湖北省荊州市八縣市2021-2022學年高二上學期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（解析版）

2021～2022學年度上學期期末質(zhì)量檢測高二英語試題本試卷共8頁，67題，滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马棧?.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的姓名、考試科目、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試題卷規(guī)定的位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2.作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，請用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Playfootball. B.Washhisshoes. C.Cleanhisroom.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Joey,wouldyoumindwashingyourshoes?M:Notatall.W:Couldyoupossiblycleanyourroomthisafternoon?M:Sorry,Ihavetogotofootballpractice.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemando?A.Adoctor. B.Ateacher. C.Astudent.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Canyoutellmewhatyoudo?M:I’mstudyingmedicinebecauseIwanttobeadoctor.W:Whatdoyourparentsdo?M:Myfatheristeachinginacollegeandmymotherisalawyer.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whydoesthewomansuggesttheshirtwithlongsleeves?A.Itislovely. B.Itiswarm. C.Itiscomfortable.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tdecidewhattowear.Ilikethislovelyshirtwithshortsleeves.It’smadeofcottonandcomfortable.W:Butyoumightbecold.Whydon’tyouweartheshirtwithlongsleeves?M:Goodidea.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apicnic. B.Afriend. C.Apicture.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Allen,isthisyourbrotherunderthetree?M:No.That’sJonny,mybestfriend.He’s16,thesameasme.W:Whendidyoutakeit?M:Lastmonthwhenwetookapicnicinthepark.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?AInapark. B.Inanoffice. C.Inarestaurant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhataweekI’vehadatwork!W:Youshouldgoforadailywalkintheparklikeme.M:Iknow,butIdon’thavetime.Howaboutgoingforpizzaafterwork?W:OK.I’malreadyhungry!第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6Whereisthechurch?A.Acrossfromthegardencenter. B.Attheendofthemotorway. C.Infrontofthebridge.7.Howwillthewomangettothehotel?A.Byrail. B.Bycar. C.Onfoot.【答案】6.A7.B【解析】【原文】M:Wouldyoulikemetotellyouhowtogettothehotelonceyou’reinthevillage?It’sabitdifficulttofind.W:Oh,yes,please.M:OK.Well,comingintothevillagefromthemotorway,whichisintheeast,thefirstbuildingyouseeonyourrightisthechurch.It’srightoppositethegardencenter.W:OK.Thechurchisonmyright,andthegardencenteronmyleft.M:Yes…justafterthat,you’llcometotherailwaycrossingandthenyou’llseetheriveronyourleft.Afterthatyou’llseetheschool.It’sjustinfrontofthebridgeovertheriver.Afterthebridge,you’llseearoad.Justkeepdrivingdowntheroadtotheend.Itleadsstraightintothehotel.W:Thankyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whathasthewomanforgottentowriteonthelist?A.Onions. B.Potatoes. C.Carrots.9.Whatdoesthemanneedtodecideatthemarket?A.Whethertobuycheese. B.Howmuchcheesetobuy. C.Whatkindofcheesetobuy.