上海通用汽車(chē)有限公司.doc

上海通用汽車(chē)有限公司（SGM）u Background（背景）上海通用汽車(chē)有限公司( Shanghai General Motors )是通用汽車(chē)公司與上海汽車(chē)工業(yè)(集團(tuán))總公司各自出資50%建立的中國(guó)最先進(jìn)的整車(chē)生產(chǎn)合資企業(yè)。這一中國(guó)最大的中美合資企業(yè)成立于1997年6月。上海通用汽車(chē)目前生產(chǎn)別克系列轎車(chē)及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和變速箱。主要產(chǎn)品包括別克中高檔轎車(chē)和公務(wù)旅行車(chē)，別克賽歐小型轎車(chē)和賽歐SRV休閑轎車(chē)。上海通用汽車(chē)擁有遍布全國(guó)的完整的銷(xiāo)售、售后服務(wù)和零部件供應(yīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，是中國(guó)汽車(chē)工業(yè)的重要領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)之一。目前已擁有別克、雪佛蘭、凱迪拉克等品牌，共二十多個(gè)系列的產(chǎn)品陣容，覆蓋了從頂級(jí)豪華車(chē)到經(jīng)濟(jì)型轎車(chē)各梯度市場(chǎng)，以及高性能豪華轎車(chē)、MPV、SUV等細(xì)分市場(chǎng)。 信息化系統(tǒng)上海通用的信息化系統(tǒng)分為三大塊：商品化軟件、通用全球系統(tǒng)和本地開(kāi)發(fā)部分。其主要的業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)作運(yùn)行在商品化軟件上；涉及到生產(chǎn)制造方面是用通用全球系統(tǒng)（通過(guò)廣域網(wǎng)和通用全球系統(tǒng)實(shí)時(shí)連接，共享一些數(shù)據(jù)和信息）；而很多中國(guó)單元業(yè)務(wù)和特別的業(yè)務(wù)需求（如跟經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商和供應(yīng)商方面的協(xié)同、質(zhì)量檢測(cè)控制等）以及前兩種系統(tǒng)不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能則通過(guò)本地開(kāi)發(fā)系統(tǒng)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，這一部分是企業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力的核心所在。 在上海通用建立之初，其IT（Information Technology）系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵部分主要是沿用通用全球核心公共系統(tǒng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，雖然覆蓋從接訂單到交貨到用戶(hù)的整個(gè)流程，但美中不足的是，由于通用核心公共系統(tǒng)是10多年前開(kāi)發(fā)的，開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言陳舊、系統(tǒng)龐大，比起目前新興的技術(shù)系統(tǒng)，運(yùn)行維護(hù)成本極高。再加上這套系統(tǒng)是從美國(guó)遠(yuǎn)程支持到上海，由于時(shí)間差等問(wèn)題，上海通用系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題時(shí)經(jīng)常很難及時(shí)解決。為了解決這些問(wèn)題，2001年11月6日，CIO張新權(quán)主導(dǎo)發(fā)起了“用更加經(jīng)濟(jì)先進(jìn)的新IT系統(tǒng)替代舊核心公共系統(tǒng)”的可行性研究，經(jīng)過(guò)6個(gè)多月的測(cè)試之后最終決定實(shí)施SAP的IS-AUTO系統(tǒng)，并選擇惠普為IS-AUTO系統(tǒng)提供咨詢(xún)與實(shí)施服務(wù)。以后的運(yùn)營(yíng)實(shí)踐證明，張新權(quán)這一明智的決定，為上海通用帶來(lái)了非?？捎^的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。張新權(quán)說(shuō)，與其他產(chǎn)品的制造不一樣，汽車(chē)制造是一輛車(chē)就是一個(gè)訂單，一輛車(chē)有近2萬(wàn)個(gè)零部件、2000多道工序，物料是要按工序排好的，計(jì)算精度必須要以車(chē)為單位、精確到每小時(shí)才行，一句話概括，就是所有的效益都在供應(yīng)鏈上 在中國(guó)惠普的幫助下，歷時(shí)兩年多的SAP IS-Auto（汽車(chē)行業(yè)SAP解決方案）加上APO（高級(jí)計(jì)劃優(yōu)化器）項(xiàng)目成功在上海金橋南廠上線，其最大的價(jià)值就在于對(duì)整個(gè)供應(yīng)鏈業(yè)務(wù)的整合。 ISAUTO系統(tǒng) ISAUTO系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行以后，銷(xiāo)售訂單從經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商那里傳送到上海通用之后，就會(huì)匯總到生產(chǎn)訂單管理系統(tǒng)，然后通過(guò)生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃系統(tǒng)制定物料計(jì)劃，上線生產(chǎn)，這個(gè)過(guò)程是完全是按需定制的。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，用戶(hù)可以隨時(shí)了解到自己訂的車(chē)的生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度，并可以根據(jù)生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度更改已有定制；而上海通用，則可以在車(chē)輛還在生產(chǎn)線上時(shí)就知道它是賣(mài)給誰(shuí)的，運(yùn)輸計(jì)劃可以同時(shí)跟進(jìn)，車(chē)一下線就可以馬上運(yùn)出。 上了ISAUTO系統(tǒng)后，公司的庫(kù)存平均比以前減少了12天，財(cái)務(wù)運(yùn)作效率提前了23天，經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商至少可以節(jié)約2天的財(cái)務(wù)成本，因?yàn)橥ㄟ^(guò)這個(gè)系統(tǒng)，經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商可以比以前提前兩天獲知汽車(chē)下線的信息，對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)大大提高了資金的周轉(zhuǎn)率。應(yīng)用了SAPS-Auto系統(tǒng)的上海通用，成為國(guó)內(nèi)首個(gè)、全球屈指可數(shù)成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了全價(jià)值鏈整合應(yīng)用IT系統(tǒng)的汽車(chē)公司。今年，上海通和又“逆市擴(kuò)產(chǎn)”，南部廠區(qū)投產(chǎn)后，年產(chǎn)能將達(dá)到52萬(wàn)輛。在與其他品牌汽車(chē)廠商的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中，上海通用采取全線覆蓋的產(chǎn)品策略，別克、凱越、君威、凱迪拉克、賽歐等車(chē)型豐富，成為市場(chǎng)的領(lǐng)跑者。這一切業(yè)績(jī)的取得，不能說(shuō)不是得力于其先進(jìn)的IT信息系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用。 