2018學(xué)年高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語講義必修三Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars

Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestars一、刷黑板——eq\a\vs4\al(詞匯全聽寫先過識記默寫關(guān))Ⅰ.閱讀詞匯(英譯漢)[第一屏聽寫]1．a(chǎn)stronomyn． 天文學(xué)2．a(chǎn)stronomern. 天文學(xué)家3．solaradj. 太陽的；日光的4．billionpron.&n.&adj. 〈英〉萬億；〈美〉十億5．carbonn. 碳6．dissolvevt.&vi. 溶解；解散7．a(chǎn)cidn. 酸[第二屏聽寫]8．mammaln． 哺乳動物9．dioxiden. 二氧化物10．extinctadj. 滅絕的；絕種的11．lessenvi.&vt. 減少；減輕12．weightlesslyadv. 失重地13．solarsystem 太陽系14．carbondioxide 二氧化碳_[第三屏聽寫]Ⅱ.高頻詞匯(漢譯英)1．systemn． 系統(tǒng)；體系；制度2．religionn. 宗教；宗教信仰3．theoryn. 學(xué)說；理論4．violentadj. 猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的5．a(chǎn)tmospheren. 大氣層；氣氛6．unlikeprep. 與……不同；不像7．fundamentaladj. 基本的；基礎(chǔ)的[第四屏聽寫]8．presencen． 出席；到場；存在9．harmfuladj. 有害的10．chainn. 鏈子；連鎖；鎖鏈11．reactionn. 反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)12．multiplyvi.&vt. 乘；增加13．oxygenn. 氧14．existvi. 存在；生存15．thusadv. 因此；于是[第五屏聽寫]16．puzzlen． 謎；難題vt.&vi. (使)迷惑；(使)為難17．biologyn. 生物學(xué)18．biologistn. 生物學(xué)家19．gravityn. 萬有引力；重力20．satelliten. 衛(wèi)星；人造衛(wèi)星21．gentleadj. 溫和的；文雅的[第六屏聽寫]22．physicistn． 物理學(xué)家23．climaten. 氣候24．crashvi.&vt. 碰撞；墜落25．spaceshipn. 宇宙飛船26．pulln．&vt. 拉(力)；拖；牽引力27．floatvi.&vt. (使)浮動；(使)漂浮n. 漂浮物[第七屏聽寫]28．globen． 球體；地球儀；地球29．exhaustvt. 用盡；耗盡；使精疲力盡30．in_time 及時；終于31．lay_eggs 下蛋32．give_birth_to 產(chǎn)生；分娩33．in_one's_turn 輪到某人34．prevent_..._from 阻止；制止[第八屏聽寫]35．block_out 擋住(光線)36．cheer_up 感到高興；感到振奮37．now_that 既然38．break_out 突發(fā)；爆發(fā)39．watch_out_for 密切注意；當(dāng)心；提防40．get_the_hang_of 熟悉；掌握；理解二、刷清單——eq\a\vs4\al(熱身自盤點(diǎn)再過基本應(yīng)用關(guān))(一)核心單詞閱讀單詞1.astronomyn．天文學(xué)2．a(chǎn)stronomern.天文學(xué)家3．solaradj.太陽的；日光的4．billionpron.&n.&adj.〈英〉萬億；〈美〉十億5.carbonn．碳6．dissolvevt.&vi.溶解；解散7．a(chǎn)cidn.酸8．mammaln.哺乳動物9.dioxiden．二氧化物10．extinctadj.滅絕的；絕種的11．lessenvi.&vt.減少；減輕12．weightlesslyadv.失重地表達(dá)單詞1.systemn．系統(tǒng)；體系；制度2．unlikeprep.與……不同；不像3．fundamentaladj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的4．multiplyvi.&vt.乘；增加5．gentleadj.溫和的；文雅的6．crashvi.&vt.碰撞；墜落7．pulln．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牽引力8．floatvi.&vt.(使)浮動；(使)漂浮n.漂浮物[語境活用]1．Atruckwentoutofcontrolandcrashed(碰撞)intothebackofabus.2．Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamental(基本的)skilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.3．Thoseanxiousforreformsaythatthepresentsystem(系統(tǒng))istoonarrow.4．Hefoundsomethingfloating(漂浮)onthelake，whichfrightenedhim.5．Ifyoumultiply(乘)twoandthree,youwillgetsix.拓展單詞1.religionn．宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的2．theoryn．學(xué)說；理論→theoreticaladj.理論的；理論性的3．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的→violencen．暴力→violentlyadv.猛烈地；激烈地4．harmfuladj.有害的→harmn．&v.傷害；危害→harmlessadj.無害的5．existvi.存在；生存→existencen．存在；生存6．puzzlevi.&vt.(使)迷惑；(使)為難n.謎；難題→puzzledadj.迷惑不解的；困惑的→puzzlingadj.令人迷惑的7．globen．球體；地球儀；地球→globaladj.全球性的；全世界的[語境活用]1．Therewasapuzzledlookonthelittlegirl'sfacebecauseapuzzlingproblempuzzledher.(puzzle)2．Doyoubelievetheexistenceofghosts?Perhapstheyonlyexistinthemindsofsomepeople.(exist)3．Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatwewillneveruseviolencewhateverhappens.(violent)4．Theharmfulmaterialsbecameharmlesstotheenvironmentafterbeingdealtwith.(harm)5．