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytogoshopping?W:Justafewminutes.Ineedtomakealistofthingsthatweneed.M:Goodidea.Haveyouwrittendownpotatoes,carrots,andonions?W:Idon’thaveonionsonmylist.I’lladdthem.M:OK.AndIwanttogetsomechocolateandcheese.W:Whatkindofcheesedoyouwant?M:I’mnotsure.I’lldecideatthemarket,whenIcanseewhattheyhave.Havewegotenoughmoney?W:Wedon’thaveenoughcash,soI’lltakemycreditcard.M:That’sOK.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toorderfood. B.Toreportthewrongdelivery. C.Toknowsomefoodinformation.11.Whatdidthewomanreceive?A.Thechildren’spartyspecial. B.Thelunchspecialforten. C.Theadult’spartyspecial.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Changetheorder. B.Checktheorder. C.Returnhermoney.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Benji’sCatering,canIhelpyou?W:Yeah,thisisJasmineGoodmanfromLowisEngineering.I’mcallingaboutanorderforfoodImadefortoday.M:Yes?W:There’saproblemwiththelunchtimespecialmenufortenIordered.Yousentthewrongdelivery.M:Whatdidyoureceive?W:Er,letmeseethedeliverynote.Ahyes,thechildren’spartyspecial.M:Ah,Isee.W:Couldyoupickitupfromouroffice?M:Yes,ofcourse.W:AndcanIhavemymoneybackplease?Wereallydon’tneedthelunchspecialnow.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whohastwoboysintheman’sfamily?A.Peter. B.Tim. C.Sam.14.HowmanychildrendoesLindahave?A.Five. B.Three. C.Two.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthekidswhentheygettogether?A.Noisy. B.Quiet. C.Interesting.16Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheismarriedwithkids.B.Shecomesfromaverybigfamily.C.Sheistheyoungestinherfamily.【答案】13.C14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Doyoucomefromabigfamily,Peter?M:Yes,it’sprettybig.Ihavethreeyoungersistersandtwoolderbrothers.W:Wow!Fullhouse!M:Yes,andtheyareallmarriedwithkids,too.MyoldestbrotherSamhastwoboysandmyotherbrotherTimhasagirlandaboy.W:Doyoursistershavechildren,too?M:Yes,myyoungestsisterLindahasthreeboys,andmyothertwosistersLauraandTinahavetwogirlseach.Andthey’reallprettylovely.W:Ohmy!Youmusthaveovertenniecesandnephews!M:That’sright.Ihavesixnephewsandfivenieces.Iamalsomarriedwithkids.W:Oh,howmanychildrendoyouhave?M:Ihaveaboyandagirl.Theyloveplayingwithalltheircousins.Whenweareallinthesamehouse,thekidsarescreamingwithexcitement.W:Ibet!Butthatsoundsinteresting!M:Howaboutyourself,Sara?Doyoucomefromabigfamily?W:Notasbigasyours,Peter.Ijusthavetwooldersisters.Noneofusaremarriedwithkids.M:Soundsquiet.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Wherewasricefirstgrown?A.InIndia. B.IntheU.S.A. C.InaEuropeancountry.18.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.Ricehasahistoryof50,000years.B.Europeanriceisgrownindryfields.C.About550milliontonsofriceisproducedeachyearinAsia.19.WhenistheYokohamaNoodleMuseumclosed?A.OnTuesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnSunday.20.Whatcanpeopledoonthefirstfloorofthemuseum?A.Makenoodlesbyhand. B.Buynoodle-relatedobjects. C.Tastedifferenttypesofnoodles.