2018學(xué)年高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語講義必修一Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernhero

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識(shí)記默寫關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．meanadj. 吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj. 慷慨的；大方的3．easy-goingadj. 隨和的；溫和寬容的4．selfn. 自我；自身5．selfishadj. 自私的6．selflessadj. 無私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv. 無私地；忘我地[第二屏聽寫]8．invadern． 侵略者9．republicn. 共和國；共和政體10．principlen. 法則；原則；原理11．livelihoodn. 生計(jì)；謀生12．mankindn. 人類13．lawyern. 律師14．legaladj. 法律的；依照法律的15．feen. 費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金[第三屏聽寫]16．leaguen． 同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)17．YouthLeague 青年團(tuán)18．quoten. 引用語；語錄19．releasevt. 釋放；發(fā)行20．blanketn. 毛毯；毯子21．terrorn. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)22．a(chǎn)nti-[前綴] 反；抗；阻23．a(chǎn)nti-blackadj. 反黑人的[第四屏聽寫]Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)1．qualityn． 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj. 熱心腸的3．a(chǎn)ctiveadj. 積極的；活躍的4．devotevt. (與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于5．devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的6．foundvt. 建立；建設(shè)7．peacefuladj. 和平的；平靜的；安寧的8．hopefuladj. 懷有希望的；有希望的[第五屏聽寫]9．youthn． 青年；青年時(shí)期10．guidancen. 指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)11．stagen. 舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期12．votevt.&vi. 投票；選舉n. 投票；選票；表決13．a(chǎn)ttackvt. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊14．equaladj. 相等的；平等的15．willingadj. 樂意的；自愿的[第六屏聽寫]16．unfairadj. 不公正的；不公平的17．escapevi.&vt. 逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露18．educatevt. 教育；訓(xùn)練19．educatedadj. 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的20．begvi. 請(qǐng)求；乞求21．relativen. 親戚；親屬22．rewardn. 報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt. 酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞[第七屏聽寫]23．sentencevt. 判決；宣判24．presidentn. 總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長；校長；行長25．opinionn. 意見；看法；主張26．violencen. 暴力；暴行27．crueltyn. 殘忍；殘酷28．out_of_work 失業(yè)29．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact 事實(shí)上[第八屏聽寫]30．blow_up 使充氣；爆炸31．in_trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中32．turn_to 求助于；致力于33．lose_heart 喪失勇氣或信心34．e_to_power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)35．set_up 設(shè)立；建立36．be_sentenced_to 被判處……(徒刑)

二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點(diǎn)再過基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.meanadj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的2．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的3．republicn.共和國；共和政體4．principlen.法則；原則；原理5．mankindn.人類6.lawyern．律師7．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的8．blanketn.毛毯；毯子9．terrorn.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖時(shí)期；恐怖活動(dòng)10．invadern.侵略者11.livelihoodn.生計(jì)；謀生12．feen．費(fèi)(會(huì)費(fèi)、學(xué)費(fèi)等)；酬金13．leaguen.同盟；聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)合會(huì)14．quoten.引用語；語錄15．releasevt.釋放；發(fā)行表達(dá)單詞1.qualityn．質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì)2．warm-heartedadj.熱心腸的3．foundvt.建立；建設(shè)4．hopefuladj.懷有希望的；有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年時(shí)期6．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決7．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露8．rewardn.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞9．presidentn.總統(tǒng)；會(huì)長；校長；行長10．opinionn.意見；看法；主張11．stagen.