中考復(fù)習(xí)-主謂一致.ppt

中考復(fù)習(xí)系列主謂一致歸納 一致 是指句子成分之間或詞語之間在性 數(shù)等方面應(yīng)保持一致 主謂一致 是指謂語動(dòng)詞與主語必須在人稱 性 數(shù)上保持一致 即主語是復(fù)數(shù) 謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式 如are were have等 主語是單數(shù) 謂語要用單數(shù)形式 如 is was has works等 在具體處理一致關(guān)系時(shí)可遵循以下三原則 語法一致 意義一致 就近一致 1 由and連接的并列成分指的是同一概念 一個(gè)人的雙重身份或匹配出現(xiàn)的事物時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù) 由and連接的兩個(gè)并列成分表示兩個(gè)不同的概念時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) TheworkerandwriterisfromWuhan 那個(gè)工人兼作家 TheworkerandthewriterarefromBeijing 那位工人和那位作家 常見的由and連接的指一個(gè)概念的有 theneedleandthread針線saltandwater鹽和水thefolkandknife刀叉ironandsteel鋼鐵timeandtide歲月 時(shí)間和潮水 BreadandbutterisadailyfoodintheWest BothCathyandherdaughterLindahavegonefishinginCanada 2 everyoneofoneofeachofeitherof 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語 謂語用單數(shù) Eachofthestudentshasabook 3 表示時(shí)間 距離 金錢等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語 表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí) 謂語用單數(shù) Twentyyearshaspassedsincehelefthishometown 4 Every and every each and each no and no manya and manya 連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語 謂語用單數(shù) Everydeskandeverychairismadeofwood Manyaboyandgirlhasmadethesamemistake 5 集體名詞class family army team club population enemy party crowd majority crew audience public government group等作主語 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù) 指?jìng)€(gè)體成員用復(fù)數(shù) HisfamilyisinHarbin Hisfamilyaremusiclovers Thisclassconsistsof45students Mr Greenteachesit Thisclassarealldiligent Mr Greenteachesthem Theteamisthebestintheleague 這個(gè)隊(duì)在聯(lián)賽中打得最好 Thefootballteamarehavingbaths 足球隊(duì)隊(duì)員們?cè)谙丛?1 Hisfamily asmallone 2 Hisfamily fatandshort A is isB are areC is areD are is 此題應(yīng)選C family是一個(gè)集合名詞 具有單數(shù) 側(cè)重指整體 和復(fù)數(shù) 側(cè)重指?jìng)€(gè)體 兩種可能 但是并不是所有的集合名詞都具有以上兩種用法 1 有的集合名詞總是用作單數(shù) 不可數(shù) clothing衣服 poetry詩歌 baggage luggage行李 furniture家俱 scenery景色等 2 有的集合名詞總是表示復(fù)數(shù)意義 但不用復(fù)數(shù)形式 people人 police警察 cattle牲口等 6 all none some any等不定代詞作主語 根據(jù)其指代的內(nèi)容而定 Allarepresent Allthefoodtastesgood 7 half most enough part therest thelast lots plenty 分?jǐn)?shù) 百分?jǐn)?shù) of 名詞 作主語 謂語動(dòng)詞要和of之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致 Two thirdsofthepeoplepresentareagainsttheplan Three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthiscoveredbysea Overtwentypercentofthecitywasdestroyedinthewar Forty fivepercentofthedoctorswerewoman 8 由or either or neither nor notonly butalso等連接的并列主語 謂語動(dòng)詞常和靠近的作主語的名詞在單復(fù)數(shù)上保持一致 就近原則 NotonlyhebutalsoIaminvited Neithermyglovesnormyhatgoeswiththedress 9 由therebe引導(dǎo)的句子 當(dāng)主語不是一個(gè)時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞通常與最近的主語一致 NotonlyIbutJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother 89 A isB areC amD be 析 由 or either or neither nor not but notonly butalso 連接兩個(gè)并列主語時(shí) 動(dòng)詞與靠近的主語保持一致 B 10 主語后跟 with alongwith togetherwith including but except like among aswellas nomorethan besides ratherthan 名詞 結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞一般和前面的主語保持一致 Theteacherwithanumberofstudentsisintheclassroom Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift A isofferedB hasofferedC areofferedD haveoffered 謂語應(yīng)該跟主語一致還是跟表語一致 WeChinese ahard workingpeople A isB areC isbeingD arebeing 此題應(yīng)選B 這里應(yīng)注意的是 我們通常說的是主謂一致 即謂語與主語保持一致 而不是表謂一致 即不是謂語與表語一致 本題意為 我們中國人是一個(gè)勤勞的民族 注意以下類似例子 ThesetwodictionariesareapresentformybestfriendJim Theplanetsweretheobjectofhisstudy ThemostimportantthingIneedisbooks Thecountry sleadingexportiswatches Thebestpartofthemealisthecoffeeandcookies 1 youorhetheteacherofEnglish 2 Neithermysisternormymother presentatthemeeting A Are wasB Is wereC Are areD Is is A Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet 91 A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided 析 當(dāng)when和where加不定式指的是同一件事時(shí) 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) A I notyou inthewrong NotIbuthe beeninvited A were haveB were hasC was hasD was have 有否定形式加入時(shí) 動(dòng)詞看肯定形式 C every并列使用時(shí) 動(dòng)詞取單數(shù) Everyboyandeverygirl thateachdayandeachhourbrings duty A know theirB knows theirC knows itsD know its B E mail aswellastelephones animportantpartindailycommunication 99上海2 A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play 1 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be2 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 3 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be4 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 5 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome6 Nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis A knowB knowsC isknownD areknown 7 Theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready A hasreadB havereadC arereadingD isreading8 Allbutone intheaccident A waskilledB werekilledC willbekilledD arekilled 9 Thenumberofpeo