【答案】17.A18.B19.A20.B【解析】【原文】W:Todayonthefoodprogram,I’mgoingtotellyousomeinformationabouttwoveryimportantfoods—riceandnoodles.Didyouknowthatricebelongstothegrassfamilyandwasfirstgrownabout5,000yearsagoinIndia?ItwasintroducedintoEuropeabout700yearsagoandarrivedintheU.S.A.in1726.Nowadays,about550milliontonsisproducedaroundeachyear,92%ofthatbeingproducedinAsia.OneinterestingthingtonoteisthatEuropeanandAmericanrice,whichisgrownindryfields,absorbsalotmorewaterthanAsianrice,whichisgrowninfloodedfields.MoveonnowtoaJapanesemuseum—theYokohamaNoodleMuseum,whereyoucanfindoutaboutthehistoryofnoodles.Themuseumstaysopenlaterthanmostmuseums—from11:00a.m.to11:00p.m.,withthelastadmissionbeing10:00p.m.ThemuseumisopeneverydayexceptTuesday,withSundaybeingthebusiestdayandThursdaybeingtheleastbusy.Thefirstfloorofthemuseumhasasouvenirshop,andyoucanbuynoodle-relatedobjectsthere.Thereyoucanseeadisplayshowinghownoodlesaremadeandalsoonegivingthehistoryofnoodles.Ontwoundergroundlevels,thereisahistoricalthemeparkwithshops,housesandrestaurantsfromtheyear1958.Therearealsoeightdifferentnoodleshopsservingtendifferenttypesofnoodles.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATianjinPanshanMountainScenicAreaPanshanMountainislistedamongthenational5AScenicSpotsandiswell-knownforitsnaturalscenery,Buddhisttemples,androyalgardens.ThemountainwasfirstrecordedinbooksfromtheHanDynasty(206BC-220AD)andbecamepopularintheTangDynasty(618-907).Seventy-twotemples,13exquisitetowers,andaroyalgardenwerebuiltonthemountainandwerewell-regardedbyseveralChineseemperors.ThemainpeakofPanshanMountainisGuayuePeakandissurroundedbyotherpeaksincludingZigaiPeaktothesouth,ZilaiPeaktothenorth,JiuhuaPeaktotheeast,andWujianPeaktothewest.Thesplendidpinetrees,clearstreams,andthegrotesquestonesallmakePanshanMountainScenicSpotattractive.Idealsightseeingseason:EarlyJanuarytoearlyMarchOpeninghours:8:00—18:00Ticketprice:1.Asingleticket:118yuanperperson(afreetickettothePaintingandCalligraphyAcademyinPanshanMountain+aticketforTianxiaPanshan—aperformanceintroducingPanshan’sscenery).2.Ticketpackages:(1)198yuan/person(anentranceticket+asingletripelectro-mobileticketgoinguptothetop+aone-waycablewaytickettoWansongTemple)(2)168yuan/person(anentranceticket+aone-waycablewaytickettoWansongTemple)(3)178yuan/person(anentranceticket+aone-waycablewaytickettoGuayuePeak)3.Astudentoraseniorticket:62yuanperpersonAddress:Lianhualingvillage,GuanzhuangTown,JizhouDistrict,Tianjin.Telephone:+86-22-29821235Website:/index.html(Chinese)21.WhatdoweknowaboutPanshanMountain?A.ThemountainbecamepopularintheHanDynasty.B.Ithasattractivesceneryanduniqueculture.C.ItissurroundedbyZigaiPeaktothenorthandZilaiPeaktothesouth.D.E-mailisavailableonitswebsiteforyoutobooktheticket.22.WhenareyourecommendedtovisitPanshanMountain?A.InDecember. B.InJuly. C.InSeptember. D.InFebruary.23.Howmuchshouldacoupleandtheir10-year-oldgirlpaytovisitGuayuePeak?A.458. B.418. C.398. D.298.【答案】21.B22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要是對天津盤山風景區(qū)的介紹，內(nèi)容涉及風景區(qū)的主要景點、最佳游覽時間、營業(yè)時間以及一些門票的優(yōu)惠信息?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“PanshanMountainislistedamongthenational5AScenicSpotsandiswell-knownforitsnaturalscenery,Buddhisttemples,androyalgardens.(盤山是國家5A級風景名勝區(qū)，以自然風光、佛教寺廟和皇家園林而聞名。)”可知，盤山風景區(qū)以其自然風景、佛教寺廟和皇家花園而聞名，游客在欣賞自然風光的同時，也可以體會那里的佛教文化。故選B?