Module6-課本同步語(yǔ)法1、2配套課件

1Module6OldandNewGrammar1Grammar22Grammar1-1.Presentation(5m)

Readthesentencesandfindoutthedifferencesbetweenthem.Theoldmanthatyoumetattheschoolgateisaprofessor.Theoldmanisaprofessor,whoisover80yearsold.ThetemplewhichwevisitedlastweekdatesfromSongDynasty.Thetemple,whichisaplaceofinterestinourhometown,datesfromSongdynasty.3Grammar1-2.Practice(5m)Findtherelativeclausesinthetextandidentifythem.Possibleanswers:MaoZedongwroteapoeminwhichhedreamedof“wallsofstonetoholdbackcloudsandraintillasmoothlakerisesinthenarrowgorges.”ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver,whichistheworld’sthirdlongestriver,hasbeenharnessedbytheThreeGorgesDam.TheThreeGorgesDam,whichisthebiggestconstructionprojectinchinasincethebuildingoftheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal,hasbeenbuilttocontrolfloodingandprovidehydro-electricpowerforthecentralregionofChina.44.SunYat-sen,whowastheleaderofthe1911Revolution,firstsuggestedtheideaofadamacrosstheYangtzeRiverin1919.5.Morethanamillionpeoplewholivedintheregionhavemovedfromtheirhomes.5Grammar1-3.Practice(5m)Doactivity1onpage54.Thekeytothequestions:aanddcontainessentialinformation;bandccontainextrainformation.aandddon’t,butbandcdobecausethemeaningstandswithouttheextraclause.Theonewithextrainformation.6Grammar1-4.Summary定語(yǔ)從句有限制性和非限制性?xún)煞N。限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞的附加說(shuō)明，去掉了也不會(huì)影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)，例如：

Thisisthehousewhichweboughtlastmonth.這是我們上個(gè)月買(mǎi)的那幢房子。（限制性）

Thehouse,whichweboughtlastmonth,isverynice.這幢房子很漂亮，是我們上個(gè)月買(mǎi)的。（非限制性）

72)當(dāng)先行詞是專(zhuān)有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí)，其后的定語(yǔ)從句通常是非限制性的，例如：

CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。

Myhouse,whichIboughtlastyear,hasgotalovelygarden.我去年買(mǎi)的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園。

Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.這本小說(shuō)很動(dòng)人，我已經(jīng)讀了三遍。

83)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)，例如：

HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,whichgreatlyupsetsme.他似乎沒(méi)抓住我的意思，這使我心煩。

Liquidwaterchangestovapor,whichiscalledevaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?，這就叫做蒸發(fā)。

說(shuō)明：關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句.9Grammar1-5.Practice(5m)Doactivity2and3onpage54Thekeytoactivity2:SunYat-sen,whobecamePresidentoftheRepublicofChinain1912,diedin1925.ThebuildingoftheGrandCanal,whichistheworld’slongestcanal,beganin486BC.Thesectionofthecanal,whichwasbuiltintheseventhcentury,wasmainlyusedforricetransportation.10Keytoactivity3:TheYangtzeriver,A,isthethirdlongestriverintheworld.TheThreeGorgesDam,C,isthebiggestconstructionprojectinChina.MaoZedong,B,wroteapoemaboutadamacrosstheYangtzeRiver.11Grammar2-1.Presentation(5m)Readthesentences,findoutthemeaningofthemandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Imetamanmygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.Imetamanwhomygrandfatherworkedwiththirtyyearsago.Iwantedtovisitthehousethatmygrandparentslivedin.ThebuswhichItookbacktomybirthplacewasfullofvisitorsfromotherpartsofChina.12Grammar2-2.Presentation(5m)Doactivity1onpage56.Thekeytothequestions:Yes,theydo.Thegrandfather.Yes,theycan.13Grammar2-3.Summary(2m)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略。當(dāng)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，則不能省略。14Grammar2-4.Practice(5m)Doactivity3and4onpage56.Thekeytoactivity2:1.that2.who3.thatcanbecrossedout4.that5.thatcanbecrossedout6.who15Thekeytoactivity3:Thedamtheybuiltprovidesalargeamountofpower.Thepowerstationwevisitedwasverymodern.Thevillagemygrandparentsusedtoliveisnearthelake.TheboatItookwentfromWuhantoZigui.16Grammar2-5.Presentation(5m)Doactivity2onpage56andfindouttheruleofthecontractionofrelativeclauses.Englishattributiveclausescanbereducedtovariousphrasessuchasparticiplephrases,adjectivephrases,nounphrases,prepositionalphrasesandinfinitivephrases.有些定語(yǔ)從句可以縮略為各種短語(yǔ)，如分詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)、名詞短語(yǔ)、介詞短語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)等，且句意不受影響。我們稱(chēng)這一語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象為定語(yǔ)從句的縮略。

171、縮略為分詞短語(yǔ)：

有些定語(yǔ)從句可直接略去作主語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞（who,which,that）和部分謂語(yǔ)（am,is,are，were等，從而使之縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)或過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。例如：

1）

Iknowthemen(whoare)sittinginthatcar.我認(rèn)識(shí)坐在那輛汽車(chē)?yán)锏哪切┤恕?/p>

2）

Theboyshelpedthepeople(thatwere)hurtintheaccident.

.

那些男孩子救助了事故

中受傷的人們。

183）

Theproblem(whichis)botheringeverybodyisthelackofmoney.

令大家麻煩的問(wèn)題是缺少資金。

4)Thebook(thathasbeen)giventohimisanEnglishnovel.

給他的那本書(shū)是一部英語(yǔ)小說(shuō)。

19有些定語(yǔ)從句不能按上述方法直接縮略，而需變動(dòng)詞為分詞。這類(lèi)定語(yǔ)從句一般縮略為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，且在縮略時(shí)要考慮現(xiàn)在分詞的時(shí)態(tài)和詞態(tài)特征。例如：

5）

Themanwhoownsthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking

→Themanowningthatcarwillbefinedforillegalparking.

那輛汽車(chē)的主人將因違章停車(chē)而被處以罰款。

206）

Bill,whohadtakenchemistryinhighschool,of