebeennexttoextinctionC．elephantshavebecomegentlerthanbeforeD．elephantshavegainedmoreattention26．Whatisthebiggestfactorforthedisappearingelephants?A．Lessspace. B．Alackoffood.C．Sufferingfromadisease. D．Elephanthunting.27．Whyisithardtobankillingtheelephantsamongthefarmers?A．Theirtusksareprofitable.B．Elephantsaredestroyingtheirfieldscruelly.C．Farmershopetomakealivingbysellingtheirmeat.D．Farmerspracticetheirhuntingskillsbykillingelephants.28．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Topersuadereaderstomakeadonation.B．Toguidereadershowtoprotectelephants.C．Toencouragereaderstohelpprotectelephants.D．Tointroducethedecreasingnumberofelephants.Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)(2024·廣東湛江二模)Whatissomethingyoucan’tseebutisallaroundyou？Whatholdanairplaneinthesky？Theanswerwithallthesequestionsisair.Thoughyoucan’tseeair，butyouknowit’sthere.Youcanfeelthem.Airisamixtureofinvisiblegas.Putyourhandsonyourchestandtakedeepbreath.Whathappens？Yourchestrisessoyourlungsarefilledwithair.Also，thetiresonbikes，cars，trucksandbusesneedairtokeeproll.Theatmosphereblocksoutmuchofthesun’sharmful答案解析Ⅰ.1.todrink2.tosave3.toprotect4.seriously5.killing6．blems8.healthier9.shouldtake/took10．OnⅡ.11.Thegovernmentshouldtakeactiontostopthesefactorieseq\f(produce,producing)harmfulgases.12．Asweallknow，environmentalproblemsdirectlyaffectaboutthequalityofpeople’slives.13．Ifwedon’tsavewater，eq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))lastdropofwaterwillbeatear-dropofus.14．Thevillagersurgedthegovernmenttotakeseveraleq\f(measure,measures)toreducetheheavypollution.15．Withouttheshadefromthetrees，theearthwouldgettoohottoliveeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(on)).16．Eachofusshouldtryourbesttoprotecttheeartheq\f(so,because)itisourhome.17．Thegrowingspeedofaplantisinfluencedbyanumberoffactors，mostofeq\f(them,which)arebeyondourcontrol.18．You’dbeexposedtoaloteq\f(little,less)pollutionifyoumovedtoatownwithpurewaterandair.19．Nowadaysmanyfactoriesproducelargeamountsofchemicalseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(which/that))arepoisonoustohumanbeings.20．Nobodyknowseq\f(exact,exactly)whyandhowdinosaursdisappearedfromtheearthinsuchashorttime.Ⅲ.語篇解讀如今，熱帶雨林正面臨嚴(yán)峻的生存危機(jī)，為世界敲響了環(huán)保警鐘。人類應(yīng)實(shí)行更加實(shí)際、有效的措施來愛護(hù)熱帶雨林。21．A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Deforestation(森林濫伐)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction”可知，人類對(duì)熱帶雨林的濫砍濫伐導(dǎo)致熱帶雨林一些物種的滅亡。故選A。]22．D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句“Economic，political，andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.”可推知經(jīng)濟(jì)效益對(duì)愛護(hù)熱帶雨林有肯定影響。故選D。]23．B[觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)其次段和第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者講解并描述了熱帶雨林正在消逝的現(xiàn)狀并提出了一些愛護(hù)措施已經(jīng)無效的問題。由此可以推斷出作者對(duì)熱帶雨林愛護(hù)持擔(dān)憂的看法。故選B。]24．C[寫作目的題。通讀全文并依據(jù)最終兩段可知，作者認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)的愛護(hù)熱帶雨林的方法無效，呼吁大家共享合適的愛護(hù)措施。故選C。]語篇解讀本文主要講了大象在經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化和宗教上都起了很重要的作用，而現(xiàn)在由于種種緣由，大象的數(shù)量在急劇削減。作者在這里呼吁人們愛護(hù)野生大象。25．B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段的數(shù)據(jù)25200