Unit 1 單元測試（解析版）VIP

Unit1ScienceandScientists測試卷（滿分：150分時間：120分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshin?A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatshouldthemandotosavehisplant?A.Giveitmorefood. B.Giveitlesssunlight. C.Giveitlesswater.【答案】C【原文】M:Doyouhaveanyideawhat’swrongwithmyhouseplant?Itgetsplentyofsunandenoughplantfood.W:Areyouwateringittoooften?Rememberthisplantcomesfromthedesertwherethere’shardlyanyrain.M:Ah.Maybethat’stheproblem!2.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisshortwithdarkhair.B.Shehasacousinwithgoldenhair.C.Shedreamedofmakinghairchanges.【答案】C【原文】M:Itseemstobehumannaturetopursuewhatwedon’thave.Tallpeoplewanttobeshorter,andshortpeoplewanttobetaller...W:Iknow.Forexample,whenIwasyounger,mycousinalwayswantedmygoldenhair,andIwanteddarkhairlikehers.3.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Addhertothewaitinglist. B.Bookaticketforher. C.Giveheraphonenumber.【答案】A【原文】W:Hi,arethereanyticketsleftfortonight’sconcert?M:Sorry,they’resoldout.ButIcanputyouonthewaitinglist,incasethereareanycancellationstonight.Wouldyoulikemetodothat?W:Oh,yes,please.Letmegiveyoumyphonenumber.4.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoingrightnow?A.Attendingaparty. B.Goingfoodshopping. C.Searchingforaparkingspace.【答案】C【原文】M:Oh,thisissoannoying!We’vebeendrivingaroundforages,andIhaven’tseenasinglespace.W:There’sastreetpartygoingonintowntoday.That’sprobablywhyit’sbusy.Let’strythesupermarket...Youcanparkthereforfreeaslongasyoubuysomething.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirplansforthefuture. B.Afriendoftheirs. C.Amoviecharacter.【答案】C【原文】W:So,tellmealittlebitaboutthecharacteryouplayedinyournewfilmLastWeekend.M:Well,Jakeisasortofthe‘everyman’character.Hedoesn’thaveanyspecialtalents.Infact,helivesaprettyboringlife,untilhisoldfriendMaggiereturnstotown...第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘：聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段長對話，回答6、7小題。6.Whycan’tthemanusehisownphone?A.Ithasrunoutofbattery. B.Hehaslostitsomewhere. C.There’saproblemwiththescreen.7.Howdoestheapphelpthewomansleep?A.Itplaysrelaxingmusic.B.Itblocksoutthebluescreenlight.C.ItpreventsInternetuseintheevening.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:CanIborrowyourphoneforasecond?Mineisdead,andIcan’tfindmycharger.W:Sure.M:Thanks.Hey,what’swrongwithyourscreen?It’salldarkandthecolorslookstrange.W:Oh!I’vebeenusinganappcalled“Sunset”tohelpmesleepatnight.M:Really?How?W:Well,studiesshowthattoomuchbluelightfromscreenscanmakesleepingdifficult.So,intheevenings,theappputsaredfilter(濾光器)overthescreentocancelitout.M:Oh,interesting.Doesithelp?W:Yeah,Ithinkso!Ialsolistentowhitenoise,whichhelpsmefallasleeptoo.聽下面一段長對話，回答8至10小題。8.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hehasatemperature. B.Heisstrugglingtosaveenergy.C.Heistoocoldtodohiswork.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanoffice. B.Inthewoman’shouse. C.Inaschool.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Focusingontypingthereport.B.Takingbettercareoftheirhealth.C.Discussingtheissuewiththeboss.