舞臺(tái)；階段；時(shí)期12．a(chǎn)ttackvt.進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊13．willingadj.樂意的；自愿的14．begvi.請(qǐng)求；乞求[語境活用]1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(建立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Ourpanyismoreconcernedwithquality(質(zhì)量)thanquantity.3．Theymanagedtoescape(逃脫)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4．Thegovernmentrewarded(獎(jiǎng)賞)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5．Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(投票)orchoosetheirleaders.6．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(看法)inorganizingclassactivities.7．Chinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage(舞臺(tái))．拓展單詞1.activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activelyadv.積極地；活躍地→activityn．活動(dòng)2．devotevt.獻(xiàn)身；專心于→devotedadj.忠實(shí)的；深愛的→devotionn．關(guān)愛；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠3．peacefuladj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefullyadv.和平地→peacen．和平；平靜；和睦4．guidancen．指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)→guidevt.帶領(lǐng)；引導(dǎo)n．向?qū)?．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的→violentlyadv.猛烈地；劇烈地6．equaladj.相等的；平等的→equalityn．平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；公平地7．educatevt.教育；訓(xùn)練→educatedadj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家[語境活用]1．Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2．Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3．Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4．Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5．Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)(二)常用短語寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.out_of_work失業(yè)2．a(chǎn)s_a_matter_of_fact事實(shí)上3．blow_up使充氣；爆炸4．in_trouble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5．turn_to求助于；致力于6．lose_heart喪失勇氣或信心7．e_to_power當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺(tái)8．set_up設(shè)立；建立9．be_sentenced_to被判處……(徒刑)10．be_willing_to_do_sth._愿意做某事11．be_in_prison蹲監(jiān)獄12．in_one's_opinion在某人看來1.Manyuniversitystudentsdreamofsetting_uptheirownpaniesaftergraduating.2．Don'tlose_heart!Tryagainandyouwillgetwhatyouwant.3．Accordingtothereport,thenewpresidentwille_to_powerattheverybeginningofnextmonth.4．Becausehehasbeenout_of_workformonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.5．However,whenitissomethingbeyondmypetence,Iturn_tomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.6．Iknewwewerein_trouble_whentheelevatorstopped.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdayistrue.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。擬人修辭手法。主語是時(shí)間或地點(diǎn)名詞，謂語是see,find等動(dòng)詞，表示經(jīng)歷或目睹了某事。近幾年一些環(huán)境災(zāi)難大規(guī)模地出現(xiàn)，專家們預(yù)測更壞的局面即將來臨。The_last_few_years_have_seenenvironmentaldisastersonagrandscale,andexpertsarepredictingfarworsetoe.2onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only修飾狀語放在句首，句子用部分倒裝。事實(shí)上，只有不斷地行動(dòng)，不斷地調(diào)整計(jì)劃，我們才能達(dá)到我們的最終目標(biāo)。(2016·浙江高考寫作)Actually,only_by_getting_moving_and_constantly_adjusting_the_plan_can_we_achieveourfinalgoal.3.IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。thefirsttime“第一次……”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。他第一次看見瑪麗就愛上她了。HefellinlovewithMarythe_first_time_he_sawher.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯(cuò)類——勤覽1.be_different_from與……不同2．be_hard_on_sb.對(duì)某人苛刻；對(duì)某人要求嚴(yán)厲3．be_kind_to_sb.對(duì)某人友好4．be_necessary_to_do_sth.有必要做某事5．be_patient_with對(duì)……有耐心6．bepatientofsth.容忍某物e_true實(shí)現(xiàn)2．