Shanghai general motors (Shanghai GM) is that general motors and Shanghai automotive industry (group) corporation invested 50% to establish the most advanced vehicle production joint ventures in China. This is the Chinese biggest sino-us joint venture which was founded in June 1997. Shanghai GMs currently produces Buick series cars , engine and transmission. Main products include Buick upscale cars , Official station wagon, Buick small-sized car and SaiOu SRV recreational cars. Shanghai general motors has nationwide complete sales , after-sales service and spare parts supply network.SGM is one of the important leaders in chinese motor industry . Now it has Buick, Chevrolet, Cadillac and other brands, A total of more than twenty series of products, Covered from the top luxury cars to economy cars of the gradient of the market, And high-performance luxury sedan, MPV、SUV and other Market segments. Information SystemShanghai general information system is divided into three parts: commercialized software, GMs global system and local development section. Its main business operation run is in a commercialized software, involving that manufacturing aspect is using GMs global system (through the wan and GMs global system, sharing some real-time connectivity data and information). But many Chinese unit business and special business requirements (such as and the collaboration and quality control testing between the vendors and dealers) and the former two system cant achieve the function so it can be realized by local development system, this part is the core of enterprise competition ability.When Shanghai GM is established , at the beginning the most important key part of its IT systems is mainly used GMs global core public system standards. Although it coverages the entire process from receive orders to delivery , the only fly in the ointment is that because GM core public system was exploited 10 years ago, developing language obsolete, comparing with the current large emerging technology system, its operation and maintenance cost is extremely high. Besides the system from the American distance to Shanghai, due to the time supporting problems, Shanghai GM system is often difficult to solve when it has promblems. In order to solve these problems, 6 November 2001, the CIO ZhangXinQuan leading launched using more economic advanced new IT system to replace old core public system the feasibility study. After six months test the final decision is implementing SAP AUTO system, and choose HP to provide counseling and implementation service for AUTO system. The operation proved that the desicion brought very considerable economic benefit for Shanghai GM. ZhangXinQuan said that its different to other products manufacturing , the manufacturing of automobiles is that a car is a order and a car has nearly 2 million parts, more than 2,000 procedures, material is calculated according to process row and must be a car for accuracy, precision to each hour unit, in a word it is all in supply chain efficiency. With the help of China, hewlett-packards, SAP IS - Auto (Auto industry SAP solutions) and APO (senior program optimizer) project success in Shanghai jinqiao south factory , its biggest value is for the integration of the entire supply chainbusiness. IS-AUTO system After the operation of IS-AUTO system, the orders will be collected to the management system of manufacturing orders, and then the material plan will be made and the car is being produced. This process is totally done according to the order. During the process, the user can know about his cars production progress and make change according to the process. While the company will know who will buy the car as soon as the car is on the producing line, so the car can be sent out after it is finished. Owing to