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】M:Canwedosomethingaboutthetemperatureinhere?Ihavesomanyemailstodealwithtoday,butmyhandsaresocoldthatIcanhardlytypemyreport!W:Iknow.I’vebeenstrugglingtoo.Buttheheatprobablywon’tbeturnedonuntiltheendofthemonth.M:Whynot?W:It’sapartofthecompany’splanstosaveenergy.M:Well,Icanunderstandthat.Buthowarewesupposedtoworkintheseconditions?W:Iguesswealwayshavethechoicetoworkfromhome.M:True.Butbeforemyyoungestdaughterstartsschool,it’sjusttoodifficultformetodothat.Iwouldn’tbeabletofocus.W:ThenIthinkweshouldtalktothebossaboutwhatcanbedone,otherwisepeoplewillstartgettingill.聽下面一段長對話，回答10至13小題。11.Howdothespeakersfeelnow?A.Bored. B.Disappointed. C.Excited.12.Whatisprobablythewoman’smaininterest?A.Gardening. B.Toyhouses. C.Modeltrains.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?A.Gotothebathroom. B.Getsomethingtoeat. C.Buythetickets.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【原文】W:Well,hereweare!Ican’twaittogetinsideandseewhat’sonoffer!M:Iheardthisyear’sMiniFairisgoingtobeevenbiggerandbetterthanlastyear’s.Itwon’tdisappointus.W:Ohreally?Ihadtogotoaboringworkeventatthattime,soIcouldn’tcomelastyear.M:Yes!Igotsomanythingsformymodeltrainset.W:Likewhat?M:Well,thecoolestthingsIgotweresometinylittletrees.Theylookedsoreal.W:Wow!M:I’mhopingtheguywhosellsthemishereagainthisyear.W:Ihopeso!NowthatI’msatisfiedwiththeinsidepartofmydolls’house,Iwanttofocusoncreatingthegarden.So,itwouldbegreattogetsomelittleplantsandtrees.Whataboutyou?M:Iwantsomelittlemodelcarsandpeopletoaddtomytrainstationscene.ButIneedtofindatoiletfirst.W:Overthere,bytherestauranthall.M:Great.Meetyouinfiveminutes,bytheticketdesk.聽下面一段長對話，回答14至17小題。14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Strangers. C.Teacherandstudent.15.Whatmonthisitnow?A.September. B.October. C.November.16.Whatsportwasthemaninvolvedin?A.Football. B.Swimming. C.Basketball.17.Whatdoesthemanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A.Anartist. B.Anathlete. C.Adoctor.【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.C【原文】W:Hi,areyouhereforthetour?M:Yes,I’mMichaelGreen.Areyoutheheadgirl?W:That’sright.I’mJaynePalmer.YoulookabitolderthanthekidsIusuallyshowaroundtheschool!M:Ha-ha!Yeah,I’llbesixteennextmonth.W:MybirthdayisinOctober,too!M:Really?W:Yeah!So,whyareyouchangingschools?M:Well,mymomgotanewjobinthisarea,sowe’removinghere.I’veheardgoodthingsaboutthisplace.W:Well,asyoucansee,wehavesomegreatfacilities...Herearethebasketballcourts.Thenjustbehindthem,you’llseethefootballfieldandtherunningtrack.Andthatbuildingoverthereisourswimmingpool.M:Wow!Therewasn’troomforanythinglikethisatmypreviousschool.Iwasontheswimmingteam,butwehadtotraveltousethecitypoolforourpractices.W:Well,we’vecertainlygotplentyofspace.Theartsteachinghereisalsoexcellent.Wehaveamusicstudioandourowntheater.M:Amazing!W:So,wherewouldyouliketogofirst?M:Well,I’mquiteinterestedtoseethesciencefacilities.I’mhopingforacareerinmedicine.W:Okay,great!Well,thelaboratorieshaveallbeenupdatedrecently,sowe’vegotsomereallygoodequipment.Followme.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答18至20小題。18.WhodidthespeakergototheAICanteenwith?A.Afamilymember. B.Alocalfriend. C.Abusinesspartner.19.Whatisonedisadvantageofthecanteenaccordingtothespeaker?A.Itlackedhumanemotions. B.Therewasn’tmuchchoice. C.Thefooddidn’ttasteverynice.20.HowmanypeoplecantheAIsystemserveinaday?A.100. B.200. C.300.