take_a_message_捎口信3．keep_a_diary寫日記4．haveagreatday過得愉快5．Wetpaint!油漆未干！6．beuptosb.由某人決定1.gotothemovie/cinema看電影2．gotoschool上學(xué)3．gotocollege上大學(xué)4．eatwell吃得好5．tastegood好吃6．makeafire生火一、過重點(diǎn)單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點(diǎn))1．devotevt.(與to連用)獻(xiàn)身；專心于[高考佳句]IfeelthatI'vebeengivenasecondlifetodevotetosomethingthatismeaningfulandenormous.我感覺我被給予另一種生活去致力于做一些有意義而又偉大的事。ote...to... 把……奉獻(xiàn)于……devoteoneselfto 獻(xiàn)身于……；致力于……(2)devotedadj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 專心于……；奉獻(xiàn)于……(3)devotionn. 關(guān)愛；獻(xiàn)身；奉獻(xiàn)；忠誠[多角練透]單句語法填空①Oncemarried,Joedevotedherlife_to_lookingafterchildrenandbeingafull-timehomemaker.②Devoting(devote)herself/Devoted(devote)toteachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.補(bǔ)全句子③Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouare_fully_devoted_toyourwork.除非你完全專注于你的工作，不然你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)獲得成功。用devote的相關(guān)短語完成小片段LiLeiis④my_devoted_friend(我忠實(shí)的朋友).Sincegraduation,he⑤has_been_devoted_to/has_devoted_himself_to(致力于)improvingtheeducationofthelocalpeople.Inadditiontoteaching,he⑥has_devoted_a_lot_of_time_to_raising_money(已把大量時(shí)間用于籌集資金)tobuildmoreschools.⑦His_devotion_to(他對(duì)……的奉獻(xiàn))thisworkmovesthepeopledeeply.以下短語中to是介詞，不是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。①lookforwardtodoingsth. 盼望做某事②objecttodoingsth. 反對(duì)做某事③getdowntodoingsth. 開始做某事④payattentiontodoingsth. 注意做某事⑤be/getused/accustomedtodoingsth. 習(xí)慣于做某事eq\a\vs4\al([聯(lián)想發(fā)散])2．votevt.&vi.投票；選舉n.投票；選票；表決[經(jīng)典例句]AftertheBrexitvote,alotofdiscussionshaveariseninEuropeanUnion.在英國脫歐公投后，歐盟中掀起了很多爭論。votefor 投票支持voteagainst 投票反對(duì)voteon 投票表決[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①Hewasgratefultothosesupporterswhovotedforhim.②Whetheryouvotefororagainsttheplandoesn'tseemtomatterverymuch.③Aswecan'tagreeonthismatter,let'svoteonit.3．equaladj.相等的；平等的；同等的；勝任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物[教材原句]ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.但是我很樂意幫忙因?yàn)槲抑滥菍椭覀儗?shí)現(xiàn)使黑人和白人平等的夢(mèng)想。sth./doingltosth./doingsth. 等于/勝任(做)某事withoutequal 無與倫比sb./sth.sb./sth.in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得過、敵得過某人/物(2)equalityn. 平等；相等equallyadv. 相等地；公平地；同樣地[多角練透]單句語法填空①Anymanwillbeequaltothetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.②It'ssaidthatnobodycanequalhiminintelligence.③Menandwomenmustbetreatedequally(equal)ineducationandemployment.單句寫作④其次，要積極向上和開心，因?yàn)槟愕男睦斫】岛蜕眢w健康同等重要。(2014·江西高考書面表達(dá))Foranother,bepositiveandcheerful,foryourmentalhealthis_equal_to_your_physical_health.[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“勝任……”的其他常見表達(dá)：①beupto②befitfor③bequalifiedfor4．escapevi.&vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露；被遺忘n.逃脫[教材原句]Itwasaprisonfromwhichnooneescaped.那是一座任何人也逃不出去的監(jiān)獄。(1)escape(doing)sth. 逃避(做)某事escapefrom 從……逃脫；逃避(2)anarrowescape 九死一生；死里逃生[多角練透]單句語法填空①Heescapedbeing_killed(kill)intheexplosionbecausehehadnotgonetowork.②Seeingthepoisonousgasescapingfromthebrokenpipe,hesoundedthealarm.寫出加黑單詞在語境中的含義③Boblookedbackonlytofindanoldclassmatewhosenameescapedhimforthemoment.被遺忘5．rewardn．報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞[經(jīng)典例句]Maketheextraefforttoimpressthebuyerandyouwillberewardedwithaquickersale.多用心去打動(dòng)顧客，貨物就會(huì)更快售出。(1)asareward(for...) 作為(對(duì)……的)報(bào)酬/獎(jiǎng)賞inrewardfor 為酬謝……；作為……的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)(2)rewardsb.with...forsth. 為某事而用……酬謝某人(3)rewardingadj. 