高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)與增分策略 專題一 閱讀理解 第三節(jié) 題組練習(xí) 3 環(huán)境保護課件.ppt

題組3環(huán)境保護 專題一閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練 a 2017 第二次全國大聯(lián)考 itseemedthatwhatihavefearedinthepasthasbecometrueeventually inthelast19yearsihavetakenamericanstudentstomanychinesecities theairpollutioninbeijingandotherbigcitieswevisitedhavebeensimplyshocking everytimewhenmystudentscommentedabouttheairqualityinchinaandhowtheymissedtheblueskiesintheusmyhearthurts infact ididnotexpectthatchinesegovernmentorthechinesepeoplewouldhaveacceptedmyadvicein1994whenifirstraisedthatquestion orin1997whenipublishedthearticleinchinaandtheworld iunderstoodthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthbecauseisawandlivedthroughitintheus in2006 oneofthereaderswhoreadmyarticleonlinecommentedwithangerthatsomeoneactuallywarnedaboutthepotentialproblemsoftheuncontrolledspreadofprivatecars andnothinghappened forthemajorityofchinesepeoplewhodidnothavecars andwhowereadmiringthewondersandcomfortcarsbringingtolife thetemptationofcarswasirresistibleatthetime ihadayoungchinesefriendwheniwasstudyinginboston heboughtacarbeforehelearnedhowtodrive hestartedtodrivethefirstnighthegotthecarbeforehehadadriverlicense thepolicecaughthimdrivinghiscararound2 00inthemorningintheneighborhood thepolicedecidedtolethimgobecausehetoldthepolicethathecamefromchina andthatithadbeenhisdreamtoownanddriveacar nowhehadacar andhesimplycouldnotsleepanymore hewastooeagertodrivehiscar nowthechinesegovernmentandchinesepeopleseewiththeirowneyeswhatharmstheuncontrolledownershipofcarcandototheircitiesandtheirhealth ihopethatthechinesepeopleandchinesegovernmentwouldbeabletotakesomedrasticmeasurestodealwiththisairpollutionproblemswhichthreatentheirownhealthnow 語篇解讀本文作者講到了中國現(xiàn)在極差的空氣質(zhì)量正是他之前所預(yù)料的 委婉地指出了過去中國政府對大氣污染不夠重視 政策和措施不到位 面對當(dāng)前的霧霾天氣 作者希望中國政府和人民采取嚴厲措施來處理大氣污染問題 語篇解讀 1 wheredoestheauthorprobablycomefrom a china b america c notmentioned d i mnotsure 解析推理判斷題 根據(jù)第二段最后一句 iunderstoodthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthbecauseisawandlivedthroughitintheus 可知作者是美國人 故選b 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 2 theunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphmeans a hedrovehiscarcarelesslyb hedidn tlikedrivinghiscarc hewantedtodrivehiscaratonced hewassoeagerthathecouldn tdrivehiscar 解析句意理解題 根據(jù)畫線句前面的 thatithadbeenhisdreamtoownanddriveacar nowhehadacar andhesimplycouldnotsleepanymore 可知 他非?？释_車 從語法角度考慮 tooeagertodo 表示肯定意義 故選c 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 3 fromthepassagewecaninfer a thechinesefriendbegantodrivehiscarwithoutadriverlicenseb theauthorpredictedthepotentialharmsofcarstohumanhealthat19c thechinesefriendbegantodrivehiscarassoonashegotadriverlicensed inthepastthechinesegovernmenttookmanymeasurestopreventairpollution 解析推理判斷題 根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知d項錯誤 根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知作者在90年代就預(yù)測到霧霾對中國人的健康有危害 而不是19歲時 所以b項錯誤 根據(jù)第四段中的句子 heboughtacarbeforehelearnedhowtodrive hestartedtodrivethefirstnighthegotthecarbeforehehadadriverlicense 可知c項與文章矛盾 a項正確 故選a 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 4 whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage a theauthor sconcernwasnecessary b airpollutionproblemsneedtobesolved c somereaderonceblamedtheauthor sarticle d theairqualityofchinaismorethansatisfying 解析細節(jié)理解題 縱觀全文 都是圍繞著中國的空氣質(zhì)量差進行敘述 故d項與文章意思矛盾 故選d 答案 解析 2 3 1 4 b 2017 山西重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體模擬 sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature however whetheryouareonthemountains inthewaves oronthegrassland youshouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment somesportsareresource hungry golf asyoumayknow eatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountryside butalsotonsofwater besides allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses 球場 ingoodcondition thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects forexample inthedryregionsofportugalandspain golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas therearemanyenvironment friendlysports powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday youdon tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes andyoudon thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse simpleandfree powerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit ifyouwalkregularly itwillbegoodforyourheartandbones expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxious sleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol whateversportyoutakeup youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials butthefinalgoalshouldbe greengyms theyarebetterreplacements 代替物 fortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoors inthecountrysideorotheropenspaces thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership andbestofall it sfree 語篇解讀文章簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動 如高爾夫 也講述了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動 如powerwalking 文章的主旨就是為了讓我們綠色運動 語篇解讀 5 whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof a playingbasketballinagym b motorracinginthedesert c cyclingaroundalake d swimminginasportscenter 解析推理判斷題 根據(jù)最后一段第一 二句 whateversportyoutakeup youcanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials butthefinalgoalshouldbe greengyms 可知作者主張綠色運動 c屬于綠色運動 故為正確答案 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 6 whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage a itispopularinportugalandspain b itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen c itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes d itcauseswatershortagesaroundtheworld 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第二段最后三句 besides allsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses 球場 ingoodcondition thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects forexample inthedryregionsofportugalandspain golfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas 可知選b 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 7 theauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlybecause a itusesfewerresourcesb itimprovesourhealthc itisanoutdoorsportd itisrecommendedbyexperts 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第三段前三句 therearemanyenvironment friendlysports powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday youdon tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes andyoudon thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse 可知這是一項耗費資源很少的運動 故選a 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 8 theauthorwritesthepassageto a showusthefunctionofmajorsportsb encourageustogoinforgreensportsc discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsd introducedifferenttypesofenvironment friendlysports 解析寫作目的題 文章中簡述了一些對資源耗費較多的運動 如高爾夫 也講述了一些不怎么耗費資源的運動 如powerwalking 文章的主旨就是為了讓我們綠色運動 故選b 答案 解析 6 7 5 8 c 2017 福建漳州八校聯(lián)考 thinkaboutwhatyouhadforlunch wasitahamburger achickensandwich barbecue whataboutvegetables woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatwhatyoueatcanaffectthewholeplanet itcan inabigway newstudiesshowhowfoodanditsproductionaffecttheglobeanditswarmingclimate you veprobablyheardofglobalwarming thetemperatureisontherisebecausehumankindhasbeenreleasing 排放 amountsofgasesintotheatmosphere oneofthesegreenhousegasesiscarbondioxide 二氧化碳 whatdoesthishavetodowithfood abigpartofthecarbondioxidethatweputintheatmosphereeveryyearcomesfromtheprocessofmakingandeatingfood theproductionofmeatcontributesalotofthatcarbondioxide andmuchofmeat scontributioncomesfrombeef whichisresponsibleforreleasingevenmorewarminggasesintotheatmosphere theprocessofmakingahamburger forexample requiresalotofenergy acowhastobefedandraisedonfarmland andcowwasteisamajorsourceofmethane 沼氣 anespeciallypowerfulgreenhousegas thecowhastobekilled themeathastobeprocessedandshippedtoashop whichtakesfuel mostofthecowwon tevenbeusedformeatthatpeopleeat bythetimeahamburgerfinallylandsonadinnerplate ithasmadeaheavyeffectontheenvironment wecanreducetheproductionofglobal warminggasesbyeatinglessbeef otherkindsofmeatlikeporkandchickendolessharmtotheenvironment atleastintermsoftheamountofgreenhousegasesreleased allkindsofmeatareharderontheplanetthanvegetables togrowandeatapoundofpotatoes forexample sendslessthanone