趙強(qiáng)謂語動詞vs非謂語動詞.ppt

謂語動詞 Vs 非謂語動詞,短文改錯,Should students make the friends online? Some people say yes. The Internet helps make many friends. Chatted online, students can express their feelings and opinions more free, and even get help with their foreign language studies. Others, however, think students should not. They say make friends online is waste of time, which should be spending more meaningfully on study. Moreover, some students get cheat when they try to meet the friend they made online. It is my opinion which students should place their study, health and safe before other things. As for friendship, we can readily find them in our classmates and other people around us.,動詞是表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞.英語中的動詞大致可以分為五類。,1）及物動詞 Vt 后跟賓語 2）不及物動詞 Vi 不跟賓語 3) 系動詞link-V 后跟表語 4）助動詞 (does do did has have will shall 無實(shí)際意義，不可單獨(dú)做謂語) 與其他動詞的一定形式一起構(gòu)成謂語 幫助構(gòu)成否定/疑問句 5）情態(tài)動詞 (can may must will shall need 本身有詞義但不完整，不可單獨(dú)做謂語) 后跟動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語,動詞在句子中的兩種形式,1動詞的限定形式：即謂語動詞 ，動詞在充當(dāng)謂語時，它的的形式要受到主語的一些限制，如主語的人稱和數(shù)的限制（要保持一致即主謂一致），還受時態(tài)，語態(tài)和語氣的影響，要有相應(yīng)的形式變化。 2動詞的非限定形式 ：即非謂語動詞，它的形式不受主語人稱和數(shù)的限制，除了不能獨(dú)立作謂語外，可以承擔(dān)句子的任何成分（主，賓，表，定，狀，補(bǔ)） 。,謂語動詞我們主要關(guān)注三個問題：,1. 主謂一致 2. 謂語動詞時態(tài) 3. 主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài) 據(jù)此我們可以判斷一些常見的謂語動詞形式： 1) am/is/are/was/were ( + doing/ done) 2) does/ do/ did 3) has /have/had + done 4) will/shall/can/ may/must+ do(或動詞的其 他形式）,例句,1）Before we go to bed, drink hot milk will help us to have a good sleep. 2) It will make us are full of energy. 3)we visited the school that lies in_ was a big factory more than ten years ago. A that B which C where D what,drinking,去掉are,D,非 謂 語 動 詞,動名詞,分 詞,不定式,現(xiàn)在分詞,過去分詞,非謂語動詞的語態(tài)含義（與邏輯主語的關(guān)系）,主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài) 不定式 to do to be done 分詞 doing done,非謂語動詞的時態(tài)含義 不定式 to do 表示 動作還未發(fā)生 現(xiàn)在分詞 doing 表示 動作正在發(fā)生 過去分詞 done 表示 動作已經(jīng)完成,支你一招,非謂語動詞解題技巧 四步分析法,1. If you _to the left , youll find the post office .,2. _to the left , and youll find the post office .,A. Turning B. To turn C. Turn D. Turned,A,C,C,一 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)：確定設(shè)空在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)墓δ?3. _to the left , youll find the post office .,_,_,_,二、分析邏輯主語,非謂語動詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。非謂語動詞作狀語時，其邏輯主語須和句子的真正主語一致。,4.2010N1.(全國I). Mrs. White showed her student some old maps _from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing,_,C,5. 2010N5.(北京卷). at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked,_,A,三、分析語態(tài),分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時是主動還是被動關(guān)系。,6. _from space , the earth looks blue .,7._from space , we can see the earth is blue .,Seen B. Seeing C. To see D. See,_,A,_,B,四、分析時態(tài) (與謂語動詞比較時間，確定時態(tài)),8. The building _now will be a restaurant .,9. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .,10. The building _last year is a restaurant.,A. having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built,_,C,_,B,_,D,注意：Having been done 形式往往只用做狀語，如 Having been told many times , he still couldnt understand it .,小結(jié),在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中做題時，其實(shí)這四個方面要同