值得做的；有益的；有意義的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Wegavehimagiftasarewardforhiskindness.②Hereceivedamedalinrewardforhisbravery.③Theyrewardedthewinnerswithgiftsoffruitsandflowerswhenthematchended.單句寫作④你提到你教我英語作為回報(bào)，這恰恰正是我想要的。(2015·四川高考書面表達(dá))Youmentionedthatyou_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_whichisexactlywhatIwant.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Thetownwasfounded(建立)byEnglishsettlersin1970.2．Itseemsunfair(不公平的)tomakehimpayforeverything.3．Thechildrenareatdifferentstages(階段)ofdevelopment.4．Ifeelhopeful(有希望的)thatwe'llfindagoodhouse.5．Activitiesalltakeplaceundertheguidance(指導(dǎo))ofafamousexpert.6．It'smyprinciple(原則)tobehonestandkind-hearted.7．Itwasgenerous(大方的)ofhimtopayforusboth.8．Althoughheisnearly80,heisstillveryactive(積極的)．9．Asamatteroffact,Iamwilling(樂意的)todiscusstheproblem.10．Sheisalwaysverymean(吝嗇的)withmoney.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Underourteacher'scarefulguidance(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.2．Themanshouldbecondemnedforhiscruelty(cruel)tohiswife.3．Itdoesseriousharmtochildren'scharacterthattoomuchviolence(violent)isshownontelevision.4．Hewas_attacked(attack)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.5．Thispositionisequally(equal)suitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.6．Althoughhemadeaseriousmistakeinhiswork,hewasluckytoescapebeing_fired(fire)byhisboss.7.Withthespeechesfinished,wevotedto_choose(choose)themonitor.8．Peopleinallcountrieswantapeaceful(peace)worldratherthanonefilledwithwars.9．Thoughhehasmetwithmanydifficultiesoverthepasttwoyears,heisstillhopeful(hope)．10．Highschooleducation(educate)isveryimportantforstudents,becauseitcanhelpthemtochoosetheirfuture.Ⅲ.一句多譯/句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．我送給他一本從上海買的書來答謝他的幫助。①IgavehimabookboughtfromShanghaiin_reward_for_his_help.(rewardn．)②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_IgavehimabookwhichwasboughtfromShanghai.(rewardn．)③I_rewarded_him_with_a_bookwhichIboughtfromShanghaiforhishelp.(rewardv．)2．Hedevotedhimselftomunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.①Devoting_himself_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotevt.)②Devoted_to_munity_activities,_hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(devotedadj.)二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．introuble在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中[高考佳句]Asisknowntousall,ifweareintrouble,itisnotourphonesbutourfriendsthatcanreallyhelpusout.(2014·重慶高考寫作)眾所周知，如果我們有困難，是朋友而不是手機(jī)可以真正地幫助我們擺脫困境。askfortrouble 自找麻煩；自討苦吃getintotrouble 陷入困境；惹麻煩havetroubleindoingsth./withsth. 做某事有困難/麻煩takethetroubletodosth. 不怕費(fèi)事或困難盡力做某事[多角練透]單句語法填空①Ifyouareintrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand.②Wheneverwehavetroublewithourstudies,ourteachershelpuspatiently.③Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadpersuading(persuade)himtochangehismind.④Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetakento_help(help)us.補(bǔ)全句子⑤WhatworriesmealotisthatIam_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.讓我十分擔(dān)心的是我在收集信息和使用語言方面確實(shí)有困難。2．turnto求助于；翻到(書的某頁)；致力于；開始從事；查閱[教材原句]WhydidNelsonMandelaturntoviolencetomakeblackandwhitepeopleequal?為什么納爾遜·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？[一詞多義]寫出下列句中turnto的含義①Heisreadytohelpothers,seldom,ifever,refusingthemwhentheyturntohim.求助于②Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.開始從事③Youshouldn'talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoumeetnewwordsinreading.查閱④PleaseturntoPage40.