Heoftensaysthathedoesn'tbelieveinanyreligionbutmeanwhileherespectsothers'religiousfreedom.(religion)(二)常用短語寫準(zhǔn)記牢語境活用(選用左欄短語填空)1.in_time及時；終于2．lay_eggs下蛋3．give_birth_to產(chǎn)生；分娩4．in_one's_turn輪到某人；接著5．watch_out_for密切注意；當(dāng)心；提防6．cheer_up感到高興；感到振奮7．depend_on依靠；取決于8．break_out突發(fā)；爆發(fā)9．prevent_..._from阻止；制止10．block_out擋住(光線)11．get_the_hang_of熟悉；掌握；理解12．now_that既然1.Lastnight,Mrs.Greenhadaheartattack.Butluckily,thedoctorcamein_timetosaveherlife.2．Doremembertowatch_out_forcarswhilecrossingthestreet.3．Atlastthefirefightersputoutthefireinthesupermarket,whichbroke_outattenthismorning.4．Whentheprofessorturnedup,allthestudentscheered_up.5．ClassThreeshouldberesponsibleforraisingtheredflagthisweekin_its_turn.6．Onlybypractisingtimeandtimeagaincanyouget_the_hang_ofthegrammarrules.7．Shemarriedat25andgave_birth_toherfirstchildshortlyafter.(三)經(jīng)典句式原句背誦句式解構(gòu)佳句仿寫1.Thisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.這就產(chǎn)生了連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命的發(fā)展成為可能。make＋it＋adj./n.＋forsb.todo。掌握此項技術(shù)可能會讓我們更加有效地利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)。Masteringthetechnologymakes_it_possible_for_us_to_use_the_Internet_more_effectively.2.ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍遠(yuǎn)，因而我摔倒了。倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋as＋其他。在2016年里約奧運(yùn)會期間，里約的汽車的數(shù)量是我們預(yù)料的三倍。Therewerethree_times_as_many_cars_asweexpectedduringthe2016RioOlympicGamesinRio.3.“Oh,dear，”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”“天哪，”我大聲說，“(既然)重力改變了，看來走路也的確需要練一練了。”nowthat“既然；由于”，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，有時that可以省略。既然海倫理解了語言之謎，她非常渴望學(xué)習(xí)更多的詞語并且盡可能多地使用它們。Now_that_Helen_understood_the_key_to_language,_shewasveryeagertolearnmoreanduseitasmuchasshecould.4.Wewatched,amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth'sgravityincreased.我們驚奇地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。形容詞作狀語，說明主語的情況。當(dāng)輪到他發(fā)表演講時，他走到了麥克風(fēng)前，緊張而尷尬。Whenitwashisturntodeliverhisspeech,hewalkedtowardsthemicrophone,nervous_and_embarrassed.(四)初中考點(diǎn)再回顧高頻考查類——記熟文化差異類——辨清易忘易錯類——勤覽1.have_part-time_jobs有兼職工作2．have_meaning_to對……有意義3．haveasurpriseparty舉行一個驚喜派對4．haveconversationwithfriends與朋友對話5．havefundoing做……很愉快...ave...inmon有相同特征1.the_largest_population人口最多2．two_hours_later兩個小時之后3．evenbetter更好4．a(chǎn)coupleof少數(shù)5．checkout察看；觀察6．haveagoodknowledgeof通曉；精通1.cartooncharacters卡通人物2．woodenchopsticks木質(zhì)筷子3．Thebellrangloudly.鈴聲大作。4．Itisfuntodo做……是有趣的5．holdone'shand握住某人的手6．shakehandswithsb.和某人握手一、過重點(diǎn)單詞——eq\a\vs4\al(縱引橫聯(lián)超人一點(diǎn))1．harmfuladj.有害的[教材原句]Whatmanyscientistsbelieveisthatthecontinuedpresenceofwaterallowedtheearthtodissolveharmfulgasesandacidsintotheoceansandseas.很多科學(xué)家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，使地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。(1)beharmfulto 對……有害harmlessadj. 無害的(2)cause...harmto... 對……造成傷害/有害meannoharm 無惡意thereisnoharmindoingsth. 做某事沒有害處[多角練透]單句語法填空①Someboysaretoocrazyaboutplayinggamesontheputer,whichisveryharmful(harm)totheirhealth.②Ifyouwanttosolvetheprobleminthisway,thereisnoharmincallinghim.單句寫作③這些天，違反交通規(guī)則和亂扔垃圾的現(xiàn)象很常見，對生活和環(huán)境造成了嚴(yán)重的破壞。(2013·安徽高考書面表達(dá))Thesedays,breakingtrafficrulesandlitteringarenotunmon,causing/doing_serious_harm_to_lifeandtheenvironment.2．