quarterpoundofcarbondioxideintotheair sochangingourdiettolessmeatandmorevegetables asitturnsout maydotheworldsomegood 語篇解讀 語篇解讀文章介紹了人們的飲食會引起溫室效應(yīng) 特別是肉類加工會排放溫室氣體 作者建議人們改變對環(huán)境不利的飲食方式 9 thequestionsaskedinthefirstparagraphareusedto a showtheauthor sconcernaboutfoodsafetyb expresstheauthor spuzzlementatwhattoeatc introducethetopictobediscussedinthepassaged remindreadersofsomethingdelicioustoeat 解析推理判斷題 文章第一段提出一系列關(guān)于我們飲食的問題 由第二段前兩句 itcan inabigway newstudiesshowhowfoodanditsproductionaffecttheglobeanditswarmingclimate 可知 這些問題是為了引出話題 故選c 答案 解析 10 11 9 10 whatisthebadnewsformeat eaters a mostcowsareraisednotforpeopletoeat b meatproducingcontributestoglobalwarming c thereisalotofcarbondioxideinthemeatweeat d animalsbegintodieoffbecauseofglobalwarming 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第三段第三 四句 theproductionofmeatcontributesalotofthatcarbondioxide andmuchofmeat scontributioncomesfrombeef whichisresponsibleforreleasingevenmorewarminggasesintotheatmosphere 可知 對于食肉的人來說壞消息是肉類生產(chǎn)會導(dǎo)致全球氣溫變暖 故選b 答案 解析 10 11 9 11 whichisthemostenvironment friendlyfoodaccordingtothepassage a carrot b beef c pork d chicken 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知 蔬菜比肉類制造的二氧化碳要少 所以蔬菜更環(huán)保 故選a 答案 解析 10 11 9 d 2017 湖南瀏陽一中期中 thenamesoundsfunnybuttheideaisnojoke it sapersonaltoiletcalledthepeepoo anderswilhelmson aswedisharchitect istheinventorofthepeepoo hebecameinterestedintheideaofsanitationaftertakingpartinaresearchprojectonthesocialandpoliticaldevelopmentofcities oneofthemostcommonproblemshefoundindevelopingcountrieswasthelackoftoilets hewantedtodosomethingtohelp soworkingwithothers hestartedtheprojectin2005 andthenextyearstartedacompanycalledpeepoople thetoiletisasingle usebagmadeofenvironmentallyfriendlyplastics theinsideistreatedwithurea 尿素 achemicalcommonlyusedasfertilizer thehottertheweather themorequicklythewasteturnsintowhatisneededbyplants thesanitationprocesscanbeassoonasacoupleofhoursoraslongastwotofourweeks youcanjustburyitinapotandgrowwhateveryoulike thecompanyexpectstostartsellingthebagsinaugustinkenyaandbangladesh butitisjustbeginningproductionandsalesinnairobinow fullproductioncouldreachabouthalfamillionbagsadayandpeoplemaybeabletobuythepeepooincountrieslikevietnam bangladesh etc theunitednationssaysmorethantwoandahalfbillionpeoplearoundtheworlddonothavegoodsanitation manyhavenochoicebuttousetheoutdoors whichisnotonlybadfortheenvironment butalsoharmfultopeople shealth eachyear poorsanitationleadstothreefifthsofthosepeoplegettinganinfectiousdiseasewhichonaveragecausesoneoutof1 000patientstodie jacksmith thefounderoftheworldtoiletorganization says thisisquiteanunacceptablesituationgiventhefactthatwearelivinginthemodernworld andstrangely manyofthemowntelevisions phonesbuthavenotoilets 語篇解讀 語篇解讀文章介紹了環(huán)保廁所peepoo 它解決了發(fā)展中國家缺乏廁所的問題 并且可以被用來種植植物 可謂一舉兩得 12 whatwastheoriginalpurposeofanderswilhelmsoninstartingthecompany a toprotectthelocalenvironment b toearnalotofmoneyfromtheproject c todoresearchonthesocialdevelopment d tohelpsolvetheproblemoflackoftoiletsindevelopingcountries 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)文章第二段第二 三句 oneofthemostcommonproblemshefoundindevelopingcountrieswasthelackoftoilets hewantedtodosomethingtohelp 可知選d 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 13 whatcanbelearnedaboutthepeepoofromthepassage a itcanbeusedoveragain b itssanitationprocessdoesn tlastlong c itworksbetterinsummerthaninwinter d itshouldbeburiedinapotafterbeingused 解析細節(jié)理解題 根據(jù)第三段第三句 thehottertheweather themorequicklythewasteturnsintowhatisneededbyplants 可知選c 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 14 thefifthparagraphiswrittenmainlytotellusthat a poorsanitationmaycausemanyproblemsb manypeopledon tcarefortheenvironmentc manypeoplegetillfromusingtheoutdoorsd quiteanumberofpeoplediefrompoorsanitation 解析段落大意題 該段主要說明了衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)不好會產(chǎn)生的惡劣影響 故選a 答案 解析 13 14 12 15 15 theunderlinedword this inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto a theoutdoorsbeingdamagedb manyplacesbeingshortoftoiletsc manypeoplehavingtvsandphonesd manypeoplegettinganinfectiousdisease 解析代詞指代題 根據(jù)上下文 這里的this指的是許多發(fā)展中