選必三Unit4AdversityandCourageDiscoveringUsefulStructures（課件）-高二英語(yǔ)（人教版2019選擇性）

DiscoveringUsefulStructures新人教選擇性必修三Unit4AdversityandCourage目錄Lead-inPracticeandApplyObserveandDiscoverSummaryLearningobjectives:

Attheendofthislesson,studentsareableto:1.Tolearnthepresentperfectcontinuoustense2.TopracticethepresentperfectcontinuoustensebycompletingsomeexercisesLead-in：

ThisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.(diary1,Para.1)Wearenowcampedonthericeandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive,butspringiscoming,andtheicewillsoonbegintomelt.(diary2,Para.3)We

havebeenstrugglingfordays,butthingsonElephantIslandaregoingfrombadtoworse.(diary3,Para.1)Lookatthesentencesbelowandthinkwhatisthetenseofeachsentence.presentperfectcontinuoustense(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))ObserveandDiscover：

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：“have/hasbeen+現(xiàn)在分詞”基本含義：表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能剛剛停止，也可能仍在繼續(xù)。PresentPastFuturepresentperfectcontinuoustense(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí))ObserveandDiscover：

PastPresentFutureHeisvisitingthedoctor.have/has

been+v-ingWeusepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinueinthepresent.Youhavebeensayingthatforfiveyears.I’mfedupwithit.

ObserveandDiscover：

PastPresentFuturehave/has

been+v-ingWeusepresentperfectcontinuoustenseforactionsthatstartedinthepastandhavejustfinishedbuthaveconsequencesinthepresent.Tom’shandsareverydirty.Hehasbeenrepairing

thecar.ObserveandDiscover：

基本概念①Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.②TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.我們已經(jīng)等你半個(gè)鐘頭了。中國(guó)有2000年的造紙歷史。（動(dòng)作剛終止，不再繼續(xù)下去）（動(dòng)作還將繼續(xù)下去）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛終止，也可能還在進(jìn)行。1.Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.2.TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.3.IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.Theusageofthetense(1)①現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作還未結(jié)束，還要繼續(xù)

下去。其動(dòng)作是否繼續(xù)下去，則由上下文而定。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)多用于

動(dòng)詞，如live,learn,lie,stay,sit,wait,stand,rest,study等，并常和allthetime,thisweek/month,allnight/morning,recently,thesefewdays,inthepast+時(shí)間,severaltimes等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)以及

連用(與since和for連用時(shí)，動(dòng)作常會(huì)繼續(xù)下去)。持續(xù)延續(xù)性since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)for+時(shí)間段DoyouknowCCTV9?Yes,ithasbeenbroadcasting

Englishprogramssince2000.

DoyouknowCCTV9?Yes,ithasbeenbroadcastingEnglishprogramssince2000

2000futurenowbroadcastbroadcast強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性1.Allthesedayshehasbeenwriting

articlestoourmagazine.2.He

hasbeenpromising

tohelpyou.Hasn’thedoneit?3.I_______________(take)partinracesforaboutfouryears.4.Jack_______________(phone)Janeeverynightforthelastweek.②表示動(dòng)作并不是一直不停地進(jìn)行，而是在斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地

。havebeentakinghasbeenphoningTheusageofthetense(2)重復(fù)Gosh,isanybodyinit?Ihavebeenknockingatthedoorforhalfanhour!Gosh,isanybodyinit?Ihavebeenknockingatthedoorforhalfanhour!pastfuturenowknockknockknock強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)性1.Tomhas

alwaysbeen

working

hard.2.Youhave

been

coughing

alotlately!3.Whathave

youbeen

doing

tomydictionary?③帶有

，使語(yǔ)言表達(dá)更加生動(dòng)。Whatkindofemotiondoesthewriterexpressinthesesentences?贊許關(guān)切不滿Theusageofthetense(3)感情色彩Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Hereyouare!Sorry.i'mlate.Oh,youhavecomeatlast!Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufortwohours.Hereyouare!Sorry.i'mlate.pastfuturenowwait表示強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩Lookatthesentencesfromthetext