existvi.存在；生存[教材原句]Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.它們也下蛋，在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。(1)existin 存在于……之中existon 靠……為生...reexists... 某地有……；存在……(2)existencen. 存在；生存eintoexistence 產(chǎn)生；成立；開始存在(3)existingadj. 現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)行的[多角練透]單句語法填空①Nooneknowswhensuchacustomfirstcameintoexistence(exist)．②Hefindsithardtoexistonthemoneyhe'searning.③Thereexistedanobviousconflictbetweentheaccountsofthewitnesses,soajudgmentwasnotannouncedincourt.單句寫作④在我們學(xué)校，自行車的存放是一個長久以來就存在的問題。(2014·北京高考寫作)Theparkingplaceforbikeswas_an_existing_problem_for_a_long_timeinourschool.[名師指津]exist是不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)，也不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。3．puzzlevt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)為難n.謎；難題；(游戲的)猜謎[教材原句]Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve.地球上生命如何起源是科學(xué)家們覺得很難解決的最大的難題之一。(1)puzzleabout/over 冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)apuzzletosb. 一件讓某人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzlingadj. 令人迷惑的puzzledadj. 迷惑不解的；困惑的bepuzzledabout 對……迷惑不解[題點(diǎn)全練]單句語法填空①Thepolicearestillpuzzlingabout/overhowtheaccidentcouldhavehappened.②Wherethemissingplanehasgonestillremainsapuzzletous.③Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsuchapuzzling(puzzle)question,shestoodtherewithasurprisedlookonherface.④Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled(puzzle)．[名師指津]過去分詞形式的形容詞，如puzzled,confused,frightened,excited,surprised等，除了可以用來描述人的心理活動以外，還可以用來修飾與人有關(guān)的一些名詞，如look,voice,smile,expression,face等。Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．I'minapuzzle(迷惑)astohowtocopewiththenewsituation.2．Hewouldneverbeharmful(有害的)toanyone.3．Onetheory(理論)aboutthemoonisthatitisapiecebrokenofftheearth.4．Theantswerepulling(拖)piecesofcorn.5．OurEnglishteacherisamanofreligion(宗教信仰)．6．Studentsshouldpayspecialattentiontofundamental(基礎(chǔ)的)science.7．Inthisviolent(激烈的)conflict,helosthislife.8．Mancan'tlivewithoutwaterandoxygen(氧氣)．Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Herpuzzled(puzzle)lookonherfacesuggestedshedidn'tunderstandwhatIsaid.2．Thereweremanyfishfloating(float)intheriverbecauseoftheseriouspollution.3．Asisknowntous,thePeople'sRepublicofChinacameintoexistenceasanindependentcountryin1949.4．Notallpeopleareawareofthevariouseffectsofglobal(globe)warmingonEarth.5．Itiswrongtoseeviolence(violent)astheonlywaytosolveproblems.6．WhenIwasyoung,Ididn'tknowmuchabouttheharmful(harm)effectsofsmoking.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞補(bǔ)全句子1．眾所周知，過量喝酒對你的身體有害。(harmful)Whatisknowntousisthatdrinkingtoomuchis_harmful_to_your_health.2．他相信和中國建立更加良好的關(guān)系對這一地區(qū)的繁榮發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。(fundamental)HebelievesbetterrelationswithChinaare_fundamental_tothewell-beingofthearea.3．這個地區(qū)的建筑物是否需要拆毀還存在爭議，人們?nèi)耘f在尋找著其他可能的解決方法。(pull)Whetherthebuildingsinthisareashould_be_pulled_downhasremainedcontroversial;peoplearestilllookingforotherpossiblesolutions.4．幸運(yùn)的是，有一些現(xiàn)成的關(guān)鍵原則你可以遵循。(exist)Fortunately,there_existsomekeyprinciplesyoucanfollow.二、過短語、句式——eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)通學(xué)活靚人一眼)1．intime及時；終于[高考佳句]Asaproverbgoes,“Wherethere'sawill,there'saway.”O(jiān)ureffortswillpayoffintime.