2017_2018學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)大題精做01Unit1Culturalrelics含解析新人教版.docx

Unit 1 Cultural relicsI. 閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Passage 1體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間應(yīng)用文Pacific Science Center介紹2314分鐘 (2017新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I)Pacific Science Center GuideVisit Pacific Science Centers StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(熱情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A. In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C. At the Laser Dome.D. At the Denny Way entrance.22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A. Train science teachers.B. Distribute science books.C. Inspire scientific research.D. Take science to the classroom.23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A. To encourage donations.B. To advertise coming events.C. To introduce special exhibits.D. To tell about the Centers history.【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要從購(gòu)物點(diǎn)、就餐點(diǎn)、租借服務(wù)三方面介紹了Pacific Science Center，并展示了Pacific Science Center為人們做的貢獻(xiàn)，呼吁人們的支持。 21. B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.可知Pacific Science Center的購(gòu)物點(diǎn)在Laser Dome旁邊的3號(hào)樓的樓上。故選B。23. A 【解析】目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的Visit to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.可知作者呼吁讀者支持Pacific Science Center，也就是鼓勵(lì)人們?yōu)橹峁椭⒆鲐暙I(xiàn)。故選A?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】一般來(lái)說(shuō)，解答細(xì)節(jié)理解題時(shí)都可采用尋讀法。也就是說(shuō)，考生不必通篇細(xì)看原文，而是可以采取帶著問(wèn)題找答案的方法，即先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)。這種關(guān)鍵性的詞語(yǔ)可以被稱為定位詞，找出定位詞，然后以此為線索，快速地捕捉和理解事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)，恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用略讀、查讀等技巧，在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的段落、語(yǔ)句，仔細(xì)品味，對(duì)照比較，確定答案。1. 應(yīng)用文是閱讀理解題中常見的一種體裁，特別是廣告。廣告簡(jiǎn)潔明快，語(yǔ)言精煉，篇幅小、信息多。廣告類閱讀設(shè)題多為細(xì)節(jié)理解題。做這類閱讀題的技巧是：先讀題目，帶著問(wèn)題有針對(duì)性地閱讀相關(guān)部分，快速尋找有效信息。一般情況下，只要細(xì)心都會(huì)找到正確答案。2. 說(shuō)明文中的細(xì)節(jié)理解與應(yīng)用文一樣，說(shuō)明文中的閱讀理解也偏重考查細(xì)節(jié)，我們也可以采用先看題，然后帶著問(wèn)題在材料中尋找對(duì)應(yīng)信息的辦法答題。3. 記敘文中的細(xì)節(jié)以理解故事、人物描寫等是閱讀理解的考查重點(diǎn)之一。做這類題一般也可采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問(wèn)題快速閱讀短文，找出與問(wèn)題相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)或句子，再對(duì)相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)或句子進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，獲取準(zhǔn)確信息，找出正確答案。例如第21題中根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞buy定位到Store，也就是第一段的內(nèi)容。然后再結(jié)合后文中的The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.就可以得出正確答案。能在文中直接找到信息句子的細(xì)節(jié)題比較簡(jiǎn)單，一般設(shè)置在第一篇閱讀里以減輕考生的緊張心理。所以考生要抓住這一特點(diǎn)，靈活使用解題策略，達(dá)到快速、高效的目的。Passage 2體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文沉默在不同文化中的內(nèi)涵3287分鐘（2016新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I）The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornnessm uneasinessm or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(間隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a persons needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.33. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.35. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了沉默在不同文化背景下的不同內(nèi)涵。33. A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中國(guó)人認(rèn)為談話時(shí)人們沉默是在思考。 34. D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients 可知，作者建議護(hù)士要用沉默來(lái)治療病人。故選D。35. B 【解析】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了在不同文化背景下談話期間的沉默的不同含義，由此判斷B選項(xiàng)可以概括文章內(nèi)容。故選B。Passage 3體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文不同文化中食物的作用2997分鐘(2015安徽)Food serves as a form of communication in two fundamental ways. Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust. Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions. The foods we eat and when and how we eat them are often unique to a particular culture or may even differ between rural (農(nóng)村的) and urban areas within one country.Sharing bread, whether during a special occasion (時(shí)刻) or at the family dinner table, is a common symbol of togetherness. Many cultures also celebrate birthdays and marriages with cakes that are cut and shared among the guests. Early forms of cake were simply a kind of bread, so this tradition hits its roots in the custom of sharing bread.Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations. In the southern United States, pieces of corn bread represent blocks of gold for prosperity (興旺) in the New Year. In Greece, people share a special cake called vasilopita. A coin is put into the cake, which signifies (預(yù)示) success in the New Year for the person who receives it.Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role. In China, when a baby is one month old, families name and welcome their child in a celebration that includes giving red-colored eggs to guests. In many cultures, round foods such as grapes, bread, and moon cakes are eaten at welcome celebrations to represent family unity.Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such an important part of different cultures around the world.72. According to the passage, sharing bread _.A. indicates a lack of foodB. can help to develop unityC. is a custom unique to rural areasD. has its roots in birthday celebrations73. What does the coin in vasilopita signify for its receiver in the New Year?A. Trust.B. Success.C. Health.D. Togetherness.74. The author explains the role of food in celebrations by _.A. using examplesB. making comparisonsC. analyzing causesD. describing processes75. What is the passage mainly about?A. The custom of sharing food.B. The specific meaning of food.C. The role of food in ceremonies.D. The importance of food in culture.【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹的是在不同的文化中，食物在人們慶祝節(jié)日、家庭聚會(huì)等中都起到了非常重要的作用，代表著團(tuán)結(jié)、成功、興旺等。72. B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Sharing bread or other foods is a common human tradition that can promote unity and trust可知答案為B。 74. A 【解析】推理判斷題。作者是通過(guò)舉例來(lái)說(shuō)明食物在節(jié)日慶祝中的作用的，比如：在第三段中分別以美國(guó)南部、希臘為例，而第四段中則以中國(guó)為例。75. D 【解析】主旨大意題。第一段的中心句是Food can also have a specific meaning, and play a significant role in a family or cultures celebrations or traditions；第三段的中心句是Food also plays an important role in many New Year celebrations；第四段的中心句是Many cultures have ceremonies to celebrate the birth of a child, and food can play a significant role。綜上所述，可知答案為D。II. 書面表達(dá)體裁話題半開放作文，電子郵件邀請(qǐng)外教去參觀中國(guó)剪紙藝術(shù)展(2017新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷II) 假定你是李華，想邀請(qǐng)外教Henry一起參觀中國(guó)剪紙（paper-cutting）藝術(shù)展。請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1. 展覽時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；2. 展覽內(nèi)容。注意：1. 詞數(shù)100左右；2. 可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。_【思路點(diǎn)撥】構(gòu)思：書信體邀請(qǐng)函 結(jié)構(gòu)：三段論模式 要點(diǎn)：藝術(shù)展覽時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容 靚點(diǎn)：弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化（剪紙）【寫作提綱】首段：?jiǎn)柡颍瑢懶乓鈭D 正文：藝術(shù)展覽時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、內(nèi)容（介紹藝術(shù)展具體內(nèi)容，弘揚(yáng)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化。） 結(jié)束：再次表達(dá)邀請(qǐng)之誠(chéng)意并期待他的到來(lái)。 【參考范文】Dear Henry, How is everything going with you lately? I am delighted to invite you to visit the Chinese paper-cutting show. The further details are as follows.First and foremost,the show,whose theme is about Chinese traditional culture will start from June 15th and last for about 4 days in our school hall. As is well-known to us all, paper-cutting is a symbol of luck, happiness and wealth. Moreover, some teachers and students will display their own works. It is a good chance for you to enjoy Chinese folk arts and traditional culture. I am convinced that you are interested in it.Your presence will add much more pleasure to this show. I cannot wait to see you soon.Yours sincerely,Li Hua I. 完形填空體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間新聞報(bào)道故宮文物丟失21616分鐘閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BEIJING, May 19 (Xinhua) Chinas preservation of its cultural relics has come under fire by the public in the wake of a recent theft at a museum in Beijings Forbidden City.On May 9, several 1of art from a Hong Kong 2, which were 3at 10 million yuan (1.54 million U.S. dollars), 4 missing from an exhibition in the Forbidden Citys historic Palace Museum. 5recovered several of the items, 6 not before Chinese citizens 7shock over 8in the Forbidden City.Several days later, news about the existence of an club for9people in the Forbidden Citys Jianfu Palace caused fierce 10by Chinese Internet users. Memberships for the 11were said to cost 1 million yuan.In China, it is not 12to see ancient relics 13for commercial gain, 14 many have sought to capitalize（積累資本）on the historic and 15value of Chinas heritage. 16, land development seems to be an even 17problem for the preservation of Chinas cultural relics.In the city of Hangzhou in east Chinas Zhejiang Province, the 18of an area of land where the 19of a Southern Song Dynasty (11271279) imperial city once stood has gone on without 20 for over a year.1. A. jobs B. works C. science D. literature2. A.collector B. inventor C. producer D. maker3. A. cost B. paid C. valued D. spent4. A. came B. went C. left D. brought5. A. Police B. People C. Staff D. Collector6. A. and B. or C. but D. so7. A. impressed B. expressed C. explained D. implied8. A. security B. danger C. museum D. protection9. A. poor B. wealthy C. famous D. curious10. A. approvals B. supports C. agreements D. objections11. A. club B. company C. school D. museum12. A. usual B. common C. rare D. general13. A. exploited B. explored C. occupied D. taken14. A. like B. for C. with D. as15. A. political B. economical C. cultural D. natural16. A. However B. Likewise C. Anyway D. Therefore17. A. bigger B. smaller C. stronger D. heavier18. A. movement B. excitement C. surprise D. development19. A. remains B. relics C. building D. temple20. A. announcement B. declaration C. approval D. notice【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議性的新聞報(bào)道。