翻到[歸納拓展]turndown 關(guān)??；拒絕turnaway 拒絕……入內(nèi)；把……打發(fā)走turnup 出現(xiàn)；露面；調(diào)大turnout 證明是；結(jié)果是；趕走；生產(chǎn)turnover 打翻；翻身；移交⑤Somepromiseswereunavoidable,butthevideoturned_outperfect.(2017·北京高考書面表達(dá))一些妥協(xié)是不可避免的，但視頻證明是極好的。3．loseheart喪失勇氣或信心；灰心；泄氣[教材原句]Thescientistfromwhomweheardthegoodnewsneverlostheartwhenhewasintrouble.我們從其口中獲得好消息的科學(xué)家遇到困難時(shí)從不灰心。[歸納拓展]①putone'sheartinto 一心撲在……上②learnsth.byheart 背誦；記牢……③strike...intoone'sheart 使……刻骨銘心④heartandsoul 全心全意地⑤fromthebottomofone'sheart 從某人的心底[應(yīng)用領(lǐng)悟]①Thoughbeatenbytheoppositeteam,theydidn'tloseheart.雖然被對(duì)方球隊(duì)擊敗，但他們沒有喪失信心。②Aslittleboysandgirlshaveaverygoodmemory,theycanlearnalotofEnglishwordsbyheart.由于小男孩和小女孩的記憶力非常好，他們能記住很多英語單詞。③Thereisanoldsayinggoeslikethis,“Nothingistoohardifyouputyourheartintoit.”有句老話是這樣說的，“世上無難事，只怕有心人”。4.擬人修辭手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。(1)see意為“見證，目睹，經(jīng)歷”時(shí)，常以表示時(shí)代、年代、世紀(jì)或地點(diǎn)的名詞作主語，表示某時(shí)或某地“目睹，發(fā)生，經(jīng)歷”了某事。(2)與see用法相同的動(dòng)詞有find,witness,say,experience等，這些詞在句中作謂語，用物作主語時(shí)，表示一種擬人的手法，以增添語言色彩，使表達(dá)更形象。①The_year_1949_saw_the_foundingofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.1949年見證了中華人民共和國的建立。②ThetwostonelionsstandinginfrontofTian'anmensaw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安門前的這兩只石獅目睹了許多重大的歷史事件。5．“only＋狀語”置于句首的倒裝句式...only_then_did_wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修飾狀語(通常是副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句等)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。①Onlybyunderstandingandlearningfromeachothercan_we_spendthosedaystogetherhappily.(2014·天津高考書面表達(dá))只有通過相互理解彼此學(xué)習(xí)我們才能一起開心地度過那些美好的日子。②There'snodenyingthatonlyifwedealwithandoverelargenumbersofdifficultiesinacorrectwaywill_we_achieve_our_dreams.(2015·湖南高考寫作)不可否認(rèn)，只有我們以正確的方式處理和克服大量的困難我們才會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的夢(mèng)想。[名師指津](1)“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only放在句首修飾主語時(shí)不用倒裝。③Onlyafewofthechildrenhaven'tyetgotachanceofbeingeducated.仍有少數(shù)兒童未得到受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。6．thefirsttime引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。有類似用法的詞語還有：(1)each/everytime 每次……的時(shí)候nexttime 下次……時(shí)thelasttime 上次……時(shí)eq\a\vs4\al(2,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(themoment/theminute/theinstant,immediately/instantly/directly)) 一……就……①The_first_time_he_met_the_girlhewasstruckbyherwisdomandfellinlovewithher.他第一次遇到這個(gè)女孩就被她的睿智所打動(dòng)并愛上了她。②Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_maninthepark,heisabsorbedinreadingnewspapers.每次我在公園里看到這位老人時(shí)，他都在專注地看報(bào)。[名師指津]thefirsttime表示“第一次”，在句中可作賓語、表語，還可以用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。forthefirsttime表示“第一次”，獨(dú)立作狀語，不引導(dǎo)從句。③Hebecameinterestedintheyoungteacher'slessonthe_first_timeheattendedhisclass.Hewassoexcitedinclassfor_the_first_time.他第一次上課時(shí)就對(duì)這位年輕老師的課感興趣。他第一次上課這么興奮。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Youcan'timaginethetroubleIhadhelping(help)himout.2．Intimewereachedastagewherewehadmoreyoungreadersthanoldones.3．Aftermanyfailures,hefinallysetuphisownpany.4．Nobodyseemstounderstand.Idon'tknowwhototurnto.5．Thethiefwas_sentenced(sentence)tofivemonthsinprisonbecausehestolethingsinashopwhenhewasoutofwork.Ⅱ.短語填空turnto，outofwork，blowup，bedevotedto，loseheart，introuble，beactivein，asamatteroffact1．Therewerenotenoughjobsforlotsofpeopleout_of_work.2．Atrueartistis_devoted_tohiswork.3．Ihavetogetmyfronttyresblown_up.4．You'llbein_troubleifhefindsthetruth.5．Manyscientistsareturning_toexploringnewenergy.6．