(2014·山東高考寫作)正如一句諺語所說，“有志者，事竟成”，我們的努力遲早會有所回報。...intimefor... 剛好趕上……intimetodosth. 及時做某事(2)innotime 立刻；馬上atnotime 決不(放在句首時，句子用部分倒裝)atatime 每次；一次atonetime 曾經(jīng)；一度atthesametime 同時attimes 有時；偶爾fromtimetotime 有時；偶爾(3)takeone'stime 別著急；慢慢來killtime 消磨時間[多角練透]單句語法填空①Thecarcametoahaltjustintimeto_prevent(prevent)anaccident.②AllthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediatelysoastobereceivedintimeforChristmas.補(bǔ)全句子③Manypeopleareatthesamestart,butseldomdotheyarriveattheendingpointat_the_same_time.許多人起點(diǎn)相同，但他們很少同時到達(dá)終點(diǎn)。④Atnotimedid_they_actually_break_the_rules_of_the_game.Itwasunfairtopunishthem.他們實際并未違反比賽規(guī)則，懲罰他們是不公平的。2．inone'sturn輪到某人；接著[教材原句]Thustheyhave,intheirturn,beethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.于是，他們接著成了這個行星上最重要的動物。inturn 依次；輪流；反之；相應(yīng)地byturns 輪流；交替地taketurnstodosth. 輪流做某事Itisone'sturntodosth. 輪到某人做某事...turns/turnedoutthat... 結(jié)果……[多角練透]單句語法填空①Theyhadtotaketurnsto_look(look)afterthepatients.②Nowthatwehavefinisheddesigning,thepany,initsturn,shoulddotheconstructingwork.③Ithinkit'smyturnto_drive(drive)thekidstoschoolthisweek.補(bǔ)全句子④Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthisin_turn_creates_more_problems.人們使用自己的小汽車避免公共交通延誤，反過來，這將造成更多的問題。3．cheerup感到高興；感到振奮；(使)高興；(使)振奮[教材原句]Icheeredupimmediatelyandfloatedweightlesslyaroundinourspaceshipcabinwatchingtheearthbeesmallerandthemoonlarger.我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著(身后的)地球越來越小，而(前方的)月球越來越大。(1)cheersb.up 使某人振作起來cheersb.on (比賽中)為某人喝彩；為某人加油(2)Cheers! [口語](用于祝酒)干杯！[題點(diǎn)全練]補(bǔ)全句子①WhenI'mfeelingsad,mymothertellsmefunnystoriesto_cheer_me_up.當(dāng)我感到憂傷時，母親就給我講有趣的故事哄我高興。②Theygatheredroundtheswimmingpoolandcheered_her_on.他們聚集在游泳池邊為她加油。③Thisisjustforyou.Cheers!這是特意為你調(diào)制的。干杯！[名師指津]cheerup既可以用作及物動詞短語，也可用作不及物動詞短語。4．makeit＋adj./n.＋forsb.todoThisproducedachainreaction,whichmade_it_possible_for_life_to_develop.這就產(chǎn)生了連鎖反應(yīng)，使生命的發(fā)展成為可能。句型makeit＋adj./n.＋forsb.todo，其中it作形式賓語，而真正的賓語是后面的動詞不定式。(1)make＋it＋adj./n.＋that從句make＋it＋adj./n.＋todo不定式make＋it＋nogood/nouse/...value...＋doingsth.(2)常用于這種句型的動詞還有：think,consider,find,feel等①Tomakeiteasierto_get(get)intouchwithus,you'dbetterkeepthiscardathand.(2016·北京高考單選)為了更便于聯(lián)系我們，你最好將這張卡片放在身邊。②Susanmade_it_cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.蘇珊清楚地跟我表明她希望為自己創(chuàng)造新的生活。③Iconsiderit_no_usequarrellingwithhimaboutit.我認(rèn)為就這件事情和他爭吵是沒有用的。5．倍數(shù)表達(dá)法ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwice_as_far_asontheearthandfellover.但當(dāng)我試著向前邁步的時候，我發(fā)覺我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩倍遠(yuǎn)，因而我摔倒了。英語中常見的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法有：(1)A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋asB(2)A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級＋thanB(3)A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/...gth...)＋ofB(4)A＋倍數(shù)＋what從句，表示“A是……的多少倍”一句多譯我的農(nóng)場已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展成了一個大農(nóng)場，是原來的3倍大。①M(fèi)yfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesas_big_asthepreviousone.②Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesbigger_thanthepreviousone.③Myfarmhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesthe_size_ofthepreviousone.