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Idealsightseeingseason:EarlyJanuarytoearlyMarch(理想的觀光季節(jié):1月初至3月初)”可知最佳觀賞的游覽時間是一月到三月的早期，對應(yīng)選項February。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中團體票的優(yōu)惠“(3)178yuan/person(anentranceticket+aone-waycablewaytickettoGuayuePeak)”可知，參觀“GuayuePeak(掛月峰)”成人票178元/人，根據(jù)“Astudentoraseniorticket:62yuanperperson”可知，學生62元/人，所以總票價為“178+178+62=418”。故選B。BSigmaXi,theScientificResearchHonorSocietyishonoredtoannouncethatShirleyM.Malcomisthe2021receiveroftheGoldKeyAward.AstheSociety’shighesthonor,theGoldKeyAwardispresentedtoamemberwhohasmadeextraordinarycontributionstotheirprofessionandhasencouragedcriticalinnovationstoenhancethehealthofthescientificresearch,andtopromotethepublicunderstandingofscienceforthepurposeofimprovingthehumancondition.“Dr.Malcomhaspioneeredandchampionedmuchofthethinkingaboutdiversityandinclusivityinsciencethatisfinallybeingadoptedtoday.WearedelightedtopresentherwiththeSigmaXiGoldKeyAward,”announcedJamieVernon,executivedirectorandCEOofSigmaXi.“ItishardtooverstateDr.Malcom’scontributionstothesciencesandscienceeducation.SheisamodelofthevaluesthatSigmaXistandsfor,”saidSigmaXiPresidentRobertPennock.Trainedasazoologistandecologist,Malcomhasplayedmanyrolesinherdistinguishedcareer,includinghighschoolscienceteacher,universitytutor,andNationalScienceFoundationprogramofficer.InhercurrentroleasthesenioradvisoranddirectorofSEAChangeattheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience(AAAS),sheheadsinitiativesthatfocusonadvancinginstitutionaltransformationinsupportofdiversity,fairness,andinclusiveness.MalcomhasbeenapioneerandrolemodelforAfricanAmericanwomeninscience.Throughouthercareer,shehasadvocatedfortheadvancementofscienceeducationforminoritystudentsateverylevel,fromK-12throughcollege,graduateschool,andbeyond.ThesymbolismoftheGoldKeyAwardpaysrespecttotheearlydaysofSigmaXi(late1800stoearly1900s),whenacceptanceintotheScientificResearchHonorSocietywasoftenaccompaniedbythepresentationofasmallgoldkey.Thekeyrepresentedprideinthescienceorengineeringaccomplishmentsoftheholder.PreviousreceiversoftheawardincludeWalterE.Massey,GordonE.Moore,andNormanR.Augustine.24.WhywasDr.MalcomawardedtheSigmaXiGoldKeyAward?A.Becauseshewasazoologistandecologist.B.Becausesheworkedasahighschoolscienceteacher.C.Becauseshepromotedpublicunderstandingofvarietyandinclusivenessinscience.D.BecauseshesetuptheEducationandHumanResourcesProgrammes.25.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDr.Malcom?A.Innovativeandpioneering. B.Braveanddetermined.C.Considerateandoptimistic. D.Cautiousandfriendly.26.Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage?A.Dr.Malcomhasmadecontributionstostartinginstitutionaltransformation.B.Dr.Malcomhasadvocatedfortheadvancementofscienceeducationforallstudents.C.TheGoldKeyAwardisasymbolofprideandhonorinscience.D.TherearethreereceiversoftheGoldKeyAwardintotal.27.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A.Inabookreview. B.Inaguidebook. C.Inabiography. D.Inanewsreport.【答案】24.C25.A26.C27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了ShirleyM.Malcom因為對科學研究事業(yè)做出的杰出貢獻而獲得科學研究榮譽協(xié)會的金鑰匙獎。