Theboylost_heartwhenheknewhefailedtheexamagain.7．As_a_matter_of_fact,_Idon'tmindyoursmokinghere.8．Sheis_active_inallkindsofschoolactivities.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1．這是一個(gè)沒有收音機(jī)、沒有電話，也沒有電視的時(shí)期。(Thisisatimewhen)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_notelephonesornoTVsets.2．只有在那時(shí)我才意識(shí)到與所有的朋友脫離關(guān)系，從不與他們聯(lián)系是多么傻。(only引起的倒裝句)Only_then_did_I_realize_thatitwasfoolishofmetobreakawayfromallofmyfriendsandnevercontactthem.3．我第一次在會(huì)議廳演講時(shí)非常緊張。(thefirsttime)Iwasverynervousthe_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall.4．當(dāng)他的親戚朋友向他求助時(shí)，他總是樂于幫助他們。(turnto,bewillingtodosth.)Whenhisrelativesandfriends_turn_to_him_for_help,_heis_always_willing_togivethemahand.5．這座古廟見證了過去二百年里這個(gè)村莊的巨大變遷。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_villageinthepasttwohundredyears.Ⅳ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．IrealizedknowledgeisvaluableonlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seeking.①OnlywhenIhadanotherfailureinmyjob-seekingdid_I_realizeknowledgeisvaluable.②It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_job-seeking_thatIrealizedknowledgeisvaluable.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)2．Thegovernmentcametopowertwoyearsago.→Thegovernmenthas_been_in_powerfortwoyears.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對(duì)寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——定語從句(Ⅱ)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thereasonforwhichshechangedhermindisquiteclear.2．Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.3．Isawahouse,thewindowsofwhichwerebroken.4．Shehastwosons,bothofwhomgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.5．Nobodyknowsthereasonforwhichshedidn'tattendthemeeting.6．Wewentthroughaperiodwhenmunicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.7．Thechildren,allofwhomhadplayedthewholedaylong,werewornout.8．Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.9．Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.10．Theoldmanhastwosons,andbothofthemaredoctors.Ⅱ.用定語從句補(bǔ)全下列句子1．他不能到那里去的原因是他臥病在床。Thereasonwhy_he_could_not_go_therewasthathewasillinbed.2．我們生活在許多事情可以在電腦上做的時(shí)代。Wearelivinginanagewhen_many_things_are_doneonputer.3．畢業(yè)以后，他回到那個(gè)他長大的小鎮(zhèn)上。Aftergraduationhereturnedtothesmalltownwhere/in_which_he_grew_up.4．我不喜歡你跟你父母講話的方式。Idon'tlikethewaythat/in_which_you_speak_to_your_parents.5．那間在大火中被毀壞的屋子已經(jīng)被重新修好了。Thehousewhich_was_destroyed_in_the_terrible_firehasbeenrepaired.(二)課堂微寫作——概要寫作[題目要求]閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。EveryonewholivesinSanFranciscoknowsthatearthquakesaremoninthebayarea.Theyhadbeendevastating.In1906,forexample,amajorquakedestroyedabout28,000buildingsandkilledhundreds,perhapsthousandsofpeople.Residentsnowwonderwhenthenext“bigone”willstrike.It'sboundtohappensomeday.Atleastsevenactivefault(斷層)linesrunthroughtheSanFranciscoarea.Faultsareplaceswherepiecesofearth'scrust(地殼)slidepasteachother.Whenthesepiecesslip,thegroundshakes.Toprepareforthatday,scientistsareusingnewtechniquestoreanalyzethe1906earthquakeandpredicthowbadthedamagemightbewhenthenextonehappens.Onenewfindingaboutthe1906quakeisthattheSanAndreasFaultsplitapartfasterthanscientistshadthoughtatthetime.Duringsmallearthquakes,faultsrupture(斷裂)atabout2.7kilometerspersecond.Duringbiggerquakes,however,rupturescanhappenatratesfasterthan3.5kilometerspersecond.Atsuchhighspeeds,hugeamountsofpressurebuildup,producingundergroundwavesthatcancausemoredamagethanthequakeitself.LuckyforSanFrancisco