補(bǔ)全句子④Thepopulationnowinthisvillageisfive_times_what_it_wastenyearsago.現(xiàn)在這個村莊的人口是十年前的五倍。[名師指津]在表示“兩倍”時要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基數(shù)詞＋times”。倍數(shù)有時也可以用分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)，half等來替換。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Lookatthepicturesandtaketurnsto_tell(tell)thestory.2．Ifyouwanttosucceedintheyearsto_e(e),youmuststudyhardfromnowon.3．Itisuncertainwhetherhe'llsucceedinpassingthedrivingtestornot.4．Sometimeshefounditveryhardtofallasleepatnight,sohewenttoseethedoctor.5．Nowthattheweatherisfine,let'sgoforapicnic.6．Ihadmeanttocallyou,butwaspreventedfromdoingso.7．Therefore,Icouldn'tspareenoughtimetowriteyoubackintime.8．HefailedtheexamandIdidn'tknowhowtocheerhimup.9．Afterseveralyearsofpractice,IthinkIwillfinallygetthehangofspokenEnglish.10．Dependingontheirprofessionalknowledge,theyquicklyputoutthefire.Ⅱ.短語填空dependon，nowthat，cheerup，breakout，givebirthto，blockout，watchout，intime1．Pleaseremoveyourcap,becauseitblocks_outmysight.2．Iamalwayswatching_outformistakesthatImayhavemissedbefore.3．Now_thatyouaregrown-up,youshouldn'trelyonyourparentsanymore.4．Keepontryingandyouwillsucceedin_time.5．Afirebroke_outnearhereyesterday,whichdestroyedmanybuildings.6．Mywifegave_birth_toahealthybabylastnight.7．Futureagricultureshoulddepend_onhightechnologyaswellastraditionalmethods.8．Icheered_upthemomentIheardthegoodnews.Ⅲ.根據(jù)提示詞和相關(guān)要求補(bǔ)全句子1．盡管這并不是像我們期盼的那樣好的一本書，但是仍然值得讀一讀。(as＋adj.＋n...s...)Thoughthisisnot_as_good_a_book_as_we_expected,_itisstillworthreading.2．他們是否能夠通過溝通達(dá)成協(xié)議還不清楚。(it作形式主語)It's_not_clear_whethertheyareabletoarriveatanagreementthroughmunicationornot.3．這些游客們回到賓館，又累又困。(形容詞短語作狀語)Thesetravelersreturnedtothehotel,tired_and_sleepy.4．無論他在哪里，早飯前散散步成為他的習(xí)慣。(makeit＋n...odo...)Nomatterwhereheis,hemakes_it_a_rule_to_go_for_a_walkbeforebreakfast.5．李明的手機(jī)看起來和張華的一樣，但價格是他的兩倍。(倍數(shù)表達(dá)法)LiMing'smobilephonelookedjustthesameasZhangHua's,butitcost_twice_as_much_ashis.三、過語法、寫作——eq\a\vs4\al(寫對寫美高人一籌)(一)單元小語法——主語從句Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．ItisveryimportantthatastudentshouldlearnEnglishwell.2．Itsurprisedhimwhytheycametovisithimsuddenly.3．—WhathasmadeJohnlooklikelackingsleep?—Thathehadtopreparefortheingexamandstayeduplastnight.4．Whatwasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.5．Itremainstobeseenwhetherthisplanispracticalenoughtokeeptheprojectgoing.6．ItmadeKate'sparentsexcitedthatKateenteredthefinalinthetennismatch.7．Whoeverhashelpedtosavethedrowningoldmanisworthpraising.8．Howthebookwillselldependsonitsauthor.AndIthinkit'llsellwell.9．Itisnoneofyourbusinesswhatotherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeyourself.10．Whetherhewouldliketoofferhishelpornotmakesnodifferencetome.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．畢業(yè)后到哪兒找份工作使他很困惑。Where_he_will_get_a_job_after_graduationhaspuzzledhimmuch.2．令在場的每個人感興趣的是他是怎樣設(shè)法在森林中活下來的。How_he_managed_to_survive_in_the_forestinterestedeveryonepresent.3．他將要參加會議使我們每一個人都十分激動。That_he_will_attend_the_meetinghasexcitedeveryoneofus.4．我們明天是否會舉行派對取決于天氣。Whether_we_will_hold_a_party_tomorrowdependsontheweather.5．無論是誰只要違法就應(yīng)該受到懲罰。Whoever_breaks_the_lawshouldbepunished.6．已經(jīng)得到證實，你說的是對的。It_has_been_proved_thatwhatyousaidisright.