Unit4NaturalDisastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高一上學(xué)期英語人教版

Unit4NaturaldisastersDiscoveringusefulstructuresUnderlinetheattributeinthesentences1.Strangethingswerehappeninginthecountryside.

2.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.3.Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.4.Morebuildingsfelldown.5.Allhopewasnotlost.6.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.7.Thewomanintheroomismymother.8.Peoplethereareverykindtome.9.ThegirlwithabookinherhandisMary.10.Heisafamouswriterwhocomesfromasmalltown.

TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.

AppreciatethesentencesbelowandtranslatethemintoChinese唐山大地震是我曾祖母無法忘卻的可怕的經(jīng)歷。Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.

火山爆發(fā)后，住在我旁邊的這對(duì)夫婦志愿參加救援。Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.AppreciatethesentencesbelowandtranslatethemintoChineseMrLiisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.

李先生是一位建筑師，他為新城做的建筑設(shè)計(jì)贏得了大家的贊賞。為災(zāi)區(qū)提供的補(bǔ)給來自全國(guó)各地。

這些學(xué)生來自31班。

他們正在上課。

這些正在上課的學(xué)生來自49班。Thestudentsarefromclass49.Theyarehavingclass.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseThestudentswho/thatarehavingclassarefromclass49.

在主從復(fù)合句中，對(duì)某一名詞或代詞起修飾作用的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞叫關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。定語從句一般位于先行詞后。Thestudentswhoarehavingclassarefromclass49.先行詞關(guān)系代詞SummaryAttributiveClauseThestudentsarefromclass49.Theyarelisteningtotheclass.Thestudents

who/thatarelisteningtotheclassarefromclass49.1引導(dǎo)定語從句2代替先行詞3在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)成分關(guān)系詞1Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.FindmoresentenceswithAttributiveClausefromthetextonpage50

Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjured

inthequakewasmorethan400,000.2Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.3定語從句定義結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系詞復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句先行詞定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whowhomthatwhichwhoseaswhenwherewhyTheanalysisofattributiveclausewhich,who,whom,that,whose1.which

在從句中作主語、賓語或介詞賓語,指物。

Theyplantedthetreeswhich

didn’tneedmuchwater.

Thefishwhich

weboughtwerenotfresh.

Thisisthehousewhich

welivedinlastyear.

→Thisisthehouse________welivedlastyear.主語；指物賓語；指物介詞賓語；指物in

whichwhich作介詞賓語時(shí)，介詞既可放在關(guān)系代詞which之前，也可以放在從句中動(dòng)詞之后where定語從句的關(guān)系詞2.關(guān)系代詞whomTheboy(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesistheirmonitor.Thegirl(whom)thesoldierrescuedyesterdayisJohn’ssister.

Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismycaptain.總結(jié)：(1)關(guān)系代詞whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語，常可省略，也可用who/that來代替。(2)在從句中作介詞的賓語且直接跟在介詞后時(shí)，用whom，不用who。賓語（人）賓語賓語定語從句的關(guān)系詞3.關(guān)系代詞whichTherewerebuildingswhichhadbeendestroyedbytheearthquake.Thegoldmedal(which)shewonhasbeengiventoheroldschool.指物：作主語指物：作賓語總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞which指物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時(shí)可省略。定語從句的關(guān)系詞4.關(guān)系代詞thatYesterdayIreadanarticlethat/whichwasaboutnaturaldisasters.Doyouknowthegirlthat/whoistalkingwithourteacher?Thewoman(that/who/whom)Ireadaboutinthenewspaperhasjustwonagoldmedal.Thereport(that/which)MrTurnerhandedinwasaboutthemotorrace.指物：作主語指人：作主語指人：作賓語指物：作賓語定語從句的關(guān)系詞總結(jié)：that既可以指人，相當(dāng)于who或whom；也可以指物，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語，作賓語時(shí)可省略。4.關(guān)系代詞that定語從句的關(guān)系詞5.關(guān)系代詞whoseThisistheboywhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokencanhold40students.指人：作定語指物：作定語總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語從句中作定語。1.宜用that不宜用which的情況：(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all，little，few，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等不定代詞或者被all，much，little，no等詞修飾時(shí)。Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.

一切能做的都已經(jīng)做完了。1.宜用that不宜用which的情況：(2)當(dāng)先行詞被

theonly，thevery等修飾時(shí)。Musicistheonlythingthatinterestsme.(3)當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)或被序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。ThisisthemostshockingnewsthatIhaveeverheard.1.宜用that不宜用which的情況：(4)當(dāng)先行詞中既有人，又有物時(shí)。Shedescribedinhercompositionthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.

她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。2.宜用which不宜用that的情況：(1)關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)。ThehouseinwhichIusedtolivebecameruinsinthebigfire.(2)在非限制性定語從句中。Thetravellersawmanybuildingsalongtheway，whichwerequitedifferentfromthoseinhishometown.3.宜用who不宜用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞是I，you，he，they等人稱代詞或指人的不定代詞，如one，ones，anyone時(shí)。Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.

Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.

不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。(2)當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those時(shí)。Thosewhohavegoodmannerswillbehighlyrespected.

那些有禮貌的人會(huì)備受尊重。4.定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式Thesuitcasewhichliesonthegroundishers.lies總結(jié)：(1)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。4.定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式ThisisoneofthebookswhichwerewrittenbyCharlesDickens.

這是查爾斯·狄更斯所寫的書的其中一本。總結(jié)：(2)“oneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；were4.定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式HeistheonlyoneoftheboysinourclasswhohaslearnedFrench.

他是我們班男生中唯一一個(gè)學(xué)過法語的?？偨Y(jié)：（3）“theonlyoneof＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。hasdrills1)Herearesomeofthepeople________homesweredestroyedbythetyphoon"2)Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthepeople_______wereasleep.3)Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusinganything________theycouldfind.4)Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings_____________hadbeendamagedbythehurricanewererepaired.5）Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostin

thedisasterwastakentothehospital.that/whichthatwho/thatwhosewhoseP52drills6.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby______________shewasrescued.7.Isthistheyoungboy__________savedseveralotherstudentstrappedunderbuildings?8.Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________she’sspentworkingasasecretaryinour