【答案】18.B19.A20.B【原文】OnmyrecentbusinesstriptoShanghai,Imetupwithalocalfriendwhotookmeoutforaveryinterestingeveningmeal.AttheCommunityAICanteen,everythingisdonebyrobots.Whenyouwalkinthere,youplaceyourorderonascreen.Usingroboticarms,theintelligentcookingsystemthencooksyourfoodbeforepackingitup...Itevenadjuststhetemperature,dependingonwhetheryouwanttoeatitstraightawayortakeithomewithyou!Topay,youplaceyourfoodonasmartcashdesk,whichimmediatelycalculates(計算)thecost.There’sevena24-hournoodlemachinejustoutside,whichoffershotandfreshfoodaroundtheclock.Thecanteenoffersahugeamountofchoicesandthedishestastegreat.Itisreallyfuntoget“atasteofthefuture”.However,I’mnotsureIwouldlikeallrestaurantstoberunbyrobots.Icanseethebenefitsforbusyfamiliesorofficeworkersneedingaquicklunch,butwhataboutlonelyolderpeoplewhowouldmissthehumantouch?Idothinkwewillseemoreplaceslikethisinthefuture,though.Atbest,ahumanwaitercanservearound100peopleinaday.TheAIsystemcanservedoublethatfigure,makingitgoodforbusiness.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHydrogenShotFellowshipTheEnergyEarthshotsInitiative,launchedattheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy(DOE)thisyear,isaimedatacceleratingbreakthroughsofcleanenergysolutionswithinthedecadeandtrainingthediverseSTEMworkforceneededtomakethisareality.Enterthisprogram,anopeningfor1-2currentBachelors’,Masters’,andDoctoralstudentstocomeworkwithus.Applicationsareacceptedonarollingbasis.ScienceCareersatArgonneThisannualprogrambringsinspiration,knowledge,andtipsforexploringSTEMcareersdirectlytofemalehighschoolstudentswiththeaimofadvocatingforgreatergenderdiversityintheSTEMworkforce.Attheevent,ArgonneNationalLaboratory’sfemalescientistsandengineersinstructstudentsontheircareergoals,providenetworkingopportunities,andshareArgonne’sworktoadvancescience,includingglobalchallengessuchasfightingtheclimatecrisis.NavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorldThisdynamicprograminvitesstudentstoexplorethemanyapplicationsofnuclearscienceanditsimpactonenergy,healthcare,food,andtheenvironmentthroughaninteractivesetoffreeresources.ExploreSTEMprojectstarters,digitallessonplans,andexcitingvirtualfieldtripswhereyoucanlearnaboutdifferentcareersinnuclearscience.TheMickeyLelandEnergyFellowshipProgramThisisforundergraduateandgraduatestudentsinSTEMmajorsseekingtogainexperienceinenergyresearch.Participantswillcompleteacutting-edgeresearchprojectatoneofDOE’snationallaboratoriesoratDOEheadquartersundertheinstructionofourscientistsandengineers.ThebestpartisthatyouwillcontributetotheFECMmissionofminimizingtheenvironmentalimpactsoffossilfuelswhileworkingtowardsnet-zeroemissions!21.Whichprogramisdesignedforgirls?A.HydrogenShotFellowship.B.ScienceCareersatArgonne.C.NavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorld.D.TheMickeyLelandEnergyFellowshipProgram.22.WhatcanstudentsdoinNavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorld?A.Goonvirtualfieldtrips. B.Startdifferentcareers.C.Researchwithnuclearscientist. D.Getnetworkopportunities.23.Whatdothefourprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyareenergy-related. B.TheyareSTEMprograms.C.Theytargetundergraduates. D.Theyaimtotackleclimatecrisis.