,thesepressurepulses(脈沖)traveledalwaysfromthecityduringthe1906event.Asbadasthedamagewas,itcouldhavebeenfarworse.Lookingahead,scientistsaretryingtopredictwhenthenextmajorquakewilloccur.Recordsshowthatearthquakesweremonbefore1906event.Sincethen,theareahasbeenrelativelyquiet.Patternsinthedata,however,suggestthattheprobabilityofmajorearthquakestrikingthebayareabefore2032isatleast62percent.NewbuildinginSanFranciscoarequitesafeincaseoffuturequake.Still,morethan84percentofthecity'sbuildingsareoldandweak.Analysessuggestthatanotherbigearthquakewouldcauseextensivedamage.PeoplewholivetheretodaytendtofeelsafebecauseSanFranciscohasremainedprettyquietforawhile.Accordingtothenewresearch,however,it'snotamatterofwhetherthebigonewillhit.It'sjustamatterofwhen.參考范文：EarthquakesaremonintheSanFranciscoarea.(要點(diǎn)1)The1906earthquakekilledperhapsthousandsofpeopleanddestroyed28,000buildings.(要點(diǎn)2)Consideringthegeographicfeaturesthere,scientistspredictthatanotherbigquakewillebefore2032,withtheprobabilityatleast62percent.(要點(diǎn)3)Itwouldcauseextensivedamageduetothefactthat84%ofSanFrancisco'sbuildingsareoldandweak.(要點(diǎn)4)一、單元基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(限時(shí)25分鐘)Ⅰ.翻譯句子1．為了不受處罰，他開得盡可能快。(escapedoing)He_drove_as_fast_as_he_could_in_order_to_escape_being_punished.2．只有當(dāng)他完成全部的任務(wù)后，才被允許短暫休息一下。(allow)Only_when_he_had_finished_all_the_tasks_was_he_allowed_to_take_a_short_break._3．——今天，老師責(zé)備我遲到。——你本該向她解釋一下，你在上學(xué)路上把一個(gè)生病的老人送去了醫(yī)院。(shouldhavedone)—The_teacher_scolded_me_for_my_being_late_today.—You_should_have_explained_to_her_that_you_had_sent_a_sick_old_man_to_hospital_on_your_way_to_school.4．像我國的許多城市一樣，深圳在過去30年里發(fā)生了巨大的變化。(change)Like_many_cities_in_our_country,_Shenzhen_has_changed_greatly_in_the_past_thirty_years.5．因?yàn)闊o人可求助，日本發(fā)生地震時(shí)，外國游客感到非常無助。(turnto)With_no_one_to_turn_to,_when_the_earthquake_in_Japan_happened,_the_foreign_tourists_felt_helpless.6．只有對(duì)未來抱有希望，我們才能勇敢地面對(duì)所有的困難。(only引導(dǎo)狀語從句)Only_when_we_are_hopeful_for_our_future_can_we_be_brave_enough_to_face_all_the_difficulties.7．正是因?yàn)樗木薮筘暙I(xiàn)，他被授予了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。(award)It_was_because_of_his_great_contributions_that_he_was_awarded_the_Nobel_Peace_Prize._8．每次我瀏覽舊照片時(shí)，我就會(huì)回想起童年時(shí)的快樂日子。(bebackto)Every_time_I_go_through_the_old_photos,_the_happy_days_spent_in_my_childhood_were_back_to_me.9．在他一生中，他總是試圖去幫助那些比他更加不幸的人。(unfortunate)In_his_life,_he_has_always_tried_to_help_those_more_unfortunate_than_himself._10．起床后，他總是喝杯水，他覺得這對(duì)健康有益。(afterdoingsth.)After_getting_up,_he_always_drinks_a_glass_of_water,_which_he_believes_is_good_for_his_health._Ⅱ.完形填空Ayearago,whenmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIlefthome,myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry.Theyhadbuiltabeautifulhouseandtheylovetheirnew,pleasant__1__.Mydadstillworks,butMum__2__earlylastyearandisnow__3__andbeingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__.Shehastriedjoiningclubs,__5__peopleandintegrating(融入群體)intohernewmunitybutwithoutanyluck.Shestillknowsnoonedespiteherbest__6__.Theareatheyhavemovedtoisclosedand__7__tostrangers.Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily,__8__allday,everydaywithonlypetsforpany.Sheisveryintelligent,artistic,loyalandfunny—atrulyamazingperson.Shehasalwayshadlovelyfriendsandbeen__9__andbusy.Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．Recently,whenIchattoher,Ihavenoticedherlow__11__—shejokesthatshefeelsasifsheis__12__abitofcrazinessfromthequietand__13__.Aftermanyyearsofworkingand__14__afamily,sheshouldbefinallyfreetoenjoyherself.