(二)課堂微寫作——應(yīng)用文寫作[題目要求]假如你是李華，你在書店買了本詞典，但后來發(fā)現(xiàn)有質(zhì)量問題，于是你拿回去要求調(diào)換，卻遭到店員的拒絕。現(xiàn)請你根據(jù)下面的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)，用英文給書店經(jīng)理MrSmith寫一封信進(jìn)行投訴，內(nèi)容包括：1．寫信的目的；2．簡要講述事情的經(jīng)過；3．提出處理的要求。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：DearMrSmith，IamwritingtoplainabouttheunpleasantexperienceIhadinyourbookstore.Yesterdaymorning,Iboughtadictionary,whichIlaterfoundofpoorquality.Immediately,Itookitbacktothestoreandaskedtheassistanttochangeit.Tomydisappointment,sherefused,insistingthatitwasIwhowastoblameforthebrokenpages.I'minurgentneedofagooddictionary.ThereforeIsuggestyouhavethedictionarychangedorhavemymoneyrefundedassoonaspossible.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua一、單元基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練(限時25分鐘)Ⅰ.翻譯句子1．他們要向公眾表明，他們所做的工作重要而且必不可少。(makeitclear)They_want_to_make_it_clear_to_the_public_that_they_do_an_important_and_necessary_job.2．我們的學(xué)校是他們的兩倍大。(倍數(shù)表達(dá)法)①Our_school_is_twice_as_big_as_theirs.②Our_school_is_twice_bigger_than_theirs.③Our_school_is_twice_the_size_of_theirs.3．你既然得到一次機(jī)會，不妨充分利用它。(nowthat)Now_that_you've_got_a_chance,_you_might_as_well_make_full_use_of_it.4．我們是以一首英文歌開始我們的英語課的。(beginwith)We_begin_our_English_class_with_an_English_song樣表揚(yáng)他都不過分。(can't...too...)You_cannot_praise_him_too_highly._6．昨晚他家里失火了。(breakout)A_fire_broke_out_in_his_house_last_night阻止水被污染。(prevent...from...)We_must_prevent_the_water_from_being_polluted.8．我想要知道的是誰解決了這個問題。(what)What_I_want_to_know_is_who_has_solved_the_problem.9．當(dāng)你處于困境時，你可以及時請求幫助。(intime)When_you_are_in_trouble,_you_can_ask_for_help_in_time.10．他說的任何話你都不要相信。(whatever)Don't_believe_whatever_he_says.Ⅱ.完形填空Mymotherleftmealotofthings—children'sbooks,familyphotos,wonderfulmusicandmostimportantly,theabilityanddesiretoburstintosong.In1998,mymotherwas__1__foraseatintheAlaskaHouseofRepresentatives.Whenheropponentwon,Iwassortof__2__.Afewweeksbefore,Igotthecall—the__3__wasback.Yearsearlier,whenshewastheagethatIamnow,shewas__4__withtheterriblediseaseforthefirsttime.Inherusualmanner,shetookcareofbusiness,__5__myofferstoehomeandhelp.Thistimeitwas__6__.Itwouldmarchonthroughherbones,lungs,liverand__7__brain,yetshekeptsinging,talking__8__keepingpeoplebusy.One__9__toldme,“Idon'tknowhowto__10__it,Anne,wefoundcancerineverypartofherbody.Idon'tknowhowshekeepsongoing.”Mymotherwas__11__.“Idon'tknowwhyeveryoneisactinglikeI'mdying，”she__12__.However,shelivedeverysinglemoment,rightupuntiltheoneinwhichshedied.TherearemanydayswhenI__13__mymother—todaywasoneofthem.IthoughtofherwhenIwaswalkingmydogandlookingattheblossoms__14__outallaroundme.Iheardhersaying,“Aren'tyou__15...tohaveallthesebeautifulcherryblossoms...”Sheloved__16__andeventhoughshehadbeengone10years,Icanstill__17__her.Butsheisn'taroundtoseewhatamazingkidsIhave.Shewouldbeso__18__ofthemall.StillIknowthatIhavetobethankfulforhavingsomanymemories.Itwassuchagift,thisspringday,tohavethe__19__ofmymother.Everychild__20__tohavesuchagift—thememoryofamother.語篇解讀：雖然作者的母親身患癌癥，但是她對患病的態(tài)度及反應(yīng)都是積極的。雖然作者的母親已經(jīng)去世好多年了，但作者還是非常想念她，還能感受到她的存在。A.caringA.caring B．runningC．waiting D．longing解析：選B此處的run的意思是競選。在1998年，母親參加競選阿拉斯加眾議院的一個席位。2．A.ashamed B．relievedC．surprised D．disappointed解析：選B母親沒有競選上使作者松了一口氣。因為她已經(jīng)知道母親的癌癥已經(jīng)復(fù)發(fā)了。她也希望母親不要被選上。3．A.cancer B．