【答案】21.B22.A23.B【導(dǎo)語】本文屬于應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個不同的項(xiàng)目或計劃，每個部分都提供了簡要的描述、目標(biāo)群體、活動內(nèi)容或目的等信息，旨在通知或宣傳這些聚焦于STEM教育、清潔能源、核科學(xué)及能源研究領(lǐng)域的項(xiàng)目機(jī)會。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由ScienceCareersatArgonne部分中的“Thisannualprogrambringsinspiration,knowledge,andtipsforexploringSTEMcareersdirectlytofemalehighschoolstudentswiththeaimofadvocatingforgreatergenderdiversityintheSTEMworkforce.(這個年度項(xiàng)目直接為女高中生提供探索STEM職業(yè)的靈感、知識和技巧，旨在倡導(dǎo)STEM勞動力中更大的性別多樣性。)”可知，這個項(xiàng)目是專為女生設(shè)計的。故選B。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由NavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorld部分中的“ExploreSTEMprojectstarters,digitallessonplans,andexcitingvirtualfieldtripswhereyoucanlearnaboutdifferentcareersinnuclearscience.(探索STEM項(xiàng)目啟動者，數(shù)字課程計劃和令人興奮的虛擬實(shí)地考察，您可以了解核科學(xué)的不同職業(yè)。)”可知，學(xué)生可以在NavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorld項(xiàng)目中參與虛擬實(shí)地考察。故選A。23.推理判斷題。由HydrogenShotFellowship部分中的“TheEnergyEarthshotsInitiative,launchedattheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy(DOE)thisyear,isaimedatacceleratingbreakthroughsofcleanenergysolutionswithinthedecadeandtrainingthediverseSTEMworkforceneededtomakethisareality.(美國能源部（DOE）今年啟動了能源地球計劃，旨在在十年內(nèi)加速清潔能源解決方案的突破，并培訓(xùn)實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)所需的多樣化STEM勞動力。)”、ScienceCareersatArgonne部分中的“Thisannualprogrambringsinspiration,knowledge,andtipsforexploringSTEMcareersdirectlytofemalehighschoolstudentswiththeaimofadvocatingforgreatergenderdiversityintheSTEMworkforce.(這個年度項(xiàng)目直接為女高中生提供探索STEM職業(yè)的靈感、知識和技巧，旨在倡導(dǎo)STEM勞動力中更大的性別多樣性。)”、NavigatingNuclear:EnergizingOurWorld部分中的“ExploreSTEMprojectstarters,digitallessonplans,andexcitingvirtualfieldtripswhereyoucanlearnaboutdifferentcareersinnuclearscience.(探索STEM項(xiàng)目啟動者，數(shù)字課程計劃和令人興奮的虛擬實(shí)地考察，您可以了解核科學(xué)的不同職業(yè)。)”、TheMickeyLelandEnergyFellowshipProgram部分中的“ThisisforundergraduateandgraduatestudentsinSTEMmajorsseekingtogainexperienceinenergyresearch.(本課程面向希望獲得能源研究經(jīng)驗(yàn)的STEM專業(yè)本科生和研究生。)”可知，它們都是STEM項(xiàng)目。故選B。BAsChina’scitiesgrow,theyarealsosinking.Anestimated16percentofthecountry’smajorcitiesarelosingmorethan10millimetersofheightperyearandnearlyhalfarelosingmorethan3millimetersperyear,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScience.“Landsubsidence(下沉)isaproblemthatalmostexistseverywhere,”saidRobertNicholls,aclimatescientistandcivilengineerattheUniversityofEastAngliawhoreviewedthepaper,“Tomyknowledge,thisstudyisthefirsttomeasurelandsubsidenceacrossmanyurbanareasusingstate-of-the-artradar(雷達(dá))datafromsatellites.Ibelievethemajorityoftheadaptationstrategiesthatwehave,andtheplanstofightclimatechange,areinaccurate,justbecausetheydidnotincludelandsubsidence.Landsubsidenceisanunheededproblem.Ithasn’tbeenstudiedtheway,forexample,sealevelrisehasbeenstudied.”Thenewstudywasbasedonsatelliteradarmeasurementsofhowmuchthegroundsurfacein82majorcities,accountingforthree-quartersoftheurbanpopulation,movedupordownbetween2015and2022.Theresearcherscomparedthesemeasurementstodataonpotentialcontributingfactors.Subsidenceinthesecitiesiscausedinpartbythepureweightofbuildings,thestudyfound.Groundwaterextraction(開采)underneaththecitiesalsoplaysarole,asdooildrillingandcoalmining.Theseactivitiesleaveemptyspaceundergroundwheresoilandrockscanpresstogetherorcollapse.Beingbelowsealeveldoesn’tmeanacityisautomaticallydestroyed.MuchoftheNetherlandsisbelowsealevelandsinking,butthecountryhasbeenextensivelyengineeredtopreventfloodinginplacesandtoaccommodateitinothers.Shanghaiisalreadylimitinggroundwaterextractionandissinkingmoreslowlythanothercities.InJapan,groundwatermanagementovertheyearshasprovedsuccessful.“It’sdifficulttostopsubsidenceentirely,”Dr.Nichollssaid,“You’vegottolivewithwhat’sleft.“24.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph1imply?A.Citiesgrowatanalarmingspeed. B.Citiesfacefierceclimatechange.C.Landsubsidenceisundercontrol. D.Landsubsidenceisanurgentissue.25.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“unheeded”inparagraph2?A.Ignored. B.Identified. C.Undefined. D.Overestimated.26.Whatmaycontributetolandsubsidenceincitiesaccordingtothepassage?A.Energyextraction. B.Overuseoffarmland.C.Populationexpansion. D.Unevendistributionofwater.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Cityplanningcallsforjointefforts.B.Groundwateristoblameforlandsinking.C.Measurescanbetakentoeasesubsidence.D.Floodingpreventiondeservesfurtherresearch.【答案】24.D25.A26.A27.C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了地面下沉問題的背景、原因和一些應(yīng)對措施。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Anestimated16percentofthecountry’smajorcitiesarelosingmorethan10millimetersofheightperyearandnearlyhalfarelosingmorethan3millimetersperyear,accordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalScience.(根據(jù)《科學(xué)》雜志發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究，估計該國16%的主要城市每年高度下降超過10毫米，近一半的城市每年下降超過3毫米。)”可知，第一段的數(shù)字意味著地面沉降問題嚴(yán)重，是一個亟需解決的問題。故選D。25.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Ibelievethemajorityoftheadaptationstrategiesthatwehave,andtheplanstofightclimatechange,areinaccurate,justbecausetheydidnotincludelandsubsidence.Landsubsidenceisanunheededproblem.Ithasn’tbeenstudiedtheway,forexample,sealevelrisehasbeenstudied.”(我認(rèn)為，我們現(xiàn)有的大多數(shù)適應(yīng)策略和應(yīng)對氣候變化的計劃都是不準(zhǔn)確的，因?yàn)樗鼈儧]有包括地面沉降。地面沉降是一個unheeded問題。它還沒有被研究過，例如，海平面上升已經(jīng)被研究過了?！?”可知，地面沉降問題還沒有像是海平面上升那樣被研究過，由此可推知，地面沉降問題是未被注意的，劃線單詞表示“未被注意的”，與Ignored意義相近。故選A。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Subsidenceinthesecitiesiscausedinpartbythepureweightofbuildings,thestudyfound.Groundwaterextraction(開采)underneaththecitiesalsoplaysarole,asdooildrillingandcoalmining.(研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些城市的沉降部分是由建筑物的純粹重量造成的。城市地下的地下水開采也發(fā)揮了作用，石油鉆探和煤炭開采也是如此。)”可知，建筑物的重量、城市地下水開采以及能源開采是造成地面下沉的原因。故選A。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Beingbelowsealeveldoesn’tmeanacityisautomaticallydestroyed.MuchoftheNetherlandsisbelowsealevelandsinking,butthecountryhasbeenextensivelyengineeredtopreventfloodinginplacesandtoaccommodateitinothers.Shanghaiisalreadylimitinggroundwaterextractionandissinkingmoreslowlythanothercities.InJapan,groundwatermanagementovertheyearshasprovedsuccessful.