英語教師課堂話語的一些常見問題.ppt

,英語教師課堂話語的 一些常見問題,南海學(xué)校 陳志軍 2012 / 07 / 21,什么是英語教師課堂話語？ 簡(jiǎn)單地講，英語教師課堂話語就是英語教 師在組織和實(shí)施英語課堂教學(xué)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的話語， 其中主要是英語，也包括母語。,一、課堂話語的情景欠真實(shí) T: Good. Sit down please. All right. Look at your teacher. I have a nice kite here. Is it nice? SS: Yes. T: Is it your kite? SS: No. T: No. Do you want to fly a kite? SS: Yes. T: Yes. But you dont have one. Yes. Come here please. S: Yes, I can. It is easy. T: It is easy. This is not your kite. Borrow it. S: Can I borrow it please? T: Let me see. OK. Here you are. S: Thanks.,請(qǐng)看下面的例子： T: OK now. Who will try to be my patient first? OK Lily, you please come here. S: Good morning doctor. T: Good morning. Sit down please. S: Thank you. T: Whats your name? S: My name is Lily. T: How old are you? S: Im sixteen. T: Are you a student? S: Yes. T: Which school do you study in ? S: In Huaqiao Middle School. T: Show me your hand please. Whats your trouble?,二、課堂話語的語言欠真實(shí) T: How are you? S1: Im fine, thank you. T: What day is it today? S2: Today is Friday. T: Whats the weather like today? S3: Its fine. T: Do you like English? S4: Yes, I do. I like it very much. T: Do you have any hobbies? S5: Yes, I do.,另外，在呈現(xiàn)和講解知識(shí)等環(huán)節(jié)中，有些教師也存在話語不連貫、不真實(shí)的問題。比如： T: I like red. Look, a red paper. Guess, whats this?(教師把紅紙剪成一個(gè)蘋果) S: Its an apple. T: Yes, its an apple. Apples are healthy fruit.(教師出示fruit 單詞卡片),三、課堂話語的內(nèi)容欠真實(shí) 。 T: I think you are so clever. I like you very much. I want to makefriends with you. Would you like to be my friends? SS: Yes. T: When I go back, Ill call you.(這位教師在另外一個(gè)地方借班上公開課). Look, this is my telephone number.(卡片正面寫著a telephone number). My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面寫著7369852) T: Do you have a telephone number? If you have a telephone number, please write it down. (稍后教師繼續(xù)說話) Excuse me. Whats your telephone number? S1: My telephone number is .,有時(shí)候教師考慮不周，隨口說出一些內(nèi)容不真實(shí)的話語。比如： T: I want to go to the shop this afternoon. I want an apple. What about you? S1: I want to go to the shop. I want a banana. T: Oh, you want a banana. Sit down please. Anybody else? Yes? S2: I want to go to the shop. I want a pear. . . .,比如，一位教師在教授了wash 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行以下操練： T: If I give you some water, what will you wash? S1: Ill wash my hands. S2: Ill wash my hair. S3: Ill wash my clothes. S4: Ill wash my bike.,（突然電話鈴聲響起，教師對(duì)學(xué)生抱歉地說Im sorry.然后接電話） A: Hello.(角色A說的話事先用手機(jī)預(yù)錄好，角色B是教師) B: Hi, its Miss Wang. A: Hello, Miss Wang. What are you doing? B: Im having an English class. What about you? A: Im playing basketball. B: What about your mother? Whats she doing? A: Shes cooking dinner. B: And you father? A: Hes playing chess. B: Thank you. Bye! A: See you.,四、教師課堂話語的規(guī)范性不夠 1.課堂話語缺乏正確性 請(qǐng)看下面例子： T: (教師頭戴草帽，背著一個(gè)小蘿筐) Hello, Im a farmer. I have a big farm. There are many vegetables on my farm. Today, Ive taken them here. Look, whats this?. 類似的情況還有很多，比如： T: Now he should stop doing hard work means he +had+ SS: +had+better stop doing hard work. T: Again. SS: He had better stop doing hard work.,在教學(xué)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，教師會(huì)用開門和關(guān)門這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在教室里進(jìn)行現(xiàn)成的情景教學(xué)，如： T: Now please look at me. What am I doing? I am closing the door. I am closing the door. What am I doing? SS: You are closing the door. T: Yes. I am closing the door. （練習(xí)closing的 發(fā)音若干遍） T: What am I doing? I am openingthe door. I am opening the door. What am I doing? SS: You are opening the door. T: Yes. I am opening the door. (pause)I am opening my book. Im closing my book. Now the whole class, please open your books. What are you doing? SS: We are opening the books. T: Now please close your books. What are you doing? SS: We are closing the books.,英語中除了瞬間性動(dòng)詞一般不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)以外，一些表示狀態(tài)和心理活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞也很少用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 比如stand 這個(gè)詞可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中： 如：My mother is standing beside me. Anna is standing there in her Sunday best. 但是這些句子都有一個(gè)表示位置、方式的狀語，beside me 和there in her Sunday best。 加上這些狀語后，句子的意思是“某人站在何處”或“以某種方式站著”，而不表示“正在站著”的意思。 如果去掉這些句子中的狀語，這些句子就不完整。 所以，像I am standing和He is standing這樣的句子符合語法規(guī)則，但在現(xiàn)實(shí)中是不存在的，也是沒有意義的。,2.課堂話語缺乏準(zhǔn)確性 請(qǐng)看一個(gè)片段： T: Look at the panda in the picture. What is it like? (學(xué)生無反應(yīng)，教師重復(fù)What is it like?，學(xué) 生還是無反應(yīng)) （稍等）What color is it? S1: Its white and black. S2: It has a big head. S3: It has a short tail. ,五、導(dǎo)入環(huán)節(jié)教師話語的拖沓現(xiàn)象 T: I think you are so clever. I like you very much. I want to makefriends with you. Would you like to be my friends? SS: Yes. T: When I go back, Ill call you.(這位教師在另外 一個(gè)地方借班上公開課). Look, this is my telephone number.(卡片正面寫著a telephone number). My telephone number is 7369852.(卡片反面寫著7369852) T: Do you have a telephone number? If you have a telephone number, please write it down. (稍后教師繼續(xù)說話) Excuse me. Whats your telephone number? S1: My telephone number is .,請(qǐng)看下面一個(gè)教學(xué)片段： T: (聽完一首英文歌曲之后) How do you like this song? XX, what do you think? Do you like this song? Do you know the name of the singer? S1: Sorry, I dont know. T: Its OK. Does anybody know the name of the singer? S2: (過了一會(huì)，終于有人回答) The name of the band is Westlife. T: Exactly. Do you know the name of the song? S2: You raise me up. T: You raise me up. Great. Westlife is a great band. The four boys sing very well. They are good singers. XX, would you like to be a singer in the future? S3: No. T: What would you like to be? S3: I want to be a scientist.,六、課堂話語的冗余現(xiàn)象 看下面一個(gè)例子： T: OK. 今天我們主要學(xué)了8中顏色。那我們現(xiàn)在看看圖來回答我的問題。OK,now, what color is number one? SS: Its yellow T: What color is number two? SS: Its white. T: What color is number two? SS: Its white. T: What color is number three? SS: Its orange. T: What color is number four? SS: Its brown. T: What color is number five? SS: Its red. T: Wha