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中““Dr.Malcomhaspioneeredandchampionedmuchofthethinkingaboutdiversityandinclusivityinsciencethatisfinallybeingadoptedtoday.WearedelightedtopresentherwiththeSigmaXiGoldKeyAward,”announcedJamieVernon,executivedirectorandCEOofSigmaXi.(SigmaXi執(zhí)行董事兼CEOJamieVernon宣稱：“Malcom博士率先倡導(dǎo)并倡導(dǎo)了許多有關(guān)科學多樣性和包容性的思想，這些思想最終在今天被采納。我們很高興為她頒發(fā)SigmaXi金鑰匙獎”)”可知，Malcom博士獲得西格瑪西格瑪金鑰匙獎是因為她促進了公眾對科學多樣性和包容性的理解。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Dr.Malcomhaspioneeredandchampionedmuchofthethinkingaboutdiversityandinclusivityinsciencethatisfinallybeingadoptedtoday.(Malcom博士率先倡導(dǎo)并倡導(dǎo)了許多有關(guān)科學多樣性和包容性的思想，這些思想最終在今天被采納)”以及第四段中“MalcomhasbeenapioneerandrolemodelforAfricanAmericanwomeninscience.(Malcom一直是非裔美國女性在科學領(lǐng)域的先鋒和榜樣)”可推知，Malcom博士是一個有創(chuàng)新精神的開拓者。故選A。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“ThesymbolismoftheGoldKeyAwardpaysrespecttotheearlydaysofSigmaXi(late1800stoearly1900s),whenacceptanceintotheScientificResearchHonorSocietywasoftenaccompaniedbythepresentationofasmallgoldkey.Thekeyrepresentedprideinthescienceorengineeringaccomplishmentsoftheholder.(金鑰匙獎的象征意義是對西格瑪早期(19世紀末到20世紀初)的致敬，當時被接受為科學研究榮譽協(xié)會成員時，通常會贈送一把小金鑰匙。鑰匙代表了對持有人的科學或工程成就的自豪感)”可推知，金鑰匙是一種科學自豪和榮譽的象征。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“SigmaXi,theScientificResearchHonorSocietyishonoredtoannouncethatShirleyM.Malcomisthe2021receiveroftheGoldKeyAward.(科學研究榮譽協(xié)會SigmaXi榮幸地宣布ShirleyM.Malcom是2021年金鑰匙獎的獲得者)”結(jié)合文章主要報道了Malcom博士獲得科學研究榮譽協(xié)會的金鑰匙獎的事跡?？赏浦恼逻x自“新聞報道”。故選D。CDifferentcontextsaffectfoodproduction,processing,trade,marketingandconsumption.Asaresultofthis,thefoodavailability,accessibility,andaffordabilityaswellasconsumers’eatingbehaviourandnutritionalstatusvary.OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCovid-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.Consumerdemandplaysacrucialroleinfoodproductionandtheirdemandsdependonpurchasingpowerandpreference.Becauseofthelockdown,thereisnoworkformanypeople.Asaresult,theydonothaveenoughmoneytobuyadequatefoodfortheirfamilies.Theclosureofrestaurants,schoolmealsandtourismbusinessesmayreducethedemandforfreshfood.Peoplebuyfrozen,driedandcannedfoodwithlongershelflife.Energy-dense,lessnutritiousfoodsareoftenmoreaffordablethanfreshandnutritiousone.AccordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,Covid-19isnotlikelytobetransmittedthroughfood.However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonlyhamperfoodproduction,butalsotheprocessingandhandlingoffood.Ontheotherhand,non-perishablefoodwithlongershelflifemaygetpriorityoverperishablefoodconsideringthedemand.Someofthesefoodshavelowernutritionalvalue.?Aroundtheworld,millionsofpeopledependoninternationaltradeeitherfortheirlivelihoodorfoodsecurity.Thevirusoutbreakmightslowdownglobaltradeandmarketingoffood.Asaresult,countriesdependingonimportedfoodcanfacedifficulties.Theclosureofportsandothersupplyrestrictionswillpreventfoodsupply.Thepriceoftransferringfoodwithinandoutsideofthecountrymaygetmoreexpensive.Itmeansimportmaygetmoreexpensiveandexportmaybringlessmoney.?Ontheotherhand,therestrictionintransportandsupplycanbethecauseoffoodlossparticularlyforfreshfruitsandvegetables.Companiesmayfacedifficultiestoimporttheingredientsfordifferentproducts,whichmaydisturbtheproduction.28.Whydopeoplepurchasefoodswithlongershelflifeafterthelockdown?A.Becausethefoodsaremorenutritiousandmoreaffordable.B.Becausetheycanbuyenoughfoodfortheirfamilies.C.Becausethefoodsarefreshandfrozen.D.BecauseCovid-19reducedpeople’spurchasepower.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hamper”meaninparagraph3?A.Promote. B.Block. C.Spread. D.Resist.30.Whatcanbeinferredformthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Companiesmaymakemoreprofitsdependingonimportedfood.B.Theoutbreakoftheviruslimitstheimportandexportoffood.C.Thecostoffoodaroundthecountrywillincreasesharply.D.Inadequateingredientsleadstotheshortageoffreshfood.31.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CouldFoodProductionStandUptoCOVID-19?B.DoYouChangethePurchasingPreference?C.CanUniversalFoodSystemSurvivetheLockdown?D.WillPerishableFoodGiveWaytoNon-perishableFood?【答案】28.D29.B30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要說明了新冠病毒肺炎是如何影響全球食物體系的?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Consumerdemandplaysacrucialroleinfoodproductionandtheirdemandsdependonpurchasingpowerandpreference.Becauseofthelockdown,thereisnoworkformanypeople.Asaresult,theydonothaveenoughmoneytobuyadequatefoodfortheirfamilies.(消費者需求在食品生產(chǎn)中起著至關(guān)重要的作用，他們的需求取決于購買力和偏好。由于封鎖，很多人沒有工作。因此，他們沒有足夠的錢為他們的家庭購買足夠的食物)”可知，人們會購買保質(zhì)期更長的食物是因為很多人在封鎖期間沒有工作，沒有足夠的錢，即購買力下降。故選D?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“However,workerscangetinfectedbyeachotheriftheydonotmaintainsocialdistanceproperly.Shortageoflaborcannotonly”以及后文“foodproduction,butalsotheprocessingandhandlingoffood”可知，如果勞動者不保持適當?shù)纳缃痪嚯x，就有可能相互感染，所以因此造成了勞動力短缺，而勞動力短缺不僅會阻礙食品生產(chǎn)，還會影響糧食的加工和處理。故畫線詞意思是“阻礙”。A.Promote.促進；B.Block.阻礙；C.Spread.傳播；D.Resist.抵制。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thevirusoutbreakmightslowdownglobaltradeandmarketingoffood.Asaresult,countriesdependingonimportedfoodcanfacedifficulties.(病毒爆發(fā)可能會減緩全球食品貿(mào)易和營銷。因此，依賴進口糧食的國家可能面臨困難)”可推知，病毒的爆發(fā)會影響食品的進出口貿(mào)易。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“OnepossiblepictureispresentedheretoprovideanideaonhowCovid-19mightimpacttheglobalfoodsystem.(這里介紹了一種可能的情況，以說明新冠病毒會如何對全球糧食系統(tǒng)造成影響)”結(jié)合本文講述冠病毒對全球糧食系統(tǒng)的影響。故C選項“全球糧食系統(tǒng)能挺過封鎖嗎？”最符合文章標題。故選C。DFacialrecognitionsoftwarehasfoundanunlikelynewapplication:scanningthefacesofthousandsofBritishchildreninschoolcanteens.NineschoolsinNorthAyrshirewilltodaystarttakinglunchpaymentsbyscanningthefacesofpupils,claimingthatthenewsystemspeedsupqueuesandismoresecurethanthecardpaymentsandfingerprintscannerstheyusedpreviously.“It’sthefastestwayofrecognisingsomeoneatthetill,”saidDavidSwanston,themanagingdirectorofCRBCunninghams,thecompanythatinstalledthesystems.