(低于海平面并不意味著一座城市會自動被摧毀。荷蘭的大部分地區(qū)都在海平面以下，正在下沉，但該國已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了廣泛的工程設(shè)計，以防止某些地方發(fā)生洪水，并在其他地方適應(yīng)洪水。上海已經(jīng)在限制地下水開采，而且下沉速度比其他城市慢。在日本，多年來的地下水管理已被證明是成功的。)”可推知，采取有效措施后，地面沉降問題可以被緩解，即可以采取措施緩解地面沉降。故選C。CMymotherdiedofbreastcancerwhenshewasmerely50in1970.Afterwards,thecommentrepeatedmostoftenwas:“You’llneedtobecarefulfortherestofyourlifebecauseitmayhavebeenpassedtoyou.”In1994,thefirsteverbreastcancergenetestingarrived.Ijumpedrighttoitandtestednegative.I’mthankfulforthesciencethathasgivenmethispreventivescreening(篩查).Goodforme,butisitgoodforeveryone?Here’sthecatch.ResearchongeneticdiseasehasbeenbasedmostlyonEuropeanpeople,likeme.Thesamewenttothemappingofthehumangenes.Theproblemisthatweknowlittleabouthownewtreatmentsmightworkforpeopleofotherraces.Ifwediversifypatientsinclinicaltrials,wecanrealizethepromiseofpersonalizedmedicineforeveryone,notjustwhitepatients.Facedwiththeunfairphenomenainmedicalresearch,whatshouldwedotoresolvetheproblem?Notonlydoweneedmorediversepopulationsparticipatinginresearch,butwealsoneeddiversityamongbiomedicalresearchersandmedicalprofessionalstomakeefforts.Thatmakesresearchstrongerandbuildstrustwithdiversecommunities.Amedicalteamisworkingonthisnow.Theyarebuildingadiversenextgenerationofgeneeditingresearchersbyteachinghighschoolandcommunitycollegestudentsfromdifferentbackgroundsaboutpromisingtechnologieslikegeneeditingtoencouragethemtobecomefutureresearchers.Thissortofeducationaloutreachcanalsohelptobuildtrustinthemedicalandresearchcommunities.Theteamleader,JohnCooper,PhD,hasbeenoutspokenaboutthecurrentinequalitiesofdeliveringnewtechnologiestoallpeopleatafaircost.Numerousscientistsandmedicalleadersareworkingtochangethesituation.Whilesciencewasn’tyetfarenoughalongtosavemymother,Ihaveharvestedthebenefitsofadvancedresearchandsoshouldweall.28.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toexplainthecauseofhermother’scancer. B.Toshowherconcernsovermedicalinequalities.C.Toindicatethesideeffectsofgenetictesting. D.Toemphasizetheprogressinthemedicalfield.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thecatch”inparagraph2referto?A.Apreviousstudy. B.Anurgentappeal. C.Anunderlyingissue. D.Aworkablesolution.30.Whatmightenablenewtreatmentstobenefitall?A.Conductingresearchongeneticdiseases. B.Deliveringspeechestointerestedstudents.C.Buildingconfidenceinpotentialmedicalresearchers. D.Popularizingtechnologiesinvariouscommunities.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheadvancedresearch?A.Supportive. B.Dismissive. C.Opposed. D.Impartial.【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，討論了遺傳疾病研究中的種族偏見問題以及如何解決這一問題的策略。28.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Goodforme,butisitgoodforeveryone?(對我來說是好事，但對每個人來說都是好事嗎？)”可知，作者在第一段中講述了自己的故事，然后引出了醫(yī)學(xué)不平等的問題。由此推知，第一段的作用是展示作者對醫(yī)學(xué)不平等的關(guān)注。故選B。29.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線短語所在句子“Here’sthecatch.ResearchongeneticdiseasehasbeenbasedmostlyonEuropeanpeople,likeme.(這就是問題所在。遺傳疾病的研究主要基于像我這樣的歐洲人)”可知，遺傳疾病的研究主要基于像作者這樣的歐洲人，可以推測出，“thecatch”指的是隱藏的問題或潛在的難題，即當(dāng)前遺傳疾病研究主要基于歐洲人種，忽略了種族多樣性帶來的影響。