不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞.doc

不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞 A. 原型，過去式， 和 過去分詞 完全不同 drink-drank-drunk ring-rang-rung swim-swam-swum sing-sang-sung sink-sank-sunk blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown know-knew-known fly -flew-flown take-took-taken shake-shook-shaken drive-drove-driven write-wrote-written rise-rose-risen ride-rode-ridden speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen break-broke-broken wake-woke-woken freeze-froze-frozen forget-forgot-forgotten choose-chose-chosen draw-drew-drawn eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen give-gave-given hide-hid-hidden see-saw-seen do-did-done B. 過去式與過去分詞完全相同 bright-brought-brought think-thought-thought fight-fought-fought buy-bought-bought catch-caught-caught sell-sold-sold tell-told-told say-said-said pay-paid-paid send-sent-sent lend-lent-lent spend-spent-spent burn-burnt-burnt learn-learnt-learnt mean-meant-meant feel-felt-felt smell-smelt-smelt sleep-slept-slept sweep-slept-slept leave-left-left build-built-built lose-lost-lost get-got-got meet-met-met sit-sat-sat shoot-shot-shot lead-led-led spit-spat-spat have-had-had hold-held-held make-made-made stand-stood-stood hear-heard-heard find-found-found dig-dug-dug shine-shone-shone understand-understood-understood win-won-won C.原型與過去分詞相同 come-came-come run-ran-run become-became-become D.原形與過去式和過去分詞完全相同 cast-cast-cast cut-cut-cut put-put-put let-let-let set-set-set hit-hit-hit shut-shut-shut hang-hung-hung 吊，掛 lie-lied-lied 說謊 lie-lay-lain 躺下，位于，平放 hanged-hanged 處絞刑 lay-laid-laid 置放。動(dòng)詞 過去式be (am is) wasare werecome camego wentdo (does) did fly flewdraw drewmake madesing sanghave (has) hadeat atedrink drankput putlet letread readcan couldsee sawmeet metget gotforget forgottake tookcan couldmay mightshall shouldwill wouldknow knewbegin beganbend bentbuild builtspend spentmean meantlearn learnt learnedbuy boughtthink thoughtteach taughtcatch caughtsleep sleptsweep sweptkeep keptspeak spokeride rodefeel feltleave leftgive gaverun ranring rangsit satswim swamsay saidstand stoodtell toldthrow threwwin wonwrite wrote不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式的構(gòu)成1把動(dòng)詞原形中的i改為a，變成過去式。如： beginbegan，drinkdrank，givegave，ringrang，singsang，sitsat，swimswam 2把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o，變成過去式。如： drivedrove，riderode，writewrote 3改動(dòng)詞原形中的aw ow為ew，變成過去式。如： drawdrew，growgrew，knowknew，throwthrew（動(dòng)詞show除外，showshowed） 4動(dòng)詞原形中的e改為o，變成過去式。如： getgot，forgetforgot 5動(dòng)詞原形中的ee改為e，變成過去式。如： feedfed，meetmet 6動(dòng)詞原形中的eep改為ept，變成過去式。如： keepkept，sleepslept，sweepswept 7動(dòng)詞原形中的eak改為oke，變成過去式。如： breakbroke，speakspoke 8動(dòng)詞原形中的ell改為old，變成過去式。如： sellsold，telltold 9動(dòng)詞原形中的an改為oo，變成過去式。如： standstood，understandunderstood 10以ought和aught結(jié)尾，且讀音是 :t的過去式。如： bringbrought，buy bought，thinkthought，catchcaught，teachtaught 11以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為ud的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過去式。如： cancould，shallshould，willwould 12把動(dòng)詞原形中的o改為a，變成過去式。如： comecame，becomebecame 13在動(dòng)詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如： hearhi heardh :d， sayseisaidsed，meanmi:nmeantment 14動(dòng)詞的過去式與動(dòng)詞原形一樣。如： letlet，mustmust，putput，readreadred 15不符合上述規(guī)律的動(dòng)詞過去式。如： am，iswas，arewere，buildbuilt，dodid，eatate，fallfell，feelfelt，findfound，flyflew，gowent，have has had，holdheld，leaveleft，makemade，maymight，runran，seesaw，taketook 不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞巧記方法 動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞是初中英語教學(xué)中的重點(diǎn)，而有些動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化是這些重點(diǎn)中的難點(diǎn)，但這些不規(guī)則變化也不是毫無規(guī)律可循的?，F(xiàn)將初中英語中一些常用的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞變化介紹如下。 一、原形、過去式和過去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。如： cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread 特殊：動(dòng)詞read的過去式和過去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read，但發(fā)音分別是ri:d-red-red。 二、有些動(dòng)詞的過去分詞與原形是一樣的。如： come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome 三、有些動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞相同。如： 1. 把單詞結(jié)尾的字母d改為t。如：lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent 2. 改變單詞中間元音字母。如： sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held 3. 以eep結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，把eep改為ept。如： keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept 4. 過去式和過去分詞都以augh或ough結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞。如：buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught 5. 有的以ay結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在過去式和過去分詞中把a(bǔ)y變成aid。如：say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid 6. 另有一些其它形式的變化。如：have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt 四、有些動(dòng)詞原形中含有字母i，在過去式中變i為a，在過去分詞中變i為u。如： 五、以字母ow或aw結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，在變成過去式時(shí)，通常把元音字母變成e，在變成過去分詞時(shí)，通常只在詞尾加n。如：blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-