“Inasecondaryschoolyouhavearounda25-minuteperiodtoservepotentially1,000pupils.Soweneedfastproductivityatthepointofsale.”Hesaidtheaveragetransactiontimewascuttofivesecondsperpupil.However,privacycampaignerssaythereislittleneedtospreadoutfacialrecognitiontechnology,whichhasbeencriticizedforoftenoperatingwithoutgainingapprovalsfromtheowners.SwanstonarguedthatCRBCunningham’ssystem,whichusescamerastocheckagainstcodedface-printmodesstoredonserversattheschools,wasdifferentfromlivefacialrecognitionsystemsthatscanthroughcrowdstoidentifyfaces.Livefacialrecognitionhaspreviouslycauseddebateafterbeingusedbyschoolsforsecurityortomonitorattendance.NorthAyrshirecommitteesaidthat97percentofchildrenortheirparentshadgivenagreementforthenewsystem.“PupilsoftenforgettheirPINsandunfortunatelysomehavealsobeenthevictimofPINcheating,sotheyaresupportiveoftheplanneddevelopmentsandappreciatethebenefitstothem,”thecouncilsaid.Butsomeparentssaidtheywereunsurewhethertheirchildrenhadbeengivenenoughinformationtomaketheirdecision,andsuggestedthatpeerpressurehadalsoplayedarole.32.WhatcanweinferfromSwanston’sword?A.Hespeakshighlyofthesystem.B.Thesoftwareisintendedtopromotethesales.C.Thetechnologyhaspreviouslycauseddebate.D.ThesystemwillbehelpfulwhenthestudentsforgettheirPINs.33.Whatisnottheadvantageofthefacialrecognitionsoftware?A.Itspeedsupthequeues.B.Itissaferthanthepreviouspayments.C.Itoperateswithoutbeingapprovedof.D.ItbenefitsthepupilswhooftenforgettheirPINs.34.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheapplicationoffacialrecognitiontechnology?A.Supportive B.DisapprovedC.Objective D.Critical35.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Facialrecognitionhasbeenthebestwayadoptedsofar.B.Parentsdisagreewiththeapplicationoffacialrecognitionsystem.C.Thefacialrecognitionsystemcanbenefitthepupilswhoareforgetful.D.Schoolsspeedupcanteenqueueswithfacialrecognitiontechnology.【答案】32.A33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了人臉識別技術(shù)在學生食堂的使用，以及人們對這項技術(shù)使用的評價?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段DavidSwanston所說的話“It’sthefastestwayofrecognisingsomeoneatthetill”(它是在收銀臺最快的辨別某個人的方法。)可知，在DavidSwanston看來這項面部識別技術(shù)是最快捷的，這是在描述這項人臉識別技術(shù)的優(yōu)點，高度贊美其公司的產(chǎn)品。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“NorthAyrshirecommitteesaidthat97percentofchildrenortheirparentshadgivenagreementforthenewsystem.”(北艾爾郡委員會說97%的孩子和他們的父母都對這個新系統(tǒng)表示贊同。)可知，這項系統(tǒng)的實施是有人贊同的。所以C項描述和文章意思不一致，是錯誤的。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段介紹了面部識別技術(shù)運用于學校食堂這一現(xiàn)象；第二段Swanston介紹該面部識別系統(tǒng)的特征；第三段是介紹privacycampaigners的質(zhì)疑及Swanston的說明；第四段和第五段分別陳述了家長和學生們對此面部識別系統(tǒng)的不同觀點。綜上所述，全篇作者都在客觀陳述各方的不同觀點，所以作者的觀點是客觀的。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Facialrecognitionsoftwarehasfoundanunlikelynewapplication:scanningthefacesofthousandsofBritishchildreninschoolcanteens.”(人臉識別軟件已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個不可能的新功能：在學校食堂掃描數(shù)千名學生的臉。)可知，本文主要講述人臉識別技術(shù)在學生食堂的使用，加快了學生買飯的速度。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。PeopleArePeopleGlobalizationhasbroughtdifferentculturestogetherinawayunimaginableonehundredyearsago.Today,Chinese,Indians,Arabs,Africans,Anglos,andHispanicsmayallworkinthesameoffices,attendthesameschoolsorliveinthesameneighborhoods.Asculturesmeetwitheachother,manydifferencesstandout.