因此，C選項(xiàng)“Anunderlyingissue(潛在的問題)”符合上下文語境。故選C。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ifwediversifypatientsinclinicaltrials,wecanrealizethepromiseofpersonalizedmedicineforeveryone,notjustwhitepatients.(如果我們在臨床試驗(yàn)中使患者多樣化，我們就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)個性化醫(yī)療對每個人的承諾，而不僅僅是白人患者)”可知，如果我們在臨床試驗(yàn)中使病人多樣化，我們就可以為每個人實(shí)現(xiàn)個性化藥物的承諾，而不僅僅是白人患者。由此可知，在不同的社區(qū)推廣技術(shù)可以使新的治療方法惠及所有人。故選D。31.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilesciencewasn’tyetfarenoughalongtosavemymother,Ihaveharvestedthebenefitsofadvancedresearchandsoshouldweall(盡管科學(xué)尚未發(fā)展到足以拯救我母親的地步，但我已經(jīng)從先進(jìn)的研究中獲益，我們也都應(yīng)該如此)”可知，雖然科學(xué)還不足以拯救我的母親，但我收獲了先進(jìn)研究的好處，我們所有人都應(yīng)該如此。由此推知，作者對先進(jìn)的研究持支持的態(tài)度。故選A。DOntheplaygroundofatownschoolinTanghecountyinCentralChina’sHenanprovince,abusfullofsciencekitsstopsby,drawingacrowdofpupilseagertoexplorewhatisinside.Soon,severalrobotsarecarefullyunloadedfromthebusandbegindancingwithconsistenthumanlikemoves.ThebuswasnotaperformancetroupeofanykindbutratheramobilescienceclassjointlyorganizedbytheMinistryofEducation,theChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumandthesocialmediaplatformDouyin,aimingtosowseedsofpassionforscienceamongchildreninthecountry’svastruralareas.SinceFebruary,thankstothejointinitiative,scientists,scienceeducatorsandsciencemuseumstaffhavewalkedinto18townschoolsintheGuangxiZhuangautonomousregionandHenanandGansuprovinces.AstrophysicistWuXiangping,whohastraversedChina’sremotemiddleandwesternregionsforpopularsciencework,saysthatruralchildrenarejustascuriousastheirurbanpeersinscienceclasses,callingformorescientificeducationresourcesinremoteareas.LyuGuofan,chairmanoftheHenanAssociationforScienceandTechnology,saysthatruralareasaremostlyfacedwithashortageofqualifiedteachersandequipmentforscientificeducation.Asurveyconductedbytheministryin2021covering31provincial-levelregionsacrossthecountryshowedthatscienceteachersatprimaryschoolsmostlylackrelatededucationalbackgrounds.InJune2021,theStateCouncilissuedanactionplanforimprovingthescientificqualityofnationalsfrom2021to2035,vowingtoexpandtherecruitmentofcollegestudentsmajoringinscientificeducationandstrengthenonlinetrainingofscienceteachers.Accordingtothedocument,100,000sciencetutorswouldbetrainedeachyearatthegrassrootslevel.ZhangJiantao,ateacheratatownschoolinGushicounty,Henan,gainednotablefameforhisnovelscienceclassesbyturningrubbishbinsintodronesandwaterbottlesinto“water-propelledrockets”.Aformermathematicsteacher,Zhangvolunteeredtofocusonteachingsciencetotheschool’smorecuriousstudents,whoaremostlyleftbehindbytheircity-boundworkingparentsinthecareofgrandparents.“Thekidsloveconductingexperiments,”Zhangsays.“Afterdoingexperimentstogether,theyaremoreopentomeandfocusbetterinclasses.”32.Whatisthemainpurposeofthebusaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Togivestudentsascienceclass.B.Topresentawonderfulperformanceaboutscience.C.Tostimulatestudents’enthusiasmforscience.D.Toattractmoreteacherstocomefortheemployment.33.WhatarethechallengesthatmostruralareasconfrontedwithaccordingtoLyuGuofan?A.Lackofscientificeducationequipmentandqualifiedteachers.B.Lackofenthusiasmforscienceeducationamongstudentsandteachers.C.Insufficientfundingfromgovernmentandsocialorganizations.D.Shortageofteacherswithcorrespondingknowledgebackground.34.Howdoestheauthordevelopthelastbutoneparagraph?A.Givingadefinition. B.Listingstatistics. C.Makingacomparison. D.Givingexamples.