anddiscussthefunctionofthetense.表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直到說(shuō)話時(shí)還在進(jìn)行或可能還要繼續(xù)下去。表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù)，而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定在進(jìn)行。P38...thisistheadventurethatIhavebeendreamingof.P38Wearenowcampedontheiceandwehavebeenmanagingtosurvive.P39Wehavebeenstrugglingfordays,but...表示某種強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩,如：贊賞、批評(píng)、憤怒、失望等。Functionsofthetense.①Hehasbeenwritinganovel,whichwillbefinishednextmonth.②Hehaswrittenanovel,whichisbeingpreparedtocomeoutnow.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別③Ihavebeenvisitingmyhometownrecently,anditimpressesmedifferentlyeachtime.④Ihavevisitedmyhometownrecently,whosechangeshaveleftadeepimpressiononme.A:比較句子①②，___________________強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作未完成；而___________________強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束。has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneB:比較句子③④，_________________強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)，___________可以表示一次性動(dòng)作。has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneCompareandfindafinishedactionanunfinishedactionC:比較句子⑤⑥，____________________表示一種感情色彩；_____________則陳述一種事實(shí)。⑤Recentlyshehasalwaysbeenhelpingme.⑥Recentlyshehashelpedmealot.has\havebeendoinghas\havedoneD:比較句子⑦⑧_____________________強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為的結(jié)果、影響，而_______________________只強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作行為本身。⑦Therepairmanhasbeenrepairingthecaralltheafternoon.⑧Therepairmanhasrepairedyourcar,andyoucanhaveitnow.has\havebeendoinghas\havedone?有些動(dòng)詞不能用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，這些動(dòng)詞為：狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞：be，have，exist；情感動(dòng)詞：like，love，hate；感官動(dòng)詞：see，hear，know，feel，sound；短暫性動(dòng)詞：finish，marry，getup，come，go等。Ihaveknownhimforyears.Theyhavefinishedthework.ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

ObserveandDiscover：

resultoractivity?Myhandsareverydirty.l'vebeenrepairingmybike.MybikeisOKagainnow.l'verepairedit.ObserveandDiscover：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的句子，需要?jiǎng)幼餍袨榫哂醒永m(xù)性的特點(diǎn)。所以不具有延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞不適用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：gocomemarrydiefinishstartlikelovehatewantneedstoppreferknowmeanrealizeunderstandseembelieverememberbelongcontainconsist…ObserveandDiscover：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句和簡(jiǎn)單句的簡(jiǎn)單回答：陳述句一般疑問(wèn)句簡(jiǎn)單回答I/We/You/Theyhave(not)beenworking...He/She/Ithas(not)beenworking...HaveI/we/you/theybeenworking…?Hashe/she/itbeenworking...?Yes,I/we/you/theyhave.No,I/we/you/theyhaven’t.

Yes,he/she/ithas.No,he/she/ithasn’t.Readeachsituationandrewriteeachsentenceusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.(P41E2)PracticeandApply：

Stevestartedtoplayrugby(英式橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng))

attheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________Timmyisholdingatabletennisbat(球拍)

andhisshorthairisdamp(微濕的；潮濕的)

withsweat.Helooksalittletiredafterplayingtabletennisfortwohours.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Stevehasbeenplayingrugbysincetheageofeight.Nowhehasbecomeaprofessionalplayer.Timmyisholdingatabletennisbatandhisshorthairisdampwithsweat.Helooksalittletiredbecausehehasbeenplayingtabletennisfortwohours.PracticeandApply：

Dianehasn’tgotmuchsleepthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.______________________________________________________________________________________________Itriedtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.__________________________________________________________________________________________________Dianehasn’tbeensleepingwellthisweek.Shelooksterribletoday.I

havebeentryingtophoneyouthismorning.ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.Didthisactionstartfromthepastandlast/repeattillnow?Isitlikelythatthisactionwillcontinueinthefuture?Isthespeakerexpressingstrongemotioninthissentence?Isthespeakertryingtoemphasisetheactionhaslastedlong?ThinkingTimeCompletethesentencesbelowusingthecorrecttensesoftheverbsinbrackets.Thenexplainyourreasonstoyourpartner.PracticeandApply：

Forthewholemorning,theboardofdirectors_______________(discuss)theresolutiontoincreasewagesinthecomingyear.Jason’sonlyrecreationispainting.He______________(learn)howtopaintforoverfiveyears.Eventhoughwelostthegame,weshouldbeproudofourselvesbecausewe______(try)ourbestand_______(work)asateam.hasbeendiscussinghasbeenlearningtriedworkedPracticeandApply：

Hefinally________(finish)theresearchpaperunderhistutor’sguidance.MynephewSam_________________(collect)comicbookssincehewasfive.Nowhehasmorethantwohundredofthem.Thecompany__________________________________(launch)anadvertisingcampaigntopromoteitscorporateima