difficultyC．news D．a(chǎn)mbition解析：選A根據(jù)后文可以知道，母親的癌癥復(fù)發(fā)了。4．A.covered B．equippedC．connected D．diagnosed解析：選Dbediagnosedwith“被診斷出”。5．A.applying B．enjoyingC．refusing D．forcing解析：選C雖然母親被診斷出癌癥，但是她還是在做自己的事業(yè)，拒絕我提出的回家?guī)兔Φ慕ㄗh。6．A.constant B．differentC．valid D．stable解析：選B這次癌癥的復(fù)發(fā)比之前的還要嚴(yán)重，跟上一次完全不一樣(different)。7．A.finally B．fluentlyC．silently D．slightly解析：選A這里描述了這次癌癥復(fù)發(fā)會到骨頭、肺、肝臟，最后會到大腦。8．A.and B．butC．or D．so解析：選A但是雖然是這樣，母親還是和平時一樣，繼續(xù)唱歌、說話和讓大家忙碌。9．A.chemist B．doctorC．friend D．visitor解析：選B因為后面講到的是母親的病情，因此根據(jù)上下文可知，此處只能是醫(yī)生。10．A.explain B．denyC．prove D．change解析：選A醫(yī)生說他不知道怎么跟我解釋，癌癥已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到了母親的全身，但母親還是表現(xiàn)得跟以前一樣。11．A.moved B．a(chǎn)nnoyedC．scared D．excited解析：選B母親對于大家對她的態(tài)度和做法感到有點(diǎn)生氣(annoyed)。12．A.apologized B．plainedC．charged D．a(chǎn)pproved解析：選B母親說大家對待她就像是對待一個垂死之人，說話的語氣是抱怨的。13．A.treat B．supportC．miss D．blame解析：選C母親去世之后，作者非常想念她。14．Aing B．settingC．breaking D．turning解析：選Aeout“開花”。這里指作者看到花園里盛開的花，想到了母親以前對她說的話。15．A.upset B．luckyC．greedy D．generous解析：選B能夠看到擁有這么漂亮的花，真是幸運(yùn)。16．A.winter B．a(chǎn)utumnC．summer D．spring解析：選D從最后一段可知，現(xiàn)在是春天，母親喜歡的季節(jié)。17．A.see B．feelC．touch D．smell解析：選B雖然母親已經(jīng)去世10年了，但是作者還是能感受得到她。18．A.afraid B．proudC．jealous D．a(chǎn)ware解析：選B母親看到這些孩子們，一定會為他們感到驕傲。19．A.choice B．wealthC．memory D．practice解析：選C作者發(fā)表感觸，在春天的這樣一個日子里，能夠有對母親的記憶真是一件禮物。20．A.aims B．a(chǎn)greesC．deserves D．happens解析：選C每個孩子都理應(yīng)有這樣的一份禮物，就是有對母親的回憶。二、高考題型組合練(限時50分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Nothingsucceedslikesuccess,aseveryparentofastraight-Astudentknows,buttryingtohighlightacademicexcellencebytellingyourchild,“You'resosmart，”maybecounterproductive(適得其反的)．Tellingkidsthey'resmartstrengthenstheideathatintelligenceisageneticgiftratherthanaskillthatcanbedeveloped.Inarecentstudy,researchersatMichiganStateUniversitylookedat123childrenwhowereabout7.Theteamassessedthechildrentodeterminewhethertheyhada“growthmindset(思維模式)”(believingthatyoucanworkhardertogetsmarter),ora“fixedmindset”(believingthatyourintelligenceisunabletochange)．Theythenaskedthechildrentopleteafast-pacedputeraccuracytaskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Inthetask,childrenplayedagame,helpingazookeepercaptureescapedanimalsbypressingthespacebarwhenananimalshowedupontheirscreen—unlessitwasagroupofthreechimps.Duringtherecording,researchersnotedthatbrainactivityspikedwithinahalf-secondaftermakingamistake,aschildrenbecameawareoftheirerrorandpaidcloserattentiontowhatwentwrong.Thelargerthebrainresponsewas,themorethechildrenfocusedontheerror.Basedonthedatatheycollected,theresearchersconcludedthatchildrenwitha“growthmindset”weremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake,andinturnweremorelikelytoimprovetheirperformancebypayingcloserattentiontothetaskaftermakinganerror.Forparents,thelessonsareclear:don'tpaypliments(贊揚(yáng))thatsuggestthatintelligenceisfixed.IfachildhandsyouanA＋testpaper,don'tsay,“You'resosmart！”Insteadsay,“Wow,thatstudyingreallypaidoff！”Notetheeffort,nottheintelligence.Second,focusonusingerrorstoworktogetherandlearn.“Manyparentsandteachersshyawayfromaddressingachild'smistakes,tellingthem‘It'sOK.You'llgetitnexttime.’withoutgivingthemtheopportunitytofigureoutwhatwentwrong，”Dr.Schrodersays.Hereareadditionalwaysyoucanhelpenhanceyourchild'seducation.