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InitiativesignitespassionforruralscienceeducationB.A“bus”givescuriousstudentsanunforgettableexperienceC.ScienceguaranteesapromisingfutureforeducationD.Teachersopenupanewpathforeducationaldevelopment【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要講述了由教育部、中國科技館和社交媒體平臺抖音聯(lián)合組織的移動科學(xué)課堂，旨在激發(fā)農(nóng)村兒童對科學(xué)的熱情，并介紹了農(nóng)村地區(qū)在科學(xué)教育方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和解決方案。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中“ThebuswasnotaperformancetroupeofanykindbutratheramobilescienceclassjointlyorganizedbytheMinistryofEducation,theChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumandthesocialmediaplatformDouyin,aimingtosowseedsofpassionforscienceamongchildreninthecountry’svastruralareas.(這輛公交車不是任何形式的表演，而是由教育部、中國科技館和社交媒體平臺抖音聯(lián)合舉辦的移動科學(xué)課，旨在為中國廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)的兒童播下對科學(xué)的熱情種子)”可知，這輛公交車的主要目的是激發(fā)學(xué)生對科學(xué)的熱情。故選C項(xiàng)。33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“LyuGuofan,chairmanoftheHenanAssociationforScienceandTechnology,saysthatruralareasaremostlyfacedwithashortageofqualifiedteachersandequipmentforscientificeducation.(河南省科學(xué)技術(shù)協(xié)會會長LyuGuofan說，農(nóng)村地區(qū)大多面臨著缺乏合格的教師和科學(xué)教育設(shè)備的問題)”可知，LyuGuofan認(rèn)為，農(nóng)村地區(qū)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是缺乏科學(xué)教育設(shè)備和合格的教師。故選A項(xiàng)。34.推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中“ZhangJiantao,ateacheratatownschoolinGushicounty,Henan,gainednotablefameforhisnovelscienceclassesbyturningrubbishbinsintodronesandwaterbottlesinto“water-propelledrockets”.Aformermathematicsteacher,Zhangvolunteeredtofocusonteachingsciencetotheschool’smorecuriousstudents,whoaremostlyleftbehindbytheircity-boundworkingparentsinthecareofgrandparents.(張建濤是河南固始縣一所鎮(zhèn)學(xué)校的老師，他以新穎的科學(xué)課而聞名，他把垃圾桶變成了無人機(jī)，把水瓶變成了“水推進(jìn)火箭”。張曾是一名數(shù)學(xué)老師，他自愿專注于向?qū)W校里更好奇的學(xué)生教授科學(xué)，這些學(xué)生大多被他們在城市工作的父母留在家里，由祖父母照顧)”可知，作者通過舉例來展開這一段。故選D項(xiàng)。35.主旨大意題。由第一段中“ThebuswasnotaperformancetroupeofanykindbutratheramobilescienceclassjointlyorganizedbytheMinistryofEducation,theChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseumandthesocialmediaplatformDouyin,aimingtosowseedsofpassionforscienceamongchildreninthecountry’svastruralareas.(這輛公交車不是任何形式的表演，而是由教育部、中國科技館和社交媒體平臺抖音聯(lián)合舉辦的移動科學(xué)課，旨在為中國廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)的兒童播下對科學(xué)的熱情種子)”和全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了由教育部、中國科技館和社交媒體平臺抖音聯(lián)合組織的移動科學(xué)課堂，旨在激發(fā)農(nóng)村兒童對科學(xué)的熱情，并介紹了農(nóng)村地區(qū)在科學(xué)教育方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和解決方案，“倡議點(diǎn)燃了對農(nóng)村科學(xué)教育的熱情”符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Wecertainlylookdifferent.Themostobviousdifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsareourbodies,insideandout.Forexample,canmenhavebabies?Canwomen