__15__，mysiblingsandIdonotlivenearbysowecannotvisitherfrequently—weallkeepincontactwithherbyphone.Mydaddoesn'tunderstandher__16__asheisoutatworkallday.Heisbusywithhisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappywhenlivinginsuchabeautifulplaceandwithoutthepressureofwork.Heisatalosshowhecan__17__thingsandfeelsguiltyand__18__forhowshefeels.Ithasgotsobadthattheyare__19__movingagaintoadifferentarea.However,Iaminfavorofthat.Friendshipand__20__arefarmoreimportantthanafancyhouse.語篇解讀：母親退休后，搬了新家，盡管房子很漂亮，但在新的地方，習(xí)慣了忙碌的母親卻感到不快樂和孤獨(dú)，作者由此得出：在人生中，友誼和快樂遠(yuǎn)比昂貴奢華的房子重要。1．A.scenery B．surroundingsC．a(chǎn)tmosphere D．a(chǎn)ttraction解析：選B根據(jù)前文的“myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry...lovetheirnew,pleasant”可知，他們?cè)谀抢锝ㄔ炝诵录也⑶乙埠芟矚g那兒的環(huán)境。故選B。scenery“景色，風(fēng)景”；surroundings“環(huán)境”；atmosphere“氣氛”；attraction“吸引人的事物”。2．A.dismissed B．displacedC．retired D．removed解析：選C根據(jù)前文的“Mydadstillworks”及“but”可知，此處前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以這里表示母親已經(jīng)退休。故選C。dismiss“解雇”；displace“取代”；retire“退休”；remove“搬走”。3．A.struggling B．imaginingC．seeking D．a(chǎn)ttempting解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“andbeingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__”可知，母親不太適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境，所以此處表示母親正努力適應(yīng)環(huán)境。故選A。struggle“奮斗，努力”；imagine“想象”；seek“尋找”；attempt“企圖”。4．A.available B．satisfiedC．painful D．a(chǎn)lone解析：選D根據(jù)后文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs，__5__peopleandintegrating(融入群體)intohernewmunitybutwithoutanyluck.”可知，她變得越來越不開心和孤獨(dú)。故選D。available“可獲得的”；satisfied“滿足的”；painful“痛苦的”；alone“孤獨(dú)的”。5．A.meeting B．recognizingC．tracking D．calling解析：選A根據(jù)前文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs”可知，此處與前后文在語義上形成并列，即她曾經(jīng)嘗試著加入俱樂部，結(jié)識(shí)周圍的人們，融入新的社區(qū)，但都不是那么幸運(yùn)，故選A。meet“結(jié)識(shí)，相識(shí)”；recognize“辨別出，承認(rèn)”；track“跟蹤”；call“打電話”。6．Aments B．regardsC．efforts D．pains解析：選C根據(jù)前文的“...butwithoutanyluck”可知，盡管母親付出了很大的努力但仍一個(gè)人也不認(rèn)識(shí)，故選C。ment“評(píng)論”；regards“致意，問候”；effort“努力”；pain“痛苦”。7．A.illegal B．unfriendlyC．dishonest D．innocent解析：選B此處表示我父母搬來的這個(gè)地方很封閉，對(duì)待陌生人也不友好，故選B?？涨暗腸losed“封閉的，閉關(guān)自守的”是解題的關(guān)鍵。illegal“不合法的”；unfriendly“不友好的”；dishonest“不誠實(shí)的”；innocent“純真的，無辜的”。8．A.stuck B．lostC．sleepy D．a(chǎn)ddicted解析：選A分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作狀語修飾句子的主語She。根據(jù)前文的“Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily”及后文的“everydaywithonlypetsforpany”可知，此處表示她整天困在家中，故選A。stuck“困住的”；lost“迷失的”；sleepy“瞌睡的”；addicted“入迷的，上癮的”。9．A.graceful B．messyC．a(chǎn)ggressive D．happy解析：選D根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Heisbusywithhisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappy”可知，母親曾經(jīng)是很幸?？鞓返?，搬家前后的生活形成了對(duì)比，故選D。graceful“優(yōu)雅的”；messy“凌亂的”；aggressive“好斗的，聲勢(shì)浩大的”；happy“高興的，幸福的”。10．A.escape B．bearC．undertake D．solve解析：選B此處表示看到母親忍受孤獨(dú)和打擊，我的心就要碎了，故選B。escape“逃跑”；bear“忍受”；undertake“從事”；solve“解決”。11．A.attitude B．conditionC．determination D．mood解析：選D此處表示我注意到母親的情緒有點(diǎn)低落，故選D。attitude“態(tài)度”；condition“狀況，狀態(tài)”；determination“決心”；mood“情緒”。12．A.makingup B．goingthroughC．pursuing D．witnessing解析：選B此處表示母親開玩笑似的說她好像正在經(jīng)歷來自安靜和孤獨(dú)的一絲瘋狂，故選B。makeup“編造，化妝”；gothrough“經(jīng)歷”；pursue“追求”；witness“目擊，見證”。13．A.pressure B．lossC．loneliness D．a(chǎn)mbition解析：選C根據(jù)前文“Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．”可知，此處為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選C。pressure“壓力”；loss“丟失”；loneliness“孤獨(dú)”；ambi