語篇解讀：本文主要討論了家長如何應(yīng)對孩子的成就，尤其是不要對孩子說“你真聰明！”。1．Whatcanwelearnaboutchildren'smindsetfromthestudy?A．Childrenarebornwithafixedorgrowthmindset.B．Childrenwithafixedmindsetpaynoattentiontomistakes.C．Childrenwithagrowthmindsetaremorelikelytomakeprogress.D．Childrenwithagrowthmindsetcancatchmoreanimalsinthegame.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的整體內(nèi)容尤其是“andinturnweremorelikelytoimprovetheirperformancebypayingcloserattentiontothetaskaftermakinganerror”可知，具備成長式思維模式的孩子更容易進(jìn)步，故選C。2．Whichofthefollowinghastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“spiked”inParagraph2?A．Started. B．Stopped.C．Paused. D．Rose.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段畫線詞所在句及最后一句“Thelargerthebrainresponsewas,themorethechildrenfocusedontheerror.”可推知，畫線詞表示“激增”，故選D。3．Whatshouldparentssaytochildren'sperformanceaccordingtothepassage?A．“Youaresoclever！”forexcellence.B．“It'snotgoodenough.”forexcellence.C．“Youcanbenefitfromit.”foramistake.D．“It'sOK.Forgetaboutit.”foramistake.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“Second,focusonusingerrorstoworktogetherandlearn”可知，孩子在犯錯時，家長應(yīng)該鼓勵其從錯誤中學(xué)習(xí)，并有所改進(jìn)，故選C。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．NeverCallYourKidSmartB．AlwaysBeStrictwithYourKidC．HowtomunicatewithYourKidD．HowtomentonYourKid'sPerformance解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段第一句“Nothingsucceedslikesuccess...maybecounterproductive(適得其反的)．”開篇點(diǎn)題，再結(jié)合本文的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要討論的是家長在應(yīng)對孩子的成就時，不要說“你真聰明！”，故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Myfatherusedtobeanamateurwrestlerandnationalchampion.Hewasforcedbyhisfathertogiveupthesportinordertoobtaingainfulemployment,whichmeanthewouldn'tbeabletowinamedalforourcountry.Therefore,hemadeavowthathisunbornsonwouldrealizehisunfinisheddream.__1__Hewasabouttogiveuphopewhenoneday,myyoungersisterBabitaandIbeatuptwoboysaccidentallyinresponsetocriticalments.Mydadfoundourpotentialtobeewrestlersandbegancoachingus.__2__Wewererequiredtodophysicaltrainingearlyinthemorningandhaveshorthaircutstoavoidlice.__3__Weplainedabouthimallthetime.Gradually,Irealizedthathewantedustohaveagoodfutureandnotgrowuptobeordinaryhousewives.Motivated,wewillinglyparticipatedinhiscoaching.Withgreatefforts,hemadeuspetitivewrestlersandIwonjuniorandseniorchampionships,providingmewithachancetogaintrainingintheNationalSportsAcademy,whereprideandagonyfulfilledmymind.__4__Asaresult,Ifoundmyselflosingeverymatchattheinternationallevel.Afterthat,Iturnedtohimforhelp.Thenhecoachedmepatiently.Despitedifficulty,IfinallybecamethefirstIndianfemalewrestlertoqualifyfortheOlympics,inspiringdozensofIndianwomentotaketowrestling.Evennow,Papa'swordsarestillinmymind“Geeta,thinkaboutallthegirlswhoarethoughttobeinferiortoboys,girlswhoareforcedtodochores,girlswhoaremarriedandhavechildren.Notonlywillyoupetewithothercountries,butalsowiththosewholookdownuponwomen！”Iwillneverforgetaboutfather'sinstruction.__5__A．Buthismethodswerecruel.B．IalmostabandonedwhatPapahadtaughtme.C．Disappointingly,mymothergavebirthtoallgirls.D．MysisterandItriedtoescape.E．Iwillalwaysoweallsuccesstohim.F．Atfirst,mysisterandIdidnotunderstandourfather.G．However,mymotherdidn'tagreewithhim.語篇解讀：“我”的爸爸曾經(jīng)是業(yè)余的摔跤運(yùn)動員和全國冠軍，但被迫放棄了摔跤，他把所