北京故宮藝術(shù)品的丟失，人們熏心利欲的遺址開發(fā)，讓人們驚醒：文化遺產(chǎn)安全何在？1. B work 藝術(shù)作品。2. A collector 收藏者。一位香港收藏者的好幾件藝術(shù)品丟失了。3. C value 估價(jià)。這些藝術(shù)品被估價(jià)1000萬(wàn)元人民幣。4. B go missing 失蹤；不見了。5. A 警察追回了一些藝術(shù)品。10. A 故宮被富人們用作炫富的俱樂(lè)部，當(dāng)然會(huì)引起網(wǎng)民的反對(duì)。11. A 上文中已經(jīng)提到。news about the existence of an club for wealthy people in the Forbidden Citys Jianfu Palace caused fierce objections by Chinese Internet users.12. C 在中國(guó)古代遺址被開發(fā)利用謀私利（exploit）并不罕見（rare）。13. A 同上。14. D as連詞。表示原因。15. C 因?yàn)橐恍┤死脷v史和文化遺產(chǎn)來(lái)積累資本。 16. A 然而土地開發(fā)看上去對(duì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)構(gòu)成的一個(gè)更大的問(wèn)題。17. A 解析見上。18. D 上文land development seems to be an even bigger problem for the preservation of Chinas cultural relics有提示。19. A remains 遺跡；遺留物。那里曾經(jīng)有一個(gè)南宋的城市的遺址。20. C approval 批準(zhǔn)，許可。這個(gè)土地開發(fā)項(xiàng)目未經(jīng)批準(zhǔn)已經(jīng)開始一年多了。II. 閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Passage 1體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文如何申遺2274分鐘How does a place become a World Heritage Site (世界遺產(chǎn))? It takes a lot of people to decide.First, if a country wants one of its places to be on the List of World Heritage Sites, it has to ask the UNESCO (聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織). The place must be important and special. The UNESCO put the Great Wall on the list in 1987 because, it said, it was a great part of Chinese culture and beautifully made to go with the land. When a country asks, it must also make a plan for taking care of the place.Second, the World Heritage Committee of the UNESCO talks about different places and decides whether to put them on the list. The committee meets every June. Many experts help the committee to decide.Third, after a new place goes on the list, the UNESCO gives money to help keep it looking good. If a place is in serious danger, it may be put on the List of World Heritage in Danger. The UNESCO gives special care and help to those places.Then, countries have to give the UNESCO regular reports about places on the list. If the UNESCO thinks a country isnt taking good enough care of a place, the site will be taken off the list.1. What can we infer from the passage?A. Becoming a World Heritage Site takes hard work.B. A place with beautiful scenery is often on the List of World Heritage Sites.C. A place which is taken good care of is often on the List of World Heritage Sites.D. The Great Wall became a World Heritage Site for its long history.2. If a place successfully becomes a World Heritage Site, the country _.A. can ask the UNESCO for more money and helpB. should continue to take special care of itC. wont take trouble to care for itD. will try to put it on the List of World Heritage in Danger3. Whats the passage mainly discussing?A. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO decides a World Heritage Site.B. How the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO protects a World Heritage Site.C. How the Great Wall became a World Heritage Site.D. How a place becomes a World Heritage Site.4. Whats the purpose of putting a place on the List of World Heritage Sites?A. To attract more tourists from other countries.B. To get more money and help from other countries.C. To have it taken better care of.D. To make it known to other countries.【答案】【語(yǔ)篇解讀】一個(gè)地方如何成為世界文化遺產(chǎn)呢？本文從四個(gè)步驟對(duì)此進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。1. A 【解析】推理判斷題。從申請(qǐng)到最后成功要進(jìn)行一系列的工作，由此可推測(cè)出申遺成功不易。3. D 【解析】主旨推斷題。短文的開頭就已經(jīng)將本文的主題給出，下文是圍繞這個(gè)主題展開的。 4. C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。使一個(gè)地方成為世界遺產(chǎn)的目的在短文中沒有明確表示，但通過(guò)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家的要求可推測(cè)出目的是使其得到更好的保護(hù)。Passage 2體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文泰姬陵2705分鐘The Taj Mahal(泰姬陵) is a love story, a sad and beautiful one. If it didnt exist, we would easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago, there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtaz Mahal: its shortened form Taj Mahal, means pride of the palace. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so broken-hearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.He invited the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and finally, the design was completed. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahal, one of the most beautiful buildings in the world.The building itse