the IS-AUTO system, the average stock is 1 to 2 days less than before and the efficiency of financial operation 2 to 3 days ahead, so the distributor can save 2 days financial cost at least. Through this new system, the distributor will know the car is finished 2 days earlier than before, thus improving the rate of capital turnover a lot.Since Shanghai GM applied the SAPS-Auto system, it becomes the first so successful car company in our country that it achieves full value chain integrative application IT system . This year Shanghai GM expand inverse city and the South put into operation, annual capacity of 520,000. Competing with other brand automobile manufacturers, Shanghai GM takes covering all the product strategy, Buick, KaiYue, JunWei, Cadillac, SaiOu vehicle are rich, becoming the market leaders. Obtaining all this performance is due to the applications of its advanced IT information system.u SGMs supplychainstructure(上海通用汽車(chē)有限公司供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)) SAP IS-Auto系統(tǒng)SAP IS-Auto系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)成為上海通用汽車(chē)IT系統(tǒng)的神經(jīng)中樞，它覆蓋了上海通用從接訂單到給最終用戶(hù)交車(chē)的整個(gè)流程，并且與經(jīng)銷(xiāo)商管理系統(tǒng)、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)(e-SupplySystem)、工廠底層管理系統(tǒng)(PlantFloorSystem)等形成緊密連接，其最大的特色是按需定制、柔性管理。（供應(yīng)鏈將企業(yè)，倉(cāng)庫(kù)，供應(yīng)商，客戶(hù)連接成一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體） 精益生產(chǎn)方法公司始終致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)精益生產(chǎn)方法 實(shí)施 mySAP SCM解決方案的決策證明了這一點(diǎn)。上海通用選擇 SCM 解決方案幫助實(shí)現(xiàn)復(fù)雜供應(yīng)鏈流程的同步和自動(dòng)化，包括整車(chē)、引擎和傳送。（SCM系統(tǒng)示意圖）（ERP 系統(tǒng)） 供應(yīng)商管理和零庫(kù)存上海通用將IS-AUTO與先前開(kāi)發(fā)應(yīng)用的供應(yīng)商管理系統(tǒng)(e-supply)進(jìn)行了對(duì)接，實(shí)現(xiàn)了與供應(yīng)商的即時(shí)溝通，使供應(yīng)商能根據(jù)通用的生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃安排自己的存貨和生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃，同時(shí)也減少了對(duì)他們的存貨資金的占用。而且一旦供應(yīng)商在原材料、零部件方面出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，也可以向上海通用汽車(chē)提供預(yù)警，以便很快地啟動(dòng)“應(yīng)急計(jì)劃”。 上海通用汽車(chē)有限公司（SGM）一般不設(shè)倉(cāng)庫(kù)，只維持11個(gè)小時(shí)的零件供應(yīng)；而且它供應(yīng)鏈緊湊，客戶(hù)親和力增強(qiáng)。SGM在國(guó)內(nèi)首創(chuàng)訂單生產(chǎn)模式，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)需求控制產(chǎn)量。同時(shí)SGM生產(chǎn)供應(yīng)采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的JIT運(yùn)作模式，并由國(guó)際著名的RYDER物流咨詢(xún)公司為其設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)行零庫(kù)存管理，即所有汽車(chē)零配件的庫(kù)存存于運(yùn)輸途中，不占用大型倉(cāng)庫(kù)，而僅在生產(chǎn)線旁邊設(shè)立再配送中心（RDC），維持288套的最低安全庫(kù)存。以下是SGM的供應(yīng)鏈結(jié)構(gòu)示意圖： SAP IS - Auto systemSAP IS - Auto system has become the Shanghai gm Auto IT systems nerve center of Shanghai gm, IT covers from receive orders to pay to the end user the entire process, and car with dealers management system, supply chain management system (e - SupplySystem), factory underlying management system (PlantFloorSystem) etc, its form close connection characteristics IS the biggest on-demand customize, flexible management.(Supply chain of enterprises, warehouses, suppliers, customers, connected into an organic whole) lean production methodsThe company is committed to realizing lean production methods - mySAP SCM implementation solutions decision proved this point. Shanghai gm choose SCM solutions to help achieving complex supply chain process synchronization and automation, including vehicle, engine and transfer. (SCM system) (ERP system) Supplier management and zero inventoryShanghai gm will previously developed IS -AUTO the supplier management system application (e -supply) named docking, realized the immediate communication with suppliers, vendors can according to general production planning schedule their own inventory and production plan, also reduced the rate of their stock fu