____36____Wewanttoshow,however,thatthereismoretotheseculturesthandiversity.Let’stakeexamplesofthefollowingoldproverbs.“Honestyisthefirstchapterinthebookofwisdom.”“Onefalsehoodspoilsathousandtruths.”“Behonesttothosewhoarehonestandthosewhoarenothonest.”“Asacrificeisspoiledbyalieandthemeritofdevotionbyanactofcheating.”____37____Theseseemtobeasortofculturalunity.Wedon’twanttoimplyallculturesarethesame.Culturaldiversityisreal,andpeoplefromdifferentculturesviewmanysituationsindifferentways.____38____Theyarejustice,courage,patience,generosity,equality,mercy,kindness,respectfortheeldersandmanymore.Lyingandstealingappeartobewrongnomatterwhereyougo.Perhapssomeculturesmakeroomforextenuatingcircumstancesmorethanothers;perhapsdifferentculturesapplythesevirtuesindifferentways;andwhenvaluesareinconsistent,differentculturesmayplacedifferentlevelsofimportanceonthem.____39____Butbothculturesmaystillvalueboth.Tous,itseemsasifthereissomesortofcodeofrightandwrongthateveryoneintheworldseemstounderstand,regardlessofculture.Itisalmostasif,behindallofthediversity,onefindsacommonunderstanding—ahumanculture—thatgoesbeyondracial,social,andpoliticalboundaries.____40____A.Andoursocietyhaslatelystressedtheimportanceofdiversity.B.Allpeopleseemtoagreethatweoughttohaveuniqueculture.C.Eachvaluesupportsmanymoresayingsfromdifferentcultures.D.Thesesayingsfromfourseparateculturesallsupportthesamevalue—honesty.E.However,historically,differentculturesseemtoshareagreatmanycommonvalues.F.Itisalmostasif,despiteallourdifferences,weareallstillthesame—wearejustpeople.G.Forexample,oneculturemayleanmoretowardjusticeandanotherculturemoretowardmercy.【答案】36.A37.D38.E39.G40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了全球化將不同的文化聚集在一起，盡管我們有很多不同，但我們?nèi)匀皇且粯拥摹覀冎皇侨??！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Asculturesmeetwitheachother,manydifferencesstandout.(當文化相互碰撞時，許多差異就凸顯出來)”以及后文“Wewanttoshow,however,thatthereismoretotheseculturesthandiversity.Let’stakeexamplesofthefollowingoldproverbs.(然而，我們想要展示的是，這些文化不僅僅是多樣性。讓我們以下列古老諺語為例)”可知，however引出文化不僅有多樣性，可知本句也強調(diào)了多樣性的重要性。故A選項“我們的社會最近也強調(diào)了多樣性的重要性”符合語境，故選A。【37題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Honestyisthefirstchapterinthebookofwisdom.(誠實是智慧之書的第一章)”以及后文“Theseseemtobeasortofculturalunity.(這些似乎有一種文化統(tǒng)一性)”可知，上文介紹了關(guān)于誠實的諺語，下文說這些似乎有一種文化統(tǒng)一性，可知本句是在總結(jié)上文這些諺語所體現(xiàn)的價值觀：誠實。故D選項“這些來自四種不同文化的諺語都支持同樣的價值觀——誠實”符合語境，故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wedon’twanttoimplyallculturesarethesame.Culturaldiversityisreal,andpeoplefromdifferentculturesviewmanysituationsindifferentways.(我們并不想暗示所有的文化都是一樣的。文化多樣性是真實存在的，來自不同文化的人以不同的方式看待許多情況)”以及后文“Theyarejustice,courage,patience,generosity,equality,mercy,kindness,respectfortheeldersandmanymore.(它們是正義、勇氣、耐心、慷慨、平等、仁慈、善良、尊老敬老等等)”可知，本句與上文提到的文化多樣性構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出不同的文化中存在哪些共同價值感，后文則進行了具體列舉。故E選項“然而，從歷史上看，不同的文化似乎有很多共同的價值觀”符合語境，故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Perhapssomeculturesmakeroomf